Hydrogen fuel power supply device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel power supply device. The hydrogen fuel power supply device comprises a hydrogen release reactor, a cooling device, a gas-liquid separation device and a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the hydrogen release reactor is provided with a first outlet; the cooling device is provided with a first inlet and a second outlet; the gas-liquid separation device is provided with a second inlet, a third outlet and a water outlet; the hydrogen fuel cell is provided with a third inlet; the first inlet communicates with the first outlet through a gas-guide tube, the second outlet communicates with the second inlet through a gas-guide tube, and the third inlet communicates with the third outlet through a gas-guide tube. Mixed gas containing hydrogen and water vapor is discharged from the first outlet of the hydrogen release reactor and enters the cooling device through the first inlet through the gas guide pipe, the cooling device can cool the mixed gas containing hydrogen and water vapor, so that the water vapor is condensed into liquid water, and the liquid water enters the gas-liquid separation device from the second inlet through the gas guide pipe. Pure hydrogen can be obtained and supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell, so that the safety of the hydrogen fuel cell device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy and solid-state storage of hydrogen energy, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel power supply device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a secondary energy source that is abundant in source, green, low-carbon, and widely used. In the development of the hydrogen energy industry, the storage and transportation of hydrogen are key links connecting upstream hydrogen production and downstream hydrogen use. At present, hydrogen can be stored and transported in three ways: high-pressure gas, liquid, and solid. Among them, solid-state hydrogen storage has the advantages of high volume hydrogen storage density, good safety, and long storage time, and is considered to be the most promising hydrogen storage technology. Hydrolysis hydrogen storage material is a type of solid-state hydrogen storage material. Among the many hydrogen storage materials, hydrolysis hydrogen production material is an irreversible hydrogen storage material. It stores hydrogen in the form of a compound and produces high-purity hydrogen through a hydrolysis reaction. It is suitable for hydrogen production at the hydrogen use site, and the obtained hydrogen can be used as a hydrogen source for hydrogen fuel cells. Hydrogen production by hydrolysis has the following advantages: 1. Both mass hydrogen storage density and volume hydrogen storage density are high. For example, the theoretical mass hydrogen storage density of LiH, MgH2, AlH3, LiAlH4, and NaAlH4 exceeds 6%. At the same time, the volume hydrogen storage density of these materials is also higher than that of commercial high-pressure hydrogen storage. 2. Hydrogen production by hydrolysis is a spontaneous exothermic reaction that takes place at room temperature and pressure, and the hydrogen production equipment is relatively simple. 3. Hydrogen production materials by hydrolysis are easy to preserve, relatively safe, and convenient to store and transport.

[0003] However, the hydrogen generated in the hydrolysis process contains a large amount of water vapor. Supplying hydrogen containing water vapor to hydrogen fuel cells poses a major safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention provides a hydrogen fuel power supply device that can solve the technical problem in the related art that the purity of hydrogen produced by the water dehydrogenation reaction is low, resulting in low safety of hydrogen fuel cells. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] A hydrogen fuel power supply device, comprising:

[0007] a hydrogen release reactor having a first outlet;

[0008] a cooling device having a first inlet and a second outlet;

[0009] a gas-liquid separation device having a second inlet, a third outlet, and a drain outlet; and a hydrogen fuel cell having a third inlet;

[0010] The first inlet is communicated with the first outlet through an air duct, the second outlet is communicated with the second inlet through an air duct, and the third inlet is communicated with the third outlet through an air duct.

[0011] Optionally, the cooling device includes a cooling shell and a refrigeration element, the cooling shell has the first inlet and the second outlet; the refrigeration element includes a refrigeration portion, and the refrigeration portion is in contact with at least one side wall of the cooling shell.

[0012] Optionally, the cooling device further includes a flow channel located in the cooling shell, a first end of the flow channel is connected to the first inlet, and a second end of the flow channel is connected to the second outlet.

[0013] Optionally, the flow channel includes a first sub-channel, a second sub-channel, a third sub-channel, a fourth sub-channel, a fifth sub-channel and a sixth sub-channel arranged along the direction of gravity, and the first sub-channel, the second sub-channel, the third sub-channel, the fourth sub-channel, the fifth sub-channel and the sixth sub-channel are connected in series in sequence, the first sub-channel is connected to the first inlet, and the sixth sub-channel is connected to the second outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the first sub-channel, the second sub-channel, the third sub-channel, the fourth sub-channel, the fifth sub-channel and the sixth sub-channel all extend in a horizontal direction.

[0015] Optionally, the first sub-flow channel, the second sub-flow channel, the third sub-flow channel, the fourth sub-flow channel, the fifth sub-flow channel, and the sixth sub-flow channel are all cylindrical, and central axes of the first sub-flow channel, the second sub-flow channel, the third sub-flow channel, the fourth sub-flow channel, the fifth sub-flow channel, and the sixth sub-flow channel are located in a first vertical plane;

[0016] The refrigeration portion of the refrigeration element contacts a side wall of the cooling housing that is parallel to the first vertical plane.

[0017] Optionally, the refrigeration element includes a semiconductor refrigeration plate, a heat sink and a heat dissipation fan; the semiconductor refrigeration plate has a cooling surface and a heat dissipation surface, the cooling surface is in contact with at least one side wall of the cooling shell; the heat dissipation surface is in contact with the heat sink, and the heat dissipation fan is used to dissipate heat for the heat sink.

[0018] Optionally, the hydrogen fuel power supply device further includes an energy storage battery having a charging interface and a discharging interface, and the charging interface is electrically connected to the power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0019] Optionally, the hydrogen fuel power supply device also includes a pressure sensor, a solenoid valve and a main control board, and the pressure sensor and the solenoid valve are electrically connected to the main control board; the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure value of the gas in the air duct flowing through the second outlet and the second inlet, and send the pressure value to the main control board; the solenoid valve is connected to the air duct between the third outlet and the third inlet.

[0020] Optionally, the hydrogen fuel power supply device further includes a safety valve, which is connected to the air duct between the third outlet and the solenoid valve.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include at least:

[0022] A hydrogen fuel power supply device includes a hydrogen release reactor, a cooling device, a gas-liquid separation device, and a hydrogen fuel cell. A mixed gas containing hydrogen and water vapor is discharged from a first outlet of the hydrogen release reactor and enters the cooling device through a gas conduit via a first inlet. The cooling device cools the mixed gas containing hydrogen and water vapor, condensing the water vapor into liquid water. The hydrogen and liquid water are discharged from a second outlet and enter the gas-liquid separation device through the gas conduit via the second inlet. Hydrogen is discharged from a third outlet and supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell through the gas conduit, while liquid water is discharged from a drain outlet. This produces pure hydrogen and supplies it to the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby improving the safety of the hydrogen fuel cell device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a hydrogen fuel power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a cooling device in a hydrogen fuel power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a cooling device in a hydrogen fuel power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of the cooling shell of the cooling device.

[0028] In the above diagram:

[0029] 1-hydrogen release reactor; 11-first outlet; 2-cooling device; 21-first inlet; 22-second outlet; 23-cooling shell; 24-refrigeration element; 241-semiconductor refrigeration plate; 242-heat sink; 243-cooling fan; 25-flow channel; 251-first sub-flow channel; 252-second sub-flow channel; 253-third sub-flow channel; 254-fourth sub-flow channel; 255-fifth sub-flow channel; 256-sixth sub-flow channel; 3-gas-liquid separation device 3; 31-second inlet; 32-third outlet; 33-drain outlet; 4-hydrogen fuel cell; 41-third inlet; 5-energy storage battery; 6-pressure sensor; 7-solenoid valve; 8-safety valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The following description sets forth specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] Hydrogen can be stored and transported in three forms: high-pressure gas, liquid, and solid. Solid-state hydrogen storage offers advantages such as high volumetric hydrogen storage density, good safety, and long storage time. Common solid-state hydrogen storage materials include LiH, MgH2, AlH3, LiAlH4, and NaAlH4. Hydrolysis hydrogen storage materials are a type of solid-state hydrogen storage material. Among these materials, hydrolysis hydrogen production materials are irreversible. They store hydrogen in the form of compounds and produce hydrogen through a hydrolysis reaction. These materials are suitable for on-site hydrogen production, and the resulting hydrogen can be used as a source of hydrogen for hydrogen fuel cells.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a hydrogen fuel power supply device, including a hydrogen release reactor 1, a cooling device 2, a gas-liquid separation device 33, and a hydrogen fuel cell 4. The hydrogen release reactor 1 has a first outlet 11; the cooling device 2 has a first inlet 21 and a second outlet 22; the gas-liquid separation device 33 has a second inlet 31, a third outlet 32, and a drain 33; and the hydrogen fuel cell 4 has a third inlet 41. The first inlet 21 is connected to the first outlet 11 via an air duct, the second outlet 22 is connected to the second inlet 31 via an air duct, and the third inlet 41 is connected to the third outlet 32 ​​via an air duct.

[0034] In this application, hydrogen storage material and water are added to the hydrogen release reactor 1, and a hydrolysis reaction produces a mixed gas containing hydrogen and water vapor. Taking LiAlH4 as an example, the chemical reaction equation is:

[0035] LiAlH4+4H2O=LiOH+Al(OH)3↓+4H2↑

[0036] However, hydrogen fuel cell 4 requires pure hydrogen as fuel. In this embodiment, a gas mixture containing hydrogen and water vapor is discharged from first outlet 11 of hydrogen release reactor 1, passes through an air duct via first inlet 21, and enters cooling device 2. Cooling device 2 cools the gas mixture containing hydrogen and water vapor, condensing the water vapor into liquid water. The hydrogen and liquid water are then discharged from second outlet 22 and enter gas-liquid separation device 3 from second inlet 31 via an air duct. Hydrogen is discharged from third outlet 32 ​​and supplied to hydrogen fuel cell 4 via the air duct, while liquid water is discharged from drain outlet 33. Pure hydrogen is then obtained and supplied to hydrogen fuel cell 4, thereby improving the safety of the hydrogen fuel cell power supply device.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The cooling device 2 may include a cooling housing 23 and a refrigeration element 24. The cooling housing 23 has a first inlet 21 and a second outlet 22. The refrigeration element 24 includes a refrigeration portion that contacts at least one sidewall of the cooling housing 23. Thus, the refrigeration element 24 can cool the cooling housing 23. When a gas mixture containing hydrogen and water vapor flows through the cooling housing 23, the cooling housing 23 can cool the gas mixture, thereby converting the water vapor into liquid water, which then flows out through the second outlet 22.

[0038] For further information, please refer to Figure 4 The cooling device 2 may further include a flow channel 25 located within the cooling housing 23, wherein a first end of the flow channel 25 is connected to the first inlet 21, and a second end of the flow channel 25 is connected to the second outlet 22. In this case, when the mixed gas containing hydrogen and water vapor passes through the flow channel 25 within the cooling housing 23, heat is exchanged with the cooling housing 23, thereby condensing the water vapor into liquid water.

[0039] For example, the flow channel 25 may include a first sub-flow channel 251, a second sub-flow channel 252, a third sub-flow channel 253, a fourth sub-flow channel 254, a fifth sub-flow channel 255, and a sixth sub-flow channel 256 arranged along the direction of gravity, wherein the first sub-flow channel 251, the second sub-flow channel 252, the third sub-flow channel 253, the fourth sub-flow channel 254, the fifth sub-flow channel 255, and the sixth sub-flow channel 256 are connected in series in sequence. The first sub-flow channel 251 is connected to the first inlet 21, and the sixth sub-flow channel 256 is connected to the second outlet 22. By providing multiple sub-channels, and arranging the sub-channels along the direction of gravity, on the one hand, the travel distance of the hydrogen and water vapor mixture within the cooling shell 23 is extended, increasing the contact area between the hydrogen and water vapor mixture and the cooling shell 23, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the cooling device 2. On the other hand, the first sub-channel 251, the second sub-channel 252, the third sub-channel 253, the fourth sub-channel 254, the fifth sub-channel 255, and the sixth sub-channel 256 flow from top to bottom under the action of gravity, allowing liquid water condensed during the cooling process to flow smoothly out of the second outlet 22 under the action of gravity. It should be noted that the number of sub-channels is not limited to six. In other embodiments, the number of sub-channels can be increased or decreased according to actual conditions.

[0040] In the present application, the first sub-channel 251, the second sub-channel 252, the third sub-channel 253, the fourth sub-channel 254, the fifth sub-channel 255, and the sixth sub-channel 256 all extend horizontally. This distribution design can fully utilize the space within the cooling housing 23, thereby reducing the volume of the cooling housing 23 and improving the cooling efficiency of the cooling device 2.

[0041] To further improve the cooling efficiency of cooling device 2, first sub-channel 251, second sub-channel 252, third sub-channel 253, fourth sub-channel 254, fifth sub-channel 255, and sixth sub-channel 256 are all cylindrical, and their central axes lie within a first vertical plane. The cooling portion of refrigeration element 24 contacts the sidewall of cooling housing 23 parallel to the first vertical plane. In this case, the cooling portion and the first sub-channel 251, second sub-channel 252, third sub-channel 253, fourth sub-channel 254, fifth sub-channel 255, and sixth sub-channel 256 have a larger heat exchange surface, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0042] In this application, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The cooling element 24 may include a semiconductor cooling fin 241, a heat sink 242, and a cooling fan 243. The semiconductor cooling fin 241 has a cooling surface and a heat sink surface. The cooling surface contacts at least one side wall of the cooling housing 23; the heat sink surface contacts the heat sink 242. The heat sink 242 may be a heat sink fin made of aluminum. In other embodiments, other types of cooling elements 24 may be used, and this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0043] Optional, please refer to Figure 1 The hydrogen fuel cell power supply device may further include an energy storage battery 5 having a charging interface and a discharging interface, the charging interface being electrically connected to the power output terminal of the hydrogen fuel cell 4. The electricity generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 4 can be directly supplied to electrical appliances. When the hydrogen fuel cell 4 generates excess electricity, the excess electricity can be stored in the energy storage battery 5. When the hydrogen fuel cell 4 generates insufficient electricity, the energy storage battery 5 can output electricity for use by the electrical appliances, thereby improving the stability of the hydrogen fuel cell power supply device.

[0044] Optional, please refer to Figure 1 The hydrogen fuel power supply device may also include a pressure sensor 6, a solenoid valve 7 and a main control board 8. The pressure sensor 6 and the solenoid valve 7 are both electrically connected to the main control board; the pressure sensor 6 is used to monitor the pressure value of the gas flowing through the air duct between the second outlet 22 and the second inlet 31, and send the pressure value to the main control board 8; the solenoid valve 7 is connected to the air duct between the third outlet 32 ​​and the third inlet 41. Through such a design, the safety of the hydrogen fuel power supply device can be improved. For example, the solenoid valve 7 is in a normally closed state. When the pressure sensor 6 detects that the gas pressure generated by the hydrogen release reactor 1 is less than the minimum working pressure required by the hydrogen fuel cell 4, the main control board controls the solenoid valve 7 to close, and the hydrogen fuel cell 4 does not work. When the pressure sensor 6 detects that the gas pressure generated by the hydrogen release reactor 1 is greater than the minimum working pressure required by the hydrogen fuel cell 4, the main control board controls the solenoid valve 7 to open, and the hydrogen fuel cell 4 works.

[0045] Optional, please refer to Figure 1 To further enhance the safety of the hydrogen fuel cell power supply, the device may further include a safety valve 8, which may be connected to the gas conduit between the third outlet 32 ​​and the solenoid valve 7. Thus, when the pressure sensor 6 detects that the gas pressure generated by the hydrogen release reactor 1 exceeds the maximum operating pressure required by the hydrogen fuel cell 4, the main control board controls the safety valve 8 to open, releasing excess hydrogen, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell 4 remains within a safe pressure range.

[0046] Although this specification has provided a detailed description of the present invention using general instructions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made to the present invention. Therefore, such modifications or improvements, without departing from the scope of the present invention, are intended to fall within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel power supply device, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen release reactor (1), wherein the hydrogen release reactor (1) has a first outlet (11); A cooling device (2), the cooling device (2) having a first inlet (21) and a second outlet (22); A gas-liquid separation device (3), the gas-liquid separation device (3) having a second inlet (31), a third outlet (32) and a drain outlet (33); as well as A hydrogen fuel cell (4), the hydrogen fuel cell (4) having a third inlet (41); The first inlet (21) is communicated with the first outlet (11) through an air duct, the second outlet (22) is communicated with the second inlet (31) through an air duct, and the third inlet (41) is communicated with the third outlet (32) through an air duct.

2. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device (2) comprises a cooling shell (23) and a refrigeration element (24), wherein the cooling shell (23) has the first inlet (21) and the second outlet (22); the refrigeration element (24) comprises a refrigeration portion, and the refrigeration portion contacts at least one side wall of the cooling shell (23).

3. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling device (2) further comprises a flow channel (25) located in the cooling shell (23), wherein a first end of the flow channel (25) is in communication with the first inlet (21), and a second end of the flow channel (25) is in communication with the second outlet (22).

4. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow channel (25) includes a first sub-flow channel (251), a second sub-flow channel (252), a third sub-flow channel (253), a fourth sub-flow channel (254), a fifth sub-flow channel (255) and a sixth sub-flow channel (256) arranged along the direction of gravity, and the first sub-flow channel (251), the second sub-flow channel (252), the third sub-flow channel (253), the fourth sub-flow channel (254), the fifth sub-flow channel (255) and the sixth sub-flow channel (256) are connected in series in sequence, the first sub-flow channel (251) is connected to the first inlet (21), and the sixth sub-flow channel (256) is connected to the second outlet (22).

5. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first sub-channel (251), the second sub-channel (252), the third sub-channel (253), the fourth sub-channel (254), the fifth sub-channel (255) and the sixth sub-channel (256) all extend in a horizontal direction.

6. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first sub-flow channel (251), the second sub-flow channel (252), the third sub-flow channel (253), the fourth sub-flow channel (254), the fifth sub-flow channel (255), and the sixth sub-flow channel (256) are all cylindrical, and the central axes of the first sub-flow channel (251), the second sub-flow channel (252), the third sub-flow channel (253), the fourth sub-flow channel (254), the fifth sub-flow channel (255), and the sixth sub-flow channel (256) are located in a first vertical plane; The refrigeration portion of the refrigeration element (24) contacts a side wall of the cooling shell (23) parallel to the first vertical plane.

7. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigeration element (24) comprises a semiconductor refrigeration plate (241), a heat dissipation element (242) and a heat dissipation fan (243); the semiconductor refrigeration plate (241) has a refrigeration surface and a heat dissipation surface, the refrigeration surface contacts at least one side wall of the cooling shell (23); the heat dissipation surface contacts the heat dissipation element (242), and the heat dissipation fan (243) is used to dissipate heat for the heat dissipation element (242).

8. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel power supply device further comprises an energy storage battery (5), the energy storage battery (5) having a charging interface and a discharging interface, the charging interface being electrically connected to the power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell (4).

9. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel power supply device further comprises a pressure sensor (6), a solenoid valve (7) and a main control board, wherein the pressure sensor (6) and the solenoid valve (7) are both electrically connected to the main control board; the pressure sensor (6) is used to monitor the pressure value of the gas flowing through the air duct between the second outlet (22) and the second inlet (31), and to send the pressure value to the main control board; the solenoid valve (7) is connected to the air duct between the third outlet (32) and the third inlet (41).

10. The hydrogen fuel power supply device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel power supply device further comprises a safety valve (8), and the safety valve (8) is connected to the air guide pipe between the third outlet (32) and the solenoid valve (7).

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