Voltage acquisition circuit based on single-chip microcomputer

Abstract

A voltage acquisition circuit based on a single-chip microcomputer is provided with an AC power supply, a voltage and current conversion circuit, an isolation circuit, a rectification circuit and a current and voltage conversion circuit. The voltage and current conversion circuit is electrically connected with an alternating current power supply and is used for converting a voltage signal provided by the alternating current power supply into a current signal; the isolation circuit is electrically connected with the voltage and current conversion circuit, and the isolation circuit is used for converting the current signal converted by the voltage and current conversion circuit into an isolation current signal; the rectifying circuit is electrically connected with the isolating circuit, and the rectifying circuit is used for rectifying the isolating current signal converted by the isolating circuit; and the current-voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected with the rectification circuit and is used for converting the current signal rectified by the rectification circuit into a voltage signal for voltage acquisition of the single-chip microcomputer. According to the utility model, the monitoring cost of an AC voltage circuit is greatly reduced, the performance of a single-chip microcomputer is reasonably utilized, and the AC voltage is stably monitored through acquisition at a speed far higher than 50Hz of the single-chip microcomputer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer, belonging to the technical field of voltage acquisition. Background Art

[0002] A lightning strike counter is an instrument used to record the number of lightning current strikes. It can be used to analyze and assess thunderstorm conditions in a specific area and monitor the operating status of lightning protection equipment. It typically comes in two types: mechanical and electronic. Electronic lightning strike counters consume power and utilize an electronic display unit, requiring a power supply. When a lightning current strikes, a sensor collects the lightning current signal, processes it, and sends it to a display unit controlled by a microcontroller, recording the lightning current.

[0003] At present, the voltage acquisition circuit design in lightning counters has high circuit complexity, large hardware size, inconvenient design, and requires an energy chip for signal acquisition, which consumes a lot of power. This leads to high costs for AC voltage circuit monitoring, inability to reasonably utilize chip resources, and difficulty in stably monitoring AC voltage. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer to solve the problems of high circuit complexity, high power consumption, inability to reasonably utilize chip resources, and difficulty in stably monitoring AC voltage in traditional designs.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer includes an AC power supply, a voltage-current conversion circuit, an isolation circuit, a rectifier circuit and a current-voltage conversion circuit;

[0006] The voltage-current conversion circuit is electrically connected to the AC power supply, and is used to convert the voltage signal provided by the AC power supply into a current signal;

[0007] The isolation circuit is electrically connected to the voltage-current conversion circuit, and the isolation circuit is used to convert the current signal converted by the voltage-current conversion circuit into an isolated current signal;

[0008] The rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the isolation circuit, and the rectifier circuit is used to rectify the isolation current signal converted by the isolation circuit;

[0009] The current-voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit, and the current-voltage conversion circuit is used to convert the current signal rectified by the rectifier circuit into a voltage signal for voltage acquisition by the single chip microcomputer.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the voltage acquisition circuit based on the single chip microcomputer, the voltage-to-current conversion circuit converts the voltage signal provided by the AC power supply into a current signal through a metal film resistor.

[0011] As a preferred solution for the voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer, the isolation circuit includes several Hall voltage sensors, each of which has a current signal input pin, a current signal output pin, an isolated current signal input pin, and an isolated current signal output pin.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer, the rectifier circuit includes a rectifier chip D1, and the rectifier chip D1 has an isolated current signal input pin, an isolated current signal output pin, a rectifier signal output pin and a ground pin.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the voltage acquisition circuit based on the single chip microcomputer, the current-voltage conversion circuit includes a pull-up resistor R11 and a filter capacitor C1;

[0014] The pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, and one end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 is connected to the rectifier signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1; one end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the voltage signal output pin;

[0015] The other ends of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 connected in parallel are grounded.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer, the voltage-to-current conversion circuit, the isolation circuit, the rectification circuit, and the current-to-voltage conversion circuit are all provided with three stages.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: it is provided with an AC power supply, a voltage-current conversion circuit, an isolation circuit, a rectifier circuit, and a current-voltage conversion circuit; the voltage-current conversion circuit is electrically connected to the AC power supply, and the voltage-current conversion circuit is used to convert the voltage signal provided by the AC power supply into a current signal; the isolation circuit is electrically connected to the voltage-current conversion circuit, and the isolation circuit is used to convert the current signal converted by the voltage-current conversion circuit into an isolated current signal; the rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the isolation circuit, and the rectifier circuit is used to rectify the isolated current signal converted by the isolation circuit; the current-voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit, and the current-voltage conversion circuit is used to convert the current signal rectified by the rectifier circuit into a voltage signal for voltage acquisition by a single-chip microcomputer. The utility model greatly reduces the cost of AC voltage circuit monitoring, reasonably utilizes the performance of the single-chip microcomputer, converts the high-voltage AC signal into a half-wave signal, and acquires the AC voltage at a rate far higher than 50Hz through the single chip, which is the simplest and most stable way to monitor the AC voltage; at the same time, the utility model can also realize the testing of strong electric signals by patch components, greatly saving hardware size and cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings.

[0019] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are intended solely to complement the contents disclosed herein and to facilitate understanding and reading by persons skilled in the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention may be implemented and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in sizes, without affecting the efficacy and objectives of the present invention, shall remain within the scope of the technical contents disclosed herein.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a voltage acquisition circuit architecture based on a single chip microcomputer provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a voltage-to-current conversion circuit in a single-chip microcomputer-based voltage acquisition circuit provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an isolation circuit in a single chip microcomputer-based voltage acquisition circuit provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit in a voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a current-to-voltage conversion circuit in a voltage acquisition circuit based on a single-chip microcomputer provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a three-stage design of a voltage acquisition circuit based on a single-chip microcomputer provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] In the figure, 1. AC power supply; 2. Voltage-current conversion circuit; 3. Isolation circuit; 4. Rectification circuit; 5. Current-voltage conversion circuit; 6. Microcontroller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the embodiment of the utility model provides a voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer, comprising an AC power supply 1, a voltage-current conversion circuit 2, an isolation circuit 3, a rectifier circuit 4 and a current-voltage conversion circuit 5;

[0030] The voltage-current conversion circuit 2 is electrically connected to the AC power supply 1, and the voltage-current conversion circuit 2 is used to convert the voltage signal provided by the AC power supply 1 into a current signal;

[0031] The isolation circuit 3 is electrically connected to the voltage-current conversion circuit 2, and the isolation circuit 3 is used to convert the current signal converted by the voltage-current conversion circuit 2 into an isolated current signal;

[0032] The rectifier circuit 4 is electrically connected to the isolation circuit 3, and the rectifier circuit 4 is used to rectify the isolation current signal converted by the isolation circuit 3;

[0033] The current-voltage conversion circuit 5 is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 4 , and is used to convert the current signal rectified by the rectifier circuit 4 into a voltage signal for the single chip microcomputer 6 to perform voltage acquisition.

[0034] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment, the voltage-to-current conversion circuit 2 converts the voltage signal provided by the AC power source 1 into a current signal via metal film resistors. The metal film resistors used in the voltage-to-current conversion circuit 2 offer high precision and durability, while also having a rated power that is more than twice the actual power.

[0035] See also Figure 3 In this embodiment, the isolation circuit 3 includes a plurality of Hall voltage sensors, each of which has a current signal input pin, a current signal output pin, an isolated current signal input pin, and an isolated current signal output pin. Figure 4 The rectifier circuit 4 includes a rectifier chip D1, and the rectifier chip D1 has an isolated current signal input pin, an isolated current signal output pin, a rectified signal output pin and a ground pin.

[0036] Specifically, the Hall voltage sensor is connected to the current output of the voltage-to-current conversion circuit 2 via the current signal input pin, grounded via the current signal output pin, connected in series with the isolated current signal input pin of the rectifier chip D1 via the isolated current signal input pin, connected in series with the isolated current signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1 via the isolated current signal output pin, connected in series with the isolated current signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1, connected to the rectifier signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1, connected to the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 5, and the ground pin of the rectifier chip D1 is grounded. The Hall voltage sensor achieves conversion and isolation of strong and weak current signals.

[0037] See also Figure 5 In this embodiment, the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 5 includes a pull-up resistor R11 and a filter capacitor C1. The pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, with one end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 connected to the rectifier signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1. One end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected to the microcontroller 6 via the voltage signal output pin. The other end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 are grounded. The pull-up resistor R11 can stabilize the current signal into a voltage signal and provide it to the microcontroller 6.

[0038] See also Figure 6In one possible embodiment, the voltage-current conversion circuit 2, the isolation circuit 3, the rectifier circuit 4, and the current-voltage conversion circuit 5 are all configured in three stages. The principles of the three-stage voltage-current conversion circuit 2, the isolation circuit 3, the rectifier circuit 4, and the current-voltage conversion circuit 5 are similar, except that the component symbols of the electronic components are different. The three-stage voltage division design increases the withstand voltage level, enabling the measurement of high-voltage signals by surface mount components. No power chip is required, and signal acquisition is performed through stable analog circuits. AC signals can be converted into sawtooth waves, and the peak value increases or decreases proportionally with the increase or decrease of the input signal.

[0039] To sum up, the utility model is provided with an AC power supply 1, a voltage-current conversion circuit 2, an isolation circuit 3, a rectifier circuit 4 and a current-voltage conversion circuit 5; the voltage-current conversion circuit 2 is electrically connected to the AC power supply 1, and the voltage-current conversion circuit 2 is used to convert the voltage signal provided by the AC power supply 1 into a current signal; the isolation circuit 3 is electrically connected to the voltage-current conversion circuit 2, and the isolation circuit 3 is used to convert the current signal converted by the voltage-current conversion circuit 2 into an isolated current signal; the rectifier circuit 4 is electrically connected to the isolation circuit 3, and the rectifier circuit 4 is used to rectify the isolated current signal converted by the isolation circuit 3; the current-voltage conversion circuit 5 is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 4, and the current-voltage conversion circuit 5 is used to convert the current signal rectified by the rectifier circuit 4 into a voltage signal for voltage acquisition by the single-chip microcomputer 6. The Hall voltage sensor is connected to the current output of the voltage-current conversion circuit 2 via the current signal input pin, and is grounded via the current signal output pin. The Hall voltage sensor is connected in series with the isolated current signal input pin of the rectifier chip D1 via the isolated current signal input pin, and is connected in series with the isolated current signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1 via the isolated current signal output pin. The rectifier signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1 is connected to the current-voltage conversion circuit 5, and the ground pin of the rectifier chip D1 is grounded. The Hall voltage sensor achieves conversion and isolation of strong and weak current signals. The current-voltage conversion circuit 5 includes a pull-up resistor R11 and a filter capacitor C1; the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, with one end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 connected to the rectifier signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1; one end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 connected in parallel is connected to the single-chip microcomputer 6 via the voltage signal output pin; the other ends of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 are grounded. Pull-up resistor R11 can stabilize the current signal into a voltage signal and provide it to the single-chip microcomputer 6. This utility model greatly reduces the cost of AC voltage circuit monitoring, rationally utilizes the performance of the single-chip microcomputer 6, converts the high-voltage AC signal into a half-wave signal, and uses the single-chip acquisition rate far exceeding 50Hz to monitor the AC voltage in the simplest and most stable way. At the same time, this utility model can also realize the testing of strong electrical signals by surface mount components, greatly saving hardware size and cost.

[0040] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0041] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present utility model patent shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The voltage acquisition circuit based on the single chip microcomputer is characterized in that: It comprises an AC power supply (1), a voltage-current conversion circuit (2), an isolation circuit (3), a rectifier circuit (4) and a current-voltage conversion circuit (5); The voltage-current conversion circuit (2) is electrically connected to the AC power supply (1), and the voltage-current conversion circuit (2) is used to convert the voltage signal provided by the AC power supply (1) into a current signal; The isolation circuit (3) is electrically connected to the voltage-current conversion circuit (2), and the isolation circuit (3) is used to convert the current signal converted by the voltage-current conversion circuit (2) into an isolated current signal; The rectifier circuit (4) is electrically connected to the isolation circuit (3), and the rectifier circuit (4) is used to rectify the isolation current signal converted by the isolation circuit (3); The current-voltage conversion circuit (5) is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit (4), and the current-voltage conversion circuit (5) is used to convert the current signal rectified by the rectifier circuit (4) into a voltage signal for the single chip microcomputer (6) to perform voltage acquisition.

2. The voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage-current conversion circuit (2) converts the voltage signal provided by the AC power source (1) into a current signal via a metal film resistor.

3. The voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The isolation circuit (3) comprises a plurality of Hall voltage sensors, each of which has a current signal input pin, a current signal output pin, an isolation current signal input pin and an isolation current signal output pin.

4. The voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rectifier circuit (4) comprises a rectifier chip D1, wherein the rectifier chip D1 has an isolated current signal input pin, an isolated current signal output pin, a rectifier signal output pin and a ground pin.

5. The voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The current-voltage conversion circuit (5) includes a pull-up resistor R11 and a filter capacitor C1; The pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, and one end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 is connected to the rectifier signal output pin of the rectifier chip D1; and one end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 is connected to the single chip microcomputer (6) through the voltage signal output pin. The other ends of the pull-up resistor R11 and the filter capacitor C1 connected in parallel are grounded.

6. The voltage acquisition circuit based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The voltage-current conversion circuit (2), the isolation circuit (3), the rectification circuit (4), and the current-voltage conversion circuit (5) are all provided with three stages.

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