Speed reducer and engineering machinery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of speed reducer sealing, and discloses a sealing structure, a speed reducer and engineering machinery. The sealing structure comprises a floating oil seal seat, an output flange and a floating oil seal arranged between the floating oil seal seat and the output flange, a gap is formed between the floating oil seal seat and the output flange to form a labyrinth cavity arranged on the periphery of the floating oil seal in a surrounding mode, and a lubricating grease channel communicated with the labyrinth cavity is further formed in the floating oil seal seat. And the lubricating grease is conducted into the labyrinth cavity. The floating oil seal is arranged, the labyrinth cavity is formed around the floating oil seal, invasion of external impurities and foreign matter can be remarkably reduced, lubricating grease is continuously supplemented into the labyrinth cavity through the lubricating grease channel, it is ensured that the labyrinth cavity is always filled with the lubricating grease, and therefore the external impurities and the floating oil seal are completely isolated, and the service life of the floating oil seal is prolonged. The problem of oil leakage caused by damage of the floating oil seal is fundamentally solved, the overall sealing effect of the sealing structure is remarkably improved, and frequent shutdown for replacement of the dustproof sealing ring is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a sealing structure, a reducer and engineering machinery, and belongs to the technical field of reducer sealing. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel boring machines need to run continuously for long periods of time during tunnel excavation operations. Their cutting reducers, as key devices, face the problem of seal damage and oil leakage caused by the intrusion of sand and foreign objects in harsh environments. This is often the main cause of tunnel boring machine failure and shutdown.

[0003] Although the existing cutting reducer adopts a maze structure to reduce the intrusion of sand and stones, its open structural design still cannot completely isolate external foreign matter. In addition, the existing cutting reducer also adds an additional dustproof sealing ring, which can effectively prevent the entry of foreign matter. However, for the cutting reducer that needs to operate continuously, this method will lead to frequent replacement of sealing rings, thereby increasing downtime and maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a high-reliability sealing structure, reducer and engineering machinery suitable for the tunnel excavation industry. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a sealing structure, a reducer and engineering machinery. The sealing structure can completely isolate foreign matter and impurities from the outside, greatly improving the sealing performance of the reducer, without the need for frequent shutdowns to replace dustproof sealing rings.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a sealing structure, including a floating oil seal seat, an output flange and a floating oil seal arranged between the floating oil seal seat and the output flange; a gap is provided between the floating oil seal seat and the output flange to form a labyrinth cavity arranged around the outer periphery of the floating oil seal; the floating oil seal seat is also provided with a grease channel connected to the labyrinth cavity to conduct the grease into the labyrinth cavity.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the floating oil seal includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring that are relatively rotatable, the first sealing ring is connected to the floating oil seal seat, and the second sealing ring is connected to the output flange.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the floating oil seal seat is provided with a plurality of grooves, the output flange is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions and the plurality of grooves are snap-fitted to form the labyrinth cavity; or

[0010] The floating oil seal seat is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the output flange is provided with a plurality of grooves. The plurality of grooves and the plurality of protrusions are snap-fitted to form the labyrinth cavity.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, at least one of the plurality of grooves has a depth and / or width different from those of the other grooves.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, along the extension direction of the groove, the vertical cross-section of the groove is rectangular.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a reducer comprising the sealing structure described in the first aspect.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a housing, a ring gear, a bearing seat, a bearing assembly and an output shaft, the ring gear is connected to the housing, the bearing seat is connected to the ring gear, the floating oil seal seat is connected to the bearing seat, the bearing assembly is installed on the bearing seat, the output shaft is connected to the inner ring of the bearing assembly, and the output flange is connected to the output shaft.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the utility model, it also includes a grease tube arranged inside the reducer and a grease inlet arranged on the outer shell. The shell, ring gear and bearing seat are all provided with grease channels, which are connected in sequence. The grease channel on the shell is connected to the grease inlet, and the grease channel on the bearing seat is connected to the grease channel on the floating oil seal seat.

[0016] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an engineering machine, comprising the sealing structure described in the first aspect or the reducer described in the second aspect.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The utility model provides a sealing structure that significantly reduces the intrusion of foreign matter by providing a floating oil seal and configuring a labyrinth cavity around it. Grease is continuously replenished into the labyrinth cavity through the grease channel on the floating oil seal seat, ensuring that the labyrinth cavity is always full of grease, thereby completely isolating foreign matter from the floating oil seal. This fundamentally solves the problem of oil leakage caused by damage to the floating oil seal, significantly improves the overall sealing effect of the sealing structure, and eliminates the need for frequent shutdowns to replace dustproof seals.

[0019] 2. The utility model also provides a reducer that pre-fills the labyrinth cavity of the sealing structure with grease, effectively isolating external impurities such as mud, sand, and rock particles from contacting the floating oil seal. After startup, even if the grease slowly leaks or becomes contaminated due to operation, it can be continuously replenished into the labyrinth cavity through the grease inlet, ensuring that the cavity is always filled with grease, thereby isolating external foreign matter and impurities from the outside. This fundamentally solves the problem of damage and oil leakage of the floating oil seal caused by the entry of foreign matter in the reducer, ensuring the long-term safe operation of the reducer.

[0020] 3. The present invention also provides an engineering machine that can effectively ensure the sealing performance and working stability of its internal related components by using a sealing structure or a reducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work, among which:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a reducer provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the labyrinth cavity provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] The symbols in the accompanying drawings are:

[0026] 10. Housing; 101. Grease inlet;

[0027] 20. Ring gear;

[0028] 30. Bearing seat;

[0029] 40. Floating oil seal seat; 401. First groove; 402. Second groove; 403. Third groove;

[0030] 50, output flange; 501, first protrusion; 502, second protrusion; 503, third protrusion;

[0031] 60. Output shaft;

[0032] 70, floating oil seal; 701, first sealing ring; 702, second sealing ring;

[0033] 80. Bearing assembly;

[0034] 90. Grease tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment is the first embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment provides a sealing structure comprising a floating oil seal seat 40, an output flange 50, and a floating oil seal 70. The floating oil seal 70 is mounted between the floating oil seal seat 40 and the output flange 50. The floating oil seal seat 40 and the output flange 50 form a clearance gap, forming a labyrinth cavity. This cavity surrounds the outer periphery of the floating oil seal 70 (i.e., axially outward of the floating oil seal 70). Specifically, the floating oil seal seat 40 is provided with a grease channel that communicates with the labyrinth cavity and serves to direct grease into the labyrinth cavity.

[0039] Therefore, the sealing structure provided in this embodiment can be used to prevent the leakage of lubricating oil in mechanical equipment by providing a floating oil seal 70, and can also prevent the entry of external impurities and foreign objects. By providing a labyrinth cavity on the periphery of the floating oil seal 70, a first sealing line of defense is formed. This labyrinth-like sealing structure can effectively reduce the entry of external impurities and foreign objects. In addition, by providing a grease channel connected to the labyrinth cavity on the floating oil seal seat 40, grease can be continuously added to the labyrinth cavity, so that the labyrinth cavity is always in a state of being filled with grease, completely isolating external impurities and foreign objects from the floating oil seal 70, and fundamentally solving the problem of oil leakage caused by damage to the floating oil seal 70, thereby greatly ensuring the sealing effect of the sealing structure.

[0040] Furthermore, the floating oil seal 70 includes a first sealing ring 701 and a second sealing ring 702, which are capable of relative rotation. Optionally, the first sealing ring 701 is connected to the floating oil seal seat 40, and the second sealing ring 702 is connected to the output flange 50. The floating oil seal 70 is characterized by its flexibility and adaptability, capable of adapting to radial and axial displacement of the shaft to a certain extent, thereby providing an effective seal between the rotating component (in this embodiment, the output flange 50) and the fixed component (in this embodiment, the floating oil seal seat 40). This seal is primarily used to prevent lubricating oil leakage in mechanical equipment and also prevents external dust and impurities from entering the machine interior.

[0041] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The labyrinth cavity provided in this embodiment has a complex shape and includes multiple sealing units, and a single sealing unit is formed by the groove on the floating oil seal seat 40 and the protrusion on the output flange 50, or the protrusion on the floating oil seal seat 40 and the groove on the output flange 50.

[0042] Specifically, a plurality of grooves are provided on the side where the floating oil seal seat 40 is connected to the output flange 50, and a plurality of protrusions are provided on the side where the output flange 50 is connected to the floating oil seal seat 40. The plurality of protrusions and the plurality of grooves are snap-fitted together to form a plurality of sealing units, and finally these sealing units are combined into the above-mentioned labyrinth cavity; as an alternative, a plurality of protrusions are provided on the side where the floating oil seal seat 40 is connected to the output flange 50, and a plurality of grooves are provided on the side where the output flange 50 is connected to the floating oil seal seat 40. The plurality of grooves and the plurality of protrusions can also be snap-fitted together to form a plurality of sealing units, and finally these sealing units can also be combined into the above-mentioned labyrinth cavity.

[0043] See also Figure 3In this embodiment, taking the example of a groove provided on the floating oil seal seat 40 and a protrusion provided on the output flange 50, a first groove 401, a second groove 402, and a third groove 403 are respectively formed on the side where the floating oil seal seat 40 connects to the output flange 50. Correspondingly, a first protrusion 501, a second protrusion 502, and a third protrusion 503 are respectively formed on the side where the output flange 50 connects to the floating oil seal seat 40. The first protrusion 501 fits in the first groove 401, the second protrusion 502 fits in the second groove 402, and the third protrusion 503 fits in the third groove 403.

[0044] Therefore, when the area of ​​the sealing plane of a single sealing unit is the same as that of the sealing plane of a single sealing unit in the prior art, the total area of ​​the sealing plane of the sealing unit in this embodiment is increased, thereby improving the ability of the sealing structure to prevent external foreign matter and impurities from invading the interior of the mechanical equipment, and reducing the occurrence rate of failures such as damage and oil leakage of the floating oil seal 70 due to the invasion of external foreign matter and impurities.

[0045] Further, at least one of the plurality of grooves has a depth and / or width different from those of the other grooves.

[0046] Continue reading Figure 3 Continuing with the example of a groove provided on the floating oil seal seat 40 and a protrusion provided on the output flange 50, the depth and width of the third groove 403 are different from the depths and widths of the first groove 401 and the third groove 403. Specifically, the depth of the third groove 403 is less than the depths of the first groove 401 and the second groove 402, while the width of the third groove 403 is greater than the widths of the third groove 402. It should be emphasized that the depth and width of the first groove 401 and the second groove 402 are the same here, but this is not a limitation, and the depths and / or widths of the first groove 401 and the second groove 402 may also be different.

[0047] Therefore, since the depth and / or width of the groove can be set differently, correspondingly, the height and / or width of the protrusion can also be set differently. With the cooperation of these grooves and protrusions, the labyrinth cavity structure provided in this embodiment is more complex and tortuous, and after grease is injected into the interior through the grease channel, the floating oil seal 70 can be completely isolated from the outside world, and the sealing performance is qualitatively improved.

[0048] In particular, the vertical cross-section of the groove along its extension direction can be rectangular, and correspondingly, the vertical cross-section of the protrusion along its extension direction can also be rectangular. To improve sealing performance, the groove can also be configured as a triangle, O-shape, Ω-shape, or other shapes. However, it should be noted that when the groove shape is non-rectangular or non-triangular, the corresponding protrusion should preferably be made of a flexible material to facilitate its insertion into the groove to form a sealing unit.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment is the second embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the first embodiment, this embodiment provides a reducer. It should be noted that the reducer provided in this embodiment can be a cutting reducer or other types of reducers. For example, cutting reducers are often used in tunnel boring machines, requiring long periods of continuous operation and placing extremely high demands on sealing performance. Therefore, the reducer provided in this embodiment includes the sealing structure described in the first embodiment.

[0051] See also Figure 2 The reducer provided in this embodiment specifically also includes components such as a housing 10, a ring gear 20, a bearing seat 30, a bearing assembly 80, and an output shaft 60. Among them, the ring gear 20 is connected to one side of the housing 10, and the ring gear 20 can be fixedly connected to the housing 10 by bolts. The bearing seat 30 is connected to the ring gear 20, and the bearing seat 30 can also be fixedly connected to the ring gear 20 by bolts. The floating oil seal seat 40 is connected to the bearing seat 30, and the floating oil seal seat 40 can also be fixedly connected to the bearing seat 30 by bolts. In addition, the bearing assembly 80 is installed on the bearing seat 30, specifically, its outer ring is fixedly connected to the installation side of the bearing seat 30. The output shaft 60 is connected to the inner ring of the bearing assembly 80, and can be installed in conjunction with the inner ring of the bearing assembly 80 through an external spline. The output flange 50 is connected to the output shaft 60. Specifically, the output flange 50 can be provided with an internal spline, and the output shaft 60 can be provided with an external spline. The internal and external splines cooperate to achieve a fixed connection between the output flange 50 and the output shaft 60 to transmit torque. It can be seen that the housing 10, ring gear 20, bearing seat 30, bearing assembly 80, output shaft 60, and output flange 50 are connected in sequence and, in conjunction with the sealing structure provided in Example 1, form a complete reducer.

[0052] In particular, see Figure 1The reducer provided in this embodiment also includes a grease tube 90 and a grease inlet 101, wherein the grease tube 90 can be arranged inside the reducer, and the grease inlet 101 can be arranged on the housing. The housing 10, the ring gear 20, and the bearing seat 30 are all provided with grease channels, and are connected in sequence. That is, one end of the grease channel of the housing 10 is connected to one end of the grease channel of the ring gear 20, and the other end of the grease channel of the ring gear 20 is connected to one end of the grease channel of the bearing seat 30. In addition, the other end of the grease channel of the housing 10 is connected to one end of the grease tube 90, and the other end of the grease tube 90 is connected to the grease inlet 101, and the other end of the grease channel of the bearing seat 30 is connected to the grease channel on the floating oil seal seat 40, ultimately forming a total grease channel. The grease injected from the grease inlet 101 passes through the grease tube 90 and is continuously injected into the labyrinth cavity of the sealing structure through these grease channels, so that the labyrinth cavity is always filled with grease.

[0053] During operation, the housing 10 , the ring gear 20 , the bearing seat 30 , the floating oil seal seat 40 , and the grease tube 90 are fixed, while the output flange 50 , the output shaft 60 , the bearing assembly 80 , and the floating oil seal 70 are rotatable.

[0054] Therefore, before the reducer provided in this embodiment is started, the labyrinth cavity is pre-filled with high-temperature resistant grease, which completely isolates external impurities such as mud, sand, and rock particles from the floating oil seal 70. After the reducer is started, the output flange 50 and the output shaft 60 rotate. As the operating time increases, the grease on the periphery of the labyrinth cavity will slowly drain and become contaminated. However, at the same time, the grease is continuously and slowly input from the grease inlet and continuously replenished to the labyrinth cavity through the various grease channels, so that the labyrinth cavity is always in a state of being filled with grease, and external foreign matter and impurities are always isolated from the outside and cannot contact the floating oil seal 70. This fundamentally solves the problem of foreign matter entering the reducer and damaging the floating oil seal 70 and other seals and leaking oil. In addition, the sealing structure can continuously replenish grease without stopping the machine, ensuring that its labyrinth cavity is always filled with clean grease, which can always isolate foreign matter from the outside and ensure the safe operation of the reducer for a long time.

[0055] In addition, the grease in the maze cavity can be polyurea grease, extreme pressure lithium-based grease, etc. The grease in this embodiment is preferably made of urea compound thickened synthetic oil, and is refined with various additives such as extreme pressure anti-wear, anti-oxidation, anti-leakage, and anti-rust. It is more suitable for mechanical equipment with higher loads such as reducers, and can effectively solve the problems of oil leakage and wear of the equipment.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment is the third embodiment of the present utility model. Different from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides an engineering machinery, which includes the sealing structure described in Embodiment 1 or the reducer described in Embodiment 2, which can effectively improve the sealing performance of the reducer inside the engineering machinery.

[0058] Specifically, the engineering machinery may be a pump truck, an excavator, a crane, etc. In this embodiment, the engineering machinery may also be a tunnel boring machine used for tunnel excavation. The reducer used in the tunnel boring machine is a cutting reducer, which has extremely high requirements for sealing performance under non-stop working conditions.

[0059] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0060] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reducer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sealing structure, wherein the sealing structure comprises a floating oil seal seat (40), an output flange (50), and a floating oil seal (70) provided between the floating oil seal seat (40) and the output flange (50); a gap is provided between the floating oil seal seat (40) and the output flange (50) to form a labyrinth cavity arranged around the outer periphery of the floating oil seal (70); the floating oil seal seat (40) is also provided with a grease channel connected to the labyrinth cavity to conduct the grease into the labyrinth cavity; The floating oil seal seat (40) is provided with a plurality of grooves, the output flange (50) is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions and the plurality of grooves are snap-fitted to form the labyrinth cavity; or The floating oil seal seat (40) is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the output flange (50) is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the plurality of grooves and the plurality of protrusions are snap-fitted to form the labyrinth cavity; At least one of the plurality of grooves has a depth and / or width different from those of the other grooves; The invention also includes a housing (10), a ring gear (20), a bearing seat (30), a bearing assembly (80) and an output shaft (60), wherein the ring gear (20) is connected to the housing (10), the bearing seat (30) is connected to the ring gear (20), the floating oil seal seat (40) is connected to the bearing seat (30), the bearing assembly (80) is mounted on the bearing seat (30), the output shaft (60) is connected to the inner ring of the bearing assembly (80), and the output flange (50) is connected to the output shaft (60); the floating oil seal (70) includes a first sealing ring (701) and a second sealing ring (702) that can rotate relative to each other, the first sealing ring (701) is connected to the floating oil seal seat (40), and the second sealing ring (702) is connected to the output flange (50).

2. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a grease tube (90) provided inside the reducer and a grease inlet (101) provided on the housing. The housing (10), the ring gear (20) and the bearing seat (30) are all provided with grease channels, which are connected in sequence. The grease channel on the housing (10) is connected to the grease inlet (101) through the grease tube (90), and the grease channel on the bearing seat (30) is connected to the grease channel on the floating oil seal seat (40).

3. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the extending direction of the groove, the vertical cross-section of the groove is rectangular.

4. An engineering machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises the reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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