High-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure
By designing a high-strength three-dimensional protective fabric with a continuous diamond grid structure in the flame retardant suit, the problem of flame retardant suit is easily tear and heat conduction in fire situations is solved, and efficient heat insulation and mechanical strength are achieved to meet the high safety protection needs of firefighters.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422184739.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing flame retardant clothing is easily hooked or torn during fire, causing heat to be transmitted to the human body, and the physical and mechanical properties are insufficient, so it cannot provide efficient protection.
The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure is adopted to form a continuous diamond grid structure through the interweaving of the surface and inner layers to form a stable air layer. The intrinsic flame-retardant fibers and high-strength filaments are used to enhance the flame-retardant and tear resistance of the fabric, and the layers are connected through a woven process to avoid the coating affecting breathable comfort.
It achieves significant improvement in thermal insulation and mechanical strength without increasing the weight of the fabric, providing long-lasting flame retardant and tear resistance, meeting the high safety protection needs of firefighters.
Smart Images
Figure CN223255585U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of flame-retardant fabrics, in particular to a high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure. Background Art
[0002] On the one hand, in most cases, the wearer of flame-retardant clothing will not come into direct contact with flames. However, external heat will be transferred to the body through contact, radiation, convection, and other means, causing harm. The human body is sensitive to heat. When the skin temperature reaches 44°C, first-degree burns occur. At 55°C maintained for 20 seconds, second- and third-degree burns will occur, and at 72°C, complete scorch occurs. Therefore, in firefighting and rescue operations, effectively slowing or preventing heat transfer into flame-retardant clothing and improving the thermal insulation efficiency of flame-retardant fabrics are of great practical significance to firefighters.
[0003] On the other hand, integrity is an important fundamental requirement for flame-retardant clothing to provide excellent thermal protection. In a fire, if a flame-retardant garment becomes snagged or torn by external forces, the garment's integrity will be compromised, exposing the inner fabric and significantly reducing its fire and heat protection. It can even expose the wearer directly to fire and heat sources, resulting in molten droplet scalds or burns, creating a significant risk. To prevent sharp objects from puncturing or scratching the protective clothing, which could directly injure rescuers or damage the garment's fire resistance and thermal insulation properties due to holes in the outer flame-retardant fabric, flame-retardant fabrics must meet higher requirements for their physical and mechanical properties while achieving fire protection. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the deficiencies in flame retardancy and physical and mechanical properties in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-strength flame retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure, which is a high-performance fabric structure integrating flame retardancy, high strength and heat insulation, so as to provide higher safety protection in fire and emergency rescue as much as possible.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: a high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure, including a surface layer tissue on the front and an inner layer tissue on the back. The surface layer tissue and the inner layer tissue are connected by a plurality of connection points to form a continuous three-dimensional diamond lattice structure on the back of the fabric, thereby forming a stable and regular air layer between the surface layer tissue and the inner layer tissue;
[0006] The surface layer structure is formed by interweaving surface warp yarns and surface weft yarns. The basic structure of the surface layer structure is a one-up-one-down plain weave or a two-up-one-down twill weave. The surface warp yarns are A yarns and the surface weft yarns are B yarns. The surface warp yarns and the surface weft yarns are both made of intrinsic flame-retardant fibers. The use of intrinsic flame-retardant fiber raw materials makes this layer of fabric have long-lasting and excellent flame-retardant properties.
[0007] The inner layer structure is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns. The basic structure of the inner layer structure is a plain weave structure with one top and one bottom. The inner layer warp yarns are arranged with B yarns and C yarns alternately, and the inner layer weft yarns are C yarns. The inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns are made of high-strength intrinsic flame-retardant filaments to enhance the tear and burst resistance of the fabric.
[0008] The junction point is formed by interweaving the surface weft yarn B yarn and the inner warp yarn B yarn.
[0009] The inner and outer weaves are connected by the junction points where the inner warp yarns B interweave with the outer weft yarns B. This junction design creates a continuous, three-dimensional diamond lattice structure on the reverse side of the fabric. The junction design is the core of this fabric structure. The junction points are formed by interweaving the inner warp yarns B and the outer weft yarns B, which have a higher yarn count than the outer warp yarns A. This connection creates a monochromatic interweaving with the outer weave, without affecting the appearance of the front fabric. It also stabilizes the fabric structure of the filaments on the reverse side. More importantly, the diamond lattice structure forms a stable and regular air layer for better thermal insulation.
[0010] The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure is a double-layer structure with the inside and outside connected using a weaving process. The various functional layers are connected together by weaving, avoiding the use of coating, compounding and other processes that affect the breathability and comfort of the fabric.
[0011] There are many structures for arranging the yarns of the surface layer and the inner layer, and several preferred structures are given below.
[0012] As a preferred structure, the basic structure of the surface tissue is a one-up-one-down plain weave, the surface warp yarn arrangement is 11A+1M, the M yarn is composed of 2 A yarns, the surface weft yarn arrangement is 11B+1N, the N yarn is composed of 2 B yarns, and the M yarn and the N yarn form a regular tear-resistant lattice; the warp yarn arrangement is 5 (1A1B1A1C) + 1A1B2A1C, and the weft yarn arrangement is 11 (1B1C) + 2B1C.
[0013] As a preferred structure, the basic structure of the surface layer structure is an over-under plain weave structure, the warp yarn arrangement is 1A1B1A1C, and the weft yarn arrangement is 1B1C.
[0014] As a preferred structure, the basic structure of the surface layer is a one-up-one-down plain weave, the surface warp yarn arrangement is 11A+1M, the M yarn is composed of 2 A yarns, the surface weft yarn arrangement is 11B+1N, the N yarn is composed of 2 B yarns, and the M yarns and N yarns form a regular tear-resistant lattice;
[0015] The base weave of the inner layer is a plain weave with an over-under pattern. The inner weft yarns are C and D, arranged in an 11C1D pattern, with D being a high-tex weft yarn. The weft C yarn is made of high-strength intrinsic flame-retardant filament, with high-tex weft D yarn regularly added to further enhance the fabric's physical and mechanical properties. The weft arrangement is 11C1D. The warp arrangement is 5 (1A1B1A1C) + 1A1B2A1C, and the weft arrangement is 11 (1B1C) + 2B1D.
[0016] This structure is designed to further enhance the weft strength. The resulting fabric has a warp and weft breaking strength greater than 2000N (test standard GB / T 3923.1-2013) and a tearing strength greater than 1000N (test standard GB / T 3917.3-2009).
[0017] As a preferred structure, the basic structure of the surface layer structure is a two-up-one-down twill structure, the warp yarn arrangement is 1A1B1A1C, and the weft yarn arrangement is 1B1C.
[0018] Furthermore, the surface layer yarn and the inner layer yarn are arranged in a 1:1 ratio, that is, the density ratio of the surface layer fabric to the inner layer fabric is 1:1; the warp density on the machine is 30-50 yarns / cm, and the weft density on the machine is 25-45 yarns / cm.
[0019] Furthermore, the A yarn is a blended yarn of aramid 1313 and aramid 1414, and the B yarn is a blended yarn of aramid 1313, aramid 1414 and antistatic fiber; the A yarn and the B yarn have different densities, the density of the A yarn is 20~40tex, the density of the B yarn is 15~35tex, and the density of the B yarn is less than that of the A yarn; the C yarn is 200D~600D aramid filament; the C yarn is also the inner layer warp yarn, and when used as the warp yarn, it needs to be twisted and steamed to enhance cohesion and eliminate residual torque, and the twisting twist is 200~400 twists / m.
[0020] Furthermore, the air layer height of the diamond lattice structure is 2 mm.
[0021] Furthermore, the weight of the surface fabric accounts for 50% to 65%; the fabric weight per unit area is 240±20g / m 2 .
[0022] Furthermore, the A yarn and the B yarn are colored fibers of the same color, and the C yarn is of its own color.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of this utility model are:
[0024] (1) The breaking strength of para-aramid fiber is nearly five times that of meta-aramid, and its decomposition temperature is 560°C, which is higher than the 400°C of meta-aramid. It has excellent mechanical properties and high temperature resistance. However, para-aramid is yellow and difficult to dye. Its color fastness to light after dyeing is poor, which limits its practical application. The utility model innovatively uses the structure design to make para-aramid filaments applicable to the inner layer of the fabric, which is well hidden on the surface of the fabric. The fibers do not need to be dyed, and the physical and mechanical properties of the fabric are significantly improved.
[0025] (2) Heat conduction is one of the three stages of heat transfer between the surface and the interior of fire-fighting fabrics. Thermal conductivity is usually used to represent the heat conduction capacity of a material. Air is a poor conductor of heat, and the thermal conductivity of gas is much lower than that of solid materials. Therefore, the air layer structure can be formed by fabric design to reduce heat conduction. Conventional flame-retardant fabrics are mostly single-layer fabrics and double-layer fabrics without special structural design. The structure between the outer and inner layers is tight, there is no regular air layer structure, and the thermal insulation effect is limited. Double-layer fabrics made of single-layer fabrics through quilting processes often have a higher gram weight, which will increase the physical consumption of firefighters during the rescue process and the risk of causing heat stress reactions. Firefighting suits can contain four-layer structures as needed, which are outer layer, waterproof and breathable layer, thermal insulation layer and comfort layer from the outside to the inside; there are also new three-layer structures, which are outer layer, waterproof and breathable layer and comfort layer from the outside to the inside. This utility model proposes a new type of high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure. Through innovative organizational structure design, a stable and regular air layer structure is formed between the surface fabric and the inner fabric without significantly increasing the unit area mass of the fabric, so that the outer fabric has better thermal insulation performance, providing more possibilities for the design of fire protective clothing.
[0026] (3) By optimizing the inherent flame retardant raw materials, the utility model can make the fabric have multiple protective functions such as permanent flame retardancy, high strength tear resistance, and heat insulation, providing a higher level of protection for the wearer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure of the present utility model.
[0029] Figure 2 This is a single cycle organization diagram of the surface organization of the first embodiment.
[0030] Figure 3 This is a single cycle organization diagram of the inner layer organization in the first embodiment.
[0031] Figure 4 This is an interweaving diagram of the lining warp and the surface weft in the first embodiment.
[0032] Figure 5 This is a single cycle organization diagram of the first embodiment.
[0033] Figure 6 This is a real shot of the front of the fabric of the first embodiment.
[0034] Figure 7 This is a real shot of the reverse side of the fabric of the first embodiment.
[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a single cycle organization diagram of the second embodiment.
[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a single cycle organization diagram of the third embodiment.
[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a single cycle organization diagram of the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating the basic structure of the present invention only in a schematic manner. They therefore only show components relevant to the present invention, and directions and references (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) are intended solely to facilitate the description of features in the drawings. The following detailed description is therefore not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined solely by the appended claims and their equivalents. Example 1
[0039] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the utility model is a high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure, including a surface tissue on the front and an inner tissue on the back. The surface tissue and the inner tissue are connected by a number of connection points to form a continuous three-dimensional diamond lattice structure on the back of the fabric, thereby forming a stable and regular air layer between the surface tissue and the inner tissue.
[0040] The surface layer is interwoven with surface warp yarns and surface weft yarns. The basic structure of the surface layer is a one-over-one-under plain weave. The surface warp yarns are A yarns, and the surface weft yarns are B yarns. The surface warp yarns are arranged as 11A+1M, where the M yarn is composed of two A yarns. The surface weft yarns are arranged as 11B+1N, where the N yarn is composed of two B yarns. The M yarns and the N yarns form a regular tear-resistant lattice. The A yarns and B yarns are both made of intrinsic flame-retardant fibers. The use of intrinsic flame-retardant fiber raw materials gives this layer of fabric long-lasting and excellent flame-retardant properties.
[0041] The inner layer is interwoven with inner warp yarn and inner weft yarn. The basic structure of the inner layer is a plain weave with one top and one bottom. The inner warp yarn is arranged with an interval of 1 between B yarn and C yarn. The inner weft yarn is C yarn. The C yarn is made of high-strength intrinsic flame-retardant filament to enhance the tear and burst resistance of the fabric.
[0042] The yarns for the surface and inner layers are arranged in a 1:1 ratio, meaning the density ratio of the surface fabric to the inner layer is 1:1. The warp density on the loom is 40-45 yarns / cm, and the weft density on the loom is 38-43 yarns / cm. The resulting fabric structure is: a warp arrangement of 5 (1A1B1A1C) + 1A1B2A1C, and a weft arrangement of 11 (1B1C) + 2B1C.
[0043] The inner and outer weaves are connected by the junction points where the inner warp yarns B interweave with the outer weft yarns B. This junction design creates a continuous, three-dimensional diamond lattice structure on the reverse side of the fabric. The junction design is the core of this fabric structure. The junction points are formed by interweaving the inner warp yarns B and the outer weft yarns B, which have a higher yarn count than the outer warp yarns A. This connection creates a monochromatic interweaving with the outer weave, without affecting the appearance of the front fabric. It also stabilizes the fabric structure of the filaments on the reverse side. More importantly, the diamond lattice structure forms a stable and regular air layer for better thermal insulation.
[0044] All yarns in this example are flame-retardant. Yarn A is a blend of aramid 1313 and aramid 1414, while yarn B is a blend of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, and antistatic fiber. Yarns A and B have different linear densities: warp yarn A has a linear density of 33-38 tex, while weft yarn B has a linear density of 23-28 tex. The inner weft yarn C is 200D aramid 1414 filament and serves as the inner warp. When used as the warp, yarn C is twisted and steamed to enhance cohesion and eliminate residual torque. The twist is 280-320 twists / m.
[0045] The weight of the surface fabric accounts for 50%~65%.
[0046] Yarn A and yarn B are colored fibers of the same color, and yarn C is of its own color.
[0047] The air layer height of the formed diamond lattice is 2 mm.
[0048] The fabric has a unit area weight of 240±10g / m2.
[0049] The performance of the fabric produced meets the requirements of the XF10-2014 "Firefighters' Firefighting Protective Clothing" standard.
[0050] The warp and weft breaking strength of the fabric produced are both greater than 2000N, and the tearing strength is both greater than 500N, which is much higher than the requirements of the XF10-2014 "Firefighter Firefighting Protective Clothing" standard that the dry breaking strength of the outer layer material in the warp and weft directions should not be less than 650N, and the tearing strength in the warp and weft directions should not be less than 100N.
[0051] like Figure 1-Figure 7The organization diagrams shown are, in order, a structural diagram, a single-cycle organization diagram of the surface layer organization, a single-cycle organization diagram of the inner layer organization, an interweaving diagram of the inner warp and the surface weft (the solid part is the interweaving point of the inner layer warp yarn B and the surface layer weft yarn B), a single-cycle organization diagram ("O" indicates that the surface warp is lifted when the inner weft C is woven in and does not participate in the inner layer interweaving), and actual photos of the fabric. Example 2
[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the warp and weft arrangements. In this embodiment, the surface layer is based on a plain weave, with the surface warp yarns being A and the surface weft yarns being B. The inner layer is based on a plain weave, with the inner warp yarns being B and C with an interval of 1, and the inner weft yarn being C. The yarns of the surface and inner layers are arranged in a 1:1 ratio, meaning the surface fabric density is 1:1. The warp density is 43-48 yarns / cm, and the weft density is 40-45 yarns / cm. The fabric structure is: the warp arrangement is 1A1B1A1C, and the weft arrangement is 1B1C. In this embodiment, the densities of yarns A and B are different: yarn A has a density of 28-35 tex, while yarn B has a density of 20-25 tex, with yarn B having a lower density than yarn A. The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment. Example 3
[0053] like Figure 9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the warp yarn arrangement and the weft yarn arrangement are different. In this embodiment, the basic organization of the surface layer tissue is a one-up-one-down plain weave, the surface warp yarn arrangement is 11A+1M, the M yarn is composed of 2 A yarns, the surface weft yarn arrangement is 11B+1N, the N yarn is composed of 2 B yarns, and the M yarn and the N yarn form a regular tear-resistant lattice; the basic organization of the inner layer tissue is a one-up-one-down plain weave, the inner layer warp yarn is configured with B yarn and C yarn at an interval of 1, and the inner layer weft yarn is C yarn regularly added with D yarn to further enhance the physical and mechanical properties of the fabric, wherein C yarn adopts high-strength intrinsic flame-retardant filament, and D yarn adopts high-tex yarn; the surface layer tissue yarn and the inner layer tissue yarn are configured in a 1:1 ratio, that is, the density ratio of the surface fabric to the inner layer fabric is 1:1, the upper machine warp density is 35-40 yarns / cm, and the upper machine weft density is 32-37 yarns / cm. The resulting fabric structure is: the warp arrangement is 5 (1A1B1A1C) + 1A1B2A1C, and the weft arrangement is 11 (1B1C) + 2B1D. In this embodiment, yarns A and B have different densities: yarn A has a density of 30-40 tex, while yarn B has a density of 20-30 tex, with yarn B having a lower density than yarn A. The inner weft yarn D is 600D aramid 1414 filament.
[0054] This structure is designed to further enhance the weft strength. The warp and weft breaking strength of the resulting fabric are both greater than 2000N (test standard GB / T 3923.1-2013), and the tearing strength is greater than 1000N (test standard GB / T 3917.3-2009). The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those described in Example 1. Example 4
[0055] like Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the basic structure of the surface weave and the different warp and weft arrangements. In this embodiment, the surface weave is a two-up, one-down twill, with the surface warp yarns using A yarn and the surface weft yarns using B yarn. The basic weave of the inner layer is a one-up, one-down plain weave, with the inner warp yarns using B yarn and C yarn arranged with an interval of 1, and the inner weft yarn using C yarn, which is a high-strength intrinsic flame-retardant filament. The surface and inner layer yarns are arranged in a 1:1 ratio, that is, the surface fabric density ratio is 1:1. The fabric structure is: the warp arrangement is 1A1B1A1C, and the weft arrangement is 1B1C. Preferably, the upper warp density is 40-50 yarns / cm, and the upper weft density is 35-45 yarns / cm. The density of the A yarn and the B yarn is different, with the density of the A yarn being 30-40 tex and the density of the B yarn being 20-35 tex, with the density of the B yarn being less than that of the A yarn.
[0056] Based on the above-mentioned ideal embodiment of the present invention, and in accordance with the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure, characterized by: It includes a surface fabric on the front and a lining fabric on the back. The surface fabric and the lining fabric are connected by several joints to form a continuous three-dimensional diamond lattice structure on the back of the fabric, thereby forming a stable and regular air layer between the surface fabric and the lining fabric. The surface layer structure is formed by interweaving surface warp yarns and surface weft yarns, the basic structure of the surface layer structure is a one-up-one-down plain weave or a two-up-one-down twill weave, the surface warp yarns are A yarns, the surface weft yarns are B yarns, and the surface warp yarns and the surface weft yarns are both made of intrinsic flame-retardant fibers; The inner layer structure is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns. The basic structure of the inner layer structure is a one-up-one-down plain weave. The inner layer warp yarns are arranged with B yarns and C yarns alternately. The inner layer weft yarns are C yarns. The inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns are made of high-strength intrinsic flame-retardant filaments. The junction point is formed by interweaving the surface weft yarn B yarn and the inner warp yarn B yarn.
2. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic structure of the surface layer is a one-up-one-down plain weave, the surface warp yarn arrangement is 11A+1M, the M yarn is composed of 2 A yarns, the surface weft yarn arrangement is 11B+1N, the N yarn is composed of 2 B yarns, and the M yarns and N yarns form a regular tear-proof lattice; The warp arrangement is 5 (1A1B1A1C) + 1A1B2A1C, and the weft arrangement is 11 (1B1C) + 2B1C.
3. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic structure of the surface layer structure is a one-up-one-down plain weave structure, the warp yarn arrangement is 1A1B1A1C, and the weft yarn arrangement is 1B1C.
4. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic structure of the surface layer is a one-up-one-down plain weave, the surface warp yarn arrangement is 11A+1M, the M yarn is composed of 2 A yarns, the surface weft yarn arrangement is 11B+1N, the N yarn is composed of 2 B yarns, and the M yarns and N yarns form a regular tear-proof lattice; The base weave of the inner layer is a one-up-one-down plain weave, and the inner layer weft yarns are C yarns and D yarns, which are arranged as 11C1D, wherein the D yarn is a high-tex weft yarn; The warp arrangement is 5 (1A1B1A1C) + 1A1B2A1C, and the weft arrangement is 11 (1B1C) + 2B1D.
5. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic structure of the surface layer structure is a two-up-one-down twill structure, the warp yarn arrangement is 1A1B1A1C, and the weft yarn arrangement is 1B1C.
6. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface layer yarn and the inner layer yarn are arranged in a ratio of 1:1; the warp density on the machine is 30-50 yarns / cm, and the weft density on the machine is 25-45 yarns / cm.
7. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A yarn is a blended yarn of aramid 1313 and aramid 1414, and the B yarn is a blended yarn of aramid 1313, aramid 1414 and antistatic fiber; the A yarn and the B yarn have different densities, the A yarn density is 20~40tex, the B yarn density is 15~35tex, and the B yarn density is smaller than the A yarn; the C yarn is 200D~600D aramid filament; the C yarn is also the inner layer warp yarn, and when used as the warp yarn, it needs to be twisted and steamed, and the twisting twist is 200~400 twists / m.
8. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air layer height of the diamond lattice structure is 2 mm.
9. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight of the surface tissue accounts for 50% to 65%; the fabric weight per unit area is 240±20g / m 2 .
10. The high-strength flame-retardant three-dimensional protective fabric structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A yarn and the B yarn are colored fibers of the same color, and the C yarn is of its own color.