Solar cell and solar cell module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar cell, which comprises a semiconductor substrate and an electrode structure arranged on the semiconductor substrate. The electrode structure comprises a plurality of fine grid lines, a plurality of main grid lines and a plurality of connection point groups. The thin grid lines are arranged at intervals in the first direction, the thin grid lines extend in the second direction and comprise a plurality of sub thin grid lines, and fractures are formed between the adjacent sub thin grid lines. The plurality of main grid lines are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the main grid lines extend along the first direction and are electrically connected with the sub fine grid lines. The plurality of connection point groups are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and each connection point group comprises a plurality of connection points which are distributed at intervals along the first direction. The connection points are located at the fractures and electrically connected with the adjacent sub-fine grid lines, the line breaking problem is avoided, and the power is improved. In addition, the utility model also discloses a solar cell module.

Description

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits of patent application number 202422319358.2, entitled “Solar Cell and Solar Cell Module”, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on September 23, 2024, and the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a solar cell and a solar cell assembly. Background Art

[0004] Fossil energy sources pollute the atmosphere and have limited reserves, while solar energy offers advantages such as cleanliness, pollution-free operation, and abundant resources. Therefore, solar energy is gradually becoming a core clean energy alternative to fossil energy. Due to the high photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell modules, they have become a key focus of clean energy development.

[0005] Conventional solar cells are printed with multiple fine grid lines and multiple main grid lines. The fine grid lines are used to collect the current generated by light, while the main grid lines are used to collect the current flowing through the fine grid lines. Multiple solar cells are connected via welding ribbons to form a solar cell module. However, during the production process of solar cells and solar cell modules, the sintering of the fine grid lines, the sintering of the main grid lines, and the welding of the welding ribbons can easily lead to broken wires at the intersection of the main grid lines and fine grid lines, resulting in reduced power consumption of the solar cell and, in turn, overall power loss of the solar cell module. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a solar cell and a solar cell assembly to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] A technical solution of the present application is: a solar cell comprising a semiconductor substrate and an electrode structure provided on the semiconductor substrate, wherein the electrode structure comprises:

[0008] A plurality of fine grid lines are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the fine grid lines extend along a second direction and include a plurality of sub-fine grid lines, with breaks formed between adjacent sub-fine grid lines;

[0009] A plurality of main grid lines are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the main grid lines extend along the first direction and are electrically connected to the sub-grid lines;

[0010] A plurality of connection point groups are arranged at intervals along the second direction. The connection point groups include a plurality of connection points distributed at intervals along the first direction. The connection points are located at the fractures and electrically connect adjacent sub-fine gate lines.

[0011] In one embodiment, at least one connection point group is disposed between two adjacent busbars.

[0012] In one embodiment, the length of the connection point is greater than the width of the break, and the width of the connection point is greater than the width of the sub-fine gate line.

[0013] In one embodiment, the connection point is rectangular and extends along the second direction, with two ends thereof electrically connected to the sub-fine gate lines respectively.

[0014] In one embodiment, the width of the fracture is 150 μm-250 μm, and the length of the connection point is 250 μm-350 μm.

[0015] In one embodiment, the sub-fine grid line includes a gradient segment, the main grid line includes a main rod extending along a first direction and a plurality of gradient spikes arranged perpendicular to the main rod, and the gradient segment and the gradient spikes are overlapped and electrically connected.

[0016] In one embodiment, the width of the widest part of the gradient section ranges from 15 μm to 50 μm, and the width of the widest part of the gradient thorn ranges from 20 μm to 60 μm.

[0017] In one embodiment, the sub-fine grid line includes a gradient end; the main grid line includes a plurality of welding points, each of which includes a welding pad and welding feet extending from the welding pad to both sides, and the welding feet are electrically connected to the gradient end.

[0018] In one embodiment, the main grid line also includes a harpoon structure located at the end, the harpoon structure includes a welding base, two fork portions extending from the welding base, and a fishbone portion located between the two fork portions, and the free end of the fork portion has a spaced whisker portion extending therefrom.

[0019] The utility model also discloses a solar cell assembly, which comprises a welding ribbon and a plurality of solar cell sheets as described above electrically connected by the welding ribbon.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this application are: the fine grid lines are electrically connected through the connection points, and the main grid lines and the fine grid lines are cross-electrically connected, avoiding the problem of wire breakage caused by sintering or welding, thereby ensuring the yield and quality stability of the solar cell cells, improving the power of the solar cell cells, and thus ensuring the power of the solar cell modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a solar cell of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic planar structural diagram of the electrode structure of the solar cell of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram, wherein each connection point in the figure is further magnified for clarity;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle circle A;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle circle B;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle circle C;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the fine grid lines of the electrode structure of the solar cell of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle circle D;

[0029] Figure 9 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of circle E in circle 7;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic planar structural diagram of the main grid lines and connection point groups of the electrode structure of the solar cell of the present application;

[0031] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle circle F;

[0032] Figure 12 for Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle circle G;

[0033] Figure 13 for Figure 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To facilitate understanding of the present application, a more comprehensive description of the present application will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present application.

[0035] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an element centered thereon. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an element centered thereon. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementations.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are intended only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] The utility model discloses a solar cell, which includes a semiconductor substrate and an electrode structure arranged on the semiconductor substrate. The electrode structure includes a plurality of fine grid lines, a plurality of main grid lines and a plurality of connection point groups. The plurality of fine grid lines are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the fine grid lines extend along a second direction and include a plurality of sub-fine grid lines, and fractures are formed between adjacent sub-fine grid lines. The plurality of main grid lines are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the main grid lines extend along the first direction and are electrically connected to the sub-fine grid lines. The plurality of connection point groups are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the connection point groups include a plurality of connection points distributed at intervals along the first direction. The connection points are located at the fractures and electrically connect the adjacent sub-fine grid lines accordingly. The fine grid lines are electrically connected through the connection points, and the main grid lines and the fine grid lines are cross-electrically connected, thereby avoiding the problem of broken wires caused by sintering or welding, thereby ensuring the yield and quality stability of the solar cell, improving the power of the solar cell, and further ensuring the power of the solar cell module.

[0038] Specifically, the busbars and thin grid lines are both solid at their intersections, and the busbars and thin grid lines are electrically connected at the intersections. When the soldering ribbon is welded to the busbars at the intersections, there is no risk of wire breakage due to a single layer of busbars. The thin grid lines are disconnected between the two busbars and electrically connected through a separate connection point, avoiding the problem of easy wire breakage caused by the soldering ribbon, improving yield and increasing power.

[0039] Furthermore, at least one connection point group is provided between two adjacent busbars. In one embodiment, the busbars and the connection point groups are alternately provided.

[0040] Furthermore, the length of the connection point is greater than the width of the fracture, and the width of the connection point is greater than the width of the sub-fine gate line. In one embodiment, the connection point is rectangular and extends along the second direction, and its two ends are electrically connected to the sub-fine gate line. The width of the fracture is 150μm-250μm, and the length of the connection point is 250μm-350μm. The electrical connection between the connection point and the fine gate line is ensured. In other embodiments, the width of one or both ends of the connection point is gradually set to ensure the electrical connection between the connection point and the fine gate line.

[0041] Furthermore, the sub-fine grid lines include gradient segments, and the main grid lines include a main rod extending along a first direction and a plurality of gradient spikes arranged perpendicular to the main rod. The gradient segments and the gradient spikes are superimposed and electrically connected. In one embodiment, the width of the gradient segments at their widest point ranges from 15μm to 50μm, and the width of the gradient spikes at their widest point ranges from 20μm to 60μm. This ensures electrical connection between the fine grid lines and the main grid lines, resists the effects of solder strips, and improves yield and efficiency.

[0042] Furthermore, the sub-fine grid line includes a gradient end; the main grid line includes a plurality of welding points, each of which includes a welding pad and welding feet extending from the welding pad to both sides, and the welding feet are electrically connected to the gradient end.

[0043] Furthermore, the busbar also includes a harpoon structure at its end. The harpoon structure comprises a solder base, two prongs extending from the solder base, and a fishbone portion located between the prongs. The free ends of the prongs are extended with spaced-apart whiskers. The ends of the whiskers are electrically connected to the fine grid lines, and the solder base, prongs, and fishbone portion are all electrically connected to the fine grid lines.

[0044] The utility model also discloses a solar cell assembly, which comprises a welding ribbon and a plurality of the above-mentioned solar cells electrically connected by the welding ribbon, and has a high yield and power.

[0045] Please refer to the following Figures 1 to 11 , an example is given to describe the solar cell 100 of the present invention. Due to space limitations, only a partial structure is shown in the figure.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 The present invention discloses a solar cell 100, which includes a semiconductor substrate 101 and an electrode structure 102 disposed on the semiconductor substrate 101. The electrode structure 102 includes a plurality of fine grid lines 1, a plurality of main grid lines 2, and a plurality of connection point groups 3.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12In this embodiment, the direction in which the fine grid lines 1 extend is defined as the second direction X. A plurality of fine grid lines 1 are arranged at intervals along a first direction Y perpendicular to the second direction X. The fine grid lines 1 extend along the second direction X and include a plurality of sub-fine grid lines 11. A break 12 is formed between adjacent sub-fine grid lines 11. A plurality of main grid lines 2 are arranged at intervals along the second direction X. The main grid lines 2 extend along the first direction Y and are electrically connected to the sub-fine grid lines 11. A plurality of connection point groups 3 are arranged at intervals along the second direction X. The connection point groups 3 include a plurality of connection points 31 distributed at intervals along the first direction Y. The connection points 31 are located at the break 12 and electrically connect adjacent sub-fine grid lines 11. The main grid lines 2 and the connection point groups 3 are alternately distributed, and a connection point group 3 is provided between two adjacent main grid lines 2. The fine grid lines 11 are electrically connected through the connection points 31. The main grid lines 2 are electrically connected to the fine grid lines 1 in a cross-connected manner, thereby avoiding the problem of broken wires, thereby ensuring the yield and quality stability of the solar cell and improving the power of the solar cell.

[0048] Please see further Figures 1 to 12 , the connection point 31 is rectangular and extends along the second direction X, and its two ends are electrically connected to the sub-fine gate line 11. In this embodiment, the width L1 of the fracture is 200μm, and the length L2 of the connection point is 300μm. The width D1 of the sub-fine gate line 11 is 10μm, and the width D2 of the connection point 31 is 20μm. The center line of the connection point 31 overlaps with the center line of the sub-fine gate line 11. The sub-fine gate line 11 includes a gradient section 111, and the main gate line 2 includes a main rod 21 extending along the first direction Y and a plurality of gradient thorns 22 arranged perpendicular to the main rod 21. The gradient section 111 and the gradient thorns 22 are superimposed and electrically connected. The width D3 of the widest part of the gradient section 111 is 20μm, and the width D4 of the widest part of the gradient thorn 22 is in the range of 30μm. The sub-fine gate line 11 includes a gradient end 112. The main grid line 2 includes a plurality of welding points 23, and the welding points 23 include a welding pad 231 and welding feet 232 extending from the welding pad 231 to both sides, and the welding feet 232 are electrically connected to the gradient end 112. The width D5 of the widest part of the gradient end 112 is 30μm. The welding feet 232 are gradually set, and the width D6 of the widest part of the welding feet 232 is 80μm. The gradient end 112 and the welding feet 232 overlap and are electrically connected. In other embodiments, the gradient section 111 may not be gradually set, and the sub-fine grid line 11 has a uniform width; the gradient section 111 may also be a rectangular widened section 111', please refer to Figure 13 In other examples, the gradient end 112 may not be gradient, and the sub-fine grid line 11 may have a uniform width; the gradient section 112 may also be a rectangular widened end 112', see Figure 13 shown.

[0049] The busbar 2 also includes a harpoon structure 24 located at both ends along the first direction Y. The harpoon structure 24 includes a welding base 241, two forks 242 extending from the welding base 241, and a fishbone portion 243 located between the two forks 242. The free ends of the forks 242 are extended with spaced-apart whiskers 244. The two ends of the whiskers 244 are respectively electrically connected to the fine grid lines 11. The welding base 241, forks 242, and fishbone portion 243 are all electrically connected to the fine grid lines 11.

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the above description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described above, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above. In addition, the various technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the various technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: The device comprises a semiconductor substrate and an electrode structure provided on the semiconductor substrate, wherein the electrode structure comprises: A plurality of fine grid lines are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the fine grid lines extend along a second direction and include a plurality of sub-fine grid lines, with breaks formed between adjacent sub-fine grid lines; A plurality of main grid lines are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the main grid lines extend along the first direction and are electrically connected to the sub-grid lines; A plurality of connection point groups are arranged at intervals along the second direction. The connection point groups include a plurality of connection points distributed at intervals along the first direction. The connection points are located at the fractures and electrically connect adjacent sub-fine gate lines.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: At least one connection point group is provided between two adjacent main grid lines.

3. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The length of the connection point is greater than the width of the break, and the width of the connection point is greater than the width of the sub-fine gate line.

4. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The connection point is rectangular and extends along the second direction, with two ends thereof electrically connected to the sub-fine gate lines respectively.

5. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the fracture is 150 μm-250 μm, and the length of the connection point is 250 μm-350 μm.

6. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The sub-fine grid lines include gradient segments, the main grid lines include a main bar extending along a first direction and a plurality of gradient spikes arranged perpendicular to the main bar, and the gradient segments and the gradient spikes are overlapped and electrically connected.

7. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The widest part of the gradient section has a width ranging from 15 μm to 50 μm, and the widest part of the gradient thorn has a width ranging from 20 μm to 60 μm.

8. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The sub-fine grid line includes a gradient end; the main grid line includes a plurality of welding points, each of which includes a welding pad and welding feet extending from the welding pad to both sides, and the welding feet are electrically connected to the gradient end.

9. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The main grid line also includes a harpoon structure located at the end, the harpoon structure includes a welding base, two forks extending from the welding base, and a fishbone portion located between the two forks, and the free ends of the forks are extended with spaced whiskers.

10. A solar cell module, characterized in that: The solar cell comprises a soldering ribbon and a plurality of solar cells according to any one of claims 1 to 9 electrically connected by the soldering ribbon.

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