Laser cladding head capable of adjusting cladding distance

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cladding, and particularly discloses a laser cladding head capable of adjusting a cladding distance, which comprises a U-shaped frame, a cladding head, a tubular workpiece clamping seat, a transverse driving mechanism for driving the cladding head to move transversely, and a vertical driving mechanism for driving the tubular workpiece clamping seat to move vertically, the outer portion of the cladding head is connected with a laser distance measuring sensor through a support, and the laser distance measuring sensor is electrically connected with the master controller. According to the technical scheme, the motor is matched with the lead screw and the guide rod to regulate and control the transverse track of the cladding head, the laser cladding process can be efficiently carried out on the surface of the pipe workpiece in cooperation with the cladding head moving transversely, and the distance from the surface of the pipe workpiece to the cladding head is monitored in real time through the laser distance measuring sensor; the controller is matched with the vertical driving mechanism for driving the tubular workpiece clamping seat to vertically move, so that the distance from the surface of the tubular workpiece to the cladding head can be controlled at a reference point, and the problem that the workpiece is burnt out or a material cannot be melted to the surface of the workpiece is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance. Background Art

[0002] Currently, laser cladding is a processing method that uses a laser beam to melt the material and rapidly cool it to form a coating. It can add a highly firm protective layer on the surface of the workpiece, achieving effects such as workpiece repair and surface strengthening. During the laser cladding process, the distance between the laser cladding head and the surface to be processed has a direct impact on the cladding effect. When the distance is too close, it is easy to burn the workpiece. When the distance is too far, the material cannot be melted to the workpiece surface, and the firmness is poor. When the workpiece surface is irregular, it is necessary to monitor the distance between the cladding head and the workpiece surface in real time and make real-time and efficient adjustments. Therefore, we propose a laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance, which solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance, comprising a U-shaped frame, a cladding head, a pipe workpiece clamping seat, a transverse drive mechanism for driving the cladding head to move laterally, and a vertical drive mechanism for driving the pipe workpiece clamping seat to move vertically, the transverse drive mechanism comprising a guide rod and a screw rod arranged in parallel at the top end of the U-shaped frame, a motor A for driving the screw rod to rotate being provided at one end of the U-shaped frame, the middle portion of the guide rod being connected to a slide through, the screw rod being engaged with the slide, the bottom of the slide being connected to the cladding head, a laser distance sensor being connected to the outside of the cladding head via a bracket, and the laser distance sensor being electrically connected to a master controller;

[0005] A motor B for driving the tapered chuck A to rotate is provided at one end of the pipe workpiece clamping seat, and an electric push rod for driving the tapered chuck B to move laterally is provided at the other end. The push rod end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the tapered chuck B through a rotating seat;

[0006] A motor C is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the pipe workpiece clamping seat, the motor shaft of the motor C is coaxially connected to the threaded rod, and a through-hole seat engaged with the threaded rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of the U-shaped frame.

[0007] Furthermore, four support columns are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the pipe workpiece clamping seat, and the four support columns all pass through the through-hole seat. Four hydraulic cylinders are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame, and the hydraulic cylinders are vertically aligned with the support columns.

[0008] Furthermore, a round pedestal seat is fixedly provided on the top end of the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the round pedestal seat is in contact with the bottom end of the support column.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating seat includes a fixed platform and a central axis rotatably arranged in the middle of the fixed platform, the central axis is connected to the tapered chuck B, and four polished rods are fixedly arranged at one end of the fixed platform away from the tapered chuck B, and the four polished rods are all connected to one side of the pipe workpiece clamping seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the bracket includes a ring sleeve and a through-hole platform, the laser ranging sensor is fixed to the middle of the through-hole platform by bolts, and the contact surface between the ring sleeve and the cladding head is provided with a heat-insulating tile.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] The technical solution of the present application uses motor A in conjunction with a screw rod and a guide rod to control the lateral trajectory of the cladding head. Motor B cooperates with a pipe workpiece clamp to rotationally clamp the pipe workpiece. The cladding head that moves laterally can efficiently perform the laser cladding process on the surface of the pipe workpiece. The laser ranging sensor monitors the distance from the surface of the pipe workpiece to the cladding head in real time. The controller cooperates with the vertical drive mechanism that drives the vertical displacement of the pipe workpiece clamp to control the distance from the surface of the pipe workpiece to the cladding head at the reference point, thereby avoiding the problem of burning the workpiece or failing to melt the material to the workpiece surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of a laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front view of a laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the reference point position of the laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance.

[0017] In the figure: 1. U-shaped frame; 2. Motor A; 3. Cladding head; 4. Slide; 5. Laser ranging sensor; 501, bracket; 6. Guide rod; 7. Screw; 8. Taper chuck B; 9. Rotating seat; 10. Electric push rod; 11. Tube workpiece clamping seat; 12. Support column; 13. Hydraulic cylinder; 14. Threaded rod; 15. Motor C; 16. Through-hole seat; 17. Taper chuck A; 18. Motor B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] Example 1, as Figure 1-3 As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: a laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance, comprising a U-shaped frame 1, a cladding head 3, a pipe workpiece clamping seat 11, a lateral drive mechanism for driving the cladding head 3 to move laterally, and a vertical drive mechanism for driving the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11 to move vertically. The lateral drive mechanism comprises a guide rod 6 and a screw rod 7 arranged in parallel at the top end of the U-shaped frame 1. A motor A2 for driving the screw rod 7 to rotate is provided at one end of the U-shaped frame 1. The middle part of the guide rod 6 is connected to the slide 4 through the middle part, the screw rod 7 is engaged with the slide 4, and the bottom of the slide 4 is connected to the cladding head 3. The outside of the cladding head 3 is connected to a laser distance sensor 5 through a bracket 501, and the laser distance sensor 5 is electrically connected to the main controller.

[0020] A motor B18 for driving the tapered chuck A17 to rotate is provided at one end of the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11, and an electric push rod 10 for driving the tapered chuck B8 to move laterally is provided at the other end. The push rod end of the electric push rod 10 is rotatably connected to the tapered chuck B8 through the rotating seat 9;

[0021] A motor C15 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11 , and the motor shaft of the motor C15 is coaxially connected to the threaded rod 14 . A through-hole seat 16 engaged with the threaded rod 14 is fixedly provided in the middle of the U-shaped frame 1 .

[0022] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, motor A2, motor B18 and motor C15 are all servo motors, which are uniformly controlled by a master controller to adjust the parameters of motor A2 and motor B18. The cladding head 3 performs circular step-by-step laser cladding on the surface of the pipe workpiece. When the push rod of the electric push rod 10 retracts, the tapered chuck B8 moves away from the tapered chuck A17. Conversely, when the push rod of the electric push rod 10 is pushed back, the tapered chuck B8 moves close to the tapered chuck A17, thereby realizing the rapid disassembly and assembly of the pipe workpiece by the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11.

[0023] The cladding head 3 integrates a laser component, an optical lens component and a powder feeding component. The powder feeding component transports the powder required for the cladding coating. The laser component cooperates with the optical lens component to focus the laser beam and irradiate it onto the workpiece surface to achieve high energy density heating and melting. The intersection of the laser ranging sensor 5 and the cladding head 3 at the optimal distance point on the surface of the pipe workpiece is set as the reference point (such as Figure 3As shown), at this time, the distance value fed back by the laser ranging sensor 5 to the main controller is A. As the cladding head 3 moves laterally, when the surface of the pipe workpiece is irregular in diameter, the laser ranging sensor 5 feeds back a distance value B to the main controller in real time. When B is greater than A, it means that the surface of the pipe workpiece is too far away from the cladding head 3. After signal processing, the main controller controls the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11 to lift by setting a program, so that the surface of the pipe workpiece is close to the cladding head 3, thereby compensating for the problem that the surface of the pipe workpiece is too far away from the cladding head 3. When B is less than A, it means that the surface of the pipe workpiece is too close to the cladding head 3. After signal processing, the main controller controls the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11 to descend by setting a program, so that the surface of the pipe workpiece is away from the cladding head 3, thereby compensating for the problem that the surface of the pipe workpiece is too close to the cladding head 3.

[0024] The lifting and lowering of the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11 is achieved through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor C15. When the motor C15 drives the threaded rod 14 to rotate forward, the threaded rod 14 engages with the threaded hole in the middle of the through-hole seat 16, and the support column 12 slides in the through-hole of the through-hole seat 16 to achieve the lowering adjustment of the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11. When the motor C15 drives the threaded rod 14 to reverse, the lifting adjustment of the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11 is achieved.

[0025] In the preferred technical solution, four support columns 12 are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11, and the four support columns 12 all pass through the through-hole seat 16. Four hydraulic cylinders 13 are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame 1, and the hydraulic cylinders 13 are vertically aligned with the support columns 12. When the surface of the pipe workpiece is of a regular diameter, the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 13 can contact the bottom of the support column 12 to assist in supporting the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11.

[0026] In the preferred technical solution, a truncated pedestal seat is fixedly provided at the top end of the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 13, and the truncated pedestal seat contacts the bottom of the support column 12. The truncated pedestal seat increases the contact area with the bottom of the support column 12 and improves stability.

[0027] In the preferred technical solution, the rotating seat 9 includes a fixed platform and a central axis rotatably arranged in the middle of the fixed platform, the central axis is connected to the tapered chuck B8, and four light rods are fixedly arranged at one end of the fixed platform away from the tapered chuck B8. The four light rods are all connected to one side of the pipe workpiece clamping seat 11. The tapered chuck B8 can rotate on the fixed platform through the central axis, and the four light rods ensure the stability of the fixed platform during lateral movement.

[0028] In the preferred technical solution, the bracket 501 includes a ring sleeve and a through-hole platform. The laser ranging sensor 5 is fixed to the middle of the through-hole platform by bolts. The contact surface between the ring sleeve and the cladding head 3 is provided with thermal insulation tiles. The thermal insulation tiles are used to protect the bracket 501 and prevent high temperature from being transferred to the laser ranging sensor 5.

[0029] In summary, the present invention regulates the lateral trajectory of the cladding head 3 by means of the motor A in cooperation with the screw 7 and the guide rod 6, and the motor B in cooperation with the tubular workpiece clamping seat 11 can rotationally clamp the tubular workpiece. The cladding head 3 that moves laterally can efficiently perform the laser cladding process on the surface of the tubular workpiece. The laser ranging sensor 5 monitors the distance from the surface of the tubular workpiece to the cladding head 3 in real time. The controller is used in cooperation with the vertical drive mechanism that drives the vertical displacement of the tubular workpiece clamping seat 11, so that the distance from the surface of the tubular workpiece to the cladding head 3 can be controlled at the reference point, thereby avoiding the problem of burning the workpiece or failing to melt the material to the workpiece surface.

Claims

1. A laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance, characterized by: The invention comprises a U-shaped frame (1), a cladding head (3), a pipe workpiece clamping seat (11), a lateral driving mechanism for driving the cladding head (3) to move horizontally, and a vertical driving mechanism for driving the pipe workpiece clamping seat (11) to move vertically, wherein the lateral driving mechanism comprises a guide rod (6) and a screw rod (7) arranged in parallel at the top end of the U-shaped frame (1), a motor A (2) for driving the screw rod (7) to rotate is arranged at one end of the U-shaped frame (1), the guide rod (6) is connected to the slide seat (4) through, the screw rod (7) is engaged with the slide seat (4), the bottom of the slide seat (4) is connected to the cladding head (3), the outside of the cladding head (3) is connected to a laser distance sensor (5) through a bracket (501), and the laser distance sensor (5) is electrically connected to the main controller; A motor B (18) for driving the conical chuck A (17) to rotate is provided at one end of the pipe workpiece clamping seat (11), and an electric push rod (10) for driving the conical chuck B (8) to move laterally is provided at the other end, and the push rod end of the electric push rod (10) is rotatably connected to the conical chuck B (8) through a rotating seat (9); A motor C (15) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the pipe workpiece clamping seat (11), the motor shaft of the motor C (15) is coaxially connected to the threaded rod (14), and a through-hole seat (16) engaged with the threaded rod (14) is fixedly provided in the middle of the U-shaped frame (1).

2. The laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four support columns (12) are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the pipe workpiece clamping seat (11), and the four support columns (12) all pass through the through-hole seat (16). Four hydraulic cylinders (13) are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame (1), and the hydraulic cylinders (13) are vertically aligned with the support columns (12).

3. The laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance according to claim 2, characterized in that: A truncated pedestal seat is fixedly provided at the top end of the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder (13), and the truncated pedestal seat is in contact with the bottom of the support column (12).

4. The laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating seat (9) includes a fixed platform and a central axis rotatably arranged in the middle of the fixed platform, the central axis is connected to the tapered chuck B (8), and four polished rods are fixedly arranged at one end of the fixed platform away from the tapered chuck B (8), and the four polished rods are all connected to one side of the pipe workpiece clamping seat (11).

5. The laser cladding head with adjustable cladding distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (501) comprises a ring sleeve and a through-hole platform, the laser distance sensor (5) is fixed to the middle of the through-hole platform by means of bolts, and a heat-insulating tile is provided on the contact surface between the ring sleeve and the cladding head (3).

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