Bidirectional powder spreading device applied to 3d printing and 3d printing equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of 3d printing, and discloses a bidirectional powder spreading device applied to 3d printing and 3d printing equipment, the bidirectional powder spreading device comprises a tool apron, a scraper part, a powder storage assembly and a driving assembly, the tool apron is provided with two powder passing channels; the scraper piece is located between the two powder passing channels. The powder storage assembly comprises a fence piece, an opening and closing piece and an elastic piece, the opening and closing piece abuts against the tool apron through the elastic piece, a powder storage cavity is defined by the opening and closing piece and the tool apron, and an outlet can be formed in the bottom of the powder storage cavity by rotating the opening and closing piece; the driving assembly is connected with the opening and closing piece to drive the opening and closing piece to rotate. Powder storage or powder falling of the powder storage cavity is achieved through swing control of the opening and closing piece, the structure is simple, the action range is small, stability is high, and the arrangement cost of the two-way powder laying device can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a two-way powder spreading device and 3D printing equipment applied to 3D printing. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing (additive manufacturing) is a new product processing method that has emerged in recent years. Its principle is to evenly spread powder on a forming substrate through a powder feeding and spreading mechanism. Lasers and other energy sources are then used to melt the powder in specific geometric areas of the surface, creating a metallurgical bond. This process is repeated repeatedly: the forming substrate lowers, the powder spreading mechanism spreads the powder, and the laser sintering forms the final three-dimensional part. In this process, the efficiency of the powder spreading directly affects the product's forming efficiency. To improve this efficiency, a two-way powder spreading mechanism is currently commonly used in the market. There are two forms of the single-scraper two-way powder spreading structure currently used in the market. One is to set upper powder feeding modules on both sides of the forming cavity, and the scraper seat moves back and forth between the two upper powder feeding modules to achieve two-way material receiving and powder spreading. This type of powder spreading structure has high cost, occupies a large space, and has many limitations. The other is to set an upper powder feeding module on one side of the forming cavity, and set selectively openable powder dropping channels on both sides of the scraper seat. After the scraper main structure runs to the other side of the forming cavity, the powder dropping channel is switched by external force or by collision of the sliding block, and the temporarily stored powder falls to the other side of the forming cavity, realizing single-scraper two-way powder spreading. However, this type of powder spreading structure generally has the problem of complex structure, and the collision-opened form is prone to jamming and blocking, which also has a certain impact on the stability of the scraper seat. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing, which has a simple structure and a small movement amplitude, can effectively reduce the layout cost of the bidirectional powder spreading device and improve the structural stability.

[0004] To achieve this object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing, comprising a knife holder, a scraper member, a powder storage assembly and a drive assembly, the knife holder being provided with two powder passing channels, the powder passing channels passing through the knife holder in a vertical direction; the scraper member being detachably connected to the knife holder and being located between the two powder passing channels; the powder storage assembly comprising a blocking member, an opening and closing member and an elastic member, the blocking member being arranged in one of the powder passing channels, the opening and closing member being rotatably connected to the knife holder and being located on one side of the blocking member, the opening and closing member being in contact with the knife holder through the elastic member and surrounding the knife holder to form a powder storage chamber, the powder storage chamber being connected to the top opening of the corresponding powder passing channel, and rotating the opening and closing member can form an outlet at the bottom of the powder storage chamber; the drive assembly is connected to the opening and closing member to drive the opening and closing member to rotate.

[0005] Preferably, one of the enclosure and the opening and closing member is provided with a protrusion, and the other is provided with a pressing surface. The protrusion and the pressing surface abut and form the bottom wall of the powder storage chamber, and the top surface of the protrusion is inclined downward near one end of the pressing surface.

[0006] Preferably, a first sealing strip is provided on a side of the protrusion facing the pressing surface, and the protrusion is in contact with the pressing surface via the first sealing strip.

[0007] Preferably, a side of the opening and closing member facing away from the enclosure member is provided with a avoidance portion, and the avoidance portion is used to avoid the inner wall of the knife seat.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic member includes two tension springs, which are respectively installed at both ends of the knife seat, and the two ends of the bottom of the opening and closing member are respectively connected with fixing pins, and the fixing pins are correspondingly connected to the tension springs.

[0009] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a pendulum block and a fixed block, the fixed block is installed at a preset position of the substrate to be powdered, the pendulum block and the knife holder are rotatably connected and fixed to the opening and closing piece, and the knife holder can move toward the preset position so that the fixed block pushes the pendulum block and forms the outlet at the preset position.

[0010] Preferably, along the moving direction of the tool holder, the bottom end of the swing block is offset in a direction away from the fixed block.

[0011] Preferably, the powder passing channel includes a guide hole, which is opened on the top surface of the knife seat, and the guide hole is used to guide the powder material to be spread into the powder passing channel.

[0012] Preferably, the top surface of the blade holder is provided with a slot, the scraper member and the slot are plugged into each other, the scraper member is provided with a rotatable handle, and the top surface of the scraper member is provided with a receiving groove, the handle can be received in the receiving groove so that the top surface of the blade holder and the top surface of the scraper member are flush.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing device with a simple structure and a small movement range, which can effectively reduce the layout cost of the two-way powder spreading device and improve the structural stability.

[0014] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a 3D printing device, comprising an upper powder feeding module, a sliding mechanism and the above-mentioned bidirectional powder spreading device applied to 3D printing, wherein the upper powder feeding module is located above the bidirectional powder spreading device applied to 3D printing, and the sliding mechanism includes a slider, which is connected to the bidirectional powder spreading device applied to 3D printing.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: by setting up a powder storage component, the knife seat can store part of the powder through the powder storage chamber formed by the powder storage component. During the powder spreading process, the two-way powder spreading device can first drop the powder through the powder passage where the powder storage component is not set, and then perform the first powder scraping operation through the scraper. After the scraper moves a preset distance, the driving component controls the opening and closing component to rotate, thereby forming an outlet at the bottom of the powder storage chamber, so that part of the powder stored in the powder storage chamber falls down, and then the scraper is reset and performs the second powder scraping operation, realizing single scraper two-way powder spreading. The powder storage or powder dropping of the powder storage chamber is achieved by the swing control of the opening and closing component. Compared with the traditional collision opening structure, it has a simple structure, a small movement amplitude, high stability, is not easy to get stuck, and can effectively reduce the layout cost of the two-way powder spreading device. In addition, by setting an elastic part, the elastic force of the elastic part drives the opening and closing part to abut against the knife seat, which can ensure the structural stability of the powder storage chamber and avoid the problem of powder leakage during the first powder scraping process. The opening and closing part can be quickly reset after the powder storage chamber has dropped all the powder, so that the two-way powder spreading device can directly go to the powder dropping position to receive the powder after spreading the powder, which is more flexible.

[0016] The utility model also provides a 3D printing with a simple structure and a small movement range, which can effectively reduce the layout cost of the two-way powder spreading device and improve the structural stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a two-way powder spreading device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the powder storage assembly of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a closed schematic diagram of the powder storage chamber of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the powder storage chamber of the utility model when it is opened;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a front view of the bidirectional powder spreading device of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a rear view of the bidirectional powder spreading device of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a top view of the bidirectional powder spreading device of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Cross-section at AA in the middle.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 100, knife seat; 110, powder feeding channel; 111, guide hole; 120, slot; 130, bearing seat; 140, groove; 141, elongated hole; 150, cover plate;

[0027] 200, scraper; 210, blade body; 211, receiving groove; 212, positioning platform; 220, blade head; 230, handle;

[0028] 300, powder storage assembly; 310, enclosure; 311, protrusion; 312, first sealing strip; 313, side plate; 314, second sealing strip; 320, opening and closing member; 321, pressing surface; 322, avoidance portion; 323, fixing pin; 330, elastic member; 340, powder storage chamber; 350, outlet;

[0029] 400, driving assembly; 410, pendulum block; 420, fixed block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing provided according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tool holder 100, a scraper member 200, a powder storage assembly 300 and a drive assembly 400. The tool holder 100 is in a cubic shape and is provided with two powder passages 110. The powder passages 110 extend along the length direction of the tool holder 100, and the two powder passages 110 are spaced apart along the width direction of the tool holder 100. The powder passages 110 pass through the tool holder 100 in a vertical direction, that is, the top and bottom of the powder passages 110 are both open.

[0035] The scraper 200 is detachably connected to the blade holder 100 and is located between the two powder passages 110. Optionally, the scraper 200 includes a blade body 210 and a blade head 220, wherein the blade body 210 is detachably connected to the blade holder 100 and the blade head 220 is detachably mounted on the bottom end of the blade body 210 and protrudes from the bottom surface of the blade holder 100.

[0036] The powder storage assembly 300 includes a blocking member 310, an opening and closing member 320 and an elastic member 330. The blocking member 310 is fixedly installed in one of the powder passing channels 110. The blocking member 310 is a semi-enclosed structure with an open top. The opening and closing member 320 is rotatably connected to the knife holder 100 and is located on one side of the blocking member 310. The elastic member 330 is connected to the opening and closing member 320 to drive the opening and closing member 320 to abut against the knife holder 100. The opening and closing member 320 and the knife holder 100 are arranged to form a powder storage chamber 340. The top of the powder storage chamber 340 is open and thus communicated with the top opening of the corresponding powder passing channel 110. Rotating the opening and closing member 320 can form an outlet 350 at the bottom of the powder storage chamber 340; the driving assembly 400 is connected to the opening and closing member 320 to drive the opening and closing member 320 to rotate. Optionally, the elastic member 330 may be a rubber block, a spring, etc. arranged between the side of the opening and closing member 320 facing away from the enclosure member 310 and the inner wall of the tool holder 100, and the driving assembly 400 may be a micro motor installed on the tool holder 100 and connected to the opening and closing member 320 for transmission, etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0037] It can be understood that, by providing the powder storage component 300, the knife seat 100 can store part of the powder through the powder storage cavity 340 formed by the powder storage component 300. During the powder spreading process of the two-way powder spreading device, the knife seat 100 moves to the bottom of the upper powder feeding module, and the top opening of the powder passage 110 without the powder storage component 300 is opposite to the discharge port of the upper powder feeding module. The knife seat 100 first drops the powder through the powder passage 110 without the powder storage component 300, and then the external driving device drives the knife seat 100 to move (in this embodiment, the moving direction of the knife seat 100 is defined as perpendicular to the powder passage 110 0's length direction, that is, the moving direction of the knife holder 100 is parallel to its own width direction), the knife holder 100 drives the scraper member 200 to move, so that the cutter head 220 performs the first powder scraping operation. After the scraper member 200 moves a preset distance, the driving assembly 400 controls the opening and closing member 320 to rotate, thereby forming an outlet 350 at the bottom of the powder storage chamber 340, so that part of the powder stored in the powder storage chamber 340 falls down, and then the external driving device drives the knife holder 100 to move in the opposite direction, and the knife holder 100 drives the scraper member 200 to reset, so that the cutter head 220 performs the second powder scraping operation, thereby realizing single scraper and two-way powder spreading.

[0038] The powder storage or powder dropping of the powder storage chamber 340 is achieved by the swing control of the opening and closing member 320. Compared with the traditional collision opening structure, the powder storage assembly 300 has a simple structure, a small movement amplitude, high stability, and is not easy to get stuck and blocked, which can effectively reduce the layout cost of the two-way powder spreading device. In addition, by providing an elastic member 330, the elastic force of the elastic member 330 drives the opening and closing member 320 to abut against the knife seat 100, which can ensure the structural stability of the powder storage chamber 340 and avoid the problem of powder leakage during the first scraping process. Moreover, after the powder storage chamber 340 has dropped all the powder, the opening and closing member 320 can be quickly reset, so that the two-way powder spreading device can directly go to the powder dropping position to receive the powder after spreading the powder, which is more flexible.

[0039] Reference Figures 2 to 4 As shown, it can be understood that one of the enclosure 310 and the opening and closing member 320 is provided with a protrusion 311, and the other is provided with a vertical pressure surface 321, the protrusion 311 is protruded toward the pressure surface 321, the protrusion 311 and the pressure surface 321 abut and form the bottom wall of the powder storage chamber 340, illustratively, the protrusion 311 can be provided on the side of the enclosure 310 facing the opening and closing member 320, and the pressure surface 321 is provided on the side of the opening and closing member 320 facing the enclosure 310, or the protrusion 311 can be provided on the side of the opening and closing member 320 facing the enclosure 310, and the pressure surface 321 is provided on the side of the enclosure 310 facing the opening and closing member 320. The opening and closing member 320 is rotated to separate the protrusion 311 and the pressing surface 321. At this time, the gap between the protrusion 311 and the pressing surface 321 is the outlet 350 for the powder to fall. The top surface of the protrusion 311 close to the pressing surface 321 is tilted downward.

[0040] The top surface of the protrusion 311 is set to be inclined. When the opening and closing part 320 rotates and forms the outlet 350, the inclined top surface of the protrusion 311 and the pressure surface 321 form a funnel structure above the outlet 350, thereby guiding the powder to quickly enter the outlet 350, avoiding the powder from remaining in the powder storage chamber 340, and ensuring the powder spreading quality of the two-way powder spreading device.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it can be understood that a first sealing strip 312 is provided on the side of the protrusion 311 facing the pressing surface 321 . The first sealing strip 312 is arranged along the length direction of the tool holder 100 , and the protrusion 311 is in contact with the pressing surface 321 through the first sealing strip 312 .

[0042] By setting the first sealing strip 312, the pressing surface 321 abuts against the first sealing strip 312 under the action of the elastic member 330. The first sealing strip 312 absorbs the shape error between the protrusion 311 and the pressing surface 321, fills the gap between the protrusion 311 and the pressing surface 321, ensures the closedness of the bottom of the powder storage chamber 340, avoids powder leakage from the powder storage chamber 340, further improves the structural stability of the powder storage chamber 340, and ensures the powder spreading quality of the two-way powder spreading device.

[0043] It should be added that the enclosure 310 is further provided with side panels 313 at both ends along the length direction of the knife holder 100. The side panels 313 can abut against the opening and closing member 320 and form the side wall of the powder storage chamber 340. The side panel 313 facing the opening and closing member 320 is further provided with a second sealing strip 314. The second sealing strip 314 is arranged in the vertical direction. The effect of the second sealing strip 314 can be referred to the previous description of the first sealing strip 312 and will not be repeated here.

[0044] Furthermore, an avoidance portion 322 is provided on the side of the opening and closing member 320 facing away from the enclosure member 310. Specifically, the avoidance portion 322 is an inclined structure provided at the bottom end of the side wall of the opening and closing member 320 facing away from the enclosure member 310. The avoidance portion 322 is used to avoid the inner wall of the knife holder 100.

[0045] By setting the avoidance portion 322, the width of the bottom end of the opening and closing member 320 can be reduced, thereby avoiding interference between the opening and closing member 320 and the inner wall of the knife holder 100 during the rotation of the opening and closing member 320, affecting the rotation of the opening and closing member 320 and then affecting the opening angle of the outlet 350, ensuring the powder falling efficiency of the powder storage chamber 340, and effectively improving the structural rationality of the powder storage assembly 300.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, it can be understood that the driving assembly 400 includes a pendulum block 410 and a fixed block 420. The fixed block 420 is installed at a preset position of the substrate to be powdered (i.e., in the cavity of the 3D printing equipment, the powder dropping position on the other side of the molding cavity corresponding to the position of the powder feeding module on one side of the molding cavity). The pendulum block 410 is rotatably connected to the tool holder 100 through the bearing seat 130 and is fixed to the opening and closing member 320. The tool holder 100 can move toward the preset position under the drive of an external driving device, so that the fixed block 420 pushes the pendulum block 410 and drives the opening and closing member 320 to rotate, thereby forming an outlet 350 at the preset position.

[0047] The driving component 400 is set as a pendulum block 410 and a fixed block 420. On the one hand, it can simplify the starting component structure, facilitate the arrangement and use of the driving component 400, and reduce the production cost of the two-way powder spreading device; on the other hand, the pendulum block 410 and the fixed block 420 do not have a complex electrical structure, so that the two-way powder spreading device is a purely mechanical structure. The bottom outlet 350 of the powder storage chamber 340 is opened and closed by the mechanical action between the pendulum block 410, the fixed block and the opening and closing member 320, thereby ensuring the working stability of the two-way powder spreading device and reducing the subsequent maintenance cost.

[0048] Furthermore, along the moving direction of the tool holder 100 (ie, the width direction of the tool holder 100 , ie, the direction in which the pendulum block 410 points toward the fixed block 420 ), the bottom end of the pendulum block 410 deviates in a direction away from the fixed block 420 .

[0049] Because pendulum block 410 is rotatably connected to bearing seat 130 on tool holder 100, when fixed block 420 pushes pendulum block 410, it rotates around the center of bearing seat 130. This causes the thrust exerted by fixed block 420 on pendulum block 410 to generate a radial force component acting on the rotating shaft of pendulum block 410. Angleing the bottom end of pendulum block 410 reduces the radial force component generated by the thrust of fixed block 420, enabling pendulum block 410 to rotate quickly and smoothly, improving the smoothness of powder spreading in the bidirectional powder spreading device. This also reduces the stress on the rotating shaft of pendulum block 410, extending the service life of pendulum block 410.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it is understood that the elastic member 330 includes two horizontal tension springs, one mounted at each end of the knife holder 100. For example, when the knife holder 100 is long or the powder passage 110 is short, the tension spring can be mounted on the inner wall of the knife holder 100 and located outside the powder passage 110. When the knife holder 100 is short or the powder passage 110 is long, the tension spring can be located on the outer wall of the knife holder 100. Fixed pins 323 are connected to the two ends of the bottom of the opening and closing member 320, and the fixed pins 323 are connected to the tension springs accordingly.

[0051] The elastic member 330 is set as a tension spring. While ensuring that the elastic member 330 provides a stable elastic force, the tension spring can be installed using a fixing pin 323, which effectively simplifies the structure of the elastic member 330, facilitates the assembly and use of the elastic member 330, and improves the assembly convenience of the two-way powder spreading device.

[0052] It should be noted that when the tension spring is disposed on the outer wall of the blade holder 100, the outer wall of the blade holder 100 is provided with a groove 140 for accommodating the tension spring and an elongated hole 141 for the fixing pin 323 to pass through and move. The elongated hole 141 is formed in the bottom wall of the groove 140. Furthermore, the blade holder 100 is connected to a removable cover 150 that covers the groove 140 to conceal the tension spring and fixing pin 323, thereby ensuring a neat appearance of the blade holder 100 and improving its aesthetics.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, it can be understood that the powder passage 110 includes a guide hole 111 , which is opened on the top surface of the knife holder 100 , and is used to guide the powder to be spread into the powder passage 110 .

[0054] By setting the guide hole 111, when the knife seat 100 receives the powder under the upper powder feeding module, the guide hole 111 can guide the powder to quickly enter the powder passage 110, avoid powder accumulation, reduce the amount of powder residue on the top surface of the knife seat 100, achieve rapid material dropping, and further improve the smoothness of the two-way powder spreading device.

[0055] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, it can be understood that the top surface of the blade holder 100 is provided with a slot 120, and the blade body 210 of the scraper member 200 is plugged into the slot 120. Optionally, positioning platforms 212 are provided at both ends of the blade body 210 along the length direction of the blade holder 100, and the slot 120 is configured as a stepped groove that matches the blade body 210. After the blade body 210 is inserted into the slot 120, the positioning platforms 212 can prevent the blade body 210 from moving downward in the vertical direction. The positioning platforms 212 can also be bolted to the blade holder 100 to improve the installation stability of the scraper member 200.

[0056] The scraper member 200 is provided with a rotatable handle 230, and the top surface of the scraper member 200 is provided with a receiving groove 211. The receiving groove 211 and the handle 230 match in shape. The handle 230 can be received in the receiving groove 211 so that the top surface of the blade holder 100 and the top surface of the scraper member 200 are flush.

[0057] The handle 230 allows the user to quickly remove the blade body 210 and replace the blade head 220, effectively improving the ease of assembly and disassembly of the scraper 200. The accommodating groove 211 conceals the handle 230, ensuring a simple and flat top surface for the blade holder 100. While maintaining the aesthetic appearance of the blade holder 100, it also prevents interference between the handle 230 and the discharge port of the upper powder feeding module, which could affect the movement of the blade holder 100 or the flow of powder into the powder channel, effectively improving the structural rationality of the scraper 200.

[0058] The present utility model also provides a 3D printing device, including an upper powder feeding module, a sliding mechanism and the above-mentioned bidirectional powder spreading device used for 3D printing. The upper powder feeding module is located above the bidirectional powder spreading device used for 3D printing. The sliding mechanism includes a slider, which is connected to the bidirectional powder spreading device used for 3D printing to drive the knife seat of the bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing to move back and forth in the direction from the swing block 410 to the fixed block 420.

[0059] The 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing. Therefore, the 3D printing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention also has the beneficial effects described in the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-way powder spreading device for 3D printing, characterized in that: include: The knife seat (100) is provided with two powder passages (110), and the powder passages (110) pass through the knife seat (100) in a vertical direction; a scraper member (200) detachably connected to the blade holder (100) and located between the two powder passing channels (110); A powder storage assembly (300) includes a blocking member (310), an opening and closing member (320) and an elastic member (330), wherein the blocking member (310) is arranged in one of the powder passing channels (110), the opening and closing member (320) is rotatably connected to the knife seat (100) and is located on one side of the blocking member (310), the opening and closing member (320) abuts against the knife seat (100) through the elastic member (330) and is surrounded by the knife seat (100) to form a powder storage chamber (340), the powder storage chamber (340) is communicated with the top opening of the corresponding powder passing channel (110), and the opening and closing member (320) is rotated to form an outlet (350) at the bottom of the powder storage chamber (340); A driving assembly (400) is connected to the opening and closing member (320) to drive the opening and closing member (320) to rotate.

2. The bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the enclosure (310) and the opening and closing member (320) is provided with a protruding portion (311), and the other is provided with a pressing surface (321). The protruding portion (311) and the pressing surface (321) abut against and form the bottom wall of the powder storage chamber (340). The top surface of the protruding portion (311) is inclined downward at one end close to the pressing surface (321).

3. The bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first sealing strip (312) is provided on the side of the protruding portion (311) facing the pressing surface (321), and the protruding portion (311) is in contact with the pressing surface (321) via the first sealing strip (312).

4. The bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A side of the opening and closing member (320) facing away from the enclosure member (310) is provided with an avoidance portion (322), and the avoidance portion (322) is used to avoid the inner wall of the knife seat (100).

5. The bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The elastic member (330) includes two tension springs, which are respectively installed at the two ends of the knife seat (100). The two ends of the bottom of the opening and closing member (320) are respectively connected with fixing pins (323), and the fixing pins (323) are correspondingly connected to the tension springs.

6. The bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (400) includes a swing block (410) and a fixed block (420), wherein the fixed block (420) is installed at a preset position of the substrate to be powdered, the swing block (410) is rotatably connected to the knife seat (100) and is fixedly connected to the opening and closing member (320), and the knife seat (100) can move toward the preset position so that the fixed block (420) pushes the swing block (410) and forms the outlet (350) at the preset position.

7. The bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Along the moving direction of the tool holder (100), the bottom end of the swing block (410) is offset in a direction away from the fixed block (420).

8. The bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder passage (110) comprises a guide hole (111), the guide hole (111) being opened on the top surface of the knife seat (100), and the guide hole (111) being used to guide the powder material to be spread into the powder passage (110).

9. The bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the blade seat (100) is provided with a slot (120), the scraper member (200) and the slot (120) are plugged into each other, the scraper member (200) is provided with a rotatable handle (230), the top surface of the scraper member (200) is provided with a receiving groove (211), and the handle (230) can be received in the receiving groove (211) so that the top surface of the blade seat (100) and the top surface of the scraper member (200) are flush. 10.3D printing equipment, characterized in that It comprises an upper powder feeding module, a sliding mechanism and a bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the upper powder feeding module is located above the bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing, and the sliding mechanism comprises a slider, which is connected to the bidirectional powder spreading device for 3D printing.

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