Composite concave structure negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of damping protection, in particular to a composite concave structure negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence which comprises negative Poisson's ratio units. The plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units are arranged in a staggered array, and each negative Poisson's ratio unit comprises an elastic inner core and an elastic shell; the two elastic inner cores are oppositely arranged, a gap is reserved between the two elastic inner cores, and the two elastic inner cores are arranged in a surrounding space of the elastic shell; the two side walls of the elastic shell are fixedly connected with the two elastic inner cores respectively, and the two side walls, connected with the elastic inner cores, of the elastic shell are concave inwards in the gap direction. The preset compression direction of the elastic shell is perpendicular to the preset compression direction of the elastic inner core, three stages of compression responses are designed, for different degrees of impact, the deformation stability of the structure is higher, the better protection effect and energy absorption efficiency are achieved, and the service life of the structure is prolonged. The problems of structure instability and low energy absorption efficiency in the prior art are thoroughly solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shock absorption and protection, in particular to an anti-collision fence with a composite concave structure and a negative Poisson's ratio. Background Art

[0002] Negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fences have a good energy absorption effect. When a collision occurs, they can convert the kinetic energy of the impact into a large amount of structural deformation energy through large deformation. At the same time, due to the negative Poisson's ratio effect, the impact area of ​​the fence will produce significant lateral contraction, thereby enhancing the cushioning and protection functions while increasing the energy absorption capacity. Therefore, it is widely used in general engineering practice.

[0003] The existing negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fences mainly include chiral structure anti-collision fences and concave structure anti-collision fences. Both types of negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fences have good energy absorption effects, but they will have instability problems during the collision process, which is manifested in buckling phenomena and the phenomenon of excessive negative Poisson's ratio response time. The former will cause excessive lateral deformation of the structure and destroy the original deformation mode of the structure, thereby reducing the energy absorption efficiency. The latter refers to the weakening of the negative Poisson's ratio effect due to excessive lateral deformation of the structure. The negative Poisson's ratio effect occurs with a time lag and an increased period, which will lead to a slow compaction speed, thereby reducing the buffering effect of the anti-collision fence and greatly reducing the protection effect. That is, both will lead to the problem of low energy absorption efficiency of the negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great application value to study a negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence with stable deformation mode and high energy absorption efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a composite concave structure with a negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence, so as to solve the problems of structural instability and low energy absorption efficiency of the existing negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a composite concave structure with a negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence, including a negative Poisson's ratio unit; a plurality of the negative Poisson's ratio units are arranged in a staggered array, and the negative Poisson's ratio unit includes an elastic core and an elastic shell; the two elastic cores are arranged opposite to each other, with a gap left between the two elastic cores, and the two elastic cores are arranged in the enclosed space of the elastic shell; the two side walls of the elastic shell are respectively connected and fixed to the two elastic cores, and the two side walls of the elastic shell connected to the elastic cores are both concave along the direction of the gap; the preset compression direction of the elastic shell is perpendicular to the preset compression direction of the elastic core.

[0007] In one embodiment, the negative Poisson's ratio units separated from each other on the edge of the crash fence leave a concave gap, and a first elastic edge core and a second elastic edge core are provided on the concave gap; the first elastic edge core and the second elastic edge core are arranged relative to each other, and the first elastic edge core is used to cooperate with the second elastic edge core to absorb the energy of the crash fence edge when it is under pressure.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first elastic edge core is provided with a first edge upper vertical plate and a first edge upper inclined plate, one end of the first edge upper vertical plate is connected and fixed to the side edge of the elastic negative Poisson's ratio unit, and the other end of the first edge upper vertical plate is connected and fixed to the first edge upper inclined plate; the second elastic edge core is provided with a second edge upper vertical plate and a second edge upper inclined plate, one end of the second edge upper vertical plate is connected and fixed to the side edge of the elastic negative Poisson's ratio unit, and the other end of the second edge upper vertical plate is connected and fixed to the second edge upper inclined plate; the first edge upper inclined plate and the second edge upper inclined plate are arranged opposite to each other, and both the first edge upper inclined plate and the second edge upper inclined plate are inclined along the concave direction of the concave gap, and a first movable gap is left between the first edge upper inclined plate and the second edge upper inclined plate.

[0009] In one embodiment, a first edge core body is connected and fixed to one end of the first edge inclined plate adjacent to the first movable gap, and the first edge core body is arranged along the length direction of the first elastic edge core; a second edge core body is connected and fixed to one end of the second edge inclined plate adjacent to the first movable gap, and the second edge core body is arranged along the length direction of the second elastic edge core; the first edge core body and the second edge core body cooperate to engage with each other along a preset direction when under pressure.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first supralimbal core body is a first spherical convex structure, and the second supralimbal core body is a first crescent-shaped concave structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, the preset compression direction axis of the elastic core is parallel to the side wall of the elastic shell away from the two elastic cores.

[0012] In one embodiment, the elastic inner core is provided with a vertical plate inside the shell, a first inclined plate inside the shell and a second inclined plate inside the shell; the vertical plate inside the shell is connected and fixed to the concave side wall of the elastic outer shell, and the two ends of the vertical plate inside the shell are respectively connected and fixed to the first inclined plate inside the shell and the second inclined plate inside the shell, the first inclined plate inside the shell and the second inclined plate inside the shell are both inclined along the direction of the gap, and a second movable gap is left between the first inclined plate inside the shell and the second inclined plate inside the shell.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first shell inner inclined plate is connected and fixed to one end adjacent to the second movable gap with a first shell inner core body, and the first shell inner core body is arranged along the length direction of the elastic core; the second shell inner inclined plate is connected and fixed to one end adjacent to the second movable gap with a second shell inner core body, and the second shell inner core body is arranged along the length direction of the elastic core; the first shell inner core body and the second shell inner core body adjacent to the elastic core cooperate to engage with each other along a preset direction when under pressure, and the second shell inner core body and the first shell inner core body adjacent to the elastic core cooperate to engage with each other along a preset direction when under pressure.

[0014] In one embodiment, the inner core of the first shell is a second spherical convex structure, and the inner core of the second shell is a second crescent-shaped concave structure.

[0015] In one embodiment, the two elastic cores are centrally symmetrically arranged.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0017] Since the multiple negative Poisson's ratio units are arranged in a staggered array, the negative Poisson's ratio unit includes an elastic core and an elastic shell; and the enclosing space of the elastic shell sets the two elastic cores therein, and the two side walls of the elastic shell are respectively connected and fixed to the two elastic cores, and the two side walls of the elastic shell connected to the elastic cores are both concave along the direction of the gap. Therefore, when used, the multiple negative Poisson's ratio units are staggered to form a crash barrier. When the crash barrier is hit, the elastic shell constituting the outermost structure of the negative Poisson's ratio unit will first perform a first stage compression response. When the elastic shell is hit, the concave structure of the elastic shell will cause the elastic shell to compress and deform along the preset compression direction. At this time, the first-order response converts part of the energy at the time of impact into deformation energy of the elastic shell.

[0018] And because the elastic shell is connected and fixed on the concave wall surface of the elastic core, the two elastic cores are arranged opposite to each other, and a gap is left between the two elastic cores. The preset compression direction of the elastic shell is perpendicular to the preset compression direction of the elastic core. Therefore, when used, after the deformation degree of the elastic shell along the preset compression direction deepens, the elastic core constituting the second layer structure of the negative Poisson's ratio unit will perform a second stage compression response. When the concave structures of the elastic shells on both sides are impacted and approach each other along the preset direction, the two elastic cores are driven to approach each other along the preset direction perpendicular to the elastic shells until they abut against each other, thereby turning the original gap into a mutually abutting and biting structure, that is, when the remaining side walls of the elastic shell are not connected to the edge walls of the elastic core, the two elastic cores inside form a biting horizontal hourglass structure. At this time, the second stage response converts part of the energy of the impact into deformation energy of the elastic core.

[0019] And since the preset compression direction of the elastic shell is perpendicular to the preset compression direction of the elastic core, during application, as the deformation of the elastic shell and the elastic core along the preset compression direction deepens, the elastic core constituting the negative Poisson's ratio unit abuts against the elastic shell to perform a third-stage compression response, that is, the walls of the elastic shell on both sides abut against the edges of the elastic core, and the internal elastic core abuts against the side walls of the elastic shell to form a "mouth"-shaped structure and an "X"-shaped structure inside the "mouth"-shaped structure. The third-stage response converts part of the energy during the impact into deformation energy of the elastic core.

[0020] To sum up, when the anti-collision fence is hit, it will perform a first-stage compression response, that is, the elastic shell is compressed along a preset compression direction. After completing the first-stage compression response, the second stage responds on the basis of the first stage, that is, the elastic core is compressed along a preset compression direction perpendicular to the elastic shell. After completing the second-stage compression response, the third stage responds on the basis of the second stage. The three stages are progressive, that is, the elastic shell and the elastic core are compressed to abut each other. Through such a design, for different degrees of impact, the degree of compression utilization of the structure of the present application is different, which can achieve higher utilization efficiency, have better protection capabilities and energy absorption effects, and completely solve the problem of structural instability in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic side view of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a negative Poisson's ratio unit provided by a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is an initial schematic diagram of a conventional concave structure in the prior art;

[0027] Figure 6 It is an overall initial schematic diagram provided by the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional concave structure in the prior art subjected to a 10% strain;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present utility model being subjected to a 10% strain;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional concave structure in the prior art subjected to a 20% strain;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention subjected to a 20% strain;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional concave structure in the prior art subjected to a 30% strain;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention subjected to a 30% strain;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional concave structure in the prior art subjected to a 40% strain;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention subjected to a 40% strain;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional concave structure in the prior art subjected to 50% strain;

[0037] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention subjected to 50% strain.

[0038] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0039] 1. Negative Poisson's ratio unit; 2. Elastic shell; 3. Elastic core; 30. Gap; 31. Vertical plate in shell; 32. Inclined plate in first shell; 320. Core body in first shell; 33. Inclined plate in second shell; 330. Core body in second shell; 34. Second movable gap; 4. Concave gap; 5. First elastic edge core; 50. Vertical plate on first edge; 51. Inclined plate on first edge; 510. Core body on first edge; 6. Second elastic edge core; 60. Vertical plate on second edge; 61. Inclined plate on second edge; 610. Core body on second edge; 7. First movable gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] Existing negative Poisson's ratio crash barriers suffer from structural instability and low energy absorption efficiency. These issues are manifested in three key aspects: First, the vast majority of negative Poisson's ratio crash barriers exhibit significant buckling during impact, leading to structural instability. This results in low energy absorption efficiency, hindering the full potential of their negative Poisson's ratio properties. Second, during violent impacts, the negative Poisson's ratio effect persists excessively, resulting in slow compaction and a reduction in cushioning effectiveness, significantly compromising protection. Third, during impact, the structure's mechanical response to the impact is monotonous, lacking controllability.

[0042] To solve the above problems, this solution provides a crash barrier with a composite concave structure and a negative Poisson's ratio. By setting the technical feature of "elastic core", the response stage of the crash barrier is increased, the buckling of the main structure under effective working deformation is avoided, thereby shortening the duration of the negative Poisson's ratio and improving the energy absorption efficiency.

[0043] Specifically, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figures 1 to 16 As shown, it includes a negative Poisson's ratio unit 1; multiple negative Poisson's ratio units 1 are arranged in a staggered array, each negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 includes two elastic cores 3 and an elastic shell 2; the two elastic cores 3 are arranged opposite to each other, with a gap 30 left between the two elastic cores 3, and the two elastic cores 3 are arranged in the enclosed space of the elastic shell 2; the two side walls of the elastic shell 2 are respectively connected and fixed to the two elastic cores 3, and the two side walls of the elastic shell 2 connected to the elastic cores 3 are concave along the direction of the gap 30; the preset compression direction of the elastic shell 2 is perpendicular to the preset compression direction of the elastic core 3.

[0044] The preset compression direction of the elastic shell 2 is Figure 2 The vertical direction shown in , the preset compression direction of the elastic core 3 is Figure 2 As shown in the horizontal direction, the two directions are arranged perpendicular to each other, so that when the elastic shell 2 is compressed in the vertical direction, the elastic core 3 is driven to be compressed in the horizontal direction, thereby realizing a multi-stage compression response.

[0045] Therefore, when the anti-collision fence composed of a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units 1 arranged in a staggered manner is hit, the elastic shell 2 constituting the external structure of the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 first responds to compression, and the elastic shell 2 is compressed inwardly along the vertical direction, and the energy of the anti-collision fence being hit is first converted into deformation energy of the elastic shell 2; when the elastic shell 2 is gradually compressed inwardly, the concave side wall of the elastic shell 2 will drive the two elastic cores 3 to approach each other until they abut against each other. When the two elastic cores 3 abut against each other and the remaining side walls of the elastic shell 2 are not connected to the edge walls of the elastic core 3, the two elastic cores 3 will The second stage of compression response is carried out, that is, driven by the inward compression of the elastic shell 2 in the vertical direction, the two elastic cores 3 are compressed in the horizontal direction, and the energy of the impact on the anti-collision fence is also converted into deformation energy of the elastic core 3; when the elastic shell 2 is compressed inward until the remaining side walls abut the elastic core 3, the elastic shell 2 and the elastic core 3 will carry out the third stage of compression response, that is, in the vertical direction, the side walls of the elastic shell 2 that were originally the only support are now supported by the side walls of the elastic shell 2 and the side walls of the elastic core 3, further making the structure denser and converting the remaining impact energy into deformation energy of the two.

[0046] Regarding the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 mentioned above, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units 1 are arranged in a staggered array to form the structure of the anti-collision fence, and since the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 is composed of an elastic shell 2 and an elastic core 3, both the elastic shell 2 and the elastic core 3 have a compression deformation structure, so that the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 and the anti-collision fence composed of the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 also have the function of compression deformation. When the anti-collision fence is hit, the energy of the impact will be converted into the deformation energy of the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units 1, thereby achieving better protection capability.

[0047] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the staggered array arrangement means that after a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units 1 are arranged in a row with end-to-end connection in the vertical direction, the columns are staggered in the vertical direction by half a negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 and merged, thereby forming a staggered array arrangement of a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units 1 on the crash barrier.

[0048] It should be noted that when multiple negative Poisson's ratio units 1 are arranged in a staggered manner, such as Figure 2As shown, the negative Poisson's ratio units 1 separated from each other on the edge of the crash barrier will leave a concave gap 4.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to improve the absorption effect of the edge of the anti-collision fence, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first elastic edge core 5 and a second elastic edge core 6 are provided on the concave gap 4, and the first elastic edge core 5 and the second elastic edge core 6 are arranged relative to each other. The first elastic edge core 5 is used to cooperate with the second elastic edge core 6 to absorb the energy of the edge of the anti-collision fence when it is under pressure. Through such an arrangement, when the edge of the anti-collision fence is hit, the first elastic edge core 5 and the second elastic edge core 6 can be compressed against each other to absorb energy.

[0050] Further, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to realize the compression deformation function of the first elastic edge core 5 and the second elastic edge core 6, the first elastic edge core 5 and the second elastic edge core 6 are designed to be Figure 2 The hook-shaped structure shown has two hook-shaped structures arranged opposite to each other. Due to the gap space in the hook-shaped structure, it can be compressed and deformed when impacted, and the energy of the edge impact is converted into deformation energy.

[0051] For the first elastic edge core 5, the first elastic edge core 5 is provided with a first edge upper vertical plate 50 and a first edge upper inclined plate 51. One end of the first edge upper vertical plate 50 is connected to and fixed to the side edge of the elastic negative Poisson's ratio unit 1, and the other end of the first edge upper vertical plate 50 is connected to and fixed to the first edge upper inclined plate 51.

[0052] For the first elastic edge core 5, the second elastic edge core 6 is provided with a second edge upper vertical plate 60 and a second edge upper inclined plate 61, one end of the second edge upper vertical plate 60 is connected to the side edge of the fixed elastic negative Poisson's ratio unit 1, and the other end of the second edge upper vertical plate 60 is connected to the fixed second edge upper inclined plate 61; the first edge upper inclined plate 51 and the second edge upper inclined plate 61 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first edge upper inclined plate 51 and the second edge upper inclined plate 61 are both inclined along the concave direction of the concave gap 4, and a first movable gap 7 is left between the first edge upper inclined plate 51 and the second edge upper inclined plate 61.

[0053] It should be pointed out that the side edges of the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 refer to the four edges on the outside of the hourglass-shaped structure of the elastic shell 2. After the first elastic edge core 5 and the second elastic edge core 6 are connected and fixed to the side edges, when the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 is compressed in the vertical direction, the outer side of the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 will be driven to expand in the horizontal direction.

[0054] Through such a setting, when the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 is under pressure, it will drive the first elastic edge core 5 and the second elastic edge core 6 to compress and approach each other until they abut, that is, drive the first edge upper inclined plate 51 and the second edge upper inclined plate 61 to approach each other along the direction of the first movable gap 7 until they abut and bite, thereby realizing the bite compression deformation of the first elastic edge core 5 and the second elastic edge core 6.

[0055] Furthermore, in order to realize the mutual engagement function between the first elastic edge core 5 and the second elastic edge core 6, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first edge upper inclined plate 51 and the second edge upper inclined plate 61 are both provided with a special structure so that the two can be tightly abutted against each other. Through such a setting, the first edge upper inclined plate 51 and the second edge upper inclined plate 61 can realize the function of mutual engagement in the horizontal direction when under pressure.

[0056] For the first edge upper inclined plate 51, a first edge upper core body 510 is connected and fixed to one end of the first edge upper inclined plate 51 adjacent to the first movable gap 7. The first edge upper core body 510 is arranged along the length direction of the first elastic edge inner core 5, and the first edge upper core body 510 is a first spherical convex structure.

[0057] For the second edge upper inclined plate 61, a second edge upper core 610 is connected and fixed to one end of the second edge upper inclined plate 61 adjacent to the first movable gap 7. The second edge upper core 610 is arranged along the length direction of the second elastic edge core 6, and the second edge upper core 610 is a crescent-shaped concave structure.

[0058] With such a configuration, the first edge core 510 and the second edge core 610 can form a close contact structure through the engagement of the spherical convex structure and the crescent-shaped concave structure after abutting each other, thereby fully absorbing the energy brought by the impact edge.

[0059] From the above, it can be seen that when the edge of the negative Poisson's ratio unit 1 is under pressure, that is, when the edge of the anti-collision fence is hit, when the two phase-separated negative Poisson's ratio units 1 are vertically compressed and deformed, their side edges will drive the first edge core body 510 and the second edge core body 610 of the elastic edge core to approach each other until they abut. After the first edge core body 510 and the second edge core body 610 abut, a close contact structure is formed through the spherical convex structure and the crescent-shaped concave bite. The energy of the impact is converted into deformation energy of the close contact structure, so that the concave gap 4 on the edge of the anti-collision fence has the purpose of good energy absorption.

[0060] Regarding the elastic shell 2, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the elastic shell 2 has the function of compressing and deforming inward in the vertical direction. Through such a setting, the energy during the impact can be converted into compression deformation energy in the vertical direction of the elastic shell 2, that is, the first stage of compression response is performed. In order to realize the inward compression deformation function, the present application is implemented from both structural and material aspects.

[0061] From a structural point of view, the elastic shell 2 has an hourglass-shaped structure as a whole. The upper and lower shell walls of the elastic shell 2 remain horizontal, and the side walls of the elastic shell 2 are concave toward the center. Through such a setting, when the elastic shell 2 is impacted, it will be compressed along the concave structure, that is, it will perform the first stage of compression response, thereby achieving the purpose of vertical compression deformation of the elastic shell 2.

[0062] In terms of materials, the elastic shell 2 is made of elastically deformable materials so that it can be elastically deformed and recovered after being impacted, thereby preventing the elastic shell 2 from breaking even with a slight impact. Specific elastic materials include but are not limited to spring steel, rubber, sponge and latex. Those skilled in the art can choose according to their actual needs.

[0063] During application, when the anti-collision fence is hit, the elastic shell 2 is compressed and deformed in the vertical direction, such as Figure 5 As shown, the original hourglass-shaped structure elastically transforms in the height direction, that is, it becomes shorter in the height direction, thus completing the first stage of compression response. For details, please refer to Figure 8 .

[0064] Regarding the elastic kernel 3 mentioned above, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, each elastic core 3 is provided with a vertical plate 31 in the shell, a first inclined plate 32 in the shell and a second inclined plate 33 in the shell; the vertical plate 31 in the shell is connected to and fixed to the concave side wall of the elastic outer shell 2, and the two ends of the vertical plate 31 in the shell are respectively connected to and fixed to the first inclined plate 32 in the shell and the second inclined plate 33 in the shell, and the first inclined plate 32 in the shell and the second inclined plate 33 in the shell are both inclined along the direction of the gap 30, and a second movable gap 34 is left between the first inclined plate 32 in the shell and the second inclined plate 33 in the shell. Through such an arrangement, the first inclined plate 32 in the shell and the second inclined plate 33 in the shell are both connected and fixed to the vertical plate 31 in the shell, forming a triangular structure with open end points. The triangular structure can withstand greater deformation energy during compression deformation, thereby realizing compression deformation of the elastic core 3.

[0065] During application, when the elastic shell 2 is compressed and deformed in the vertical direction, the concave side walls on both sides of the elastic shell 2 drive the vertical plates 31 in the shell on both sides to approach each other, thereby driving the first shell inner inclined plate 32 of the elastic core 3 on one side and the second shell inner inclined plate 33 of the adjacent elastic core 3 to approach each other until they are engaged and abutted. After abutment, the two elastic cores 3 realize the horizontal compression deformation function of the elastic cores 3, that is, after the first stage compression response, the elastic shell 2 drives the two elastic cores 3 to convert the energy during the collision into the horizontal compression deformation energy of the elastic cores 3, so as to perform the second stage compression response.

[0066] Furthermore, in order to realize the function of engaging the first shell inner inclined plate 32 with the second shell inner inclined plate 33 of the adjacent elastic core 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the first shell inner inclined plate 32 and the second shell inner inclined plate 33 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are both provided with a special structure so that the two can bite each other. Through such a design, the elastic core 3 can achieve bite compression in the horizontal direction.

[0067] As for the first shell inner inclined plate 32, one end of the first shell inner inclined plate 32 adjacent to the second movable gap 34 is connected and fixed to the first shell inner core 320. The first shell inner core 320 is arranged along the length direction of the elastic core 3. The first shell inner core 320 is a spherical convex structure. The first shell inner core 320 cooperates with the second shell inner core 330 of the adjacent elastic core 3 to engage with each other along a preset direction when under pressure.

[0068] As for the second shell inner inclined plate 33, one end of the second shell inner inclined plate 33 adjacent to the second movable gap 34 is connected and fixed to the second shell inner core 330. The second shell inner core 330 is arranged along the length direction of the elastic core 3. The second shell inner core 330 is a crescent-shaped concave structure. The second shell inner core 330 cooperates with the first shell inner core 320 of the adjacent elastic core 3 to engage with each other along a preset direction when under pressure.

[0069] Through such an arrangement, when the elastic outer shell 2 is vertically compressed and deformed, the first shell inner core 320 on the first shell inner inclined plate 32 and the second shell inner core 330 on the adjacent second shell inner inclined plate 33 of the elastic inner shell on both sides are driven to approach each other in the horizontal direction until they abut against each other. After abutting, a close contact structure can be formed by the engagement of the spherical convex structure and the crescent-shaped concave structure, thereby fully absorbing the energy brought by the impact edge.

[0070] Furthermore, in order to achieve a better engagement function between the first shell inner inclined plate 32 and the second shell inner inclined plate 33, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the two elastic cores 3 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center, and the inclined plate 32 in the first shell and the adjacent inclined plate 33 in the second shell are on the same horizontal axis. This arrangement has a better bite function than the arrangement in which the inclined plate 32 in the first shell and the adjacent inclined plate 33 in the second shell are on the same oblique axis.

[0071] During application, when the edge of the anti-collision fence is hit, the elastic shell 2 is compressed vertically, driving the vertical plate 31 of the elastic core 3 to be compressed horizontally, so that the first shell inner inclined plate 32 and the second shell inner inclined plate 33 of the elastic core 3 are connected to the second shell inner inclined plate 33 and the first shell inner inclined plate 32 of the adjacent elastic core 3, that is, the two elastic cores 3 are transformed from a separated open triangular structure into a tightly connected horizontal hourglass structure, thereby performing the second stage compression response. For details, please refer to Figure 10 .

[0072] In order to realize the third stage of compression response function, such as Figure 2 As shown, the preset compression direction axis of the elastic core 3 is parallel to the side walls of the elastic shell 2 away from the two elastic cores 3. Through such an arrangement, the horizontal direction of the elastic core 3 is kept parallel to the upper and lower side walls of the elastic shell 2, avoiding the problem of the vertical plate 31 inside the shell of the elastic core 3 being non-perpendicular and tilting when abutting against the side walls of the elastic shell 2. If the shell is kept vertical, the vertical plate 31 inside the shell has a better energy absorption effect.

[0073] During use, when the elastic shell 2 is compressed until the side walls of the elastic shell 2 contact the ends of the vertical plates 31 of the elastic core 3, the ends of the two elastic cores 3 and the side walls of the elastic shell 2 change from a separated structure to a "mouth" structure and an "X" structure perpendicular to each other. For details, please refer to Figure 12 .

[0074] From the above, we can know the basic structure and principle of the present invention. The following uses the finite element software Abaqus to describe the specific pressure-bearing process of the traditional concave structure and the structure of the present invention under quasi-static loading. The initial states of the traditional concave structure and the structure of the present invention are as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0075] When the structure is subjected to 10% strain, the traditional concave structure such as Figure 7 As shown, when the traditional concave structure is hit, the vertical height is reduced. The structure of the present application is as follows Figure 8 As shown, the first stage of compression response is performed, and the elastic shell 2 is compressed in the vertical direction, but the first shell core body 320 and the second shell core body 330 of the adjacent elastic cores 3 are not in contact.

[0076] When the structure is subjected to 20% strain, the traditional concave structure such as Figure 9 As shown, when the traditional concave structure is hit, the structure deforms, that is, buckling occurs. The structure of the present application is as shown in FIG. Figure 10As shown, the second stage of compression response is performed, the elastic shell 2 is compressed in the vertical direction, and drives the elastic core 3 to be compressed in the horizontal direction, that is, the first shell core body 320 and the second shell core body 330 of the adjacent elastic core 3 are in contact, but the shell inner vertical plate 31 of the elastic core 3 is not in contact with the side wall of the elastic shell 2.

[0077] When the structure is subjected to 30% strain, the traditional concave structure such as Figure 11 As shown, severe buckling has occurred. The structure of this application is as follows Figure 12 As shown, the third stage of compression response is performed, and the elastic shell 2 is compressed in the vertical direction until the vertical plate 31 inside the elastic core 3 contacts the side wall of the elastic shell 2, forming a "mouth"-shaped structure and an "X"-shaped structure.

[0078] When the structure is subjected to 40% strain, the traditional concave structure such as Figure 13 As shown, the buckling phenomenon is obvious, and the structure of this application is as follows Figure 14 As shown, the stable compression structure is still maintained.

[0079] When the structure is subjected to 50% strain, the traditional concave structure such as Figure 15 As shown, the buckling phenomenon causes the overall structure to deform. The structure of this application is as follows Figure 16 As shown, a stable high-density structure is maintained.

[0080] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite concave structure with a negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence, characterized in that: Includes negative Poisson's ratio elements; A plurality of the negative Poisson's ratio units are arranged in a staggered array, and the negative Poisson's ratio unit comprises an elastic core and an elastic shell; The two elastic cores are arranged opposite to each other with a gap between them, and the two elastic cores are arranged in the enclosed space of the elastic shell; The two side walls of the elastic shell are respectively connected to and fixed with the two elastic cores, and the two side walls of the elastic shell connected to the elastic cores are both concave along the direction of the gap; The preset compression direction of the elastic shell and the preset compression direction of the elastic core are perpendicular to each other.

2. The composite concave structure negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative Poisson's ratio units separated from each other on the edge of the anti-collision fence leave a concave gap, and the concave gap is provided with a first elastic edge core and a second elastic edge core; The first elastic edge core and the second elastic edge core are arranged opposite to each other, and the first elastic edge core is used to cooperate with the second elastic edge core to absorb the energy of the edge of the anti-collision fence when it is under pressure.

3. The composite concave structure negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first elastic edge core is provided with a first edge upper vertical plate and a first edge upper inclined plate, one end of the first edge upper vertical plate is connected and fixed to the side edge of the elastic negative Poisson's ratio unit, and the other end of the first edge upper vertical plate is connected and fixed to the first edge upper inclined plate; The second elastic edge core is provided with a second edge upper vertical plate and a second edge upper inclined plate, one end of the second edge upper vertical plate is connected and fixed to the side edge of the elastic negative Poisson's ratio unit, and the other end of the second edge upper vertical plate is connected and fixed to the second edge upper inclined plate; The first edge upper inclined plate and the second edge upper inclined plate are arranged opposite to each other, and both are inclined along the concave direction of the concave gap, and a first movable gap is left between the first edge upper inclined plate and the second edge upper inclined plate.

4. The composite concave structure negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first edge core is fixedly connected to one end of the first edge upper inclined plate adjacent to the first movable gap, and the first edge core is arranged along the length direction of the first elastic edge core; A second edge core is fixedly connected to one end of the second edge upper inclined plate adjacent to the first movable gap, and the second edge core is arranged along the length direction of the second elastic edge core; The first supra-edge core body and the second supra-edge core body cooperate to engage with each other along a preset direction when under pressure.

5. The anti-collision fence with a composite concave structure and negative Poisson's ratio according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first supralimbal nuclear body is a first spherical convex structure, and the second supralimbal nuclear body is a first crescent-shaped concave structure.

6. The composite concave structure negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset compression direction axis of the elastic core is parallel to the side wall of the elastic shell away from the two elastic cores.

7. The composite concave structure negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic core is provided with a shell inner vertical plate, a first shell inner inclined plate and a second shell inner inclined plate; The vertical plate inside the shell is connected and fixed to the concave side wall of the elastic shell, and the two ends of the vertical plate inside the shell are respectively connected and fixed to the first inclined plate inside the shell and the second inclined plate inside the shell. The first inclined plate inside the shell and the second inclined plate inside the shell are both inclined along the direction of the gap, and a second movable gap is left between the first inclined plate inside the shell and the second inclined plate inside the shell.

8. The composite concave structure negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision fence according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first shell inner inclined plate is connected and fixed to one end adjacent to the second movable gap with a first shell inner core, and the first shell inner core is arranged along the length direction of the elastic core; The second shell inner inclined plate is connected and fixed to one end adjacent to the second movable gap with a second shell inner core, and the second shell inner core is arranged along the length direction of the elastic core; The first shell core body cooperates with the second shell core body adjacent to the elastic core to engage with each other along a preset direction when under pressure, and the second shell core body cooperates with the first shell core body adjacent to the elastic core to engage with each other along a preset direction when under pressure.

9. The anti-collision fence with a composite concave structure and negative Poisson's ratio according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner core of the first shell is a second spherical convex structure, and the inner core of the second shell is a second crescent-shaped concave structure.

10. The anti-collision fence with a composite concave structure and negative Poisson's ratio according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two elastic cores are centrally symmetrically arranged.

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