Threshing machine for multiple crops

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of threshers, discloses a thresher for multiple crops, and aims to solve the problems that the rotating speed of an exhaust fan cannot be adjusted due to coaxial rotation of the exhaust fan and an auger shaft, and the separation effect of grain particles and sundries is poor due to insufficient suction force. According to the threshing machine for the multiple crops, an air blowing cylinder is arranged on a machine body of the threshing machine for the multiple crops, a rotating shaft is arranged in the air blowing cylinder, blades are arranged on the rotating shaft, an air blowing channel used for blowing air into an auger bin is arranged between the air blowing cylinder and the auger bin, and an impurity outlet window is formed in the side, away from the air blowing channel, of the auger bin. On the basis of an existing threshing machine for multiple crops, the process of separating grain particles from straw sundries is added, and therefore the separating effect of the grain particles and the straw sundries in the grain discharging barrel is finally improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of threshers, in particular to a thresher for multiple crops. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread use of threshers, most crops such as wheat, rice, rapeseed, highland barley, sorghum, coix seed, mung bean, and soybean are threshed using single-function threshers. This requires users to purchase threshers for different crops, such as rice and wheat threshers for rice and wheat, and rapeseed threshers for rapeseed. This not only leads to higher equipment costs, but also different operating methods for different threshers, greatly increasing the user's operational difficulty.

[0003] In response to the above situation, multi-crop threshers have appeared in the prior art. For example, patent application number 2021107242444 discloses a multi-crop thresher with coaxial multi-drum flippable threshing teeth, patent application number 201520360373X discloses a wheat threshing and corn stalk cutter, patent application number 2022215950793 discloses an adaptive multi-crop high-efficiency threshing device for a combine harvester, and patent application number 2023230361944 filed by the present applicant on November 10, 2023 discloses a multi-crop threshing tooth bar, threshing drum and thresher, etc. The above prior arts can all achieve threshing of different crops.

[0004] At present, the thresher (separation device) described above is basically equipped with an exhaust fan, which is used to suck out foreign matter (such as dust, small straw, etc.) mixed in the threshed grains to improve the cleanliness of the grain particles. Specifically, the blades of the exhaust fan are directly mounted on the auger shaft of the thresher (the auger shaft is arranged below the filter screen and is used to transport the grain particles and foreign matter to the grain discharge barrel together). The suction force generated by the exhaust fan blades is connected to the top of the grain discharge barrel through the air duct. The relatively light foreign matter (such as dust, small straw, etc.) is sucked away and discharged by the suction force in the air duct, while the relatively heavy grain particles are discharged from the bottom of the grain discharge barrel under the action of gravity, thereby achieving the separation of grain particles and foreign matter.

[0005] In practice, farmers often use threshers too quickly to increase threshing speed, resulting in unsatisfactory separation of grain particles from debris. However, this problem remains unresolved. Furthermore, multi-crop threshers require replacement filter screens when threshing different crops (i.e., the mesh sizes of the filter screens differ depending on the crop). For example, when threshing rapeseed, the mesh size of the filter screen is smaller, while when threshing soybeans and broad beans, the mesh size of the filter screen is larger. As the mesh size of the filter screen increases, more straw debris (such as damaged straw, branches, leaves, and husks) enters the auger chamber. Consequently, more straw debris mixes with the grain particles in the auger chamber, leading to a higher amount of straw debris entering the grain discharge barrel. Excessive straw debris not only leads to poor grain separation but also easily causes jamming (i.e., straw debris blocks the grain discharge port below the grain discharge barrel, preventing grain particles from being discharged smoothly from the bottom of the barrel).

[0006] Since the shaft of the exhaust fan rotates coaxially with the auger shaft, when the speed of the auger shaft is constant, the speed of the shaft of the exhaust fan cannot be increased, so the suction force of the exhaust fan cannot be increased to solve the problems of poor grain particle separation and easy jamming of the grain discharge barrel.

[0007] Since the blades of the exhaust fan are directly mounted on the auger shaft, although the suction force generated by the exhaust fan blades can be increased by increasing the rotation speed of the auger shaft, excessively high rotation speed of the auger shaft will squeeze and crush the grain particles. Utility Model Content

[0008] In order to solve the problem that the exhaust fan and the auger shaft rotate coaxially, which makes it impossible to adjust the exhaust fan speed, and thus the separation effect of grain particles and debris is poor due to insufficient suction force, the utility model provides a thresher for multiple crops, which can improve the separation effect of grain particles and debris. Even if the user increases the feeding speed during actual use, or when threshing soybeans, broad beans, etc., a good separation effect can be ensured.

[0009] In order to solve the technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0010] A multi-crop thresher comprises a machine body, an auger bin is arranged below the filter screen in the machine body, an auger shaft for driving an exhaust fan to rotate is arranged in the auger bin, and the machine body is characterized in that a blower is provided on the machine body, a rotating shaft is arranged in the blower, blades are arranged on the rotating shaft, an air blast channel for blowing air into the auger bin is arranged between the blower and the auger bin, and a debris outlet window is opened on the side of the auger bin away from the air blast channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft on the blower cylinder extends out of the blower cylinder and is driven to rotate by a driving device for driving the auger shaft to rotate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft of the blower extends out of the blower and is equipped with at least one pulley, which is driven to rotate by a driving motor through a belt; when two or more pulleys are provided on the rotating shaft of the blower, the inner diameters of the belt grooves of each pulley are different.

[0013] In some embodiments, a threshing roller is arranged above the filter screen, one end of the threshing roller extends out of the threshing chamber and is equipped with a driving wheel, the rotating shaft of the blower extends out of the blower and is equipped with a driven wheel, and the driven wheel of the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the driving wheel on the threshing roller.

[0014] In some embodiments, one end of the threshing roller shaft extends out of the threshing chamber and is equipped with at least one driving wheel, and the rotating shaft of the blower extends out of the blower and is equipped with at least one driven wheel; when the sum of the number of driving wheels on the threshing roller shaft and the number of driven wheels on the rotating shaft is greater than or equal to 3, different transmission ratios are formed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel that transmit power to each other.

[0015] In some embodiments, one end of the auger shaft extends out of the auger chamber and is equipped with a driving wheel, and the rotating shaft of the blower extends out of the blower and is equipped with a driven wheel, and the driven wheel of the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the driving wheel on the auger shaft. That is, in some embodiments, the rotating shaft of the blower of the present invention is driven to rotate by the auger shaft.

[0016] In some embodiments, one end of the auger shaft extends out of the auger bin and is equipped with at least one driving wheel, and the rotating shaft of the blower extends out of the blower and is equipped with at least one driven wheel; when the sum of the number of driving wheels on the auger shaft and the number of driven wheels on the rotating shaft is greater than or equal to 3, different transmission ratios are formed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel that transmit power to each other.

[0017] In some embodiments, the auger shaft extends out of the auger bin and is equipped with a speed change mechanism, which is rotatably connected to the exhaust fan's shaft. The speed change mechanism makes the exhaust fan's shaft rotate at a speed greater than or equal to the auger shaft's speed.

[0018] In some embodiments, the speed change mechanism and the driving wheels on the auger shaft that drive the rotating shaft of the blower are arranged at the same end of the auger shaft, or the speed change mechanism and the driving wheels on the auger shaft that drive the rotating shaft of the blower are respectively arranged at both ends of the auger shaft.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a blower on the machine body, and blows air into the auger bin through the blower. As the grain particles and straw debris in the auger bin move toward the lifting plate as the auger shaft rotates, the grain particles and straw debris are intermittently lifted up. During the lifting process of the grain particles and straw debris, the airflow brought by the blower is used to blow them, thereby discharging the relatively light straw debris from the debris outlet window, while the grain particles and the remaining straw debris (i.e., the straw debris that cannot be blown away by the airflow of the blower) are thrown into the grain outlet barrel together through the lifting plate, and the negative pressure (suction force) provided by the exhaust fan to the grain outlet barrel is used to separate the grain particles from the straw debris again. Based on the existing multi-crop thresher, the present invention adds a process of separating the grain particles and straw debris from each other, thereby ultimately improving the separation effect of the grain particles and straw debris in the grain outlet barrel. During the use of the utility model, even if the farmer increases the feeding speed in order to improve the threshing efficiency, the utility model can improve the separation effect of the grain particles and the straw debris because the grain particles and the straw debris are separated twice.

[0021] At the same time, when the grain particles and straw debris follow the spiral blades in the auger toward the lifting plate, the grain particles and straw debris keep rising and falling, which can increase the contact time between the grain particles and straw debris and the air flow blown by the blower, thereby further improving the separation effect of grain particles and straw debris.

[0022] The utility model discloses that the straw and sundries that enter into the auger bin are blown by the blower, and a part of the straw and sundries are discharged from the sundries outlet window, thereby reducing the amount of straw and sundries that enter into the grain discharging barrel, thereby avoiding the problem that the grain discharging barrel is stuck and blocked due to excessive straw and sundries.

[0023] The utility model equips the auger shaft with a speed changing mechanism, which drives the exhaust fan to rotate. Without changing the internal structure of the exhaust fan and the rotation speed of the auger shaft, the speed changing mechanism can adjust the suction force of the exhaust fan, thereby applying a stronger negative pressure airflow to the grain barrel, thereby improving the separation effect between grain particles and debris.

[0024] The utility model can adopt a lower-cost speed change mechanism on the basis of the original multi-crop thresher structure to change the rotation speed of the rotating shaft of the exhaust fan, thereby improving the separation effect between grain particles and debris. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an existing multi-crop thresher;

[0026] Figure 2This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the blower and auger chamber of the present invention. In this diagram, two driving wheels are provided on the auger shaft, and two driven wheels are arranged on the rotating shaft of the blower.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the blower and auger bin of the utility model. In this diagram, two driven wheels are arranged on the rotating shaft of the blower; one end of the auger shaft is provided with two driving wheels for driving the rotating shaft of the blower, and the other end of the auger shaft is provided with a driving pulley of the speed change mechanism;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the blower and auger chamber of the utility model. In this diagram, a driven pulley is arranged on the rotating shaft of the blower, and a driving pulley for driving the rotating shaft and a driving pulley with a speed change mechanism are arranged at one end of the auger shaft;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the blower and auger bin from another angle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 6a, 6b, and 6c. In 6a, the opening and closing door is in a closed state, closing the window; in 6b and 6c, the opening and closing door is in an open state, and the opening degree of the opening and closing door in 6c is greater than the opening degree of the opening and closing door in 6b.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which the auger shaft is equipped with a speed change mechanism. In this diagram, a driving wheel and a driven wheel of the speed change mechanism are both pulleys;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the auger shaft is equipped with a speed change mechanism. In this diagram, the speed change mechanism has two driving pulleys and two driven pulleys;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the auger shaft is equipped with a speed change mechanism. In this diagram, the speed change mechanism has one driving pulley and two driven pulleys;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the auger shaft is equipped with a speed change mechanism. In this diagram, the speed change mechanism has two driving pulleys and one driven pulley;

[0035] Figure 11This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the speed change mechanism of the present invention including a tensioning pulley, in which the transmission ratio between the driving pulley and the driven pulley is 1;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the speed change mechanism of the present invention including a tensioning pulley, in which the transmission ratio between the driving pulley and the driven pulley is less than 1;

[0037] Figure 13 The utility model is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-crop thresher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Markings in the figure: 01, machine body, 02, feed hopper, 03, slag outlet, 04, grain outlet, 05, exhaust fan, 051, impurity outlet, 052, rotating shaft, 06, air duct, 07, auger bin, 071, impurity outlet window, 0711, opening and closing door, 08, auger shaft, 081, spiral blade, 082, lifting plate, 09, blower, 091, rotating shaft, 092, blade, 010, threshing chamber, 1, speed change mechanism, 11, driving pulley, 12, driven pulley, 13, belt, 14, tensioning pulley, 2, blast channel, 3, driving wheel, 4, driven wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The embodiments described are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to be all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific circumstances.

[0041] Combined with attachment Figure 1 To the attached Figure 13 The present invention is a multi-crop thresher, comprising a machine body 01. An auger chamber 07 is disposed below the filter screen within the machine body 01. An auger shaft 08 for driving a blower 05 is disposed within the auger chamber 07. A blower cylinder 09 is disposed on the machine body 01. A rotating shaft 091 is disposed within the blower cylinder. Blades 092 are disposed on the rotating shaft 091. An air blast channel 2 for blowing air into the auger chamber 07 is disposed between the blower cylinder 09 and the auger chamber 07. A waste outlet window 071 is provided on the side of the auger chamber 07 facing away from the air blast channel 2. In other words, the air blast channel 012 and the waste outlet window 071 are disposed on either side of the auger chamber 07.

[0042] During the specific implementation, the blower cylinder 09 is arranged along the length direction of the auger chamber 07 , and the blower channel 2 is also arranged along the length direction of the auger chamber 07 .

[0043] In some embodiments, the connection position between the air blast channel 2 and the auger bin 07 is lower than the position where the debris outlet window 071 is opened, so that the air blast channel 2 and the debris outlet window 071 can be used to form an upward inclined blowing airflow, thereby increasing the time for grain particles and straw debris to rise under the action of the spiral blades on the auger shaft, thereby improving the effect of separating grain particles from straw debris.

[0044] In some embodiments, the debris outlet window 071 is hingedly connected to an opening / closing door 0711, and the opening / closing angle of the opening / closing door 071 on the debris outlet window 071 is adjustable. The opening / closing door 071 can thus be used to adjust the size and height of the debris outlet window. When a multi-crop thresher is threshing different crops, the types of straw and debris within the auger bin and the weight of the grains vary. Therefore, the opening / closing door can be used to appropriately adjust the size and height of the debris outlet window, thereby finding the optimal angle for each crop.

[0045] During the specific implementation process, the opening and closing door 0711 is installed on the debris outlet window 071 through a pin shaft. The static friction between the side of the opening and closing door 071 and the debris outlet window 071 can be used to stabilize the opening and closing door on the debris outlet window, thereby allowing the opening and closing door to maintain a certain tilt angle.

[0046] The working process of the multi-crop thresher is as follows: the crops are threshed by the threshing roller (the threshing roller is driven by the threshing roller shaft), and the grain particles and straw debris (broken straw, branches, leaves, shells, dust, etc.) enter the auger bin after passing through the filter screen. The auger shaft is provided with spiral blades and lifting plates. When the auger shaft rotates, it drives the grain particles and straw debris to move toward the grain discharge barrel, and finally is thrown into the grain discharge barrel (also often called the air separation barrel or discharge barrel) through the lifting plate; at the same time, the exhaust fan provides suction force to the grain discharge barrel through the air duct. After the grain particles and straw debris (which can pass through the filter screen) enter the grain discharge barrel, the heavier grain particles are discharged from the bottom of the grain discharge barrel, and the relatively lighter straw debris is sucked away from the air duct and finally discharged from the exhaust fan outlet, and then the exhaust fan is used to separate the straw debris in the grain discharge barrel. Among them, the straw that fails to pass through the filter screen after threshing is discharged from the slag outlet on the machine body.

[0047] Combined with attachment Figure 1 It is a multi-crop thresher commonly used on the market, mainly comprising a body 01, a threshing chamber 010 is provided in the body 01 (threshing rollers are arranged in the threshing chamber), the threshing chamber 010 is connected to the feed hopper 02, an auger bin (or discharge bin) 07 is provided below the threshing chamber 010, an auger shaft 08 is provided in the auger bin 07, and the auger bin 07 is located below the filter screen of the threshing chamber 010, so as to collect the threshed grain particles and broken straw debris (straw, branches, leaves, shells, etc. that can pass through the filter screen). When the auger shaft 08 in the auger bin 07 rotates, the spiral blades 081 on the auger shaft 08 drive the grain particles and straw debris (straw, branches, leaves, shells, etc. that can pass through the filter screen) toward the grain discharge barrel (also often called the air separation barrel) 04; the auger shaft 08 is also provided with a lifting plate 082, which throws the grain particles and straw debris into the grain discharge barrel 04 during the rotation of the lifting plate 082. At the same time, the exhaust fan 05, which is coaxially driven by the auger shaft 08, generates negative pressure and transmits the negative pressure (suction force) to the top of the grain discharge barrel 04 through the air duct 06. When the grain particles and straw debris (which can pass through the filter screen) enter the grain discharge barrel 04, the heavier grain particles are discharged from the bottom of the grain discharge barrel 04, while the relatively lighter straw debris is sucked away through the air duct 04 and finally discharged from the exhaust fan 05 outlet 051. The exhaust fan is then used to separate the straw debris in the grain discharge barrel 04. The relatively large straw in the threshing chamber that cannot pass through the filter screen is discharged from the slag outlet 03.

[0048] In the prior art, the shaft of the exhaust fan attached to the grain discharge drum rotates coaxially with the auger shaft of the multi-crop thresher, resulting in a rotational speed that is consistent with the auger shaft. Without altering the exhaust fan's internal structure, the suction force (negative pressure) applied by exhaust fan 05 to grain discharge drum 04 cannot be changed. Therefore, when threshing different crops, the same suction force applied by the exhaust fan to the grain discharge drum results in less than satisfactory separation of grain particles from debris within the grain discharge drum. For example, when the auger shaft 08 rotates at 4 rpm, the shaft of exhaust fan 05 also rotates at 4 rpm. The suction force (negative pressure) applied by exhaust fan 05 to grain discharge drum 04 can effectively separate wheat and rapeseed particles from debris. However, when the rotation speed of the auger shaft 08 and the exhaust fan 05 is still A r / min, the suction force (negative pressure) applied by the exhaust fan to the particle barrel 04 cannot meet the separation effect of soybean particles and debris, that is, the separation effect of soybean particles and debris (crushed straw, soybean shells, etc.) is poor and cannot meet the expected effect of farmers.

[0049] In the prior art, for example, the patent application number 2016208493980 discloses a multifunctional single-ear rice thresher, in which the rotating shaft of the exhaust fan of the thresher is directly connected to the motor shaft. The speed of the motor is generally kept stable during threshing operation, so that the exhaust fan provides a certain suction force (negative pressure) to the grain discharge cylinder (also often called the airflow separation grain discharge cylinder, air separation cylinder, discharge cylinder). When threshing other crops (such as soybeans and broad beans), there will be a problem of poor separation effect between the grain particles and debris in the grain discharge cylinder. If the speed of the motor is increased, the speed of the threshing drum in the threshing chamber and the rotating skewer (i.e., the auger shaft) in the discharge chamber will increase accordingly, which will cause the grain particles to be squeezed and damaged by impact at high speeds.

[0050] For example, the patent application number 2015201772184 discloses an easy-to-separate, efficient and multifunctional thresher. The exhaust fan of the thresher is directly connected to the threshing roller. The rotation speed of the threshing roller is generally kept stable during threshing operation, so that the exhaust fan provides a certain suction force (negative pressure) to the grain outlet cylinder (airflow separation grain outlet cylinder). When threshing other crops (such as soybeans and broad beans), there will be a problem of poor separation effect between the grain particles and debris in the grain outlet cylinder. If the rotation speed of the threshing roller is increased, the grain particles will be squeezed and damaged by impact at high rotation speed.

[0051] For example, the patent application number 2023230361944 submitted by the applicant on November 10, 2023 discloses a threshing tooth rod, threshing drum and thresher for multiple crops. The rotating shaft of the exhaust fan of the thresher is also directly connected to the auger shaft.

[0052] For example, patent application number 202107242444 discloses a multi-crop thresher with coaxial multi-drum reversible threshing teeth. The suction and air separation mechanism of the thresher includes a suction fan and a separation and cleaning barrel. The suction and air separation mechanism also includes an auger and a grain lifter. The threshed grain particles are spirally transported by the auger into the grain lifter. From the drawings of the patent, those skilled in the art can know that the suction fan is also directly connected to the auger (i.e., the auger shaft).

[0053] For example, patent application number 2022302098419 discloses a multi-crop thresher. Those skilled in the art can also know from its appearance picture that the suction fan is also directly connected to the auger shaft.

[0054] In summary, in existing threshers, regardless of whether the exhaust fan's rotating shaft is connected to the auger shaft, or to the threshing roller shaft or motor, the exhaust fan's speed cannot be adjusted. This makes it impossible to change the exhaust fan's speed, and thus the exhaust fan's suction force, resulting in poor separation of grain particles from debris in the grain discharge barrel. If the exhaust fan's speed is simply increased, the speed of the auger shaft or threshing roller shaft, which are coaxially connected to the exhaust fan's rotating shaft, will also increase, leading to problems such as grain particles being impacted, squeezed, and damaged. Therefore, increasing the exhaust fan's suction force by changing the speed of the auger shaft or threshing roller shaft is not advisable.

[0055] The present invention incorporates a blower 09 on the machine body, which blows air into the auger chamber 07. As the grain particles and straw debris within the auger chamber 07 rotate with the auger shaft 08, they intermittently rise upward. The airflow from the blower 09 propels the grain particles and straw debris upward, discharging the relatively lightweight straw debris from the discharge window 071. The grain particles and the remaining straw debris (i.e., the straw debris that cannot be blown away by the blower's airflow) are then flung through the discharge plate 082 into the grain discharge barrel 04. The negative pressure (suction force) provided by the exhaust fan 05 to the grain discharge barrel further separates the grain particles from the straw debris. Compared to existing multi-crop threshers, the present invention adds a separation process for grain particles and straw debris, ultimately improving the separation efficiency of grain particles and straw debris within the grain discharge barrel. During the use of the utility model, even if the farmer increases the feeding speed in order to improve the threshing efficiency, the utility model can improve the separation effect of the grain particles and the straw debris because the grain particles and the straw debris are separated twice.

[0056] At the same time, when the grain particles and straw debris follow the spiral blades in the auger toward the lifting plate, the grain particles and straw debris keep rising and falling, which can increase the contact time between the grain particles and straw debris and the air flow blown by the blower, thereby further improving the separation effect of grain particles and straw debris.

[0057] The straw and debris entering the auger bin of the utility model are blown by the blower, and a part of the straw and debris is discharged from the debris outlet window 071, thereby reducing the amount of straw and debris entering the grain outlet barrel, thereby avoiding the problem of the grain outlet barrel being stuck and blocked due to excessive straw and debris.

[0058] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft 091 on the blower 09 extends out of the blower 09 and is driven to rotate by a driving device for driving the auger shaft 08 to rotate. The driving device is a driving motor, a gasoline engine or a diesel engine. In the specific implementation process, the driving device is mostly a driving motor. The threshing roller shaft of the multi-crop thresher (the threshing roller shaft is located in the threshing chamber 010 and is used to drive the threshing roller to rotate to thresh the crops. A filter screen is provided below the threshing chamber 010, and the threshing roller shaft is located above the filter screen) and the auger shaft are both driven to rotate by a driving motor. Therefore, the utility model utilizes the original driving motor on the multi-crop thresher to drive the rotation, and does not require an additional driving device, thereby reducing the modification cost of the existing multi-crop thresher.

[0059] During the specific implementation process, the driving motor drives the threshing roller shaft and the auger shaft to rotate through the belt and the pulley. Therefore, the rotating shaft 091 of the blower 09 extends out of the blower 09 and is installed with a pulley. The driving motor drives the rotating shaft 091 of the blower to rotate through the belt and the pulley.

[0060] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft 091 of the blower drum 09 extends from the blower drum 09 and is equipped with at least one pulley, which is driven for rotation by a drive motor via a belt 13. When the rotating shaft 091 of the blower drum is equipped with two or more pulleys, the inner diameters of the belt grooves of each pulley are different. Specifically, when the rotating shaft of the blower drum is equipped with a single pulley, the blower drum is driven for rotation directly by the drive motor via a belt (wherein the output shaft of the drive motor is equipped with a pulley, as will be understood by those skilled in the art). When the rotating shaft 091 of the blower drum 09 is equipped with two or more pulleys, the inner diameters of the belt grooves of each pulley on the rotating shaft 091 are different. This allows the drive motor to rotate the rotating shaft 091, and the different pulleys on the rotating shaft 091 can be used to change the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 091, thereby changing the airflow of the blower drum 09, thereby enabling different airflows to be used for different crops to separate grain particles from straw debris in the auger bin.

[0061] In some embodiments, a threshing roller is disposed above the filter screen. One end of the threshing roller extends out of the threshing chamber 010 and is equipped with a driving wheel 3. The rotating shaft 091 of the blower 09 extends out of the blower and is equipped with a driven wheel 4. The driven wheel of the rotating shaft 091 is driven to rotate by the driving wheel 3 on the threshing roller. In other words, in some embodiments, the rotating shaft 091 of the blower of the present invention is driven to rotate by the threshing roller.

[0062] In certain embodiments, when the driving wheel and the driven wheel are pulleys, the driven wheel of the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the driving wheel on the threshing roller shaft via a belt. In certain embodiments, when the driving wheel and the driven wheel are sprockets, the driven wheel of the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the driving wheel on the threshing roller shaft via a chain.

[0063] In some embodiments, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both gears that mesh with each other. When the distance between the driving wheel and the driven wheel is large, an odd number of transition gears are provided between the driving wheel and the driven wheel to ensure that the driving gear (i.e., the driving wheel) and the driven gear (i.e., the driven wheel) rotate in the same direction.

[0064] In the specific implementation process, in order to reduce the transformation cost, belt transmission is preferably used (ie, the driving wheel 3 on the threshing roller shaft and the driven wheel 4 on the rotating shaft 091 are both pulleys).

[0065] In some embodiments, one end of the threshing roller shaft extends out of the threshing chamber 010 and is equipped with at least one driving wheel 3. The rotating shaft 091 of the blower 09 extends out of the blower and is equipped with at least one driven wheel 4. When the sum of the number of driving wheels 3 on the threshing roller shaft and the number of driven wheels 4 on the rotating shaft 091 is greater than or equal to three, different transmission ratios are formed between the mutually transmitting driving wheels and the driven wheels. Different transmission ratios are thus used to adjust the rotational speed of the rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the airflow size sprayed by the blower, so that different airflows are selected for different crops to separate grain particles from straw debris in the auger bin. For example, when there are two driving wheels 3 and one driven wheel 4, the transmission ratio formed between one driving wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4 is different from the transmission ratio formed between the other driving wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4.

[0066] For another example, when there are two driving wheels and two driven wheels, the following situations exist: When the two driving wheels are exactly the same size and the driven wheels are different sizes, then two transmission ratios are formed between the two driving wheels and the two driven wheels. When the two driving wheels are completely different sizes and the driven wheels are completely different sizes, then two transmission ratios are formed between the two driving wheels and the two driven wheels. When the two driving wheels are completely different sizes and the two driven wheels are completely different sizes, if the positions of the driving wheels and the driven wheels can be adjusted (so that any driving wheel can be aligned with any driven wheel), then four transmission ratios can be formed between the driving wheels and the driven wheels. If the positions of the driving wheels and the driven wheels cannot be adjusted (i.e., one driving wheel can only be aligned with one of the driven wheels), then only two transmission ratios can be formed between the two driving wheels and the two driven wheels.

[0067] In some embodiments, one end of the auger shaft 08 extends out of the auger chamber 07 and is equipped with a driving wheel 3. The rotating shaft 091 of the blower 09 extends out of the blower 09 and is equipped with a driven wheel 4. The driven wheel 4 of the rotating shaft 091 is driven to rotate by the driving wheel 3 on the auger shaft 08. In other words, in some embodiments, the rotating shaft 091 of the blower of the present invention is driven to rotate by the auger shaft 08.

[0068] In some embodiments, when the driving wheel and the driven wheel are pulleys, the driven wheel of the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the driving wheel on the auger shaft via a belt. In some embodiments, when the driving wheel and the driven wheel are sprockets, the driven wheel of the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the driving wheel on the auger shaft via a chain.

[0069] In some embodiments, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both gears that mesh with each other. When the distance between the driving wheel and the driven wheel is large, an odd number of transition gears are provided between the driving wheel and the driven wheel to ensure that the driving gear (i.e., the driving wheel) and the driven gear (i.e., the driven wheel) rotate in the same direction.

[0070] In the specific implementation process, in order to reduce the transformation cost, belt drive is preferably used (that is, the driving wheel 3 on the auger shaft 08 and the driven wheel 4 on the rotating shaft 091 are both pulleys).

[0071] In some embodiments, one end of the auger shaft 08 extends out of the auger bin 07 and is equipped with at least one driving wheel 3. The rotating shaft 091 of the blower 09 extends out of the blower bin 09 and is equipped with at least one driven wheel 4. When the sum of the number of driving wheels on the auger shaft and the number of driven wheels on the rotating shaft is greater than or equal to three, different transmission ratios are formed between the mutually transmitting driving wheels and the driven wheels. The different transmission ratios are used to adjust the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, and thus the size of the airflow sprayed by the blower, so that different airflows can be selected for different crops to separate grain particles from straw and debris in the auger bin.

[0072] In the specific implementation process, one end of the threshing roller shaft extends out of the threshing chamber and is equipped with a pulley, one end of the auger shaft extends out of the auger chamber and is equipped with a pulley, and the output shaft of the driving device (such as a driving motor) is also equipped with a pulley. The driving device drives the pulleys on the threshing roller shaft and the auger shaft 08 to rotate through the belt 13, thereby driving the threshing roller shaft and the auger shaft to rotate. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 09 of the blower 09 is driven to rotate by the shedding roller shaft or the auger shaft 08, it is necessary to add a driving wheel 3 to the threshing roller shaft or the auger shaft 08. The technology for installing a driving wheel on the threshing roller shaft or the auger shaft belongs to the existing technology. Ordinary technicians in this field also know how to add a driving wheel, which will not be described in detail here.

[0073] In some embodiments, the auger shaft 08 extends out of the auger bin 07 and is equipped with a speed change mechanism 1. The speed change mechanism 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the exhaust fan 05. The speed change mechanism 1 ensures that the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 052 of the exhaust fan 05 is greater than or equal to the rotation speed of the auger shaft 08. By providing the speed change mechanism 1, the present invention can adjust the suction force of the exhaust fan 05 through the speed change mechanism 1 without changing the internal structure of the exhaust fan 05 or the rotation speed of the auger shaft, thereby applying a stronger negative pressure airflow to the grain outlet barrel 04, thereby improving the separation of grain particles and debris in the grain outlet barrel.

[0074] At the same time, due to the increase in the rotation speed of the exhaust fan's rotating shaft, the exhaust fan gives a greater suction force to the grain discharge barrel 04. The stronger suction force of the exhaust fan can more quickly suck away the straw and debris in the grain discharge barrel 04, further avoiding the grain discharge barrel from getting stuck or blocked.

[0075] In some embodiments, the speed changing mechanism 1 and the driving wheel 3 on the auger shaft 08 that drives the rotating shaft 091 of the blower 09 to rotate are both arranged at the same end of the auger shaft 07, or the speed changing mechanism 1 and the driving wheel 3 on the auger shaft 08 that drives the rotating shaft 091 of the blower to rotate are respectively arranged at both ends of the auger shaft 07.

[0076] Without changing the internal structure of the exhaust fan 05, although the suction force of the exhaust fan 05 can be increased by increasing the rotation speed of the auger shaft 08, the grains are easily damaged by the auger shaft 08 when the rotation speed of the auger shaft 08 is increased. Therefore, this method of increasing the rotation speed of the exhaust fan 05 by increasing the rotation speed of the shaft 052 is not advisable.

[0077] It is understood by those skilled in the art that the suction force of the exhaust fan 05 is closely related to the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 052, the blade diameter, the number of impellers, etc., and that improving the blade diameter and the number of impellers is relatively more complex and costly. Therefore, the present invention improves the suction force of the exhaust fan 05 by changing the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 052 of the exhaust fan through the speed change mechanism 1, which has the advantage of low modification cost.

[0078] In summary, the present invention can adopt a lower-cost speed change mechanism based on the original multi-crop thresher structure to change the rotation speed of the exhaust fan shaft, thereby improving the separation effect between grain particles and debris.

[0079] The speed change mechanism 1 of the present invention is described below with examples.

[0080] In some embodiments, the speed change mechanism 1 includes a driving wheel mounted on the auger shaft 08 and a driven wheel mounted on the shaft of the exhaust fan, with the transmission ratio between the driving wheel and the driven wheel being less than 1. Specifically, the rotational speed of the shaft 052 of the exhaust fan 05 is directly changed by the driving wheel and the driven wheel, such that the rotational speed of the shaft 052 of the exhaust fan 05 is greater than the rotational speed of the auger shaft 08 of a multi-crop thresher. This allows the relatively high-speed exhaust fan to provide greater suction force, ultimately improving the separation of grain particles from debris in the grain discharge barrel.

[0081] The exhaust fan 05 is connected to the upper end of the pellet discharge barrel 04 via an air duct 06. The suction force (negative pressure) generated by the exhaust fan 05 draws debris from the pellet discharge barrel 04 into the air duct 06, and ultimately discharges the debris from the exhaust fan 05 through the debris outlet 051. The structure of the exhaust fan and the pellet discharge barrel, as well as the connection between them, are prior art products that are readily understood by those skilled in the art and will not be further elaborated here.

[0082] In some embodiments, the speed change mechanism 1 includes a driving pulley 11 mounted on the auger shaft 08 and a driven pulley 12 mounted on the rotating shaft 052 of the exhaust fan 05. The number of the driving pulleys 11 is at least two, and the number of the driven pulleys 12 is the same as the number of the driving pulleys 11. The transmission ratio between any one of the at least two driving pulleys and any one of the driven pulleys is less than or equal to 1. The transmission ratio between the driving pulley and the driven pulley is less than 1, indicating that the rotational speed of the driven pulley is greater than the rotational speed of the driving pulley. The transmission ratio between the driving pulley and the driven pulley is equal to 1, indicating that the rotational speed of the driven pulley is equal to the rotational speed of the driving pulley.

[0083] When the speed of the driving pulley is equal to that of the driven pulley, the speed of the exhaust fan's shaft is the same as that of the auger shaft. When the speed of the driving pulley is lower than that of the driven pulley, the speed of the exhaust fan's shaft is higher than that of the auger shaft. This increases the exhaust fan's speed while keeping the auger shaft speed constant, thereby increasing the exhaust fan's suction force. The exhaust fan provides greater suction force (negative pressure) to the grain barrel through the air duct, ultimately improving the separation of grain particles and debris in the grain barrel.

[0084] Therefore, those skilled in the art can understand and appreciate the relationship between the transmission ratio and the rotational speed between the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and will not be elaborated on here.

[0085] In some embodiments, the inner diameters of the belt grooves of each driving pulley 11 are the same, while the inner diameters of the belt grooves of each driven pulley 12 are different, thereby utilizing different driven pulleys to change the transmission ratio between the driving pulley and the driven pulley, thereby changing the rotational speed of the exhaust fan's shaft. In some embodiments, the inner diameters of the belt grooves of each driven pulley 12 are the same, while the inner diameters of the belt grooves of each driving pulley 11 are different, thereby utilizing different driving pulleys to change the transmission ratio between the driving pulley and the driven pulley, thereby changing the rotational speed of the exhaust fan's shaft. Therefore, there are various ways to change the transmission ratio between the driving pulley and the driven pulley. As long as the rotational speed of the driven pulley can be made greater than or equal to the rotational speed of the driving pulley, the rotational speed of the exhaust fan's shaft can be increased, thereby ultimately improving the separation effect of grain particles and debris in the grain discharge barrel.

[0086] In some embodiments, there are three driving pulleys and three driven pulleys, wherein the inner diameter of the belt groove of one driving pulley is the same as the inner diameter of the belt groove of one of the driven pulleys (i.e., the transmission ratio between the driving pulley and the driven pulley is 1), thereby making the rotation speed of the auger shaft the same as the rotation speed of the exhaust fan shaft. The inner diameters of the belt grooves of the other two driving pulleys are larger than the inner diameters of the belt grooves of the remaining two driven pulleys (i.e., the transmission ratios between the other two driving pulleys and any of the remaining driven pulleys are less than 1), thereby making the rotation speed of the exhaust fan shaft faster than the rotation speed of the auger shaft of the multi-crop shedder, thereby improving the separation effect of grain particles and debris in the grain discharge barrel.

[0087] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the driving pulley 11 and the number of the driven pulley 12 are both 2, the transmission ratio between one driving pulley 11 and one driven pulley 12 is 1, and the transmission ratio between the other driving pulley 11 and the other driven pulley 12 is less than 1.

[0088] In the specific implementation process, since the problem of poor separation of grain particles and debris in the grain discharge barrel basically occurs only when threshing soybeans and broad beans when the multi-crop thresher is threshing crops, the utility model only needs to set two driving pulleys and two driven pulleys, so that the rotation speed of the exhaust fan shaft is maintained within two ranges (one range is: the rotation speed of the exhaust fan shaft is the same as the rotation speed of the auger shaft, and the other range is: the rotation speed of the exhaust fan is greater than the rotation speed of the auger shaft).

[0089] During the specific implementation process, when it is found that the exhaust fan needs to provide a greater suction force (negative pressure) when threshing a certain crop, the number of driven pulleys and driving pulleys can be increased (for example, the number of driving pulleys and driven pulleys is 3, one group of driving pulleys and driven pulleys has a transmission ratio of 1, one group of driving pulleys and driven pulleys has a transmission ratio of X, and the remaining group of driving pulleys and driven pulleys has a transmission ratio of Y, where X is less than 1 and Y is less than X), so as to meet the effect of separating grain particles and debris in the grain discharge barrel. Therefore, without departing from the concept of the present invention, there is no specific restriction on the number of driving pulleys and driven pulleys, and they all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0090] In some embodiments, the speed change mechanism 1 includes at least two driving pulleys 11 sleeved on the auger shaft 08 and one driven pulley 12 sleeved on the rotating shaft 52 of the exhaust fan 05; the axial position of the driving pulley 11 on the auger shaft 08 is adjustable, and / or the axial position of the driven pulley 12 on the rotating shaft 052 of the exhaust fan 05 is adjustable; the transmission ratio between any one of the at least two driving pulleys 11 and the driven pulley 12 is less than or equal to 1. In order to facilitate the installation of the belt 13 and the normal transmission use of the belt 13, it is necessary to ensure that the driven pulley 12 is aligned with one driving pulley 11 so that different driving pulleys 11 can be used to change the transmission ratio between the driven pulley 12 and the driving pulley 11. Therefore, the axial position of the driving pulley 11 and / or the driven pulley 12 is adjustable.

[0091] In some embodiments, the axial position of the driving pulley and the axial position of the driven pulley can both be adjusted. In actual operation, the alignment of the driving pulley 11 and the driven pulley 12 can be achieved by simply adjusting the driving pulley 11 or the driven pulley 12. Therefore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axial position of the driving pulley 11 or the driven pulley 12 can be adjusted.

[0092] In a specific implementation, the inner diameter of the belt groove of one of at least two driving pulleys 11 is the same as the inner diameter of the belt groove of the driven pulley 12, while the inner diameter of the belt groove of the remaining driving pulley 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the belt groove of the driven pulley 12. When the inner diameter of the belt groove of the driving pulley is the same as the inner diameter of the belt groove of the driven pulley, the rotational speed of the driving pulley and the driven pulley is the same. When the inner diameter of the belt groove of the driving pulley is larger than the inner diameter of the belt groove of the driven pulley, the rotational speed of the driven pulley is faster than that of the driving pulley, thereby increasing the rotational speed of the exhaust fan shaft, thereby increasing the suction force of the exhaust fan, and ultimately improving the separation of grain particles and debris in the grain discharge barrel.

[0093] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the speed change mechanism includes two driving pulleys 11 mounted on the auger shaft 08 and one driven pulley 12 mounted on the rotating shaft 052 of the exhaust fan 05, wherein the transmission ratio of one driving pulley 11 to the driven pulley 12 is 1, while the transmission ratio of the other driving pulley 11 to the driven pulley 12 is less than 1, so that the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 052 of the exhaust fan 05 is maintained within two ranges (one range is: the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 052 of the exhaust fan 05 is the same as the rotational speed of the auger shaft 08, and the other range is: the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 05 is greater than the rotational speed of the auger shaft 08).

[0094] In some embodiments, in order to keep the belt 13 between the driving pulley 11 and the driven pulley 12 in a tensioned state, the speed change mechanism 1 further includes a tensioning pulley 14 .

[0095] In summary, the speed change mechanism described in the present invention includes commonly used pulleys, and the rotational speed of the exhaust fan's rotating shaft is adjusted by the mutual cooperation between pulleys of different sizes, so that the rotational speed of the exhaust fan's rotating shaft is greater than or equal to the rotational speed of the auger shaft, thereby increasing the suction force of the exhaust fan and ultimately improving the separation effect of grain particles and straw debris in the grain discharge barrel. It should be noted that the speed change mechanisms described above are merely an enumeration of the present invention, not an exhaustive list of the present invention. Under the premise of not departing from the concept of the present invention, all of them fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thresher for multiple crops, comprising a machine body (01), wherein an auger chamber (07) is provided below a filter screen in the machine body (01), wherein an auger shaft (08) for driving an exhaust fan (05) to rotate is arranged in the auger chamber (07), characterized in that: The machine body (01) is provided with a blower (09), a rotating shaft (091) is arranged in the blower (09), and blades (092) are arranged on the rotating shaft (091). An air blast channel (2) for blowing air into the auger bin (07) is arranged between the blower (09) and the auger bin (07), and a debris outlet window (071) is provided on a side of the auger bin (07) facing away from the air blast channel (2).

2. The multi-crop thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (091) on the blower (09) extends out of the blower and is driven to rotate by a driving device for driving the auger shaft (08) to rotate.

3. The multi-crop thresher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (091) of the blower cylinder (09) extends out of the blower cylinder and is provided with at least one pulley, and the pulley is driven to rotate by a driving motor via a belt (13); when two or more pulleys are provided on the rotating shaft (091) of the blower cylinder (09), the inner diameters of the belt grooves of the respective pulleys are different.

4. The multi-crop thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threshing roller shaft is arranged above the filter screen, one end of the threshing roller shaft extends out of the threshing chamber (010) and is equipped with a driving wheel (3), a rotating shaft (091) of the blower cylinder (09) extends out of the blower cylinder and is equipped with a driven wheel (4), and the driven wheel on the rotating shaft (091) is driven to rotate by the driving wheel (3) on the threshing roller shaft.

5. The multi-crop thresher according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the threshing roller shaft extends out of the threshing chamber (010) and is equipped with at least one driving wheel (3), and the rotating shaft (091) of the blower (09) extends out of the blower and is equipped with at least one driven wheel (4); when the sum of the number of the driving wheels (3) on the threshing roller shaft and the number of the driven wheels (4) on the rotating shaft (091) is greater than or equal to 3, different transmission ratios are formed between the mutually transmitting driving wheels (3) and the driven wheels (4).

6. The multi-crop thresher according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The auger shaft (08) extends out of the auger bin (07) and is provided with a speed change mechanism (1). The speed change mechanism (1) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (052) of the exhaust fan (05). The speed change mechanism (1) enables the rotating shaft (052) of the exhaust fan (05) to have a rotation speed greater than or equal to the rotation speed of the auger shaft (08).

7. The multi-crop thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the auger shaft (08) extends out of the auger bin (07) and is provided with a driving wheel (3); the rotating shaft (091) of the blower cylinder (09) extends out of the blower cylinder and is provided with a driven wheel (4); the driven wheel (4) on the rotating shaft (091) is driven to rotate by the driving wheel (3) on the auger shaft (08).

8. The multi-crop thresher according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the auger shaft (08) extends out of the auger bin (07) and is equipped with at least one driving wheel (3), and the rotating shaft (091) of the blower (09) extends out of the blower and is equipped with at least one driven wheel (4); when the sum of the number of the driving wheels (3) on the auger shaft (08) and the number of the driven wheels (4) on the rotating shaft (091) is greater than or equal to 3, different transmission ratios are formed between the mutually transmitting driving wheels and the driven wheels.

9. The multi-crop thresher according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The auger shaft (08) extends out of the auger bin (07) and is provided with a speed change mechanism (1). The speed change mechanism (1) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (052) of the exhaust fan (05). The speed change mechanism (1) enables the rotating shaft (052) of the exhaust fan (05) to have a rotation speed greater than or equal to the rotation speed of the auger shaft (08).

10. The crop thresher according to claim 9, characterized in that: The speed change mechanism (1) and the driving wheel (3) on the auger shaft (08) for driving the rotating shaft (091) of the blower (09) to rotate are both arranged at the same end of the auger shaft (08), or the speed change mechanism (1) and the driving wheel (3) on the auger shaft (08) for driving the rotating shaft (091) of the blower (09) to rotate are respectively arranged at both ends of the auger shaft (08).

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