Screening device for soil profile organic pollutant degrading bacteria

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biological engineering, and particularly relates to a screening device for soil profile organic pollutant degrading bacteria, which is characterized in that the screening device for the soil profile organic pollutant degrading bacteria is arranged in a soil layer, a plurality of layers of supporting flat plates are sequentially and horizontally arranged on a support from top to bottom, and the supporting flat plates are arranged at intervals; the cut sheet-shaped to-be-degraded objects are uniformly laid on the supporting flat plates so as to correspond to different soil depths. After the experiment is finished, the device is taken out from the soil, and the soil samples with different depths are subjected to degrading bacterium screening. The flaky to-be-degraded objects are laid above the horizontally arranged supporting flat plate, so that the to-be-degraded objects are only degraded by microorganisms in the same soil depth, and the screening precision is ensured. The contact area between the to-be-degraded object and soil microorganisms can be increased through the through holes in the supporting flat plate, the microorganisms can degrade from the upper side and the lower side of the to-be-degraded object, the degradation capacity of the soil microorganisms is improved, and the screening time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of bioengineering, in particular to a screening device for soil profile organic pollutant-degrading bacteria. Background Art

[0002] Organic pollutants are natural organic substances in the form of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and fats, as well as certain other biodegradable synthetic organic substances. Microbial degradation of organic pollutants is gaining increasing attention because it contributes to environmental protection.

[0003] Microbial degradation refers to the process by which microorganisms convert organic matter into simple inorganic compounds. Microbial decomposition converts the excreta and dead bodies of various organisms in nature into simple inorganic compounds. Microorganisms can also degrade synthetic organic compounds. For example, oxidation converts aldrin into dieldrin, while reduction converts nitro-containing pesticides into amines. Ring cleavage of aromatic groups is also a common reaction in microbial degradation. Microbial degradation enables the cycle of life elements, degrading various complex organic compounds and thus maintaining a healthy ecosystem.

[0004] Currently, microorganisms that degrade organic matter are mainly used to degrade four types of difficult-to-degrade organic matter: phenolic compounds, aromatic compounds, chlorinated aliphatic compounds, and nitrile compounds. However, there are many types of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and a large group of biological groups including some small protozoa and microalgae. Different types of microorganisms are used to degrade different organic compounds. Moreover, for the same organic compound, the types of microorganisms and their degradation capabilities vary at different soil depths. In order to find efficient organic pollutant-degrading bacteria, experimentalists need to screen from different environments (including different soil depths). However, the existing technology lacks a screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profiles. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to screen high-efficiency degrading bacteria of soil organic pollutants. The utility model designs a screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profiles to screen organic pollutant-degrading bacteria at different depths in the soil.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: a screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in a soil profile, the screening device being arranged in a soil layer, the experimental device comprising a bracket, a supporting plate and a sheet-like object to be degraded;

[0007] The multiple layers of the support plates are horizontally arranged on the bracket in order from top to bottom, the support plates are spaced apart from each other, and the support plates are provided with through holes running through them from top to bottom;

[0008] The objects to be degraded are evenly laid on top of each supporting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the present invention further comprises a sampling slot, wherein the sampling slot is provided on the supporting plate;

[0010] The sampling trough is located below the support plate, with its upper end surface flush with the upper end surface of the support plate. The sampling trough is provided below the support plate to sample the soil around each layer of the support plate, facilitating the subsequent screening of organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in the soil at different depths.

[0011] Preferably, the sampling tank is provided with an exchange hole on the side wall below the support plate. By providing the exchange hole on the side wall below the support plate, fungi can freely enter and exit the sampling tank, thereby improving the degradation efficiency at the sampling tank.

[0012] Preferably, the sampling trough is detachably arranged on the supporting plate, so that the soil sample can be directly taken away through the sampling trough.

[0013] Preferably, the support plate is provided with a plurality of sampling slots, and the uniformity of sampling is ensured by providing multiple groups of sampling slots.

[0014] Preferably, the support plate is movably mounted on the bracket. By movably mounting the support plate on the bracket, the height of each support plate in the soil layer can be adjusted, thereby screening microorganisms in soil layers at different depths and facilitating the placement of sheet-like degradable materials.

[0015] In the present invention, the bracket preferably includes a support base and a vertical rod vertically arranged on the support base, the support plate is slidably arranged on the vertical rod, and the support plate and the vertical rod are connected by fasteners. By slidably arranging the support plate on the vertical rod and connecting the support plate and the vertical rod with fasteners, the position of the support plate can be adjusted.

[0016] Preferably, the bracket of the present invention includes a support base and a telescopic rod vertically arranged on the support base;

[0017] The telescopic rods are spaced apart from each other, and a supporting plate is provided at the top of each telescopic rod. The position of the supporting plate can be adjusted directly by adjusting the height of the telescopic rod, which is more convenient.

[0018] The utility model preferably has a distance of 40 cm between the top support plate and the bottom support plate. Because soil microorganisms usually degrade organic matter through aerobic reactions, the depth of the soil layer is controlled to ensure the degradation ability of the microorganisms.

[0019] Preferably, the object to be degraded in the present invention comprises a polyethylene plastic film. At present, plastic pollution has become a global environmental problem. Polyethylene (PE) plastic is the most abundant variety of universal synthetic resins in the world, and is also one of the most difficult-to-degrade plastics. Its large-scale accumulation in the environment has caused serious ecological pollution. Traditional landfill, composting and incineration treatment technologies are difficult to meet the requirements of ecological environmental protection. Biodegradation is an eco-friendly, low-cost and promising method to solve the problem of plastic pollution. Since polyethylene has a stable chemical structure, it is difficult to be degraded by microorganisms. Therefore, there is an urgent need to screen for relevant degradation strains such as PE plastics.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in the soil profile of the present invention is arranged in the soil layer, and multiple layers of supporting plates are arranged horizontally on the bracket from top to bottom, and the supporting plates are arranged at intervals from each other. Sheet-shaped objects to be degraded are laid on top of each supporting plate to correspond to soil layers of different depths, and soil microorganisms at different depths are screened according to the degree of degradation of the objects to be degraded.

[0021] Since the sheet-like objects to be degraded are laid on top of a horizontally arranged support plate, it is ensured that the objects to be degraded will only be degraded by microorganisms located at the same soil depth, thereby improving the screening accuracy.

[0022] In order to improve the degradation ability of microorganisms, through holes are set on the supporting plate to increase the contact area between the object to be degraded and the soil microorganisms, so that the microorganisms can degrade from both sides of the object to be degraded, thereby improving the degradation ability of soil microorganisms and shortening the screening time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device for screening soil profile organic pollutant-degrading bacteria according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in a soil profile according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] In the figure, 1 bracket, 11 vertical rod, 12 support base;

[0026] 2 supporting plate, 21 through hole;

[0027] 3. Substances to be degraded;

[0028] 4 sampling slots, 41 exchange holes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in a soil profile is provided. The screening device is placed within a soil layer and comprises a support frame 1, a support plate 2, and a sheet of degradable material 3. The thickness of the material 3 is consistent across the entire surface, ensuring comparability of degradation test results. This allows comparison of degradation effects at various locations on the same support plate 2, enabling faster selection of suitable bacterial strains.

[0032] The multiple layers of the support plates 2 are horizontally arranged on the bracket 1 from top to bottom. The support plates 2 are spaced apart from each other. The support plates 2 are provided with through holes 21 that pass through the support plates 2 from top to bottom. The through holes 21 are evenly distributed on the support plates 2.

[0033] The objects to be degraded 3 are laid on top of each supporting plate 2 , and the objects to be degraded 3 are organic matter.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the device for soil profile microbial degradation further includes a sampling trough 4 , which is arranged on the supporting plate 2 .

[0035] The sampling groove 4 is located below the supporting plate 2 , and the upper end surface of the sampling groove 4 is flush with the upper end surface of the supporting plate 2 , thereby not affecting the laying of the object to be degraded 3 .

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the sampling tank 4 is provided with an exchange hole 41 on the side wall below the support plate 2. The exchange hole 41 is arranged upwardly or horizontally relative to the bottom of the sampling tank 4 to ensure that fungi can enter and exit the sampling tank 4 through the exchange hole 41 while preventing soil from falling out of the sampling tank 4 during soil sampling.

[0037] The sampling slots 4 are detachably mounted on the support plate 2. The support plate 2 is provided with a plurality of sampling slots 4. Specifically, the support plate 2 is provided with a countersunk groove, and the upper ends of the sampling slots 4 are provided with protruding edges. The sampling slots 4 are fixed in the countersunk grooves to avoid affecting the sheet-like degradable material 3 above.

[0038] The support plate 2 can be movably arranged on the bracket 1 up and down, and the support plate 2 can also be welded to the bracket 1.

[0039] The bracket 1 includes a support base 12 and a vertical rod 11 vertically arranged on the support base 12. The support plate 2 can be slid up and down on the vertical rod 11. The support plate 2 is connected to the vertical rod 11 by fasteners (not shown in the figure). Bolt holes spaced apart up and down can be set on the vertical rod 11, and the vertical rod 11 is fixed by using bolts and bolt holes.

[0040] The distance between the supporting plate 2 on the top layer and the supporting plate 2 on the bottom layer is 40 cm.

[0041] The object to be degraded 3 is a plastic film, which is cut into square films with a length of 4 cm. The object to be degraded 3 is cut into a specified size to ensure that each layer of the object to be degraded 3 is of the same size for better comparison.

[0042] The method for screening organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in different soil depths using the soil profile organic pollutant-degrading bacteria screening device of the utility model is as follows:

[0043] A screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in the soil profile is buried in the soil layers of different regions, and the object to be degraded 3 is laid on the supporting plate 2. Specifically, a plastic film is laid on the supporting plate 2, and soil is covered on the plastic film. After the same specified time, the experimental device is taken out from the soil layer, and soil samples from the surface of the plastic film at different depths are collected. Organic pollutant-degrading bacteria are cultured and screened according to the degradation degree of the plastic film at different depths.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] The difference from Example 1 is that the bracket 1 includes a support base 12 and a telescopic rod vertically arranged on the support base 12.

[0046] The telescopic rods are spaced apart from each other, and a supporting plate 2 (not shown in the figure) is provided at the top of each telescopic rod. The telescopic rods are spaced apart from each other and distributed on the supporting base 12 to avoid interference between the supporting plates 2.

Claims

1. A screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profiles, characterized by: The screening device is arranged in the soil layer, and comprises a support (1), a supporting plate (2) and sheet-shaped degradable materials (3); The multiple layers of the support plates (2) are horizontally arranged on the bracket (1) in order from top to bottom, the support plates (2) are spaced apart from each other, and the support plates (2) are provided with through holes (21) penetrating from top to bottom; The objects to be degraded (3) are laid on top of each supporting plate (2).

2. The screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sampling slot (4), wherein the sampling slot (4) is arranged on the supporting plate (2); The upper end surface of the sampling groove (4) is flush with the upper end surface of the supporting plate (2).

3. The screening device for soil profile organic pollutant-degrading bacteria according to claim 2, characterized in that: An exchange hole (41) is provided on the side wall of the sampling tank (4) located below the supporting plate (2).

4. The screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling slot (4) is detachably arranged on the supporting plate (2).

5. The screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profile according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of sampling slots (4) are provided on the supporting plate (2).

6. The screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting plate (2) is movably arranged on the bracket (1) up and down.

7. The screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profile according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bracket (1) comprises a support base (12) and a vertical rod (11) vertically arranged on the support base (12); the support plate (2) is arranged on the vertical rod (11) so as to be slidable up and down; the support plate (2) and the vertical rod (11) are connected via fasteners.

8. The screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profile according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bracket (1) comprises a support base (12) and a telescopic rod vertically arranged on the support base (12); The telescopic rods are arranged at intervals from each other, and a supporting plate (2) is provided at the top end of each telescopic rod.

9. The device for screening soil profile organic pollutant-degrading bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the supporting plate (2) of the top layer and the supporting plate (2) of the bottom layer is 40 cm.

10. The screening device for organic pollutant-degrading bacteria in soil profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The object to be degraded (3) comprises a plastic film.

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