High-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control

Abstract

A high-performance encoder used for rail transit vehicle motor control comprises an outer shell, an inner shell, a PCB, a code disc, a bearing seat, a bearing, a transmission shaft, a transmission ring and an upper cover, the code disc and the PCB are vertically provided with protruding portions, the detected positions of the protruding portions of the code disc and the detected positions, not protruding, of the surface of the code disc are converted into presence / absence signals through a photoelectric sensor for transmission, and the signals are transmitted through the photoelectric sensor. A motor shaft of the driving motor is sleeved with the transmission ring, the transmission ring is connected with the motor shaft in an interference fit mode, a guide arc edge is arranged on the ring end face, close to the driving motor, of the transmission ring, and the motor shaft is automatically sleeved with the guide arc edge in the rotating process of the transmission ring. The photoelectric encoder has the advantages that the 90-degree right-angle coded disc design is adopted, and compared with a plane grating structure of a traditional photoelectric encoder, the size is reduced by about 20%; an integrated double-layer full-sealing design is adopted, so that dust and moisture are prevented from influencing normal work of the encoder; a convenient and rapid lead-in type installation structure eliminates installation errors and eccentricity, and the service life of the encoder is greatly prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of encoders for rail transit vehicle motors, in particular to a high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control. Background Art

[0002] Rail vehicle and industrial motor control systems rely on a large number of split, semi-sealed, and magnetic induction encoders due to limitations in mounting structure, space, and outdated technology. These products have long been susceptible to external interference, resulting in sporadic output signal distortion, frame loss, and signal advances and lags. They also suffer from distorted output waveforms and severe pulse distortion. They also have a narrow operating voltage range, leading to malfunction or burnout. They are bulky, inconvenient to install, and subject to large errors. Furthermore, they have poor sealing and are susceptible to dust and humidity, leading to operational anomalies. These issues have led to unstable and unreliable operation and high failure rates in rail vehicle and industrial motor control systems. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control, which is used to reduce the product volume and improve the accuracy, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] The utility model provides a high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control, comprising: an outer shell, an inner shell, a PCB board, a code disk, a bearing seat, a bearing, a transmission shaft, a transmission ring and an upper cover, wherein one side of the outer shell is opened and sealed by the upper cover, the inner shell is fixedly connected to the interior of the outer shell, the PCB board and the bearing seat are fixedly connected to the interior of the inner shell, the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat through a bearing, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the code disk and drives the code disk to rotate relative to the PCB board, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the motor shaft of the drive motor through the transmission ring, and the motor shaft of the drive motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the transmission ring, a photoelectric sensor for detecting the code disk is installed on the PCB board, and a protrusion perpendicular to the surface of the code disk is provided on the side opposite to the PCB board, and the detected position of the protrusion of the code disk and the non-protrusion position of the code disk surface are converted into a presence / absence signal for transmission by the photoelectric sensor.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two raised portions are spaced apart at an edge of the surface of the code disc, and two recessed portions are spaced apart at a recessed position between the two raised portions.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission ring is sleeved on the motor shaft of the drive motor and is connected to the motor shaft through interference fit. The ring end face of the transmission ring close to the drive motor is provided with a guide arc edge, and the guide arc edge is used to automatically sleeve the transmission ring onto the motor shaft during rotation.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the motor shaft is larger than the inner diameter of the transmission ring. When the transmission ring is inserted into the motor shaft under external force, the transmission ring will undergo elastic deformation. After being pushed into place, the transmission ring will firmly hold the motor shaft.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the end of the transmission ring close to the motor shaft is larger than the diameter of the end away from the motor shaft.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, anti-rotation side protrusions are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the transmission ring.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the code disc and the transmission ring is nylon plus glass fiber.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0012] 1. This utility model adopts a 90° right-angle code disk design, which is about 20% smaller than the traditional photoelectric encoder flat grating structure. It also adopts an integrated double-layer fully sealed design to avoid dust and moisture that affect the normal operation of the encoder. The convenient and fast import installation structure eliminates installation errors and eccentricity, greatly extending the service life of the encoder.

[0013] 2. The interference fit connection between the transmission ring and the motor shaft and the guided installation method of the utility model solve the problems of eccentricity, misalignment, looseness, and human operation errors in the traditional hollow shaft installation method, and avoid the encoder idling and slipping problems.

[0014] 3. The encoder of the present invention is mounted on the motor shaft through a guide arc designed on the end face of the transmission ring, which allows it to be quickly and accurately inserted into the motor shaft, ensuring that the encoder and the motor shaft are completely concentric and coaxial. The transmission ring is connected to the motor shaft in an interference fit manner. The outer diameter of the motor shaft is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the transmission ring. When the transmission ring is inserted into the motor shaft by external force, the transmission ring will undergo elastic deformation. After being pushed into place, the transmission ring firmly holds the motor shaft. This connection method is innovative, advanced, and practical. In addition, the anti-draft design of the transmission ring, with a large diameter at one end and a small diameter at the other end, ensures that the transmission ring will not accidentally fall out. A side protrusion structure is designed on the outer cylindrical surface of the transmission ring to prevent the transmission ring from dislocating or slipping during operation.

[0015] 3. The code disc and transmission ring of this utility model are made of nylon and glass fiber material, which has excellent mechanical strength, wear resistance, weather resistance and UV resistance, ensuring that the transmission mechanism does not loosen, slip or idle, and can work stably and reliably for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] By referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and with a more comprehensive understanding of the present invention, other objects and results of the present invention will become more clear and easy to understand. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the overall structure of this embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the code disk of this embodiment.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of the overall structure of the transmission ring of this embodiment.

[0020] The reference numerals therein include: outer shell 1, inner shell 2, PCB board 3, code disk 4, bearing seat 5, bearing 6, transmission shaft 7, transmission ring 8, upper cover 9, protrusion 10, recessed portion 11, anti-rotation side protrusion 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] See Figure 1-3 As shown, the present embodiment provides a high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control, comprising: an outer shell 1, an inner shell 2, a PCB board 3, a code disk 4, a bearing seat 5, a bearing 6, a transmission shaft 7, a transmission ring 8 and an upper cover 9. One side of the outer shell 1 is open and sealed by the upper cover 9, the inner shell 2 is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer shell 1, the PCB board 3 and the bearing seat 5 are fixedly connected to the inside of the inner shell 2, the transmission shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 5 through the bearing 6, one end of the transmission shaft 7 is fixedly connected to the code disk 4 and drives the code disk 4 to rotate relative to the PCB board 3, the other end of the transmission shaft 7 is connected to the motor shaft (not shown) of the drive motor through the transmission ring 8, and the motor shaft of the drive motor drives the transmission shaft 7 to rotate through the transmission ring 8, a photoelectric sensor for detecting the code disk 4 is installed on the PCB board 3, and a protrusion 10 perpendicular to the surface of the code disk 4 is provided on the side opposite to the PCB board 3. The position of the protrusion 10 of the code disk 4 and the non-protruding position on the surface of the code disk 4 are converted into a presence / absence signal for transmission by the photoelectric sensor. Among them, two raised portions 10 are spaced apart at the edge of the surface of the code disk 4, and two recessed portions 11 are separated by the recessed position between the two raised portions 10. The transmission ring 8 is sleeved on the motor shaft of the drive motor and is connected to the motor shaft with an interference fit. The ring end surface of the transmission ring 7 close to the drive motor is provided with a guide arc edge, which is used for the transmission ring 8 to automatically fit onto the motor shaft during rotation.

[0022] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the motor shaft is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the transmission ring 8. When the transmission ring 8 is inserted into the motor shaft by an external force, it elastically deforms. Once pushed into place, the transmission ring 8 firmly embraces the motor shaft. The diameter of the transmission ring 8 at the end closest to the motor shaft is larger than the diameter at the end further away from the motor shaft. Anti-rotation protrusions 12 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the transmission ring 8. The transmission ring 8 and the code wheel 4 are made of nylon and fiberglass.

[0023] The encoder operates as follows: The encoder is powered and mounted on the motor's rotating shaft. When the motor's output shaft begins to rotate, the encoder's drive shaft 7 also begins to rotate, driving the code disc 4 concentrically. A photoelectric sensor mounted on the PCB 3 detects the gaps and bumps on the code disc 4, converting the duration of these gaps and bumps into a regular electrical signal. This regular electrical signal describes the rotation of the rotating mechanism and is then output as a signal.

[0024] Working principle: By changing the code disk to a 90° concave-convex structure, namely the raised part 10 and the recessed part 11, it is convenient for the photoelectric sensor to vertically detect the concave-convex position, changing the structure of the traditional photoelectric encoder plane grating, and reducing the overall volume by about 20%. The encoder is mounted on the motor shaft through the guide arc designed on the end face of the transmission ring 8, which is quickly and accurately inserted into the motor shaft, ensuring that the encoder and the motor shaft are completely concentric and coaxial. The transmission ring 8 is connected to the motor shaft in an interference fit manner. The outer diameter of the motor shaft is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the transmission ring. When the transmission ring 8 is inserted into the motor shaft by external force, the transmission ring 8 will undergo elastic deformation. After being pushed into place, the transmission ring 8 firmly holds the motor shaft. In addition, the anti-draft design of the transmission ring 8 with a large diameter at one end and a small diameter at the other end ensures that the transmission ring 8 will not fall out accidentally, avoiding the risk of transmission failure. The outer cylindrical surface of the transmission ring 8 is designed with a side protrusion structure to prevent the transmission ring from misalignment and slipping during operation.

[0025] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control, characterized in that: include: An outer shell, an inner shell, a PCB board, a code disk, a bearing seat, a bearing, a transmission shaft, a transmission ring and an upper cover. The outer shell is opened on one side and sealed by the upper cover. The inner shell is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer shell. The PCB board and the bearing seat are fixedly connected to the inside of the inner shell. The transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat through a bearing. One end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the code disk and drives the code disk to rotate relative to the PCB board. The other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the motor shaft of the drive motor through the transmission ring. The motor shaft of the drive motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the transmission ring. A photoelectric sensor for detecting the code disk is installed on the PCB board. A raised portion perpendicular to the surface of the code disk is provided on the side opposite to the PCB board. The detected position of the raised portion of the code disk and the non-raised position of the code disk surface are converted into a presence / absence signal for transmission through the photoelectric sensor.

2. A high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two raised portions are spaced apart at the edge of the surface of the code disc, and two recessed portions are spaced apart at the recessed position between the two raised portions.

3. The high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission ring is sleeved on the motor shaft of the driving motor and is connected to the motor shaft through interference fit. The ring end surface of the transmission ring close to the driving motor is provided with a guide arc edge, and the guide arc edge is used for automatically sleeved on the motor shaft during the rotation of the transmission ring.

4. A high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the motor shaft is larger than the inner diameter of the transmission ring. When the transmission ring is inserted into the motor shaft under external force, the transmission ring will undergo elastic deformation. After being pushed into place, the transmission ring firmly holds the motor shaft.

5. The high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the end of the transmission ring close to the motor shaft is larger than the diameter of the end away from the motor shaft.

6. The high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control according to claim 3, characterized in that: Anti-rotation side protrusions are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the transmission ring.

7. The high-performance encoder for rail transit vehicle motor control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The code disc and the transmission ring are made of nylon and glass fiber.

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