Fabricated structure with pipeline hole

Abstract

A fabricated structure with a pipeline hole is characterized in that a composite beam prefabricated part is in lap joint with a bracket of a prefabricated stand column or a prefabricated column, one or more prefabricated plates are arranged between the adjacent composite beam prefabricated parts side by side, and the two ends of each prefabricated plate are in lap joint with the adjacent composite beam prefabricated parts or connecting supports of the composite beam prefabricated parts respectively; a superposed beam cast-in-situ part is formed on the superposed beam prefabricated part through a cast-in-situ process, the superposed beam prefabricated part and the superposed beam cast-in-situ part jointly form a superposed beam main body, a hole for penetrating through an equipment pipeline is formed in the superposed beam main body, and a bearing floor or roof is formed above the prefabricated plate through the cast-in-situ process. When the main beam adopts the superposed beam design, large holes can be formed in a unified position, arrangement conditions can be provided for equipment pipelines, and the influence of the pipelines on the clear height is reduced. Equipment pipelines can penetrate through the holes, the influence of the pipelines on the clear height of the bottom of the beam is reduced, and the safety of the beam can be guaranteed by arranging the consistency of the holing parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model discloses a building structure, in particular to an assembled structure with pipeline openings, belonging to the technical field of building engineering. Background Art

[0002] A prefabricated garage is a prefabricated building structure typically assembled on-site from prefabricated components. These types of garages are typically made of steel, concrete, or other durable materials. Advantages of prefabricated garages include fast construction, relatively low costs, easy quality control, and high flexibility. Taking prefabricated garages as an example, other prefabricated building structures face similar challenges. During the construction process, prefabricated garages typically begin with design and fabrication, followed by the delivery of prefabricated components to the site for assembly and installation by a specialized construction team. Compared to traditional on-site construction, this construction method can significantly shorten construction timelines and reduce site disruption and waste. Furthermore, prefabricated garages can be disassembled and reassembled later, offering a degree of portability and reusability.

[0003] Conventional prefabricated garages are typically assembled from columns, beams, and composite decking. Conventional prefabricated decking is a flat plate with low inherent rigidity. This makes transportation inconvenient and prone to damage, as well as breakage during construction, making it particularly unsuitable for relatively large spans like basements. Conventional prefabricated composite beams are typically rectangular in design, unable to provide temporary support for secondary beams and floor slabs, causing significant inconvenience during the construction process. Conventional frame main beams are cast-in-place, with low steel and concrete strength. Openings in the beams significantly reduce the overall rigidity of the beams, resulting in larger cross-section requirements and unmanageable reinforcement measures. Without openings in the beams, equipment piping must be routed underneath the beams. Exposed equipment piping typically runs through the bottom of the beams, impacting the overall visual experience of the garage and significantly diminishing the initial impression. The challenge of achieving a garage with concealed piping has become a pressing issue in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology in prefabricated building structures, such as exposed equipment pipelines and poor visual experience, the utility model provides a prefabricated structure with pipeline openings, which is provided with openings of a set size on the composite beam body for laying equipment pipelines, etc., and can achieve a relatively hidden design of the pipelines, making the overall building structure more beautiful.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: an assembled structure with pipeline openings, the structure including prefabricated columns, prefabricated parts of composite beams, cast-in-place parts of composite beams and prefabricated panels, the prefabricated parts of composite beams are overlapped on the corbels of prefabricated columns or prefabricated columns, more than one prefabricated panel is arranged side by side between adjacent prefabricated parts of composite beams, and the two ends of the prefabricated panels are respectively overlapped on the connecting supports of adjacent prefabricated parts of composite beams or prefabricated parts of composite beams, the cast-in-place part of composite beams is formed on the prefabricated parts of composite beams by a cast-in-place process, the prefabricated parts of composite beams and the cast-in-place parts of composite beams together constitute the main body of composite beams, the main body of composite beams is provided with openings for passing equipment pipelines, and a load-bearing floor or roof is formed above the prefabricated panels by a cast-in-place process.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems further includes:

[0007] The structural dimensions of the opening are that the length is less than or equal to 1 / 6 of the span of the composite beam body, and the height is less than or equal to 2 / 5 of the height of the composite beam body. The thickness of the concrete layer of the composite beam body on the upper and lower sides of the opening is at least 2 / 5 of the height of the composite beam body respectively. The opening corresponds to the prefabricated panel.

[0008] The prefabricated part of the composite beam includes a main body of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, top exposed steel bars, a steel cage, four corner steel bars, side exposed steel bars, middle reinforcing steel bars, top reinforcing steel bars and bottom reinforcing steel bars. The steel cage and the four corner steel bars are tied together to form the supporting main body of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. The top exposed steel bars are arranged in the main body of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, and part of them extend to the outside of the top of the main body of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. A cantilever is formed on the top surface of the main body of the prefabricated part of the composite beam corresponding to both sides of the top exposed steel bars. The side exposed steel bars, middle reinforcing steel bars, top reinforcing steel bars and bottom reinforcing steel bars are all arranged parallel to the length direction of the main body of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. The side exposed steel bars and bottom reinforcing steel bars are arranged at the bottom inside the steel cage, the middle reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the middle position inside the steel cage, and the top reinforcing steel bars are arranged at the top inside the steel cage.

[0009] The width of the main body of the composite beam prefabricated part is more than 200mm, and the height is more than 250mm. The opening is opened on the main body of the composite beam prefabricated part with a height not exceeding 1 / 2 of the height of the composite beam prefabricated part.

[0010] The steel cage is surrounded by a rectangular structure, with four steel bars at the four corners, which are respectively arranged at the four corners of the steel cage, more than two exposed steel bars at the top, more than two top reinforcing steel bars, more than one row of middle reinforcing steel bars, and more than one steel bar in each row, four exposed steel bars at the side, and one to four bottom reinforcing steel bars. The exposed side steel bars are respectively arranged at the positions of the top reinforcing steel bars, and the bottom reinforcing steel bars are arranged between adjacent exposed side steel bars, and one or two bottom reinforcing steel bars are arranged between the exposed side steel bars.

[0011] A keyway is provided in the middle of the end face of the main body of the prefabricated composite beam part. The width of the keyway is not less than 1 / 2 of the prefabricated composite beam part, and the height is not less than 1 / 2 of the prefabricated composite beam part.

[0012] The prefabricated panel adopts a trough panel, which includes a transverse panel and a rib panel. The rib panel is fixedly connected to both sides of the transverse panel. The transverse panel is embedded with an intermediate connecting steel bar, and part of the intermediate connecting steel bar is exposed at the top of the transverse panel. The prefabricated panel is embedded with a side connecting steel bar, and part of the side connecting steel bar is exposed at the top of the transverse panel. The side connecting steel bar is arranged corresponding to the position of the rib panel.

[0013] The cross section of the rib plate is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid, and supporting feet are fixedly provided on the outer side of the bottom of the rib plate.

[0014] The intermediate connecting steel bar is in a "V" shape, with both ends arranged in the transverse plate, and the triangular sharp corners exposed at the top of the transverse plate. A first longitudinal steel bar is arranged in the transverse plate, and the first longitudinal steel bar is arranged corresponding to the end position of the intermediate connecting steel bar. A second longitudinal steel bar is arranged in the transverse plate, and the second longitudinal steel bar is arranged corresponding to the middle position of the adjacent intermediate connecting steel bars. A third longitudinal steel bar is arranged in the transverse plate, and the third longitudinal steel bar is arranged corresponding to the end positions on both sides of the transverse plate. There are two third longitudinal steel bars on each side. A fourth longitudinal steel bar is arranged in the rib plate, and the fourth longitudinal steel bar is arranged at the bottom of the support leg. There are more than two fourth longitudinal steel bars in the single-side support leg.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: when the main beam adopts a composite beam design, the utility model can open openings at uniform locations, providing conditions for the layout of equipment pipelines and reducing the impact of pipelines on the net height. Equipment pipelines can pass through the openings, reducing the impact of pipelines on the net height of the beam bottom, and the consistency of the opening locations can ensure the safety of the beam.

[0016] This utility model eliminates the need for formwork for beam and slab construction. The precast composite beam section can be temporarily supported on precast columns or their corbels, and the precast trough plate can be temporarily supported on the lugs of the precast composite beam section, making on-site installation relatively efficient. After the precast composite beam section is hoisted into position on-site at the top of the precast column, the bottom reinforcement of the continuous beam is welded together, and the trough plate is hoisted onto the lugs of the precast composite beam section. The next step, construction of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete layer of the beam and slab, can then begin.

[0017] When installing the central column of the present invention, the cup-shaped foundation is taken into consideration, and there is no need for steel bar alignment and grouting in the hole. At the same time, the reserved corbel at the top of the column provides a temporary fulcrum for the prefabricated part of the composite beam, which can simplify the layout of the construction scaffolding. The present invention sets corbels in the direction of the composite beam, which is convenient for factory prefabrication and stacking. The use of high-strength concrete can reduce damage caused by collisions during transportation. Combined with the foundation form, the on-site installation is relatively efficient. The main work at the installation site is only to hoist the prefabricated column into the cup-shaped foundation, which basically completes the construction of the column. The corbel at the top of the column provides temporary support for the prefabricated part of the composite beam. There is no dense steel bar head at the beam-column node as in the conventional prefabricated part of the two-way composite beam, so the construction is relatively simple.

[0018] The high degree of standardization of prefabricated components in this utility model facilitates the use of high-strength materials, resulting in excellent waterproofing and a shortened construction period. This utility model utilizes a prefabricated structure, with prefabricated components formed in the factory. This ensures relatively good curing conditions for the high-strength concrete and prevents damage during transportation. Prefabricated trough panels can utilize high-strength rebar, such as T63 steel strands, reducing steel consumption and achieving material conservation and carbon reduction. The use of high-strength rebar reduces the number of rebars within the components, facilitating on-site installation.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the overlapping position of the prefabricated panels in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main part of the composite beam in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the overlapping position of the prefabricated slab rib beams in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connection portion in the present invention when viewed from above.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connection portion in the present invention when viewed from above.

[0025] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure at the height difference of the prefabricated panels of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the large-scale structure connecting the long side of the prefabricated panel and the cast-in-place section in this utility model.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the prefabricated panel in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a prefabricated panel in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the prefabricated panel in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 It is a side view structural diagram of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the utility model.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an embodiment 1 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the non-civil air defense area of ​​the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the second embodiment of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the non-civil defense area of ​​the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the third embodiment of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the non-civil defense area of ​​the present invention.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the opening position of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the non-civil defense area of ​​the present invention.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the non-civil defense area of ​​the present invention where no holes are opened.

[0036] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the non-civil defense area of ​​the utility model.

[0037] Figure 18 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an embodiment 1 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the civil air defense area of ​​the present invention.

[0038] Figure 19 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the second embodiment of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the civil air defense area of ​​the present invention.

[0039] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the opening positions of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the civil air defense area of ​​the present invention.

[0040] Figure 21This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the civil air defense area of ​​the present invention where no holes are opened.

[0041] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the prefabricated part of the composite beam in the civil air defense area of ​​the present invention (connection support position).

[0042] In the figure, 1-precast column, 11-corbel, 2-precast part of composite beam, 21-main body of precast part of composite beam, 22-exposed steel bar on top, 23-ear, 24-keyway, 25-exposed steel bar on side, 26-steel cage, 27-corner steel bar, 28-middle reinforcing steel bar, 29-top reinforcing steel bar, 210-bottom reinforcing steel bar, 3-precast slab, 31-cross slab, 32-rib, 33-support foot, 34-connection position, 35-middle connecting steel bar, 36-side connecting steel bar, 37-first longitudinal steel bar, 38-second longitudinal steel bar, 39-third longitudinal steel bar, 310-fourth longitudinal steel bar, 4-cast-in-place part of composite beam, 5-roof, 6-joint, 7-opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] This embodiment is a preferred implementation of the present utility model. Other embodiments whose principles and basic structures are the same or similar to those of this embodiment are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0044] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 To the attached Figure 22 The present invention mainly protects an assembled structure with a pipeline opening in an opening, which mainly includes a prefabricated column 1, a prefabricated part 2 of a composite beam, a cast-in-place part 4 of a composite beam and a prefabricated plate 3. The prefabricated part 2 of the composite beam is overlapped on the corbel 11 of the prefabricated column 1. In specific implementation, the prefabricated column 1 can also be overlapped without a corbel, and the prefabricated part 2 of the composite beam can be directly overlapped on the prefabricated column 1. In this embodiment, the corbel 11 should be understood in a broad sense. In addition to the common building column corbel structure, other protruding structures with supporting and load-bearing functions should also be understood as the corbel in the present invention. More than one precast panel 3 is arranged side by side between adjacent precast parts 2 of the composite beam, and the two ends of the precast panel 3 are respectively overlapped on the adjacent precast parts 2 of the composite beam, and the composite beam cast-in-place part 4 is formed on the precast part 2 of the composite beam by a cast-in-place process. The precast part 2 of the composite beam and the cast-in-place part 4 of the composite beam together constitute the main body of the composite beam. The main body of the composite beam is provided with an opening 7 for passing equipment pipelines. A roof 5 is formed above the precast panel 3 by a cast-in-place process. In this embodiment, the roof is taken as an example for explanation. In specific implementation, a load-bearing floor or other roof structure can also be formed above the precast panel 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, the structural dimensions of opening 7 are: a length less than or equal to 1 / 6 of the span of the composite beam, and a height less than or equal to 2 / 5 of the composite beam's height. The concrete layer thickness of the composite beam above and below opening 7 is at least 2 / 5 of the composite beam's height. Opening 7 corresponds to precast panel 3. Taking a 10.3-meter-long composite beam as an example, the maximum structural dimensions of opening 7 are 1600 mm in length and 400 mm in height, fully meeting the requirements for the passage of general water, electricity, and equipment pipelines. The main crossbeams above and below opening 7 each have a concrete layer at least 350 mm thick to ensure the strength of the composite beam at opening 7.

[0046] In this embodiment, the prefabricated plate 3 adopts a groove-type prefabricated plate, which can also be called a groove plate. The opening 7 is preferably opened corresponding to the groove plate so that the opening 7 is opposite to the groove on the groove plate. In specific implementation, the prefabricated plate 3 can also adopt other forms of prefabricated plates, such as: flat plate, etc.

[0047] In this embodiment, the composite beam prefabricated part 2 mainly includes a composite beam prefabricated part main body 21, top exposed steel bars 22, a steel cage 26, four corner steel bars 27, side exposed steel bars 25, middle reinforcing steel bars 28, top reinforcing steel bars 29 and bottom reinforcing steel bars 210. The steel cage 26 and the four corner steel bars 27 are tied together to form a supporting main body of the composite beam prefabricated part 2. Concrete is poured in the supporting main body to form the composite beam prefabricated part main body 21. The top exposed steel bars 22 are arranged in the composite beam prefabricated part main body 21, and part of them extend to the outside of the top of the composite beam prefabricated part main body 21. A cantilever 23 is formed on both sides of the top surface of the composite beam prefabricated part main body 21 corresponding to the top exposed steel bars 22 for placing prefabricated panels. In this embodiment, The lugs 23 should be interpreted in a broad sense. In addition to the conventional lug structure shown in this embodiment, other side protruding structures can also be used. As long as they can be used to place and support the structure of the prefabricated plate, they should be understood as the lug structure in the present invention. The side exposed steel bars 25, the middle reinforcing steel bars 28, the top reinforcing steel bars 29 and the bottom reinforcing steel bars 210 are all arranged parallel to the length direction of the main body 21 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. The side exposed steel bars 25 and the bottom reinforcing steel bars 210 are arranged at the bottom inside the steel cage 26, the middle reinforcing steel bars 28 are arranged in the middle position inside the steel cage 26, and the top reinforcing steel bars 29 are arranged at the top inside the steel cage 26. The prefabricated part 2 of the composite beam adopts an inverted T-shaped structure design, and the lugs 23 of the flange can be used to place the prefabricated plate 3.

[0048] In this embodiment, the width of the main body 21 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam is more than 200 mm, preferably 650 mm to 850 mm, and the height is more than 250 mm, preferably 300 mm to 550 mm, which can be determined according to needs. When it is used in a non-civil defense area, its width can be 800 mm, and when it is used in a civil defense area, its width can be 850 mm, and the height is preferably 450 mm. If an opening 7 is opened at the corresponding position, the height of the corresponding position is preferably 350 mm, that is, the opening 7 has no more than 1 / 2 of the height of the prefabricated part of the composite beam opened on the main body 21 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. In this embodiment, a height of 100 mm is opened on the main body 21 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam.

[0049] In this embodiment, the steel cage 26 is surrounded by a rectangular structure, and four corner steel bars 27 are provided, which are respectively provided at the four corners of the steel cage 26. The four corner steel bars 27 are preferably φ12 steel bars, that is, the diameter of the four corner steel bars 27 is preferably 12 mm.

[0050] In this embodiment, there are more than two exposed steel bars 22 on the top, and four are provided in this embodiment. There are also more than two top reinforcing steel bars 29, and four are provided in this embodiment. There are more than two top reinforcing steel bars 29. In this embodiment, it is preferred that the top reinforcing steel bars 29 are provided corresponding to the top exposed steel bars 22. The top reinforcing steel bars 29 are preferably φ16 steel bars, that is, the diameter of the top reinforcing steel bars 29 is preferably 16 mm.

[0051] In this embodiment, more than one row of intermediate reinforcing steel bars 28 can be provided according to actual needs, and each row can have more than one steel bar. In this embodiment, there are fifteen to twenty-seven steel bars, and preferably three rows are adopted, and each row can have five to nine steel bars according to actual needs. The intermediate reinforcing steel bars 28 are preferably φ12.7 steel bars, that is, the diameter of the intermediate reinforcing steel bars 28 is preferably 12.7 mm.

[0052] In this embodiment, four exposed side reinforcement bars 25 are provided, and one to four bottom reinforcement bars 210 are provided. The exposed side reinforcement bars 25 are provided at the positions corresponding to the top reinforcement bars 29, and the bottom reinforcement bars 210 are provided between adjacent exposed side reinforcement bars 25. One, two, or no bottom reinforcement bars 210 may be provided between the exposed side reinforcement bars 25. In this embodiment, the exposed side reinforcement bars 25 and the bottom reinforcement bars 210 are preferably φ25 steel bars, that is, the diameter of the exposed side reinforcement bars 25 and the bottom reinforcement bars 210 is preferably 25 mm.

[0053] In this embodiment, a key groove 24 is provided in the middle of the end face of the main body 21 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. The width of the key groove 24 is not less than 1 / 2 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, and the height is not less than 1 / 2 of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. In this embodiment, the key groove 24 is preferably 450 mm in width and 140 mm in height.

[0054] In this embodiment, the prefabricated plate 3 preferably adopts a trough plate, which includes a transverse plate 31 and a rib plate 32. The rib plate 32 is fixedly connected to both sides of the transverse plate 31. The transverse plate 31 is embedded with an intermediate connecting steel bar 35, and the intermediate connecting steel bar 35 is partially exposed at the top of the transverse plate 31. The prefabricated plate is embedded with a side connecting steel bar 36, and the side connecting steel bar 36 is partially exposed at the top of the transverse plate 31. The side connecting steel bar 36 is arranged at the position corresponding to the rib plate 32.

[0055] In this embodiment, the cross section of the rib 32 is a right-angled trapezoid. The connection between the rib 32 and the cross plate 31 is defined as a connection position 34. The connection position 34 is arc-shaped, which can enhance the strength of this part on the one hand and reduce the stress accumulation of this part on the other hand.

[0056] In this embodiment, a support foot 33 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the bottom of the rib plate 32, which can increase the contact area between the rib plate 32 and the connecting surface, thereby increasing its stability.

[0057] In this embodiment, the intermediate connecting steel bars 35 are V-shaped, with both ends disposed within the transverse plate 31, and the triangular corners exposed at the top of the transverse plate 31. First longitudinal steel bars 37 are disposed within the transverse plate 31, corresponding to the ends of the intermediate connecting steel bars 35. In this embodiment, the horizontal spacing of the intermediate connecting steel bars 35 is 35 to 45 cm, preferably 40 cm.

[0058] In this embodiment, a second longitudinal steel bar 38 is provided in the transverse plate 31. The second longitudinal steel bar 38 is provided at the middle position corresponding to the adjacent middle connecting steel bars 35. The horizontal spacing of the second longitudinal steel bars 38 is 35-45CM, preferably 40CM.

[0059] In this embodiment, third longitudinal steel bars 39 are provided in the transverse plate 31. The third longitudinal steel bars 39 are provided at the ends of the transverse plate 31 on both sides, with two third longitudinal steel bars 39 provided on each side. Fourth longitudinal steel bars 310 are provided in the ribs 32. The fourth longitudinal steel bars 310 are provided at the bottom of the support legs 33. There are two or more fourth longitudinal steel bars 310 provided in a single support leg 33, preferably two or four. In this embodiment, the side connecting steel bars 36 are shaped like a right-angled trapezoid. The fourth longitudinal steel bar 310 is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the side connecting steel bars 36, and the third longitudinal steel bar 39 is provided on the inner side of the top of the side connecting steel bars 36.

[0060] The method for realizing the assembled structure with pipeline openings in the present invention is also a method for constructing the assembled structure, which comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step S1: Cast the structural base plate of the entire structure, and make a "cup-shaped" foundation at the corresponding position of the prefabricated column 1 to facilitate the subsequent installation of the prefabricated column 1;

[0062] Step S2, hoist the prefabricated column 1 and insert it into the "cup mouth" foundation to complete the installation of the prefabricated column 1. A steel bar alignment hole needs to be reserved at the bottom of a conventional prefabricated column, and the grouting is not dense after the prefabricated column is in place. When installing the prefabricated column 1 in the utility model, combined with the situation of the cup mouth foundation, there is no need for steel bar alignment and grouting in the hole, and the prefabricated column 1 can be directly inserted into the cup mouth; at the same time, a corbel 11 is reserved at the top of the prefabricated column 1 in this embodiment, which provides a temporary fulcrum for the prefabricated main beam and simplifies the layout of the construction scaffolding. The prefabricated column 1 is only provided with a corbel 11 in the direction of the composite beam, which is convenient for factory prefabrication and stacking. In specific implementation, the corbel may not be provided, and the prefabricated part of the composite beam may be directly overlapped on the prefabricated column 1; the use of high-strength concrete can reduce damage caused by collisions during transportation; combined with the foundation form, on-site installation is relatively efficient. In this embodiment, the main on-site work is only to hoist the prefabricated columns into the cup mouth, which basically completes the column construction; the column top bracket provides temporary support for the prefabricated part of the composite beam, and there is no dense steel bar head at the beam-column node as in the conventional prefabricated part of the two-way composite beam, so the construction is relatively simple;

[0063] Step S3: placing the X-axis main beam prefabricated portion, i.e., the composite beam prefabricated portion 2, on the prefabricated column 1, and welding the bottom reinforcement of the composite beam prefabricated portion 2 to the vertical reinforcement of the prefabricated column 1;

[0064] Step S4: The precast panel 3 is placed on the upper part of the precast part 2 of the composite beam. The precast panel 3 is a precast component in the factory. The high-strength concrete used has relatively good curing conditions and is not easily damaged during transportation. The precast part 2 of the composite beam and the precast panel 3 can both use high-strength steel bars such as T63 and steel strands to reduce steel consumption, save materials and reduce carbon. After using high-strength steel bars, the number of steel bars in the component is reduced, which is convenient for on-site installation.

[0065] Step S5: Hanging the formwork of the secondary beam in the Y direction and tying the steel bars. In the present invention, only the prefabricated composite beam part 2 is used in one direction, and there is no cross-reinforcement phenomenon in the prefabricated composite beam part, which is convenient for construction. The other direction adopts the cast-in-place part, and the steel bars are made and installed on site, which is flexible and simple.

[0066] Step S6: tying the slab surface reinforcement and pouring concrete to form the joints 6 between the adjacent precast slabs 3 and the roof 5.

[0067] The building structure of the utility model can be applied to garages, warehouses or other buildings that need to pass equipment pipelines.

[0068] When the main beam adopts a composite beam design, this utility model can open holes at uniform locations, providing conditions for the layout of equipment pipelines and reducing the impact of pipelines on the net height. Equipment pipelines can pass through the openings, reducing the impact of pipelines on the net height of the beam bottom, and the consistency of the opening locations can ensure the safety of the beam.

[0069] This utility model eliminates the need for formwork for beam and slab construction. The precast composite beam section can be temporarily supported on precast columns or their corbels, and the precast trough plate can be temporarily supported on the lugs of the precast composite beam section, making on-site installation relatively efficient. After the precast composite beam section is hoisted into position on-site at the top of the precast column, the bottom reinforcement of the continuous beam is welded together, and the trough plate is hoisted onto the lugs of the precast composite beam section. The next step, construction of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete layer of the beam and slab, can then begin.

[0070] When installing the central column of the present invention, the cup-shaped foundation is taken into consideration, and there is no need for steel bar alignment and grouting in the hole; at the same time, the reserved corbel at the top of the column provides a temporary fulcrum for the prefabricated part of the composite beam, which can simplify the layout of the construction scaffolding. The present invention sets corbels in the direction of the composite beam, which is convenient for factory prefabrication and stacking; the use of high-strength concrete can reduce damage caused by collisions during transportation; combined with the foundation form, the on-site installation is relatively efficient. The main work at the installation site is only to hoist the prefabricated column into the cup-shaped foundation, which basically completes the construction of the column; the corbel at the top of the column provides temporary support for the prefabricated part of the composite beam, and there is no dense steel bar head at the beam-column node as in the conventional two-way composite beam prefabricated part, so the construction is relatively simple. The prefabricated parts of the present invention are highly standardized, which is conducive to the use of high-strength materials, good waterproofing effect and short construction period.

[0071] The high degree of standardization of prefabricated components in this utility model facilitates the use of high-strength materials, resulting in excellent waterproofing and a shortened construction period. This utility model utilizes a prefabricated structure, with prefabricated components formed in the factory. This ensures relatively good curing conditions for the high-strength concrete and prevents damage during transportation. Prefabricated trough panels can utilize high-strength rebar, such as T63 steel strands, reducing steel consumption and achieving material conservation and carbon reduction. The use of high-strength rebar reduces the number of rebars within the components, facilitating on-site installation.

[0072] This new model uses prefabricated columns, beams, and slabs, allowing them to be constructed simultaneously with or even ahead of foundation construction. This allows for faster installation, saving 20 days of traditional formwork and reinforcement construction time, 30 days of formwork removal and maintenance time, and the underground garage can be delivered and put into use ahead of schedule. The progress of this new model's prefabricated components is unaffected by environmental factors and weather. Furthermore, by constructing the above-ground outdoor garden ahead of schedule, the overall construction period can be shortened, eliminating the need for plastering and other decorative elements in the underground garage, saving 30 to 60 days of construction time. The underground garage's pipeline installation can be synchronized with the upper landscaping (reducing the time for concrete thermal stress shrinkage), saving 60 days of cross-construction time and enabling the underground garage to be delivered and put into use ahead of schedule.

Claims

1. An assembled structure with pipeline openings, characterized by: The structure comprises a prefabricated column (1), a prefabricated composite beam part (2), a cast-in-place composite beam part (4) and a prefabricated plate (3), wherein the prefabricated composite beam part (2) is overlapped on the prefabricated column (1) or the corbel (11) of the prefabricated column, and one or more prefabricated plates (3) are arranged side by side between adjacent prefabricated composite beam parts (2), and both ends of the prefabricated plates (3) are overlapped on adjacent prefabricated composite beam parts (2) or the connecting supports of the prefabricated composite beam parts, and the cast-in-place composite beam part (4) is formed on the prefabricated composite beam part (2) by a cast-in-place process, and the prefabricated composite beam part (2) and the cast-in-place composite beam part (4) together constitute a composite beam body, and a hole (7) for passing equipment pipelines is opened on the composite beam body, and a load-bearing floor or roof (5) is formed above the prefabricated plate (3) by a cast-in-place process.

2. The assembled structure with pipeline openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural dimensions of the opening (7) are that its length is less than or equal to 1 / 6 of the span of the composite beam body, and its height is less than or equal to 2 / 5 of the height of the composite beam body. The thickness of the concrete layer of the composite beam body on the upper and lower sides of the opening (7) is at least 2 / 5 of the height of the composite beam body, respectively. The opening (7) is opened corresponding to the precast panel (3).

3. The assembled structure with pipeline openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite beam prefabricated part (2) comprises a composite beam prefabricated part main body (21), top exposed steel bars (22), a steel cage (26), four corner steel bars (27), side exposed steel bars (25), middle reinforcement steel bars (28), top reinforcement steel bars (29) and bottom reinforcement steel bars (210). The steel cage (26) and the four corner steel bars (27) are tied together to form a supporting main body of the composite beam prefabricated part (2). The top exposed steel bars (22) are arranged in the composite beam prefabricated part main body (21) and partially extend to the outside of the top of the composite beam prefabricated part main body (21). The composite beam The top surface of the prefabricated part body (21) forms a cantilever (23) on both sides corresponding to the top exposed steel bar (22), and the side exposed steel bars (25), the middle reinforcing steel bars (28), the top reinforcing steel bars (29) and the bottom reinforcing steel bars (210) are all arranged parallel to the length direction of the prefabricated part body (21) of the composite beam. The side exposed steel bars (25) and the bottom reinforcing steel bars (210) are arranged at the bottom inside the steel cage (26), the middle reinforcing steel bars (28) are arranged at the middle position inside the steel cage (26), and the top reinforcing steel bars (29) are arranged at the top inside the steel cage (26).

4. The assembled structure with pipeline openings according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The width of the composite beam prefabricated part body (21) is more than 200 mm and the height is more than 250 mm. The opening (7) is opened on the composite beam prefabricated part body (21) at a height not exceeding 1 / 2 of the composite beam prefabricated part.

5. The assembled structure with pipeline openings according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The steel cage (26) is surrounded by a rectangular structure, and four corner steel bars (27) are provided, which are respectively provided at the four corner positions of the steel cage (26), two or more top exposed steel bars (22) are provided, two or more top reinforcing steel bars (29) are provided, and more than one row of middle reinforcing steel bars (28) is provided, with more than one steel bar provided in each row, four side exposed steel bars (25) are provided, and one to four bottom reinforcing steel bars (210) are provided. The side exposed steel bars (25) are respectively provided at the positions corresponding to the top reinforcing steel bars (29), and the bottom reinforcing steel bars (210) are provided between adjacent side exposed steel bars (25), and one or two bottom reinforcing steel bars (210) are provided between the side exposed steel bars (25).

6. The assembled structure with pipeline openings according to claim 3, characterized in that: A keyway (24) is provided in the middle of the end surface of the main body (21) of the composite beam prefabricated part. The keyway (24) has a width not less than 1 / 2 of the composite beam prefabricated part and a height not less than 1 / 2 of the composite beam prefabricated part.

7. The assembled structure with pipeline openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated plate (3) adopts a groove plate, which includes a transverse plate (31) and a rib plate (32). The rib plate (32) is fixedly connected to both sides of the transverse plate (31). The transverse plate (31) is embedded with an intermediate connecting steel bar (35), and the intermediate connecting steel bar (35) is partially exposed at the top of the transverse plate (31). The prefabricated plate is embedded with side connecting steel bars (36), and the side connecting steel bars (36) are partially exposed at the top of the transverse plate (31). The side connecting steel bars (36) are arranged at positions corresponding to the rib plates (32).

8. The assembled structure with pipeline openings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross section of the rib plate (32) is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid, and a support foot (33) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the bottom of the rib plate (32).

9. The assembled structure with pipeline openings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The intermediate connecting steel bar (35) is in a "V" shape, with both ends arranged in the transverse plate (31), and the triangular tip exposed at the top of the transverse plate (31). A first longitudinal steel bar (37) is arranged in the transverse plate (31), and the first longitudinal steel bar (37) is arranged at the end position corresponding to the intermediate connecting steel bar (35). A second longitudinal steel bar (38) is arranged in the transverse plate (31), and the second longitudinal steel bar (38) is arranged at the middle position corresponding to the adjacent intermediate connecting steel bars (35). A third longitudinal steel bar (39) is arranged in the transverse plate (31), and the third longitudinal steel bar (39) is arranged at the end positions on both sides of the transverse plate (31). Two third longitudinal steel bars (39) are arranged on each side. A fourth longitudinal steel bar (310) is arranged in the rib plate (32), and the fourth longitudinal steel bar (310) is arranged at the bottom of the support foot (33). Two or more fourth longitudinal steel bars (310) are arranged in the single-side support foot (33).

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