Floor heave treatment device suitable for gob-side entry retaining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heave floor treatment device suitable for gob-side entry retaining, which comprises a roadway bottom plate anchoring mechanism, an anchoring foundation with a bilaterally symmetrical structure is laid under a roadway bottom plate, a water-resisting layer is arranged at the bottom of the anchoring foundation, and an inverted arch hardened layer is arranged above the water-resisting layer. The roadway bottom plate anchoring mechanism comprises a plurality of anchoring connecting parts and a plurality of bottom plate anchoring assemblies, the anchoring connecting parts are positioned above the water-resisting layer, the length direction of the anchoring connecting parts is arranged in the left-right direction, and the anchoring connecting parts are arranged in parallel at intervals in the front-back direction; the bottom plate anchoring assembly comprises a plurality of bottom plate anchoring parts which are downwards driven into the ground from the water-resisting layer, the top ends of the bottom plate anchoring parts are fixedly installed and connected with the anchoring connecting part, and the bottom plate anchoring parts are symmetrically arranged in the front-back direction and the left-right direction. On the premise that the integrity of the bottom plate is guaranteed, the bottom plate can be reinforced, the stress of the bottom plate can be prevented from being transmitted into the roadway, and the problem of heaving floor of the gob-side entry retaining roadway can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a floor heave control device, in particular to a device suitable for controlling the floor heave of a tunnel with a tunnel along a gob, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel floor heave, also known as tunnel floor uplift, occurs when the tunnel roof, floor, and rock masses on both sides deform and shift into the tunnel due to mining operations, causing the tunnel floor to bulge upward. Tunnel floor heave can lead to deformation and failure of tunnel supports, a reduction in tunnel cross-section, and thus hinder transportation, pedestrian access, and mine ventilation. Severe floor heave can even render the entire tunnel useless, severely restricting safe and efficient mine production. Therefore, tunnel floor heave has long been a major challenge in underground projects such as coal mining.

[0003] At present, the measures for treating bottom heave in tunnels are mainly carried out from two aspects: (1) reinforcement, including grouting reinforcement, anchor spraying reinforcement, closed support reinforcement, and construction of anti-bottom arch structure; (2) pressure relief, including slotting pressure relief and drilling pressure relief. Traditional reinforcement methods are limited by the strength of rock mass and reinforcement materials. In goaf-side tunnel retaining projects where the stress of tunnel support is more concentrated, traditional bottom plate reinforcement methods can be maintained for a short time and have limited effect. Traditional pressure relief methods mainly involve slotting inside the tunnel to relieve pressure. On the one hand, this will destroy the integrity of the bottom plate and reduce the strength of the bottom plate; on the other hand, under the action of horizontal stress, the bottom plate moves into the tunnel, and the support body will invade the tunnel and tilt, greatly reducing the support effect and endangering mine safety production. Therefore, the use of traditional reinforcement or pressure relief methods to treat bottom heave is often ineffective and cannot fundamentally solve the problem. Bottom heave is prone to recurrence, resulting in repeated tunnel maintenance and a waste of a lot of manpower and material resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a bottom heave control device suitable for goaf-side tunnels, which can reinforce the bottom plate and block the transmission of bottom plate stress into the tunnel while ensuring the integrity of the bottom plate. It can effectively control the bottom heave problem of goaf-side tunnels and improve the stability of goaf-side tunnels.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the bottom drum control device suitable for gondola-side tunnels includes a tunnel bottom plate anchoring mechanism, an anchoring foundation with a left-right symmetrical structure is laid directly below the tunnel bottom plate, the bottom of the anchoring foundation is a water-proof layer, and above the water-proof layer is an anti-bottom arch hardening layer, the tunnel bottom plate anchoring mechanism includes multiple anchoring connection parts and multiple bottom plate anchoring assemblies, the anchoring connection parts buried in the anti-bottom arch hardening layer are positioned above the water-proof layer, and the length direction of the anchoring connection parts is arranged along the left-right direction, and the multiple anchoring connection parts are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the front-back direction, the bottom plate anchoring assembly includes multiple bottom plate anchoring parts driven into the ground from the water-proof layer, and the top end of the bottom plate anchoring part is fixedly installed and connected to the anchoring connection part, and the multiple bottom plate anchoring parts are arranged symmetrically front-to-back and left-to-right at set intervals.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom heave control device suitable for gob-side tunneling also includes a pressure relief groove, which is located on the bottom plate in the outer direction of the support body construction position.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the top surface of the anchor foundation is a flat structure and the bottom surface is a downward-curved arch structure. The anchor connection component is a downward-curved arch structure, and the curvature of the anchor connection component matches the curvature of the bottom surface of the anchor foundation.

[0008] As an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom plate anchoring component is an anchor cable.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, a shear-resistant steel pipe is sleeved on the anchor cable.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of anchoring connection components arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the front-to-back direction are connected by a steel mesh.

[0011] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention is suitable for the bottom heave control device of the goaf-retained tunnel. Because the anchor foundation is laid just below the tunnel floor, and the anchor foundation is provided with a waterproof layer and an anti-bottom arch hardening layer from bottom to top, at the same time, multiple bottom plate anchoring components driven into the ground from the waterproof layer are connected by anchoring connecting components buried in the anti-bottom arch hardening layer. Therefore, the bottom plate anchoring components and the anchor foundation form an integrated structure, which can reinforce the bottom plate and block the path of bottom plate stress transmission into the tunnel while ensuring the integrity of the bottom plate, and can effectively control the bottom heave problem of the goaf-retained tunnel. In addition, the pressure relief groove is opened on the outside of the support body, which can effectively release the stress to the goaf side on the one hand, and prevent the support body from invading the tunnel on the other hand, which can further improve the stability of the goaf-retained tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of .

[0014] In the figure: 1. Tunnel cross section; 2. Support body; 3. Anti-bottom arch hardened layer; 4. Anchor connection components; 5. Water-proof layer; 6. High-strength anchor cable I; 7. High-strength anchor cable II; 8. High-strength anchor cable III; 9. Shear-resistant steel pipe I; 10. Shear-resistant steel pipe II; 11. Shear-resistant steel pipe III; 12. Pressure relief trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Figure 1 The left and right directions of the lane are described as the left and right directions, that is, the width direction of the lane is the left and right direction, and the length direction of the lane is the front and back direction; the direction away from the lane is described as the outside direction).

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the bottom drum control device suitable for goaf-side tunnels includes a tunnel bottom plate anchoring mechanism, an anchoring foundation is laid directly below the tunnel bottom plate, the top surface of the anchoring foundation with a left-right symmetrical structure is a flat structure, and the bottom surface is a downward-bent arch structure, a waterproof layer 5 is laid on the bottom surface of the anchoring foundation, the waterproof layer 5 can be lime soil including quicklime powder, lime-stabilized gravel soil, lime crushed stone soil and other lime-stabilized soil materials with certain strength and water resistance, an anti-bottom arch hardening layer 3 is laid above the waterproof layer 5, the anti-bottom arch hardening layer 3 can be a hardenable material such as cement concrete and lime mortar, the tunnel bottom plate anchoring mechanism includes a plurality of anchoring connection parts 4 and a plurality of bottom plate anchoring assemblies, the anchoring connection part 4 is a downward-bent arch structure, and the anchoring connection part The curvature of the component 4 matches the curvature of the bottom surface of the anchoring foundation. The anchoring connection component 4 buried in the anti-bottom arch hardening layer 3 is positioned above the waterproof layer 5, and the length direction of the anchoring connection component 4 is arranged along the left and right direction. Multiple anchoring connection components 4 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the front and back directions. The bottom plate anchoring assembly includes multiple bottom plate anchoring components driven into the ground from the waterproof layer 5, and the top of the bottom plate anchoring component is fixedly installed and connected to the anchoring connection component 4. Multiple bottom plate anchoring components are arranged symmetrically front to back and left to right at a set interval. The bottom plate anchoring component can be an anchor rod structure or an anchor cable structure. When the bottom plate anchoring component adopts an anchor cable structure, in order to better block the transmission of bottom plate stress to the inside of the tunnel, a shear-resistant steel pipe can be sleeved on the anchor cable.

[0017] When using this floor heave control device for gob-side entry to control floor heave in gob-side entry, the installation steps are as follows:

[0018] First, the tunnel floor is over-excavated according to the shape of the anchor foundation. The over-excavation depth can be set to 0.3-0.8 m according to the width and height of the tunnel section 1. The over-excavation depth of the embodiment is 0.5 m. Then, a 50-150 mm thick waterproof layer 5 is laid at the bottom of the over-excavation pit to seal the floor surrounding rock. The waterproof layer 5 of the embodiment is limestone gravel soil and has a laying thickness of 100 mm.

[0019] Then, the bottom plate anchor holes are constructed with the set drilling depth, hole spacing, row spacing and setting angle. The drilling depth of the bottom plate anchor holes in the embodiment is 5600mm, the hole spacing is 2100mm, and the row spacing is 900mm. Three bottom plate anchor holes are set in each row, the middle bottom plate anchor hole is set vertically downward, and the bottom plate anchor holes on both sides are set at an angle of 30° to the outside relative to the vertical direction;

[0020] Then, the bottom plate anchoring components are lowered and anchored in the bottom plate anchor holes, and the pallet is pre-tightened. In an embodiment, an anchor cable with a shear-resistant steel pipe is lowered and installed in the bottom plate anchor holes, such as Figure 1 As described above, each row is installed with a high-strength anchor cable I6 sleeved with a shear-resistant steel pipe I9, a high-strength anchor cable II7 sleeved with a shear-resistant steel pipe II10, and a high-strength anchor cable III8 sleeved with a shear-resistant steel pipe III11, and the pallet is placed for preliminary pre-tightening;

[0021] After the anchor is hardened, a set pre-tightening force is applied to the bottom plate anchor component, and the anchor connection component 4 is installed. In the embodiment, after applying the set pre-tightening force, a steel ladder beam is set in the axial direction of the bottom plate anchor component, and then the anchor connection component 4 is laid horizontally in the left and right directions, and the anchor connection component 4 is positioned and fixedly connected to the steel ladder beam, and then Figure 2 As shown, a steel mesh is laid on the anchoring connection component 4 and the steel mesh is connected to the steel ladder beam with a wire tie to achieve reinforcement of the anti-bottom arch hardened layer 3;

[0022] Finally, the reverse bottom arch hardening layer 3 is poured. The reverse bottom arch hardening layer 3 in the embodiment is cement concrete.

[0023] The setting of the anchoring connection component 4 and the bottom plate anchoring assembly can reinforce the bottom plate and block the path of bottom plate stress transmission into the tunnel while ensuring the integrity of the bottom plate. It can effectively solve the bottom heaving problem of the tunnel along the goaf and improve the stability of the tunnel along the goaf.

[0024] In order to further improve the stability of the tunnel along the goaf, as a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom drum control device suitable for the tunnel along the goaf also includes a pressure relief groove 12, which is located on the bottom plate in the outer direction of the construction position of the support body 2. After pouring the anti-bottom arch hardening layer 3, before the construction of the support body 2, a groove can be cut on the bottom plate 200 to 800 mm outside the construction position of the support body 2 to form a pressure relief groove 12. In an embodiment, a groove is cut on the bottom plate 500 mm outside the construction position of the support body 2 to form a pressure relief groove 12. The width of the pressure relief groove 12 is 400 mm and the depth is 2000 mm. The provision of the pressure relief groove 12 can, on the one hand, effectively release stress to the goaf side, and on the other hand, prevent the support body 2 from invading the tunnel, which can further improve the stability of the tunnel along the goaf.

Claims

1. A floor heave control device suitable for gob-side entry retaining, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tunnel bottom plate anchoring mechanism, wherein a left-right symmetrical anchoring foundation is laid directly below the tunnel bottom plate, the bottom of the anchoring foundation is a water-proof layer (5), and above the water-proof layer (5) is an anti-bottom arch hardening layer (3), the tunnel bottom plate anchoring mechanism comprises a plurality of anchoring connection parts (4) and a plurality of bottom plate anchoring assemblies, the anchoring connection parts (4) buried in the anti-bottom arch hardening layer (3) are positioned above the water-proof layer (5), and the length direction of the anchoring connection parts (4) is arranged in the left-right direction, and the plurality of anchoring connection parts (4) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the front-back direction, the bottom plate anchoring assembly comprises a plurality of bottom plate anchoring parts driven into the ground from the water-proof layer (5), and the top ends of the bottom plate anchoring parts are fixedly installed and connected to the anchoring connection parts (4), and the plurality of bottom plate anchoring parts are arranged symmetrically in front-back and left-right according to a set spacing.

2. The device for controlling floor heave in gob-side entry retaining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom heave control device suitable for gob-side tunnel retaining further comprises a pressure relief groove (12), wherein the pressure relief groove (12) is located on the bottom plate in the outer direction of the construction position of the support body (2).

3. The device for controlling floor heave in gob-side entry according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the anchor foundation is a plane structure, and the bottom surface is a downwardly curved arch structure. The anchor connection component (4) is a downwardly curved arch structure, and the curvature of the anchor connection component (4) matches the curvature of the bottom surface of the anchor foundation.

4. The device for controlling floor heave in gob-side entry according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bottom plate anchoring component is the anchor cable.

5. The device for controlling floor heave in gob-side entry retaining according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A shear-resistant steel pipe is provided on the anchor cable.

6. The device for controlling floor heave in gob-side entry according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of anchoring connection components (4) arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the front-to-back direction are connected via a steel mesh.

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