Open cut tunnel roof structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses an open-cut tunnel roof structure which comprises a first side wall and a second side wall which are arranged on two sides of a tunnel, and further comprises a first slope-shaped roof which is fixedly connected with the first side wall and forms an acute angle with the extension line of the first side wall; the second slope-shaped top plate is fixedly connected with the second side wall, the included angle between the second slope-shaped top plate and the extension line of the second side wall is an acute angle, and the size is the same as that of the first slope-shaped top plate; the top of the first slope-shaped top plate and the top of the second slope-shaped top plate are connected through the connecting part, the center line of the connecting part coincides with the center line of the section of the tunnel, and the top plate with the transverse gradient facilitating drainage is arranged and connected through the connecting part in smooth transition, so that the tunnel top plate is not prone to water accumulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to an open-cut tunnel roof structure. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel engineering plays a crucial role in modern transportation infrastructure construction, particularly in the development and utilization of urban underground space. Cut-and-cover tunneling, a common method of construction, is widely used in subway, highway, and railway projects. As a key component of a tunnel, the design and construction quality of the cut-and-cover tunnel roof structure directly impacts the overall performance and service life of the tunnel.

[0003] Currently, the roof structure of open-cut tunnels mostly adopts a flat roof or folded plate design. Although it can meet the engineering requirements to a certain extent, there are still some problems in drainage, waterproofing and structural stress. Specifically, the drainage performance of flat roof and folded roof structures is poor. The groundwater in the soil layer above the tunnel roof is difficult to drain, and water easily accumulates on the top surface of the tunnel roof, causing leakage in the tunnel roof, affecting the normal operation and durable use of the tunnel. At the same time, in the existing technical solutions, the top surface of the tunnel roof is a continuous plane in the longitudinal direction. The groundwater in the soil layer above the tunnel roof can flow along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. When leakage occurs in the tunnel, it is difficult to find the source of the structural leakage in time, making it more difficult to quickly control the structural leakage. In addition, these traditional structural forms also have shortcomings in terms of structural stress, which easily leads to stress concentration and affects the safety and stability of the tunnel.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an open-cut tunnel roof structure that can effectively drain water, prevent water from leaking, and improve the structural stress performance to meet the needs of modern tunnel engineering. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide an open-cut tunnel roof structure, which can solve the problems in the prior art that the tunnel roof is prone to water accumulation, the accumulated water is difficult to remove, and the structure is subjected to unreasonable stress.

[0006] According to one aspect of the utility model, there is provided an open-cut tunnel roof structure, comprising a first side wall and a second side wall on both sides of the tunnel, and further comprising: a first sloping roof, fixedly connected to the first side wall, and having an acute angle with an extension line of the first side wall; a second sloping roof, fixedly connected to the second side wall, and having an acute angle with an extension line of the second side wall, and having the same size as the first sloping roof; a connecting portion, connecting the top of the first sloping roof and the top of the second sloping roof, with a center line coinciding with the center line of the cross section of the tunnel.

[0007] Preferably, the cross-sections of the first sloping top plate and the second sloping top plate are both rectangular.

[0008] Preferably, the cross section of the connecting portion is arched, and the thickness is the same as that of the first sloped top plate.

[0009] Preferably, the width of the connecting portion is 1 / 10 of the width of the first sloped top plate.

[0010] Preferably, the first sloping top plate, the second sloping top plate and the connecting portion are all made of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure.

[0011] Preferably, the open-cut tunnel roof structure also includes: a plurality of elevated rib beams, the upper ends of which are higher than the top of the connecting portion, for dividing the water-facing surfaces of the first sloping roof and the second sloping roof into a plurality of drainage areas along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the lower ends of which are higher than the top of the space required for the passage of people and vehicles in the tunnel.

[0012] Preferably, when the tunnel is a double-hole tunnel, the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the middle partition wall of the double-hole tunnel.

[0013] The utility model discloses an open-cut tunnel roof structure, comprising a first side wall and a second side wall on both sides of the tunnel, and further comprising: a first sloped roof, fixedly connected to the first side wall, and having an acute angle with an extension line of the first side wall; a second sloped roof, fixedly connected to the second side wall, and having an acute angle with an extension line of the second side wall, and having the same size as that of the first sloped roof; a connecting portion, connecting the top of the first sloped roof and the top of the second sloped roof, with a center line coinciding with the center line of the cross section of the tunnel. By arranging a roof with a transverse slope that is conducive to drainage and connecting the roof via a smoothly transitioned connecting portion, water accumulation is not likely to occur on the tunnel roof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 This is an elevation view of a single-hole tunnel according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view in;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-section in;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a single-hole tunnel according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a double-hole tunnel according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] In the figure: 1. First side wall; 2. Second side wall; 3. First sloping top plate; 4. Second sloping top plate; 5. Raised rib beam; 6. Middle partition wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0022] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings and described below. For ease of interpretation and precise definition in the appended claims, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" are used to describe features of the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings with reference to their positions.

[0023] Figures 1-4 The figure shows a single-hole tunnel elevation, AA cross-section, BB cross-section, and a single-hole tunnel stereogram according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention provides an open-cut tunnel roof structure, comprising a first side wall 1 and a second side wall 2 on both sides of the tunnel, and further comprising: a first sloping roof plate 3 fixedly connected to the first side wall 1, with an acute angle formed with the extension line of the first side wall 1; a second sloping roof plate 4 fixedly connected to the second side wall 2, with an acute angle formed with the extension line of the second side wall 2, and having the same dimensions as the first sloping roof plate 3; and a connecting portion connecting the top of the first sloping roof plate 3 and the top of the second sloping roof plate 4, with the center line coinciding with the center line of the cross section of the tunnel.

[0024] In the related art, the roof of an open-cut tunnel usually adopts a flat roof or a folded plate design. However, when the top of the open-cut tunnel is covered with a high amount of soil and the groundwater above the roof is abundant, the problem of poor drainage performance of the flat roof or the folded roof becomes more prominent, making it easy for the groundwater in the soil layer above the tunnel roof to form water accumulation on the top surface of the tunnel roof, thereby causing the tunnel roof to leak, affecting the normal operation and durable use of the tunnel. The embodiment of the utility model effectively guides water to both sides of the tunnel cross section by setting an inclination angle for two equal-sized sloping roof plates, thereby avoiding the occurrence of water accumulation problems. At the same time, the first sloping roof plate 1 and the second sloping roof plate 2 are connected to form an integral roof structure through a connecting portion to prevent water seepage from the roof.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sections of the first sloped top plate 3 and the second sloped top plate 4 are both rectangular.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the connecting portion is arched, and the thickness is the same as that of the first sloped top plate 3 .

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the width of the connecting portion is 1 / 10 of the width of the first sloped top plate 3 .

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first sloping top plate 3, the second sloping top plate 4 and the connecting portion are all made of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure.

[0029] If two sloping roof panels are connected in a conventional manner, stress concentration at the joint is high, making the roof structure susceptible to damage and cracks. Furthermore, this can cause significant construction inconvenience when the roof structure is cast in situ. The present invention utilizes an arched connection to connect the first sloping roof panel 3 and the second sloping roof panel 4, effectively improving the stress response of the sloping roof structure.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the open-cut tunnel roof structure also includes: a plurality of elevated rib beams 5, the upper ends of which are higher than the top of the connecting portion, and are used to divide the water-facing surfaces of the first sloping roof 3 and the second sloping roof 4 into a plurality of drainage areas along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the lower ends of which are higher than the top of the space required for the passage of people and vehicles in the tunnel.

[0031] In related technologies, the top surface of the tunnel roof is a continuous plane along the longitudinal direction. Groundwater in the soil layer above the tunnel roof can flow along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. When water leakage occurs in the tunnel, it is difficult to promptly identify the source of the structural leakage, making rapid treatment of the structural leakage more difficult. The present embodiment of the utility model provides multiple elevated rib beams 5, which divide the water-facing surface of the tunnel roof structure into multiple drainage areas, thereby enabling rapid identification of water leakage points. Furthermore, the elevated rib beams 5 can improve the structural stress and enhance the tunnel's spanning capacity.

[0032] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a double-hole tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 5 As shown, when the tunnel is a double-hole tunnel, the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the middle partition wall 6 of the double-hole tunnel.

[0033] Compared with a single-hole tunnel, a double-hole tunnel has a larger span. If the same roof structure as a single-hole tunnel is used, the two sloping roofs will have insufficient bearing capacity, and may even cause the structure to crack and collapse. In the double-hole tunnel scenario, the embodiment of the present invention fixes the connection between the tunnel partition wall 6 and the roof structure to provide additional supporting force for the roof structure, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the sloping roof structure at larger spans.

[0034] The effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0035] The invention solves the problems in the prior art of insufficient bearing capacity of the flat roof of open-cut tunnels, easy accumulation of water on the roof due to the lack of a transverse slope conducive to drainage, and difficulty in quickly finding structural leakage points caused by the longitudinal flow of groundwater in the stratum above the roof along the tunnel. The invention improves the structural bearing capacity and drainage performance of the roof of open-cut tunnels.

[0036] The above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention may be implemented. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications may be made based on the following description. These variations, modifications, substitutions, and variations arising from the principles and spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open-cut tunnel roof structure, comprising a first side wall and a second side wall on both sides of the tunnel, characterized in that: Also includes: a first sloping top plate, fixedly connected to the first side wall, and having an acute angle with an extension line of the first side wall; a second sloping top plate, fixedly connected to the second side wall, forming an acute angle with an extension line of the second side wall, and having the same dimensions as the first sloping top plate; a connecting portion connecting the top of the first sloping top plate and the top of the second sloping top plate, wherein a center line thereof coincides with a center line of a cross section of the tunnel; Multiple elevated rib beams, the upper ends of which are higher than the top of the connecting portion, are used to divide the water-facing surfaces of the first sloping top plate and the second sloping top plate into multiple drainage areas along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the lower ends of which are higher than the top of the space required for the passage of people and vehicles in the tunnel.

2. The open-cut tunnel roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross sections of the first sloping top plate and the second sloping top plate are both rectangular.

3. The open-cut tunnel roof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the connecting portion is arched, and the thickness is the same as that of the first sloped top plate.

4. The open-cut tunnel roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the connecting portion is 1 / 10 of the width of the first sloped top plate.

5. The open-cut tunnel roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sloping top plate, the second sloping top plate and the connecting portion are all cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures.

6. The open-cut tunnel roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the tunnel is a double-hole tunnel, the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the middle partition wall of the double-hole tunnel.

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