Temporary cableway bridge anchor cable
Through the anchor cable-type method, anchor holes are drilled and grouted on the anchor plate and bedrock, the problem of high cost and difficulty of anchor cable cables is solved, and efficient and safe construction results are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422639393.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-31
AI Technical Summary
The construction cost of existing cableway bridge anchor cables is high and the construction time is long, especially in special geographical environments, and the construction is difficult, and the traditional methods are complex in high groundwater areas.
The anchor cable-type method is adopted. By drilling anchor holes on the anchor plate and bedrock, installing grouting pipes and isolation frames, a spindle-shaped anchor cable is formed, and a guide cap is set at the top of the anchor section. The anchor section, cleaning section and non-anchored section are placed into the anchor holes in turn and grouting is filled to reduce the amount of earth and stone excavation and reinforced concrete, and simplify the use of machinery.
It reduces construction complexity and cost, improves construction efficiency and safety, reduces environmental pollution, and saves construction period and costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223281202U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to an anchor cable for a temporary cableway bridge. Background Art
[0002] With the passage of time, more and more cableway bridges are appearing. Cableway bridges are constructed by laying decks directly on steel cables anchored on the banks of rivers, forming a roadway. They are primarily used to overcome obstacles such as rivers and ravines. Cableway bridges are semi-permanent bridges, suitable for both regular and construction purposes. They are economical and quick to construct, making them suitable for crossing rivers and lakes where other types of bridges are difficult to construct, such as those with steep slopes, deep currents, abundant floating debris, and extensive sand erosion. Their unique applications make them particularly well-suited for civilian transportation, hydropower systems, and temporary engineering construction in the southwest region. Cableway bridges are composed of five major components, depending on their function: anchors, abutments, connecting and adjusting members, load-bearing structures, and the deck system. Cableway bridges are lightweight and typically flexible structures. However, the deck deforms significantly when vehicles pass through it, resulting in significant geometric nonlinear effects. The anchors are the most critical component of a cableway bridge, bearing the entire weight of the bridge. Anchors are divided into gravity anchors and ground anchors based on their load-bearing characteristics. Gravity anchors anchor steel cables into large volumes of reinforced concrete poured on both sides of the bridge. They rely primarily on the concrete's own weight to support the load, and require extensive masonry work on the abutments. Ground anchors anchor steel cables into the mountainous terrain on both sides of the bridge, relying on the anchoring strength of the bedrock to withstand the cable tension. This requires good rock quality on both sides.
[0003] Most existing anchor cable fixing methods use reinforced concrete gravity anchors. Reinforced concrete gravity anchors require a large amount of concrete and steel materials, which have high material costs. The entire construction process, from foundation excavation to concrete pouring and then to curing and solidification, is time-consuming. In certain special geographical environments, such as mountains and cliffs, traditional reinforced concrete gravity anchor construction is difficult or even impossible to implement. In addition, in areas with high groundwater levels, waterproofing measures must also be considered during construction, which increases the complexity of construction.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a temporary cableway bridge anchor cable to solve the problems in the above background technology. Utility Model Content
[0005] In response to the above problems, the present application provides a temporary cableway bridge anchor cable, which drills anchor holes on the anchor plate and bedrock, unfolds the anchor section of the anchor cable, installs the grouting pipe and clamps the isolation frame, and then forms a spindle shape by bundling, and fixes the guide cap at the top of the anchor section. The anchor section, cleaning section and non-anchor section are then placed in the anchor hole in turn and grouted. The anchor cable method is adopted. Compared with the reinforced concrete gravity anchor method, the earthwork excavation volume is reduced, the amount of reinforced concrete is greatly reduced, and there is no need to set up steel structure ground anchor saddles and ground anchor steel pull rods; it also reduces the use of concrete construction machinery and mechanical lifting in concrete construction, the on-site machinery is simpler, and there is no need for a large amount of on-site steel structure welding work; and since the anchor cable operation is carried out after the abutment is constructed to a certain height, the anchor cable construction has no open surface, which reduces the difficulty of construction, improves both construction efficiency and construction safety; while ensuring construction and safety, it saves machinery use, saves construction time and construction costs.
[0006] To achieve the purpose of this application, this application provides the following technical solutions:
[0007] The present application provides an anchor cable for a temporary cableway bridge, comprising: an anchor plate and an anchor cable, wherein the anchor plate is formed by pouring concrete on the bedrock surface of a mountain, a plurality of anchor holes and test holes are opened in the anchor plate and the bedrock layer, anchor cables are placed in the anchor holes and the test holes, the anchor cable is divided into an anchoring section, a cleaning section and a non-anchoring section, the non-anchoring section is close to the entrances of the anchor holes and the test holes, the length of the anchoring section is at least 12m, the end of the anchoring section is connected to the cleaning section, and the end of the anchoring section is tied with a bundle, The anchor cable of the anchoring section is a non-entangled steel wire rope, and grouting pipes are arranged between the non-entangled steel wire ropes, and isolation frames are evenly arranged on the anchor cable of the anchoring section. The grouting pipe is passed through the isolation frame, and the non-entangled steel wire ropes are respectively clamped on the isolation frame. The anchor section away from the non-anchoring section is fixedly installed with a guide cap, and the non-entangled steel wire ropes between the isolation frames are formed into a spindle shape by the bundling, and the anchor hole and the test hole are filled with grouting through the grouting pipe.
[0008] In a possible implementation, the anchor rope is formed by winding a middle hemp rope and at least 6 steel ropes.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the isolation frame includes: a circular limiting plate, a plurality of U-shaped grooves are evenly opened on the circumference of the circular limiting plate, a central through hole is opened through the center of the circular limiting plate, and a plurality of side holes are opened through the annular array of the circular limiting plate located between the U-shaped groove and the central through hole.
[0010] In a possible implementation, the number of the U-shaped grooves is at least six.
[0011] In a possible implementation, the length of the cleaning section is at least 2 m.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the surface of the cleaning section is coated with rust-proof lubricating oil, and the outside of the cleaning section is wrapped with a plastic film, and the outside of the plastic film is tied with transparent tape.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the width of the U-shaped groove is equal to the diameter of the steel wire rope.
[0014] In a possible implementation, the grouting body is pure cement slurry to which an appropriate amount of expansion agent may be added.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0016] 1. The utility model drills anchor holes on the anchor plate and bedrock, unfolds the anchor section of the anchor cable, installs the grouting pipe and clamps the isolation frame, and then forms a spindle shape by tying and bundling, and fixes a guide cap on the top of the anchor section, and then sequentially places the anchor section, the cleaning section and the non-anchor section into the anchor hole and grouting, adopts the anchor cable method, and compared with the reinforced concrete gravity anchor method, reduces the earthwork excavation engineering volume and greatly reduces the amount of reinforced concrete. There is no need to set up steel structure anchor saddles and anchor steel pull rods; it also reduces the use of concrete construction machinery and mechanical lifting in concrete construction, the on-site machinery is simpler, and there is no need for a large amount of on-site steel structure welding work; and because the anchor cable operation is carried out after the abutment is constructed to a certain height, the anchor cable construction has no open surface, which reduces the difficulty of construction, improves both construction efficiency and construction safety; it saves the use of machinery, saves construction time and construction costs under the premise of ensuring construction and safety.
[0017] 2. In the process of anchor cable construction, the utility model performs cable untying, cable washing and cable braiding in independent and closed areas, and the pollutants generated can be promptly and effectively disposed of without leaking out, resulting in low environmental pollution. In the anchor cable drilling construction link, the drilling rig is equipped with a mature dust removal device, and on-site dust is effectively controlled. In the anchor cable construction process, except for the drilling link, the rest of the work involves a lot of manual labor and does not generate large amounts of emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation of the present application.
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the anchor hole in the utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the isolation frame in the utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the anchor cable in the utility model;
[0023] Figure numerals: 1. anchor plate; 2. anchor hole; 3. anchor cable; 4. guide cap; 5. isolation frame; 51. circular limit plate; 52. U-shaped groove; 53. center through hole; 54. side hole; 6. bundle; 7. grouting body; 8. grouting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0025] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; and in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means three or more.
[0026] Figures 1-4A temporary cableway bridge anchor cable provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: an anchor plate 1 and an anchor cable 3, wherein the anchor plate 1 is formed by pouring concrete on the bedrock surface of a mountain, a plurality of anchor holes 2 and test holes are opened in the anchor plate 1 and the bedrock layer, and anchor cables 3 are placed in the anchor holes 2 and the test holes, and the anchor cables 3 are divided into an anchoring section, a cleaning section and a non-anchoring section, the non-anchoring section is close to the entrance of the anchor hole 2 and the test hole, and the length of the anchoring section is at least 12m, the end of the anchoring section is connected to the cleaning section, and the end of the anchoring section is tied with a bundle 6 The anchor cable 3 of the anchoring section is a non-entangled steel wire rope, and a grouting pipe 8 is arranged between the non-entangled steel wire ropes, and isolation frames 5 are evenly arranged on the anchor cable 3 of the anchoring section. The grouting pipe 8 is passed through the isolation frame 5, and the non-entangled steel wire ropes are respectively clamped on the isolation frame 5. The anchoring section away from the non-anchoring section is fixedly installed with a guide cap 4, and the non-entangled steel wire ropes between the isolation frames 5 are formed into a spindle shape by the bundle 6, and the anchor hole 2 and the test hole are filled with grouting body 7 through the grouting pipe 8.
[0027] Based on the above technical solution, the anchor cable 3 position on the shore is first cleared, the loose soil and weathered rocks are removed to expose the complete bedrock surface, and the anchor plate 1 is cast on the bedrock surface to form a working platform. The positioning points are set at the base surface of the anchor plate 1 according to the hole layout position in the drawing, and the numbers are sprayed on the rock surface with paint. The hole position deviation is no more than 10 cm, the inclination error of the anchor hole 2 is no more than 3°, and the horizontal angle error is no more than 2°. The anchor hole 2 and the test hole are drilled and opened with a percussion drill. The anchor hole 2 and the test hole are drilled and opened. The drilling depth of the hole is strictly constructed according to the design size. After the anchor hole 2 and the test hole are drilled, high-pressure wind and water are used to flush them. The rock powder, accumulated water and other debris in the anchor hole 2 and the test hole are cleaned to ensure that the return water is clear and dust-free. Use a tape measure to measure at least 12m from the end of the anchor cable 3. Tie the bundle 6 at least 12m away from the wire rope. After the bundle 6 is tied, untie the wire rope, cut off the middle part, manually wipe each wire with river sand to remove surface oil and debris, and then brush it clean with a wire brush. Finally, wipe off the dust with a rag. Dust, and then clean the anchor cable 3; put the anchor section straight and flat on the processing platform, install the grouting pipe 8 straight, and install the isolation frame 5 at a fixed interval, clamp the wire rope on the isolation frame 5 and pass the grouting pipe 8 into the isolation frame 5 in turn, and then treat the surface of the cleaning section, install the guide cap 4 on the top of the anchor section, and use the bundle 6 to bundle the isolation frame 5 into a spindle shape. Each anchor cable 3 is labeled according to the anchor hole 2 and the test hole number; carry the anchor cable 3 to the anchor hole 2 and the test hole manually, and the operator coordinates The grouting is done by grouting the anchor cable 3 in a straight line and not twisting. ...
[0028] It should be noted that during the construction of the anchor cable 3, the rope untying, rope washing and rope braiding are all carried out in an independent closed area, and the pollutants generated can be promptly and effectively disposed of without leaking out, resulting in low environmental pollution; and in the drilling construction link of the anchor cable 3, the drilling rig is equipped with a mature dust removal device, which can effectively control the dust on site, and the bundle 6 can be tied with wire.
[0029] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the construction of anchor cable 3 adopts the anchor cable method. Compared with the reinforced concrete gravity anchor method, it reduces the amount of earthwork excavation and greatly reduces the amount of reinforced concrete. There is no need to set up steel structure ground anchor saddles and ground anchor steel pull rods; it also reduces the use of concrete construction machinery and mechanical lifting in concrete construction, and the on-site machinery is simpler, without a large amount of on-site steel structure welding work; at the same time, since the anchor cable 3 operation is carried out after the abutment is constructed to a certain height, the anchor cable 3 construction has no open surface, which reduces the difficulty of construction, improves both construction efficiency and construction safety; while ensuring construction and safety, it saves the use of machinery, saves construction period and construction costs, and in addition, in the construction process of anchor cable 3, except for the drilling link, the rest of the manual work content is relatively large, and no large amount of emissions is generated, and the overall environmental protection benefit is high.
[0030] In a possible implementation, the anchor cable 3 is formed by winding an intermediate hemp rope and at least 6 steel ropes. The combination of the intermediate hemp rope and the steel rope makes the anchor cable 3 have better flexibility and adaptability.
[0031] In one possible implementation, the isolation frame 5 includes: a circular limiting plate 51, a plurality of U-shaped grooves 52 are evenly opened on the circumference of the circular limiting plate 51, and a central through hole 53 is opened through the center of the circular limiting plate 51, and a plurality of side holes 54 are opened through the annular array of the circular limiting plate 51 located between the U-shaped groove 52 and the central through hole 53.
[0032] In a possible implementation, the number of the U-shaped grooves 52 is at least six, so as to match the number of steel wire ropes of the anchor cable 3 .
[0033] In a possible implementation, the length of the cleaning section is at least 2 m, which can ensure that there is a longer buffer section between the grouting material, the anchor cable 3 and the hole wall, thereby improving the anchoring effect.
[0034] In one possible implementation, the surface of the cleaning section is coated with anti-rust lubricating oil, and the outside of the cleaning section is wrapped with a plastic film, and the outside of the plastic film is tied with transparent tape. The anti-rust lubricating oil can form a protective film on the surface of the cleaning section, effectively isolating moisture and oxygen in the air, preventing the metal surface from oxidizing and rusting, thereby extending the service life of the anchor cable 3. The plastic film can completely cover the cleaning section, isolating external dust, dirt and other impurities, ensuring that the hole is clean and free of dirt before grouting, and improving the grouting quality. The use of transparent tape can also enhance the tightness of the plastic film, making it fit more firmly on the outside of the cleaning section.
[0035] In one possible implementation, the width of the U-shaped groove 52 is equal to the diameter of the steel wire rope.
[0036] After the anchoring section is placed straight and flat on the processing platform, the grouting pipe 8 is installed straight, and the isolation frame 5 is installed at a fixed interval. The steel wire rope is clamped in the U-shaped groove 52 and the grouting pipe 8 is passed through the central through hole 53 in turn, and the guide cap 4 is installed on the top of the anchoring section. The middle of the isolation frame 5 is bundled into a spindle shape with a bundle 6, and the guide cap 4 is inserted into the anchor hole 2 and the test hole. The anchor cable 3 is pushed into place in the hole section by section, and the grouting is started from the bottom of the anchor hole 2 and the test hole through the grouting pipe 8. Under the action of the side hole 54, the grouting body 7 of the upper layer can continue to flow to the lower layer, thereby increasing the fluidity of the grouting body 7 until the anchor hole 2 and the test hole are filled. That is to say, the U-shaped groove 52 can better limit the steel wire ropes of the anchor cable 3 and form a spindle shape through the bundle 6. The spindle-shaped anchoring section and the side hole 54 can better cooperate with the grouting operation, so that the grouting material evenly fills the space in the hole, thereby improving the grouting effect.
[0037] In one possible implementation, the grouting body 7 is pure cement slurry to which an appropriate amount of expansion agent can be added, and the cement strength grade is not less than 42.5 MPa. The grouting of the anchor cable 3 is pressureless grouting. According to the design technical requirements, a concrete expansion agent of 1% cement can be added, and the water-cement ratio is 0.45. The water-cement ratio and the amount of expansion agent (when the expansion agent is added) should be further determined through experiments. During grouting, the grouting is started from the bottom of the anchor hole 2 through the grouting pipe 8 until it is full. If the anchor hole 2 with cracks or faults cannot be filled with one grouting, it is necessary to repeat the grouting once or multiple times to ensure that it is full.
[0038] Working principle:
[0039] The anchor cable 3 position on the shore is cleared, and the loose soil and weathered rocks are removed to expose the complete bedrock surface. Anchor plate 1 is poured on the bedrock surface. Positioning points are set at the base of anchor plate 1 according to the hole layout position in the drawing, and numbers are sprayed on the rock surface. The hole position deviation is no more than 10 cm, the inclination error of anchor hole 2 is no more than 3°, and the horizontal angle error is no more than 2°. An impact drill is used to drill the anchor hole 2 and the test hole. The drilling depth of anchor hole 2 and the test hole is strictly constructed according to the design size. After the anchor hole 2 and the test hole are drilled, high-pressure wind and water are used for flushing. The rock powder, accumulated water and other debris in the anchor hole 2 and the test hole are cleaned. The return water is clear and dust-free. Use a tape measure to measure at least 12m from the end of the anchor cable 3. Tie the bundle 6 at least 12m away from the wire rope. After the bundle 6 is tied, take the 6-strand wire rope as an example of the anchor cable 3. Untie the 6 strands of the wire rope, cut off the hemp rope in the middle of the wire rope, manually wipe each strand of steel wire with river sand to remove surface oil and debris, and then brush it clean with a wire brush. Finally, wipe off the dust with a rag, and then tie the anchor cable. 3. Perform fine washing; place the anchoring section straight and flat on the processing platform, install the grouting pipe 8 straight, and install the isolation frame 5 at a fixed interval, and clamp the wire rope in the U-shaped groove 52 and pass the grouting pipe 8 through the central through hole 53 in turn; after oiling the surface of the cleaning section, wrap it with plastic film and tie it with transparent tape, install the guide cap 4 on the top of the anchoring section, and tie the isolation frame 5 into a spindle shape with a bundle 6 in the middle. Each anchor cable 3 is labeled according to the anchor hole 2 and the test hole number; carry the anchor cable 3 to the anchor hole 2 and the test hole manually, and operate The personnel coordinate in unison and apply force evenly to insert the guide cap 4 into the anchor hole 2 and the test hole, and push the anchor cable 3 into the hole section by section. During the operation, ensure that the anchor section is straight and not twisted; grouting is started from the bottom of the anchor hole 2 and the test hole through the grouting pipe 8 until it is full. If the anchor hole 2 and the test hole with cracks and faults cannot be filled with grouting in one time, they need to be grouted one or more times to ensure that they are full. After the grouting body 7 is completely dry, the anchor cable 3 in the test hole is finally tensioned to ensure that the anchor bundle stress reaches the stable design value.
[0040] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit them. The present application is not limited to the precise structures described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present application is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present application, any changes and modifications made without departing from the concept of the present application should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A temporary cableway bridge anchor cable, characterized in that: include: An anchor plate (1) and an anchor cable (3), wherein the anchor plate (1) is formed by pouring concrete on the bedrock surface of a mountain, a plurality of anchor holes (2) and test holes are opened in the anchor plate (1) and the bedrock layer, anchor cables (3) are placed in the anchor holes (2) and the test holes, and the anchor cables (3) are divided into an anchoring section, a cleaning section and a non-anchoring section, the non-anchoring section is close to the entrances of the anchor holes (2) and the test holes, and the length of the anchoring section is at least 12m, the end of the anchoring section is connected to the cleaning section, and the end of the anchoring section is tied with a bundle (6), and the anchor cable (3) of the anchoring section is A non-entangled steel wire rope, a grouting pipe (8) is provided between the non-entangled steel wire ropes, and an isolation frame (5) is evenly provided on the anchor cable (3) of the anchoring section, the grouting pipe (8) is passed through the isolation frame (5), and the non-entangled steel wire ropes are respectively clamped on the isolation frame (5), the anchoring section away from the non-anchoring section is fixedly installed with a guide cap (4), and the non-entangled steel wire ropes between the isolation frames (5) are formed into a spindle shape by the bundle (6), and the anchor hole (2) and the test hole are filled with grouting body (7) through the grouting pipe (8).
2. A temporary cableway bridge anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rope (3) is formed by winding a middle hemp rope and at least 6 steel ropes.
3. The anchor cable of a temporary cableway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation frame (5) comprises a circular limiting piece (51), a plurality of U-shaped grooves (52) are uniformly provided on the circumference of the circular limiting piece (51), a central through hole (53) is provided through the center of the circular limiting piece (51), and a plurality of side holes (54) are provided through the circular limiting piece (51) in an annular array between the U-shaped groove (52) and the central through hole (53).
4. The anchor cable of a temporary cableway bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the U-shaped grooves (52) is at least six.
5. The anchor cable of a temporary cableway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the cleaning section is at least 2 m.
6. The anchor cable of a temporary cableway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the cleaning section is coated with anti-rust lubricating oil, and the outer side of the cleaning section is wrapped with a plastic film, and the outer side of the plastic film is tied with a transparent adhesive tape.
7. The anchor cable of a temporary cableway bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the U-shaped groove (52) is equal to the diameter of the steel wire rope.
8. The anchor cable of a temporary cableway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting body (7) is pure cement slurry to which an appropriate amount of expansion agent may be added.