Air heating type civil stove provided with air cooling anti-slagging type fire grate

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air heating type civil stove provided with an air cooling anti-slagging type fire grate, which relates to the technical field of air heating type heating stoves and comprises a stove body, a combustion chamber is arranged in the stove body, and a heat exchange chamber is arranged above the combustion chamber. A fire grate is installed in the combustion chamber and comprises a primary air channel, an air cooling channel and a fire grate upper plate, an inlet of the primary air channel is communicated with an air blower, and the primary air channel is provided with a primary air outlet hole with an opening facing the upper surface of the fire grate upper plate. An inlet of the air cooling channel communicates with an air blower, an outlet of the air cooling channel is connected with an inlet of a secondary air pipe, and a secondary air outlet hole communicating with the combustion chamber is formed in the secondary air pipe. A hot air ascending channel is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, an inlet of the hot air ascending channel communicates with an air circulating fan, and an outlet of the hot air ascending channel communicates with the heat exchange pipe; the fire grate is cooled in a forced air cooling mode, the efficiency of a cold area is high, and the anti-slagging effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of air-heating type heating stoves, in particular to an air-heating type civil stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuels are rich in alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. The direct impact of this is that the ash melting point of biomass fuels is often relatively low, which is particularly prone to slagging during direct combustion, gasification and other heat utilization processes. Moreover, if alkali metals enter the flue gas, they will also condense on the heating surface and cause hard ash deposits that are difficult to clean, seriously affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube bundle. Therefore, in the process of gasification or combustion of biomass fuels (or high-alkali coal fuels), how to suppress the slagging problem in the oxidation zone caused by the high alkali metal content has become a pain point and difficult problem in this field.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent application number 202410932298.3 proposes a water-cooled anti-slagging gasification combustion air outlet structure and its control method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method utilizes a designed single-layer grate and a double-layer grate stacked in combination to reduce direct contact between the ash and the local high-temperature area, and the ash temporarily stored in the groove 21 is cooled by the surface of the water-cooled grate to prevent slagging and expansion; the grate 9 is cooled by spraying water into the water-cooling channel 20 in the grate 9; the gasified air is forced to leave the outlet of the grate 9 and blow in a direction parallel to the surface of the grate 9, and the downstream concave surface or groove 21 can promote more air to flow through the area below the fuel 22 close to the surface of the grate 9, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area 23, greatly reducing the local high temperature in the fuel 22, thereby effectively suppressing slagging; the accompanying drawings Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the air flow direction and temperature distribution of a traditional grate. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature after the new grate forces the air to turn.

[0004] The above patent provides a new idea for the air outlet method of the grate, which can better concentrate the combustion area of ​​the fuel in the area close to the grate surface, and prevent high-temperature slagging in the combustion area by cooling the grate; however, this solution mainly cools the grate by water cooling, and for air-heated heating furnaces, there is no external circulating water to cool the grate surface. Therefore, its structure needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate, which uses forced air cooling to cool the grate, has high cooling efficiency and good anti-slagging effect, and is suitable for air-heated civilian stoves.

[0006] The utility model includes a furnace body, which is provided with a combustion chamber, a heat exchange chamber is provided above the combustion chamber, the heat exchange chamber is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe, a heat exchange pipe is provided in the heat exchange chamber, and a warm air outlet is provided on the front side of the heat exchange chamber; an ash chamber is provided below the combustion chamber, and the ash chamber is provided with an ash discharge door; it also includes a hopper, which is connected to a feeding device; a grate is installed in the combustion chamber, the grate is provided with a primary air channel, an air cooling channel and a grate upper plate, the inlet of the primary air channel is connected to the blower, and the primary air channel is provided with a primary air outlet hole opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate; the inlet of the air cooling channel is connected to the blower, and the outlet of the air cooling channel is connected to the inlet of the secondary air duct, and the secondary air duct is provided with a secondary air outlet hole connected to the combustion chamber; a hot air rising channel is provided on the side wall of the furnace body, the inlet of the hot air rising channel is connected to the air circulation fan, and the outlet of the hot air rising channel is connected to the heat exchange pipe, and the air exchanges heat with the flue gas in the heat exchange pipe and is blown out through the warm air outlet.

[0007] Preferably, an air guide plate is provided above the primary air outlet, and the air guide plate is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate.

[0008] Preferably, heat dissipation fins are arranged in parallel at intervals in the air cooling channel, and a heat dissipation groove is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins.

[0009] Preferably, the four side walls of the furnace body are all provided with hot air rising channels, thereby forming an annular airflow space surrounding the furnace body.

[0010] Preferably, a deflector is provided in the hot air rising channel, and the deflector is arranged in a spiral shape in the hot air rising channel and tilted upward, thereby dividing the hot air rising channel into a continuous ascending spiral airflow channel.

[0011] Preferably, heat-conducting fins are installed on the outer wall of the combustion chamber, located in the hot air rising channel.

[0012] Preferably, there are a plurality of grates which are arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber, and an ash dropout opening is formed between two adjacent grates.

[0013] Preferably, the upper plate of the grate is tilted toward the ash outlet.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The air generated by the blower is divided into two streams. The first stream enters the primary air channel of each grate, and then is sprayed into the combustion chamber through the primary air outlet in a direction parallel to the grate surface to support the combustion of the fuel. By blowing air parallel to the grate surface, more air is forced to flow through the area below the fuel close to the grate surface, forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area, facilitating cooling through the grate. This avoids blowing air upward from the bottom of the grate like traditional stoves, which causes the fuel in the upper part to burn, generate high temperatures in the upper part, and cannot dissipate heat in time, resulting in high-temperature slagging.

[0016] The second air flows into the air cooling channel to absorb heat and cool the grate. Forced air cooling is used to cool the grate, which can quickly reduce the surface temperature of the grate. It is more suitable for stoves that do not use water, and can avoid the heat loss caused by the hot water generated by water cooling having nowhere to be used. At the same time, the primary air is used to cool the grate, making the temperature of the air inlet of the air cooling channel lower and the cooling effect better.

[0017] 2. The cooling fins installed in the air cooling channel of the grate increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the grate, making the heat dissipation effect of the grate better;

[0018] 3. A deflector is provided in the hot air rising channel. The deflector is arranged in a spiral shape and tilted upward in the hot air rising channel, thereby dividing the hot air rising channel surrounding the furnace body into a continuously rising spiral airflow channel, so that the air travels longer in the hot air rising channel and the heat absorption effect is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature distribution of the traditional grate mentioned in the background technology;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature after the new grate forced air to turn as cited in this patent in the background technology;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled, anti-slagging grate according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0024] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. heat exchange tube; 3. combustion chamber; 4. heat exchange chamber; 5. hopper; 6. feeding device; 7. grate; 701. primary air channel; 702. primary air outlet; 703. air cooling channel; 704. heat dissipation fin; 705. grate upper plate; 706. air guide plate; 8. secondary air duct; 9. secondary air outlet; 10. blower; 11. primary air channel inlet pipe; 12. air cooling channel inlet pipe; 13. air circulation fan; 14. hot air rising channel; 15. deflector; 16. heat conducting fin; 17. furnace cover; 18. smoke exhaust pipe; 19. ash outlet; 20. water cooling channel; 21. groove; 22. fuel; 23. high temperature area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] The orientations mentioned in this specification are based on the orientation of the air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate of the present invention during normal operation. The orientations during storage and transportation are not limited and only represent relative position relationships, not absolute position relationships.

[0027] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown together, a wind-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate includes a furnace body 1, a furnace cover 17 is provided above the furnace body 1, a combustion chamber 3 is provided in the furnace body 1, a heat exchange chamber 4 is provided above the combustion chamber 3, the heat exchange chamber 4 is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 18, and the smoke generated by the combustion of fuel 22 in the combustion chamber 3 exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube 2 in the heat exchange chamber 4 and is discharged through the smoke exhaust pipe 18; a heat exchange tube 2 is provided in the heat exchange chamber 4, and a warm air outlet is provided on the front side of the heat exchange chamber 4, and the air is heated in the heat exchange tube 2 and then blown into the room from the warm air outlet; it also includes a hopper 5, the hopper 5 is used to store fuel 22, the hopper 5 is connected to the feeding device 6, the feeding device 6 is equipped with an auger, and the auger feeds the fuel 22 placed in the hopper 5 in advance into the grate 7 in the combustion chamber 3 according to a certain feeding speed for combustion.

[0028] A grate 7 is installed in the combustion chamber 3. The grate 7 is provided with a primary air channel 701, an air cooling channel 703 and a grate upper plate 705. The primary air channel 701 and the air cooling channel 703 are arranged side by side, and the grate upper plate 705 is arranged above the air cooling channel 703. There are a plurality of grates 7, which are arranged in parallel in the combustion chamber 3 at intervals, thereby dividing the combustion chamber 3 into two upper and lower spaces. The upper part of the grate 7 is used to burn the fuel 22, and the lower part of the grate 7 is provided with an ash chamber for temporarily storing the ash produced by the combustion. Ash and slag are provided in the ash chamber with an ash discharge door, which is used to remove the ash and slag in the ash chamber; an ash discharge port 19 is formed between two adjacent grates 7, and the ash and slag produced by the combustion of the fuel 22 falls into the ash chamber through the ash discharge port 19 between the adjacent grates 7. The ash discharge door is opened regularly to manually remove the ash and slag in the ash chamber; the grate upper plate 705 is tilted toward the ash discharge port 19, and the tilted grate upper plate 705 is more conducive to the ash and slag moving toward the ash discharge port 19 under the action of gravity, and finally discharged through the ash discharge port 19.

[0029] The primary air channel 701 is provided with a primary air outlet hole 702 opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate 705. There are a number of primary air outlet holes 702, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the primary air channel 701; the inlet of the primary air channel 701 is connected to the blower 10, and the natural wind generated by the blower 10 passes through the primary air channel 701 and is blown out from the primary air outlet hole 702 to assist the combustion of the fuel 22 in the combustion chamber 3, and the smoke generated by the combustion passes through the heat exchange chamber 4 and is discharged through the smoke exhaust pipe 18.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the surface of the grate 7 is provided with grooves 21, and the grooves 21 are arranged along the air outlet direction of the primary air outlet hole 702; an air guide plate 706 is provided above the primary air outlet hole 702, and the air guide plate 706 is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate 705, so that the wind blown out from the primary air outlet hole 702 is parallel to the surface direction of the grate 7 and blown out along the grooves 21 on the surface of the grate 7, so that more air is prompted to flow through the area close to the surface of the grate 7 below the fuel 22, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area 23, which is convenient for the grate 7 to be quickly cooled and the temperature is prevented from forming high-temperature slagging.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the solid arrows in the figure indicate the direction of primary air flow, and the hollow arrows indicate the direction of secondary air flow; the inlet of the air cooling channel 703 is connected to the blower 10, and the air generated by the blower 10 is divided into two streams. The first stream of air first enters the primary air channel 701 of each grate 7 through the primary air channel inlet gate 11, and then is sprayed into the combustion chamber 3 through the primary air outlet 702 in a direction parallel to the surface of the grate 7 to assist the combustion of the fuel 22. The smoke generated by the combustion of the fuel 22 in the combustion chamber 3 flows upward along the combustion chamber 3. Then it leaves the stove through the heat exchange chamber and the smoke exhaust pipe 18 in turn; the second air passes through the air cooling channel inlet pipe 12 and first enters the air cooling channel 703 to absorb heat and cool the grate 7, and then enters the secondary air duct 8 installed on the upper side of the combustion chamber 3 from the outlet of the air cooling channel 703. The secondary air duct 8 is provided with a row of secondary air outlet holes 9 connected to the combustion chamber 3. The air entering the secondary air duct 8 is evenly sprayed into the upper space of the combustion chamber 3 through the secondary air outlet holes 9 to assist combustion, so as to fit the characteristics of the biomass fuel 22 with high volatility.

[0032] Furthermore, a number of heat dissipation fins 704 are arranged in parallel at intervals in the air-cooling channel 703. The heat dissipation fins 704 are installed on the lower surface of the grate upper plate 705. The heat dissipation fins 704 divide the space in the air-cooling channel 703 into a number of heat dissipation grooves 21. The heat dissipation fins 704 increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the grate 7, so that the heat dissipation effect of the grate 7 is better.

[0033] The four side walls of the furnace body 1 are provided with hot air rising channels 14, thereby forming an annular space surrounding the furnace body 1. The inlet of the hot air rising channel 14 is connected to the air circulation fan 13, and the outlet of the hot air rising channel 14 is connected to the heat exchange pipe 2. After the air exchanges heat with the flue gas in the heat exchange chamber 4 in the heat exchange pipe 2, it is blown out through the warm air outlet.

[0034] Furthermore, a deflector 15 is provided in the hot air rising channel 14. The deflector 15 is arranged in a spiral shape and tilted upward in the hot air rising channel 14, thereby dividing the hot air rising channel 14 surrounding the furnace body 1 into a continuously rising spiral airflow channel, so that the air travels longer in the hot air rising channel 14 and the heat absorption effect is better.

[0035] Furthermore, heat-conducting fins 16 are installed on the side wall of the furnace body 1, between the combustion chamber 3 and the hot air rising channel 14. The heat-conducting fins 16 are arranged close to the side wall of the combustion chamber 3, so that the heat dissipation area of ​​the combustion chamber 3 on the side of the hot air rising channel 14 is larger, and the heating effect of the air in the hot air rising channel 14 is better.

[0036] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate, comprising a stove body (1), a combustion chamber (3) provided in the stove body (1), a heat exchange chamber (4) provided above the combustion chamber (3), the heat exchange chamber (4) being connected to a smoke exhaust pipe (18), a heat exchange pipe (2) provided in the heat exchange chamber (4), a warm air outlet provided on the front side of the heat exchange chamber (4); an ash chamber provided below the combustion chamber (3), the ash chamber being provided with an ash discharge door; and a hopper (5) connected to a feeding device (6), characterized in that: A grate (7) is installed in the combustion chamber (3), and the grate (7) is provided with a primary air channel (701), an air cooling channel (703) and a grate upper plate (705); the inlet of the primary air channel (701) is connected to the blower (10), and the primary air channel (701) is provided with a primary air outlet hole (702) opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate (705); the inlet of the air cooling channel (703) is connected to the blower (10), and the air cooling channel (703) is provided with a primary air outlet hole (702) opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate (705); The outlet is connected to the inlet of the secondary air duct (8), and the secondary air duct (8) is provided with a secondary air outlet hole (9) connected to the combustion chamber (3); the side wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a hot air rising channel (14), the inlet of the hot air rising channel (14) is connected to the air circulation fan (13), and the outlet of the hot air rising channel (14) is connected to the heat exchange pipe (2), and the air exchanges heat with the flue gas in the heat exchange chamber (4) in the heat exchange pipe (2) and is blown out through the warm air outlet.

2. The air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air guide plate (706) is provided above the primary air outlet hole (702), and the air guide plate (706) is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate (705).

3. The air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heat dissipation fins (704) are arranged in parallel at intervals in the air cooling channel (703), and a heat dissipation groove (21) is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins (704).

4. The air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four side walls of the furnace body (1) are all provided with hot air ascending channels (14), thereby forming an annular airflow space surrounding the furnace body (1) on all sides.

5. The air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 4, characterized in that: A deflector (15) is provided in the hot air rising channel (14), and the deflector (15) is arranged in a spiral shape in the hot air rising channel (14) and tilted upward, thereby dividing the hot air rising channel (14) into continuously rising spiral airflow channels.

6. The air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heat-conducting fins (16) are installed on the outer wall of the combustion chamber (3) and located in the hot air ascending channel (14).

7. The air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of grates (7) are provided and arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber (3), and an ash drop opening (19) is formed between two adjacent grates (7).

8. The air-heated civilian stove equipped with an air-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grate upper plate (705) is tilted toward the ash drop opening (19).

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