Machining tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to a machining tool which comprises a tool body with a body central axis B for limiting the relative forward direction DF and the backward direction DR, and the tool body can spirally rotate around the body central axis B in the rotating direction R; the tool body comprises a cutting head which is provided with a first cutting edge used for machining a shaft hole in the circumferential direction, containing parts are formed in the tool body in the radial direction, the containing parts and the first cutting edge are arranged in a staggered mode in the circumferential direction, and a cutting base is further arranged in each containing part. The first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are arranged on the cutter body, synchronous machining of burrs and flow channels on a shaft hole can be met, and the adjusting module and the coolant joint chamber are matched to meet the machining requirements of different flow channels and precise cooling of the second cutting edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of cutting tools, in particular to a machining tool. Background Art

[0002] New energy vehicles are increasingly being used, with a wide variety of drive systems. In-wheel motors offer a compact transmission structure and fewer components, extending the range of new energy vehicles. However, in-wheel motors generate significant heat during operation, requiring coolant to cool the motor. A common method involves creating spiral cooling channels within the bearings, using the coolant within these channels to cool the motor. These channels within the bearings require the use of rotating tools to create these channels.

[0003] For example, a Chinese utility model patent with patent number CN202222614225.9 (publication number CN218311065U) "Tool for flow channel processing" discloses such a tool, including a tool handle, a tool head is provided at one end of the tool handle, and the tool head is provided with a first cutting edge, a second cutting edge, a third cutting edge and a fourth cutting edge for flow channel finishing. The two fifth cutting edges are provided on both sides of the flow channel finishing cutting edge and are at an angle of 170°-175° to trim and shape the surfaces on both sides of the flow channel to remove surface burrs. Figure 1 The figure shows a housing for mounting a bearing 1', wherein the inner surface of the bearing 1' is machined with a flow channel 2' for circulating coolant. However, during the machining of the bearing 1', not only the flow channel needs to be machined, but also the axial hole 3' of the bearing 1' has many burrs and needs to be polished. The above-mentioned tool has the following shortcomings: First, the tool can only be responsible for the machining of one flow channel, and the machining efficiency is low. If multiple flow channels are to be machined, the tool needs to switch the tool position and continue machining after machining the first flow channel 11'. Second, the tool cannot machine the axial hole 3' of the bearing 1', and needs to be coordinated with other tools to meet the machining requirements. The machining process requires tool change, which reduces the machining efficiency.

[0004] In addition, the cutting edge generates a lot of heat during the cutting process, and a coolant needs to be introduced to cool the cutting edge to increase its service life. However, the above-mentioned tool does not take the cooling problem into consideration, so the structure of the machining tool needs to be further improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a machining tool capable of machining the shaft hole and the flow channel of a bearing at the same time in response to the above-mentioned existing technical status.

[0006] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a processing tool that can meet the different flow channel processing requirements in view of the above-mentioned existing technical status.

[0007] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a machining tool capable of achieving precise cooling in response to the above-mentioned existing technical status, and is particularly suitable for a machining tool whose cutting edge position can be adjusted.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the first technical problem is as follows: the machining tool comprises:

[0009] A tool body having a body central axis B defining a relative forward direction DF and a rearward direction DR, and wherein said tool body is helically rotatable in a rotational direction R about said body central axis B; characterized in that:

[0010] The tool body comprises:

[0011] The cutting head is provided with a first cutting edge for machining the axial hole along the circumferential direction, and the tool body is formed with a receiving portion inwardly concave in the radial direction. Each of the receiving portions is staggered with the first cutting edge in the circumferential direction, and a cutting seat is also provided in each of the receiving portions, and the cutting seat is provided with a second cutting edge for machining the flow channel.

[0012] To improve processing efficiency, the first cutting edges are preferably arranged in groups, with each group of first cutting edges being arranged between adjacent receiving portions, and each group of first cutting edges comprising at least two first cutting edges. The first cutting edges are primarily used for machining the shaft hole, and the greater the number of cutting edges, the faster the grinding speed for burrs on the shaft hole.

[0013] To maximize the number of flow channels on the bearing's inner surface, the axial heights of the second cutting edges are preferably kept the same. Each second cutting edge is positioned at a different location on the cutting head, and the tool body rotates spirally. Each cutting edge has a different starting point, and spiral flow channels are created along its own starting point. When the axial distances between the second cutting edges are equal, the spacing between the flow channels is minimized, maximizing the number of flow channels that can be machined on the bearing's inner surface.

[0014] In order to solve the second technical problem, preferably, an adjustment module capable of adjusting the required axial and / or radial cutting dimensions of the second cutting edge is further provided in the housing. The adjustment module allows the machining dimensions of the flow channels on different bearings (such as the depth of the flow channels and the spacing between adjacent flow channels) to be changed as required. The depth of the flow channels is related to the radial positioning dimensions of the cutting edge on the tool. When the cutting edge is adjusted radially outward, the machining depth of the flow channels can be increased. The spacing between adjacent flow channels is related to the axial positioning dimensions of different cutting edges on the tool. The greater the difference in axial positioning dimensions, the greater the spacing between adjacent flow channels.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment module can drive the cutting seat to move axially or radially within the accommodating portion under the drive of an external force. Specifically, when the adjustment module drives the cutting edge to adjust radially, what changes is the radial positioning size of the cutting edge. When adjusting in the radial outward direction, the flow channel depth that the cutting edge can process becomes greater; when adjusting in the radial inward direction, the flow channel depth that the cutting edge can process becomes smaller. When the adjustment module drives the cutting edge to adjust axially, what changes is the spacing between adjacent flow channels. When the axial dimensions of each second cutting edge remain on the same horizontal line, the spacing between adjacent flow channels is the smallest; the greater the difference in the axial positioning dimensions of adjacent second cutting edges, the greater the spacing between adjacent flow channels.

[0016] In order to cool the cutting edge, preferably, a main cooling channel is provided in the tool body extending axially along the central axis B of the tool body. A primary cooling channel leading to the first cutting edge and a secondary cooling channel leading to the second cutting edge are provided downstream of the main cooling channel. The cutting edge generates a large amount of heat during the workpiece machining process. To prolong the service life of the tool, a coolant is required to cool the cutting edge. The coolant first flows into the main cooling channel and is divided at the end of the main cooling channel into each primary cooling channel and each secondary cooling channel. The coolant in the primary cooling channel flows to the first cutting edge, and the coolant in the secondary cooling channel flows to the second cutting edge.

[0017] To address the third technical issue, the cutting seat is preferably provided with a guide channel and a coolant engagement chamber. At least a portion of the coolant engagement chamber is capable of moving with the cutting seat and maintaining engagement with the guide channel and the secondary cooling channel. During the adjustment module's process of positioning and sizing the cutting edge, the relative position of the cutting edge and the cooling channel's outflow port changes. The provision of the coolant engagement chamber ensures engagement between the secondary cooling channel and the guide channel. That is, after positioning and sizing adjustments, the outflow port and the cutting edge maintain their original relative positional relationship, thereby ensuring precise cooling of the cutting edge.

[0018] To ensure the outflow of coolant, the first cooling channel is preferably provided with a first outlet at the end thereof, through which the coolant can be sprayed onto the first cutting edge; and the guide channel is provided with a second outlet at the end thereof, through which the coolant can be sprayed onto the second cutting edge. The coolant in the first cooling channel is sprayed outward from the first outlet to cool the first cutting edge; the coolant in the second cooling channel passes through the coolant junction chamber and the guide channel and is finally sprayed outward through the second outlet to cool the second cutting edge.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are that: the tool body is circumferentially provided with a first cutting edge for processing burrs on the shaft hole, and at the same time, the tool body is radially concave to form a receiving portion, the receiving portion is staggered with the first cutting edge, and the second cutting edge is arranged in the receiving portion through the cutting seat. The second cutting edge can perform flow channel processing on the inner surface of the bearing. With the cooperation of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge, the shaft hole and the flow channel of the bearing can be processed synchronously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a housing for mounting a bearing;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in another direction;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal sectional view of Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is another longitudinal cross-sectional view of Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment module in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of three-dimensional structure decomposition;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cutting seat according to Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bearing after processing in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 2 of the utility model

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bearing after processing according to Example 2 of the utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Tool body; 2. Cutting head; 21. Accommodation portion; 3. First cutting edge; 4. Second cutting edge; 5. Cutting seat; 51. Coolant coupling chamber; 52. First seat body; 521. Inclined surface; 53. Second seat body; 54. Vertical slot; 6. Main cooling channel; 7. Secondary cooling channel; 71. First cooling channel; 711. First outflow port; 72. Second cooling channel; 8. Guide channel; 81. Second outflow port; 9. Adjustment module; 91. First adjustment member; 911. Adjustment portion; 92. Second adjustment member; 10. Guide hole; 101. Straight section; 102. Contraction section; 11. Bearing; 12. Flow channel; 13. Shaft hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figures 2 to 10 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The machining tool comprises a tool body 1 having a central axis B defining a relative forward direction DF and a rearward direction DR, and the tool body 1 is capable of spirally rotating about the central axis B in a rotational direction R. The tool body 1 includes a cutting head 2, which is circumferentially provided with a first cutting edge 3 for machining an axial hole 13. The tool body 1 is radially concavely formed with a receiving portion 21. In this embodiment, to accommodate the number of tools, two receiving portions 21 are preferably provided, each accommodating portion 21 being staggered circumferentially from the first cutting edge 3. Each accommodating portion 21 also contains a cutting seat 5, which is provided with a second cutting edge 4 for machining a flow channel 12.

[0036] refer to Figures 2 to 4 The first cutting edges 3 are arranged in groups, and each group of first cutting edges 3 is arranged between adjacent accommodating portions 21. Each group of first cutting edges 3 includes at least two first cutting edges 3. The first cutting edges 3 are mainly used for processing the shaft hole 13. The more first cutting edges 3 there are, the faster the burrs on the shaft hole 13 can be polished. In this embodiment, on the basis of ensuring cutting efficiency, in order to save costs, each group of first cutting edges 3 is preferably two. Figure 2 and Figure 3The axial heights of the second cutting edges 4 remain the same, and the second cutting edges 4 are distributed at different positions of the cutting head 2. The tool body 1 rotates in a spiral shape. At this time, the starting points of the cutting edges are different, and spiral flow channels 12 are opened along their respective starting points. When the axial distances of the second cutting edges 4 are equal, the spacing between the flow channels 12 is the smallest, and the number of flow channels 12 that can be processed by the axial hole 13 is the largest. Figure 9 The burrs on the surface of the shaft hole 13 of the bearing 11 are processed smoothly by the first cutting edge 3 and the second cutting edge 4 , and two spiral flow channels 12 are arranged at intervals on the inner surface of the bearing 11 .

[0037] In addition, different workpieces have different processing requirements during the machining process. For example, the spacing requirements of the flow channels 12 on the inner surface of the bearing are different, or the processing depth requirements of the flow channels 12 are different. The spacing between different flow channels 12 needs to be achieved by adjusting the axial size of each first cutting edge 3; the processing depth of the flow channel 12 needs to be achieved by adjusting the radial size of the second cutting edge 4. In response to the above situation, one solution is to perform machining by changing the tool. However, the tool changing process increases the machining time and thus reduces the machining efficiency, so it is not considered. Another solution is to add an adjustment module 9 to the tool. The adjustment module is provided with two adjustment screws. The cutting edge can be adjusted radially and axially according to the needs before machining. Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8In this embodiment, the housing 21 is further provided with an adjustment module 9 capable of adjusting the desired axial and radial cutting dimensions of the second cutting edge 4. Driven by an external force, the adjustment module 9 can drive the cutting seat 5 to move axially or radially within the housing 21. To achieve axial dimension adjustment of the second cutting edge 4, the adjustment module 9 includes a first adjustment member 91. The first adjustment member 91 is mounted on the tool body 1, and an adjustment portion 911 of the first adjustment member 91 abuts against the top surface of the cutting seat 5. The top surface extends from front to back and is inclined toward the tool body 1. The adjustment portion 911 of the first adjustment member 91 is provided with an inclined surface 521 that cooperates with the top surface. Driven by an external force, the inclined surface 521 can apply a vertical force component to the top surface of the cutting seat 5, thereby driving the second cutting edge 4 to move axially. In this embodiment, the first adjustment member 91 is preferably an adjustment screw that is easy to adjust. Before axial adjustment, the clamping screw needs to be loosened with a wrench. Then, the first adjustment member 91 is rotated with the wrench to adjust the overall axial positioning of the cutting seat 5. In order to adjust the radial size of the second cutting edge 4, the cutting seat 5 includes a first seat body 52 and a second seat body 53 for setting the second cutting edge 4. A vertical slot 54 (front and back) for the second seat body 53 to be inserted is provided on the outer side of the first seat body 52. ​​A guide hole 10 is provided on the first seat body 52 and is perpendicular to the vertical slot 54 in the Y direction. The adjustment module 9 includes a second adjusting member 92 arranged in the guide hole 10 perpendicularly in the Y direction. The first seat body 52 and the second seat body 53 enclose the hole wall of the guide hole 10. The cross-sectional changes of the first seat body 52 and the second seat body 53 are evenly divided into a contraction section 102 and a straight section 101. When the second adjusting member 92 is driven by an external force to move toward the guide hole 10 During movement, the contraction section 102 of the second adjusting member 92 will slide from the contraction section 102 of the second seat body 53 to the straight section 101. At this time, the guide hole 10 tends to become larger, and the second seat body 53 moves in the direction away from the first seat body 52 due to the force. At this time, a flow channel with a larger depth can be processed; when the second adjusting member 92 moves in the direction away from the guide hole 10 driven by an external force, the contraction portion 101 of the second adjusting member 92 will slide from the straight section 101 of the second seat body 53 to the contraction section 102. At this time, the guide hole 10 tends to become smaller. At this time, the second seat body 53 drives the second cutting edge 4 to move in the direction close to the first seat body 52. ​​At this time, a flow channel with a smaller depth can be processed.

[0038] In addition, the cutting edge will generate a lot of heat with the workpiece during the machining process, and coolant needs to be passed through to cool the cutting edge in time to prolong the life of the tool. However, the outlet of the cooling channel leading to the cutting edge is usually fixed on the tool body. Although the adjustment module changes the positioning size of the second cutting edge 4 and meets the machining requirements of the flow channel, it brings a new problem, that is, the coolant will not be able to achieve accurate cooling of the cutting edge. Figure 5 and Figure 6In this embodiment, a main cooling channel 6 is provided within the tool body 1, extending axially along the central axis B of the tool body. Downstream of the main cooling channel 6, a primary cooling channel 71 leading to the first cutting edge 3 and a secondary cooling channel 72 leading to the second cutting edge 4 are provided. To accommodate the number of first cutting edges 3 and second cutting edges 4, four primary cooling channels 71 and two secondary cooling channels 72 are preferably provided in this embodiment. Coolant first enters through the main cooling channel 6 and is then diverted at the end of the main cooling channel 6 into each of the primary cooling channels 71 and the secondary cooling channels 72. Coolant in the primary cooling channel 71 is directed to the first cutting edge 3, while coolant in the secondary cooling channel 72 is directed to the second cutting edge 4. To address the issue of inaccurate cooling caused by the adjustment module 9, this embodiment incorporates two key components within the cutting seat 5: a guide channel 8 and a coolant engagement chamber 51. The coolant engagement chamber 51 is disposed on the first seat 52. At least a portion of the coolant engagement chamber 51 moves with the cutting seat 5 and maintains engagement with the guide channel 8 and the secondary cooling channel 72. This ensures that the outlet and the second cutting edge 4 maintain their original relative position after dimensional adjustment, ensuring precise cooling of the cutting edge. A first outlet 711 is disposed at the end of the primary cooling channel 71, through which coolant is sprayed onto the first cutting edge 3. A second outlet 81 is disposed at the end of the guide channel 8, through which coolant is sprayed onto the second cutting edge 4.

[0039] The working process of the machining tool is as follows: Before machining, the axial and radial positioning dimensions of the second cutting edge 4 need to be adjusted according to the machining requirements of the flow channel 12. For the axial positioning dimension, it is necessary to loosen the clamping screw with the help of a wrench, and then use the wrench to rotate the first adjustment member 91, and then the overall axial positioning of the cutting seat 5 can be adjusted; for the radial positioning dimension, it is necessary to loosen the clamping screw with the help of a wrench. When the second adjustment member 92 is driven by an external force to enlarge the guide hole 10, the second seat body 53 drives the second cutting edge 4 to move in a direction away from the first seat body 52; when the second adjustment member 92 is driven by an external force to reduce the guide hole 10, the second seat body 53 drives the second cutting edge 4 to move in a direction toward the first seat body 52. During the machining process, the first cutting edge 3 and the second cutting edge 4 of the machining tool will generate a large amount of heat with the inner surface of the bearing. At this time, the coolant is introduced into the main cooling channel 6 set in the adapter / tool ​​holder. After passing through the main cooling channel 6, the coolant is divided into each secondary cooling channel 7 at the end. The coolant in the first cooling channel 71 is sprayed onto the first cutting edge 3 through the first flow outlet 711 for cooling. The coolant in the second cooling channel 72 first enters the coolant joint chamber 51, then enters the guide channel 8 and is finally sprayed from the second flow outlet 81 to the second cutting edge 4 for cooling.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] refer to Figure 11 and 12 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the number of the accommodating portion 21 and the second cutting edge 4 is set to 1. The burrs on the surface of the shaft hole 13 of the bearing 11 are processed smoothly under the joint processing of the first cutting edge 3 and the second cutting edge 4. Only one spiral flow channel 12 is provided. At this time, the distance between the upper and lower flow channels 12 is wider than that in embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A machining tool comprising: A tool body (1) having a body center axis (B) defining a relative forward direction (DF) and a rearward direction (DR), and wherein the tool body (1) is helically rotatable about the body center axis (B) in a rotational direction (R); characterized in that: The tool body (1) comprises: The cutting head (2) is provided with a first cutting edge (3) for machining an axial hole in the circumferential direction, the tool body (1) is formed with a housing portion (21) in a radially inwardly concave manner, the housing portion (21) is staggered with the first cutting edge (3) in the circumferential direction, and a cutting seat (5) is further provided in each of the housing portions (21), and the cutting seat (5) is provided with a second cutting edge (4) for machining a flow channel.

2. The machining tool according to claim 1, wherein: The first cutting edges (3) are arranged in groups, each group of the first cutting edges (3) is arranged between adjacent accommodating portions (21), and each group of the first cutting edges (3) includes at least two.

3. The machining tool according to claim 2, wherein: The distances between each of the second cutting edges (4) and the central axis (B) of the main body are equal.

4. The machining tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: An adjustment module (9) capable of adjusting the required axial and / or radial cutting dimensions of the second cutting edge (4) is also provided in the accommodation portion (21).

5. The machining tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment module (9) can drive the cutting seat (5) to move axially or radially within the accommodating portion (21) under the drive of an external force.

6. The machining tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: A main cooling channel (6) is provided in the tool body (1) and extends axially along the central axis (B) of the body. A primary cooling channel (71) leading to the first cutting edge (3) and a secondary cooling channel (72) leading to the second cutting edge (4) are provided downstream of the main cooling channel (6).

7. The machining tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide channel (8) and a coolant engaging chamber (51) are provided in the cutting seat (5), and at least a portion of the coolant engaging chamber (51) can move along with the cutting seat (5) and always maintain engagement with the guide channel (8) and the secondary cooling channel (72).

8. The machining tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the first cooling channel (71) is provided with a first outlet (711), and the coolant can be sprayed to the first cutting edge (3) through the first outlet (711); the end of the guide channel (8) is provided with a second outlet (81), and the coolant can be sprayed to the second cutting edge (4) through the second outlet (81).

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