Automatic clamping mechanism for spindle cutter

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic clamping mechanism for a main shaft cutter, which comprises a hollow shaft core and a shell in running fit with the shaft core, a taper hole is arranged at the front end of the shaft core, an end face key is arranged on the end face of the taper hole, an outer diameter sleeve is embedded in the shaft core, a taper sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the outer diameter sleeve, a pull rod is arranged in the shaft core in a sliding manner, and a belleville spring is arranged on the pull rod. A pull claw matched with the outer diameter sleeve is installed at one end of the pull rod, a guide sleeve is arranged at the other end of the pull rod, a gland is arranged on the outer side of the shaft core and penetrates through the shaft core to be connected with the guide sleeve, and a piston assembly used for driving the pull rod is arranged on the shell. The cutter handle can be effectively prevented from being installed or taken down due to the fact that the pulling claws are not expanded in place when the cutter is assembled and disassembled, cutter changing stability is effectively improved, the failure rate is reduced, and therefore machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control processing equipment, in particular to an automatic clamping mechanism for a spindle tool. Background Art

[0002] The machining center has developed from the CNC milling machine. The biggest difference between the machining center and the CNC milling machine is that the machining center has the ability to automatically exchange machining tools. By installing tools for different purposes on the tool magazine, the machining tools on the spindle can be changed through the automatic tool changing device in one clamping to achieve multiple machining functions. The CNC machining center is a high-efficiency automated machine tool composed of mechanical equipment and CNC systems, which is suitable for machining complex parts. The CNC machining center is one of the CNC machine tools with the highest output and the most widespread application in the world. After the processed parts are clamped once, the CNC system can control the machine tool to automatically select and change tools according to different processes.

[0003] The spindle is an indispensable component of the machining center and has a significant impact on the work of the machining center. The machining tool is installed on the spindle through an automatic clamping mechanism. After the existing automatic clamping mechanism has been used for a long time, it is easy for the tool to be unable to be installed or removed, which not only affects the machining efficiency, but also easily causes safety accidents. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an automatic spindle tool clamping mechanism.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a spindle tool automatic clamping mechanism, including a hollow shaft core, a shell that rotates with the shaft core, a tapered hole is provided at the front end of the shaft core, an end face of the tapered hole is provided with an end face key, an outer diameter sleeve is embedded in the shaft core, a tapered sleeve is provided at the bottom of the outer diameter sleeve, a pull rod is provided for sliding in the shaft core, a butterfly spring is provided on the pull rod, a pull claw that cooperates with the outer diameter sleeve is installed at one end of the pull rod, a guide sleeve is provided at the other end of the pull rod, a pressure cover is provided on the outside of the shaft core, the pressure cover passes through the shaft core and is connected with the guide sleeve, and a piston assembly for driving the pull rod is provided on the shell.

[0006] Preferably, the piston assembly includes a cylinder arranged above the shell, a piston is slidably provided on the shaft core in the cylinder, an air guide channel is opened on the top of the cylinder, and a first air nozzle connected to the air guide channel is installed on the outside of the cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, a guide rod is fixedly provided on the piston and is in sliding engagement with the housing, and a return spring is provided on the guide rod.

[0008] Preferably, a second gas nozzle is installed on the housing.

[0009] Preferably, air holes are provided on the side walls of the tapered hole.

[0010] Preferably, a buffer pad is provided on the gland.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the utility model enables the pulling claw to expand or contract along the radial direction of the tapered sleeve by setting the tapered sleeve at the bottom of the outer diameter sleeve, which can effectively prevent the tool handle from being unable to be installed or removed due to the pulling claw not expanding in place when loading and unloading the tool, effectively improves the stability of tool changing, reduces the failure rate, and thus improves the processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic spindle tool clamping mechanism of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an automatic spindle tool clamping mechanism of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Partial view at point A in the middle.

[0016] The numbers shown in the figure are: 1. shaft core; 2. housing; 3. tapered hole; 4. end face key; 5. outer diameter sleeve; 6. tapered sleeve; 7. pull rod; 8. butterfly spring; 9. pull claw; 10. guide sleeve; 11. pressure cover; 12. cylinder; 13. piston; 14. air guide duct; 15. first air nozzle; 16. guide rod; 17. return spring; 18. second air nozzle; 19. air hole; 20. buffer pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), such directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0018] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0019] The following will be combined with specific embodiments to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the structure of the utility model is: an automatic clamping mechanism for a spindle tool, comprising a hollow shaft core 1, a shell 2 that rotates with the shaft core 1, a tapered hole 3 is provided at the front end of the shaft core 1, an end face key 4 is provided at the end face of the tapered hole 3, an outer diameter sleeve 5 is embedded in the shaft core 1, a tapered sleeve 6 is provided at the bottom of the outer diameter sleeve 5, a pull rod 7 is provided for sliding in the shaft core 1, a butterfly spring 8 is provided on the pull rod 7, a pull claw 9 that cooperates with the outer diameter sleeve 5 is installed at one end of the pull rod 7, a guide sleeve 10 is provided at the other end of the pull rod 7, a pressure cover 11 is provided on the outside of the shaft core 1, the pressure cover 11 passes through the shaft core 1 and is connected with the guide sleeve 10, a piston assembly for driving the pull rod 7 is provided on the shell 2, specifically, unloading When cutting, the piston assembly presses down the pressure cover 11, and drives the pulling claw 9 to move downward through the pull rod 7, and compresses the butterfly spring 8 at the same time. Under the action of its own elasticity, the pulling claw 9 opens as the aperture of the outer diameter sleeve 5 becomes larger, and as it continues to move downward, the pulling claw 9 abuts against the tapered sleeve 6 and expands radially along the inclined surface of the tapered sleeve 6, so that the pulling claw 9 releases the pull pin, and then the knife handle is removed; when installing the knife, align the notch on the knife handle with the end face key 4 and insert it into the tapered hole 3, then the piston assembly is depressurized, and the pull rod 7 moves upward under the action of the butterfly spring 8 to make the pulling claw 9 disengage from the tapered sleeve 6, and as the aperture of the outer diameter sleeve 5 becomes smaller, it is forced to radially retract and clamp the pull pin, so that the knife handle is gradually tightened as the pull rod 7 moves upward.

[0021] like Figure 2As shown, the piston assembly includes a cylinder 12 arranged above the shell 2, and a piston 13 is slidably provided on the shaft core 1 in the cylinder 12. An air guide 14 is opened on the top of the cylinder 12, and a first air nozzle 15 connected to the air guide 14 is installed on the outside of the cylinder 12. Specifically, when the knife is unloaded, the first air nozzle 15 is connected to the compressed air, which enters the air guide 14 through the first air nozzle 15, pushing the piston 13 to move downward, and at the same time driving the pressure cover 11 to move downward; when the knife is installed, the compressed air supply is cut off, and the pressure cover 11 moves upward under the action of the butterfly spring 8, and at the same time pushes the piston 13 to reset.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, a guide rod 16 is fixedly provided on the piston 13 and is in sliding cooperation with the housing 2. A return spring 17 is provided on the guide rod 16. Specifically, the guide rod 16 is used to ensure that the piston 13 is stable when moving up and down, and the return spring 17 is used to ensure that the piston 13 is evenly stressed when moving up and down.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, a second air nozzle 18 is installed on the shell 2, and an air hole 19 is opened on the side wall of the tapered hole 3. Specifically, the second air nozzle 18 is connected to compressed air, and the compressed air enters the cavity between the shaft core 1 and the shell 2 to cool the spindle; when loading and unloading the tool, the compressed air is ejected through the air hole 19 on the tapered hole 3 to blow away iron filings, debris, cutting fluid, etc. in the tapered hole 3 to ensure that the spindle tapered hole 3 is clean.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, a buffer pad 20 is provided on the gland 11. Specifically, the buffer pad 20 is used to reduce the impact when the piston 13 is pressed down and reduce noise.

[0025] During specific use, when removing the knife, the piston assembly presses down the pressure cover 11, and drives the pulling claw 9 to move downward through the pull rod 7, and at the same time compresses the butterfly spring 8. Under the action of its own elasticity, the pulling claw 9 opens as the aperture of the outer diameter sleeve 5 becomes larger. As the pulling claw 9 continues to move downward, it abuts against the tapered sleeve 6 and expands radially along the inclined surface of the tapered sleeve 6, so that the pulling claw 9 releases the pull pin, and then the knife handle is removed; when installing the knife, align the notch on the knife handle with the end face key 4 and insert it into the tapered hole 3, then the piston assembly is depressurized, and the pull rod 7 moves upward under the action of the butterfly spring 8 to make the pulling claw 9 disengage from the tapered sleeve 6, and as the aperture of the outer diameter sleeve 5 becomes smaller, it is forced to radially retract and clamp the pull pin, so that the knife handle is gradually tightened as the pull rod 7 moves upward.

[0026] The above further describes the present invention with the help of specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the specific description here should not be construed as limiting the essence and scope of the present invention. Various modifications made to the above embodiments by ordinary technicians in this field after reading this specification are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle tool automatic clamping mechanism, characterized by: The invention comprises a hollow shaft core (1) and a shell (2) rotatably matched with the shaft core (1), wherein the front end of the shaft core (1) is provided with a tapered hole (3), the end face of the tapered hole (3) is provided with an end face key (4), an outer diameter sleeve (5) is embedded in the shaft core (1), a tapered sleeve (6) is provided at the bottom of the outer diameter sleeve (5), a pull rod (7) is slidably provided in the shaft core (1), a butterfly spring (8) is provided on the pull rod (7), a pull claw (9) matched with the outer diameter sleeve (5) is installed at one end of the pull rod (7), a guide sleeve (10) is provided at the other end of the pull rod (7), a pressure cover (11) is provided on the outside of the shaft core (1), the pressure cover (11) passes through the shaft core (1) and is connected to the guide sleeve (10), and a piston assembly for driving the pull rod (7) is provided on the shell (2).

2. The automatic spindle tool clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston assembly comprises a cylinder (12) arranged above the housing (2), a piston (13) slidingly arranged on the shaft core (1) in the cylinder (12), an air guide channel (14) opened at the top of the cylinder (12), and a first air nozzle (15) connected to the air guide channel (14) installed on the outside of the cylinder (12).

3. The automatic spindle tool clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide rod (16) is fixedly provided on the piston (13) and is in sliding engagement with the housing (2). A return spring (17) is provided on the guide rod (16).

4. The automatic spindle tool clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second gas nozzle (18) is mounted on the housing (2).

5. The automatic spindle tool clamping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air hole (19) is provided on the side wall of the tapered hole (3).

6. The automatic spindle tool clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer pad (20) is provided on the gland (11).

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