Packaging adhesive film and photovoltaic module
By setting an embossed structure on the surface of the packaging film, the problems of false welding and hidden cracking of the packaging film during the lamination process are solved, and efficient power generation and high yield of photovoltaic modules are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422545839.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-21
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the pre-crosslinking degree of the packaging film causes the film to flow between the cell and the welding wire during the lamination process, resulting in a dummy welding phenomenon. The pre-crosslinking degree is too high, resulting in uneven stress on the cell to form hidden cracks, affecting the power generation power and yield of the photovoltaic module.
Embossed structure is provided on the surface of the packaging film. The embossed structure includes a first embossed and a second embossed extending in different directions. The protruding design can fill the gap between the battery cell and the battery string, improve the friction and fluidity of the packaging film, and avoid the problem of excessive or too small film fluidity.
Through the design of the embossed structure, the internal structure of the photovoltaic module is flattered during the lamination process, avoiding dummy welding and hidden cracking, and improving the power generation efficiency and yield of the photovoltaic module.
Smart Images
Figure CN223280779U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to an encapsulation film and a photovoltaic module. Background Art
[0002] Photovoltaic modules are typically composed of a front substrate, a front encapsulation film, a cell string layer, a rear encapsulation film, and a rear substrate. The cell string layer includes multiple cell strings, which in turn include multiple cell cells. These cells are fused together through a lamination process to form a photovoltaic module. During the lamination process, if the pre-crosslinking degree of the encapsulation film is too low, the film can flow between the cell and the welding wire, leading to dark EL caused by cold solder joints, which seriously affects the power generation of the photovoltaic module. In related technologies, the pre-crosslinking degree of the encapsulation film is usually increased to avoid the dark EL phenomenon of the cell cells. However, an increase in the pre-crosslinking degree will lead to poor film fluidity, causing the film and the cell to form a small step, resulting in uneven stress on the cell cells and the formation of hidden cracks.
[0003] Related technologies, such as patent CN117117016A, divide the adhesive film into a central area and an edge area. The central area is further divided into a first zone and a second zone, and the edge area is divided into a third zone and a fourth zone. By adjusting the pre-crosslinking degree of the adhesive film in different areas, the solar cell's EL dimming and hidden cracks are prevented. However, this method requires multiple sections of the same adhesive film and uses different conditions to treat different sections. This is difficult to operate and costly to implement, making it difficult to widely apply. Utility Model Content
[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides an encapsulation film having an embossed structure. The embossed structure can fully fill the gaps between the solar cells during lamination, so that the photovoltaic module is subjected to more uniform force during lamination.
[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a packaging film, which includes a film body and an embossed structure; the embossed structure is arranged on one side of the film body and protrudes from the film body, and the embossed structure includes a first embossment extending along a first direction and a second embossment extending along a second direction; the interval between adjacent first embossments is 5 to 50 mm, and the interval between adjacent second embossments is 5 to 25 mm; the pre-crosslinking degree of the packaging film is 0 to 15%.
[0006] Further, the first embossing includes a first protrusion, and the second embossing includes a second protrusion.
[0007] Further, the first protrusion includes at least one of a hemispherical protrusion, a conical protrusion, a truncated cone protrusion, a cylindrical protrusion, a pyramidal protrusion, a prism-shaped protrusion or a prismatic protrusion; the second protrusion includes at least one of a hemispherical protrusion, a conical protrusion, a truncated cone protrusion, a cylindrical protrusion, a pyramidal protrusion, a prism-shaped protrusion or a prismatic protrusion.
[0008] Furthermore, the first embossing further includes first micro-protrusions, which are arranged around the first protrusion or on the surface of the first protrusion; the second embossing further includes second micro-protrusions, which are arranged around the second protrusion or on the surface of the second protrusion.
[0009] Furthermore, the width of the first embossing is 4-6 mm, and the width of the second embossing is 8-10 mm.
[0010] Furthermore, the height of adjacent first embossed structures is 50-500 μm, and the height of adjacent second embossed structures is 50-500 μm.
[0011] Furthermore, the film body is a co-extruded film formed by one or more of EVA film, PVB film or POE film.
[0012] An embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a front substrate, a front packaging film, a battery string layer, a rear packaging film and a rear substrate stacked in sequence; the battery string layer includes at least two battery strings, and the battery string includes at least two battery cells; at least one of the front packaging film or the rear packaging film includes any of the above-mentioned packaging films, and the embossed structure is arranged close to the battery string layer.
[0013] Furthermore, the first embossing is provided between adjacent battery cells, and the width of the first embossing is greater than or equal to the spacing between adjacent battery cells.
[0014] Furthermore, the second embossing is provided between adjacent battery strings, and the width of the second embossing is greater than or equal to the spacing between adjacent battery strings.
[0015] The encapsulation film in this application has a special embossed structure on the surface of the film. During lamination, the embossed structure fills the gaps between the cells, making the photovoltaic module smoother during the lamination process and avoiding the formation of hidden cracks due to uneven stress on the cells caused by excessive pre-crosslinking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the packaging film in one embodiment of the present application;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a top view of the packaging film in one embodiment of the present application;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first embossing in one embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second embossing in one embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module in one embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a battery string layer in one embodiment of the present application.
[0022] In the figure: encapsulation film 100, film body 11, embossed structure 12, first embossing 121, first protrusion 1211, first micro protrusion 1212, second embossing 122, second protrusion 1221, second micro protrusion 1222; photovoltaic module 200, front substrate 21, front encapsulation film 22, battery string layer 23, battery string 231, battery cell 2311, rear encapsulation film 24, rear substrate 25; first direction 101, second direction 102. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the specific implementation of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation of the present application.
[0024] Photovoltaic modules typically require encapsulation film to encapsulate the cell string layer, which includes multiple cell strings, and a single cell string includes multiple cell cells. Gaps exist between adjacent cell strings. Within a single cell string, gaps also exist between adjacent cell cells. During the lamination process of photovoltaic modules, if the encapsulation film has poor fluidity, a small step will form between the encapsulation film and the cell, resulting in uneven stress on the cell and hidden cracks in the cell. Reducing the degree of cross-linking can improve the fluidity of the encapsulation film. While this can avoid the formation of a small step between the encapsulation film and the cell, the increased fluidity of the encapsulation film can cause the film to flow between the cell and the welding wire, resulting in a dark EL caused by a cold weld, which seriously affects the power generation of the photovoltaic module.
[0025] The present application embodiment provides a Figure 1 The encapsulation film 100 is used to encapsulate the cell string layer of a photovoltaic module. The encapsulation film 100 includes a film body 11 and an embossed structure 12. The embossed structure 12 is provided on one side of the film body 11 and protrudes from the film body 11. Figure 2As shown, the embossed structure 12 includes a first embossing 121 extending along a first direction 101 and a second embossing 122 extending along a second direction 102. Preferably, the first direction 101 is perpendicular to the second direction 102. Since the encapsulation film 100 itself has fluidity, when the photovoltaic module is laminated, the embossed structure 12 of the encapsulation film 100 can fill the gaps in the battery string layers, thereby making the internal structure of the photovoltaic module tend to be flat, and avoiding the hidden cracks of the battery cells due to uneven force. The embossed structure 12 protrudes from the film body 11, which can increase the friction between the encapsulation film 100 and the battery string layers, ensuring that the battery cells will not shift due to the flow of the film during the lamination process, thereby improving the yield rate of the encapsulation of the encapsulation film 100.
[0026] As an optional embodiment, the spacing between adjacent first embossments 121 is 5 to 50 mm, and the spacing between adjacent second embossments 122 is 5 to 25 mm. The spacing between adjacent first embossments 121 and adjacent second embossments 122 allows the embossed structure 12 to accurately fill the gaps between the battery string layers during lamination of the encapsulation film 100. Preferably, the spacing between adjacent first embossments 121 is 10 to 20 mm, and the spacing between adjacent second embossments 122 is 5 to 10 mm.
[0027] As an optional embodiment, the embossed structure 12 can be directly embossed on the film body 11. The direct embossing method is simpler and more convenient, and the bonding strength between the embossed structure 12 and the film body 11 is also better, and the reliability of the packaging film 100 is good.
[0028] As an optional embodiment, the pre-crosslinking degree of the encapsulating film 100 is 0 to 15%. The embossed structure 12 of the encapsulating film 100 can automatically fill the gaps between the cells when the photovoltaic module is laminated, making the internal structure of the photovoltaic module smoother. The embodiment of the present application does not improve the smoothness of the internal structure of the photovoltaic module during lamination by increasing fluidity, so there is no need to excessively reduce the crosslinking degree of the encapsulating film. The pre-crosslinking degree of the encapsulating film 100 is greater than 0%, and the fluidity of the encapsulating film 100 is relatively low, which can prevent the encapsulating film 100 from flowing between the cell and the welding wire during lamination, resulting in dark EL caused by cold welding, thereby improving the power generation efficiency and yield rate of the photovoltaic module. However, the pre-crosslinking degree of the encapsulating film 100 should not be too high. If the pre-crosslinking degree is too high, it will be difficult for the encapsulating film 100 to fully fill the gaps between the cells, and the aging resistance and other properties of the encapsulating film 100 will be reduced. When the pre-crosslinking degree of the encapsulation film 100 is 0-15%, the encapsulation film 100 has good flatness during lamination, good aging resistance and yellowing resistance, and a higher yield rate of photovoltaic modules.
[0029] As an optional implementation, Figure 2As shown, the first embossing 121 includes a first protrusion 1211, and the second embossing 122 includes a second protrusion 1221. When the photovoltaic module is laminated, the first protrusion 1211 and the second protrusion 1221 can be filled into the gaps between the battery string layers. Specifically, the second protrusion 1221 is filled into the gaps between adjacent battery strings, and the first protrusion 1211 is filled into the gaps between adjacent battery cells in the same battery string. The first protrusion 1211 and the second protrusion 1221 can pre-fill the gaps between the battery cells, making the internal structure of the photovoltaic module tend to be flat. The raised structure can enhance the friction of the encapsulation film 100, so that the battery cells will not shift as the film flows during the lamination process. There are gaps between adjacent first protrusions 1211, and there are also gaps between adjacent second protrusions 1221. The gaps can provide a good exhaust channel for the vacuum stage.
[0030] As an optional embodiment, the first protrusion 1211 includes at least one of a hemispherical protrusion, a conical protrusion, a truncated cone protrusion, a cylindrical protrusion, a pyramidal protrusion, a prism-shaped protrusion, or a prismatic protrusion. The second protrusion 1221 includes at least one of a hemispherical protrusion, a conical protrusion, a truncated cone protrusion, a cylindrical protrusion, a pyramidal protrusion, a prism-shaped protrusion, or a prismatic protrusion. Because the film itself has fluidity, protrusions of different shapes can be filled into the gaps between adjacent cells during lamination, making the internal structure of the photovoltaic module smoother. The shapes of the hemispherical protrusions, conical protrusions, truncated cone protrusions, cylindrical protrusions, pyramidal protrusions, prism-shaped protrusions, and prismatic protrusions are more regular, making it easier to control the size and more conducive to production. Depending on actual needs, the shapes of the first protrusion 1211 and the second protrusion 1221 can be the same or different.
[0031] As an optional embodiment, the first protrusion 1211 and the second protrusion 1221 have the same shape. The same shape of the first protrusion 1211 and the second protrusion 1221 is more conducive to the preparation of the encapsulation film 100, and can make the encapsulation film 100 more smoothly adhere to the battery string layer, thereby improving the reliability of the encapsulation of the encapsulation film 100.
[0032] As an optional implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the width W1 of the first embossing 121 is 4-6 mm, and the width W2 of the second embossing 122 is 8-10 mm. If the width W1 of the first embossing 121 and the width W2 of the second embossing 122 are too small, the embossed structure 12 will not be able to fully fill the gaps between the cell strings, thereby affecting the flatness of the internal structure of the photovoltaic module. If the width W1 of the first embossing 121 and the width W2 of the second embossing 122 are too wide, the encapsulating film 100 will not be able to adhere smoothly to the cell strings, and the cell strings will also be unevenly stressed during lamination.
[0033] As an optional implementation, Figure 3 As shown, the first embossing 121 further includes first micro protrusions 1212, which are arranged around the first protrusion 1211 or on the surface of the first protrusion 1211. Figure 4 As shown, the second embossing 122 also includes second micro-protrusions 1222, which are arranged around the second protrusion 1221 or on the surface of the second protrusion 1221. The first micro-protrusions 1212 and the second micro-protrusions 1222 are smaller than the first protrusions 1211 and the second protrusions 1221, and can fill smaller gaps during lamination, making the internal structure of the photovoltaic module smoother and reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the cells during lamination. The first micro-protrusions 1212 and the second micro-protrusions 1222 can further increase the friction of the embossed structure 12, preventing the cells from shifting during lamination. The first micro-protrusions 1212 and the second micro-protrusions 1222 can provide the embossed structure 12 with more gaps, which is more conducive to exhaust during the vacuum stage.
[0034] As an alternative embodiment, the first micro-protrusions 1212 include at least one of hemispherical protrusions, conical protrusions, truncated cone protrusions, cylindrical protrusions, pyramidal protrusions, truncated pyramidal protrusions, or prismatic protrusions. As an alternative embodiment, the second micro-protrusions 1222 include at least one of hemispherical protrusions, conical protrusions, truncated cone protrusions, cylindrical protrusions, pyramidal protrusions, truncated pyramidal protrusions, or prismatic protrusions. The shape of the first protrusions 1211 and the shape of the first micro-protrusions 1212 can be the same or different, and the shape of the second protrusions and the shape of the second micro-protrusions 1222 can be the same or different.
[0035] As an optional embodiment, the height of the embossed structure 12 is 50-500μm. The height of the first embossing 121 is 50-500μm, and the height of the second embossing 122 is 50-500μm. According to actual needs, the heights of the first embossing 121 and the second embossing 122 can be the same or different. When the embossed structure 12 is too thin, the embossed structure 12 cannot fully fill the gaps between the battery cells, affecting the flatness of the internal structure of the photovoltaic module during lamination, and causing uneven force on the battery string layer during lamination. When the embossed structure 12 is too thick, it is difficult for the encapsulation film 100 to be smoothly attached to the battery string layer, which also causes uneven force on the battery string layer during lamination.
[0036] As an optional embodiment, the film body 11 is one of EVA film, PVB film, POE film, or a co-extruded film formed by EVA and POE. These films have good weather resistance and aging resistance, good barrier properties, and can improve the reliability of the packaging film 100.
[0037] The present application embodiment provides a Figure 5The photovoltaic module 200 shown in FIG. 2 includes a front substrate 21, a front packaging film 22, a battery string layer 23, a rear packaging film 24, and a rear substrate 25 stacked in sequence. Figure 6 As shown, the battery string layer 23 includes at least two battery strings 231, and a single battery string 231 includes at least two battery cells 2311. At least one of the front layer packaging film 22 or the back layer packaging film 24 is selected from the above-mentioned packaging film 100, and the embossed structure 12 of the packaging film 100 is arranged close to the battery string layer 23. There are gaps between adjacent battery strings 231. In a single battery string 231, there are also gaps between adjacent battery cells 2311. When the packaging film 100 in the present application is used for packaging, the embossed structure 12 can fill the gaps between the battery cells 2311 and between the battery strings 231, thereby making the internal structure of the photovoltaic component smoother and preventing the formation of tiny steps, so that the battery cells 2311 are subjected to more uniform force during lamination, reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the battery cells 2311, and improving the yield of the photovoltaic module 200.
[0038] As an optional embodiment, the first embossing 121 is provided between adjacent battery cells 2311, and the width W1 of the first embossing 121 is greater than or equal to the spacing between adjacent battery cells 2311. The width W1 of the first embossing 121 is greater than or equal to the spacing between adjacent battery cells 2311, so that the first embossing 121 can fully fill the spacing between adjacent battery cells 2311, preventing the encapsulation film 100 from generating tiny steps during lamination, and ensuring more uniform force on the battery cells 2311 during lamination.
[0039] As an optional embodiment, the second embossing 122 is provided between adjacent battery strings 231, and the width W2 of the second embossing 122 is greater than or equal to the spacing between adjacent battery strings 231. The width W2 of the second embossing 122 is greater than or equal to the spacing between adjacent battery strings 231, allowing the second embossing 122 to fully fill the spacing between adjacent battery strings 231, preventing the encapsulation film 100 from forming tiny steps during lamination, and ensuring more uniform force on the battery cells 2311 during lamination.
[0040] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the embodiments.
[0041] Example 1
[0042] A kind of Figure 1 The packaging film 100 shown includes a film body 11 and an embossed structure 12. The embossed structure 12 is provided on one side of the film body 11 and protrudes from the film body 11. The embossed structure 12 includes a first embossment 121 extending along a first direction 101 and a second embossment 122 extending along a second direction 102.
[0043] The pre-crosslinking degree of the packaging film 100 is 5%, the film body 11 is an EVA film, the height of the first embossing 121 is 100 μm, and the height of the second embossing 122 is 100 μm;
[0044] The width W1 of the first embossing 121 is 5 mm, and the second embossing 122 includes a first protrusion 1211, which is a hemispherical protrusion;
[0045] The width W2 of the second embossing 122 is 9 mm. The second embossing 122 includes a second protrusion 1221 . The second protrusion 1221 is a hemispherical protrusion.
[0046] Example 2
[0047] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0048] The pre-crosslinking degree of the packaging film 100 is 15%.
[0049] Example 3
[0050] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0051] The pre-crosslinking degree of the packaging film 100 is 0%.
[0052] Example 4
[0053] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0054] The film body 11 is a POE film.
[0055] Example 5
[0056] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0057] The height of the first embossing 121 and the second embossing 122 are both 500 μm.
[0058] Example 6
[0059] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0060] The height of the first embossing 121 and the second embossing 122 are both 50 μm.
[0061] Example 7
[0062] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0063] The height of the first embossing 121 is 100 μm, and the height of the second embossing 122 is 200 μm.
[0064] Example 8
[0065] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0066] The width W1 of the first embossing 121 is 4 mm, and the width W2 of the second embossing 122 is 8 mm.
[0067] Example 9
[0068] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0069] The width W1 of the first embossing 121 is 6 mm, and the width W2 of the second embossing 122 is 10 mm.
[0070] Example 10
[0071] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0072] The first protrusion 1211 is a pyramid-shaped protrusion, and the second protrusion 1221 is a pyramid-shaped protrusion.
[0073] Example 11
[0074] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0075] The first protrusion 1211 is a hemispherical protrusion, and the second protrusion 1221 is a pyramidal protrusion.
[0076] Example 12
[0077] Except for the following technical features, everything else is the same as Example 1.
[0078] The first embossing 121 further includes first micro protrusions 1212 arranged around the first protrusion 1211, and the first micro protrusions 1212 are hemispherical protrusions; the second embossing 122 further includes second micro protrusions 1222 arranged around the second protrusion 1221, and the second micro protrusions 1222 are hemispherical protrusions.
[0079] Comparative Example 1
[0080] A packaging film 100 is a conventional EVA film, does not contain the embossed structure of the present application, and has a pre-crosslinking degree of 0%.
[0081] Comparative Example 2
[0082] A packaging film 100 is a conventional POE film, does not contain the embossed structure of the present application, and has a pre-crosslinking degree of 0%.
[0083] Comparative Example 3
[0084] A packaging film 100 is a conventional EVA film, does not contain the embossed structure of the present application, and has a pre-crosslinking degree of 5%.
[0085] Comparative Example 4
[0086] A packaging film 100 is a conventional EVA film, does not contain the embossed structure of the present application, and has a pre-crosslinking degree of 15%.
[0087] 1. Performance test:
[0088] The encapsulation films 100 in Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were used to encapsulate the cell string layer 23 , and the performance of the encapsulated photovoltaic modules 200 was tested.
[0089] Cold solder joint test: A laminate of glass-the adhesive film of this case-the adhesive film of this case-the backplane / glass is made, and the darkening phenomenon of the cell of the photovoltaic module prepared with the encapsulation film in the examples and comparative examples is observed by electronic luminescence detection equipment (EL). The evaluation grade is: A-no shadow darkening; B-there are 2 or fewer slightly darkening stripes; C-there are 3 or more slightly darkening stripes; D-there is a slightly darkening area.
[0090] Filling effect: After lamination, the number of bubbles between cells and between cell strings is recorded to characterize the effect. The rating is: A - no bubbles; B - 3 or fewer bubbles; C - 4 or more bubbles.
[0091] Hidden crack rate: The hidden crack rate of the photovoltaic modules prepared with the encapsulation films in the embodiment and the comparative example was tested under an electronic luminescence detection device (EL). Hidden crack rate = number of cracked cells under EL test / total number of cells * 100%.
[0092] 2. Performance test results:
[0093] The performance test results of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.
[0094] Table 1: Test results of Examples and Comparative Examples
[0095] EL testing Fill effect Hidden crack rate Example 1 A A 0.1％ Example 2 B B 0.8％ Example 3 C A 0％ Example 4 A A 0.2％ Example 5 B A 0.5％ Example 6 A A 0.3％ Example 7 B A 0.6％ Example 8 A A 0.4％ Example 9 A A 0.4％ Example 10 A A 0.3％ Example 11 A A 0.3％ Example 12 A A 0.2％ Comparative Example 1 D B 0.4％ Comparative Example 2 D B 0.4％ Comparative Example 3 A B 0.5％ Comparative Example 4 D C 1.2％
[0096] As can be seen from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 12 of the present application, by providing an embossed structure on the surface of the adhesive film and limiting the pre-crosslinking degree of the adhesive film, the problem of battery cells being stacked during lamination is avoided and the coating of the adhesive film on the battery cells is ensured, which can reduce the EL darkening phenomenon and hidden crack rate of the photovoltaic module.
[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only some of the preferred implementation methods of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned implementation methods or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A packaging film, characterized in that: include: Film body; An embossed structure, the embossed structure being provided on one side of the film body and protruding from the film body, the embossed structure comprising a first embossment extending along a first direction and a second embossment extending along a second direction; the interval between adjacent first embossments being 5 to 50 mm, and the interval between adjacent second embossments being 5 to 25 mm; The pre-crosslinking degree of the packaging film is 0-15%.
2. The encapsulating film according to claim 1, wherein: The first embossing includes first protrusions, and the second embossing includes second protrusions.
3. The encapsulating film according to claim 2, wherein: The first protrusion includes at least one of a hemispherical protrusion, a conical protrusion, a truncated cone protrusion, a cylindrical protrusion, a pyramidal protrusion, a truncated pyramidal protrusion or a prismatic protrusion; The second protrusions include at least one of hemispherical protrusions, conical protrusions, truncated cone protrusions, cylindrical protrusions, pyramidal protrusions, truncated pyramidal protrusions, and prismatic protrusions.
4. The encapsulating film according to claim 2, wherein: The first embossing further includes first micro protrusions, and the first micro protrusions are arranged around the first protrusion or on the surface of the first protrusion; The second embossing further includes second micro protrusions, and the second micro protrusions are arranged around the second protrusion or on the surface of the second protrusion.
5. The encapsulating film according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the first embossing is 4-6 mm, and the width of the second embossing is 8-10 mm.
6. The encapsulating film according to claim 1, wherein: The height of the first embossing is 50-500 μm, and the height of the second embossing is 50-500 μm.
7. The encapsulating film according to claim 1, wherein: The film body is a co-extruded film formed by one or more of EVA film, PVB film or POE film.
8. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A front substrate, a front packaging film, a battery string layer, a rear packaging film, and a rear substrate are stacked in sequence; the battery string layer includes at least two battery strings, and the battery string includes at least two battery cells; At least one of the front packaging film layer or the rear packaging film layer comprises the packaging film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the embossed structure is arranged close to the battery string layer.
9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first embossing is provided between adjacent battery cells, and a width of the first embossing is greater than or equal to a distance between adjacent battery cells.
10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second embossing is provided between adjacent battery strings, and a width of the second embossing is greater than or equal to a spacing between adjacent battery strings.