Air exhaust and heat preservation tool for plateau high and cold tunnel portal
By designing exhaust and insulation tooling for tunnel entrances in high-altitude and cold areas, and using rolling doors, folding doors, and dust sensors to control air exchange, the problems of thermal insulation and dust discharge during tunnel construction are solved, achieving a safe and healthy construction environment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422605914.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-28
AI Technical Summary
During tunnel construction in high-altitude and cold regions, existing insulation measures are unable to effectively achieve both thermal insulation and moisture retention as well as rapid discharge of dust-polluted air, posing a threat to the health of construction workers and making temperature and humidity difficult to control.
An exhaust and heat-insulating tooling is designed, which includes a rolling door, a folding door, a dust sensor, and a winch. The dust concentration is detected by the dust sensor to control the opening and air supply of the folding door. The pulley block and winch are used to quickly adjust the opening and closing of the folding door to achieve rapid exhaust of polluted air.
When the dust concentration is high, the polluted air is quickly discharged to protect the health of construction workers, keep the temperature in the tunnel within the expected range, save energy, and achieve thermal insulation and moisturizing effects.
Smart Images
Figure CN223305767U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an exhaust and heat-insulating tooling for tunnel openings in high-altitude and cold plateaus. Background Art
[0002] Tunnel construction in the high-altitude, cold regions of the plateau can last over 200 days in winter. Dry, windy weather during winter significantly impacts the quality of the tunnel's main construction. Consequently, high temperature and humidity requirements are imposed. Improper measures can cause cracks in the concrete lining, compromising safety during operation. A common insulation measure during construction involves installing thickened insulation curtains, which are manually pulled open to allow for the passage of equipment and personnel, and then closed again afterward. However, during the four phases of spraying, blasting, slag removal, and mechanical hazard removal, large amounts of dust are generated. Failure to exhaust dust-laden air with these curtains in a timely manner poses a significant risk to construction workers. Leaving them open significantly impacts the temperature and humidity within the tunnel. Therefore, a solution was urgently needed that could maintain insulation and moisture within the tunnel while also rapidly discharging contaminated air even when dust concentrations are high. Utility Model Content
[0003] Problem to be solved: Provide a solution that can achieve thermal insulation and moisture retention in the cave while also being able to quickly discharge polluted air when the dust concentration is high.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an exhaust and heat-insulating tooling for the entrance of a high-altitude and cold tunnel, the heat-insulating tooling body is arranged at the tunnel entrance, the outer edge of the heat-insulating tooling body is tightly fitted with the entrance, a rolling shutter door is arranged in the middle of the heat-insulating tooling body, the bottom end of the rolling shutter door is tightly fitted with the upper end face of the inverted arch, a pedestrian door is arranged at the lower position of one side of the rolling shutter door, and an air supply port is arranged at the upper position of the other side of the rolling shutter door; a shutter is arranged between the top of the rolling shutter door and the top of the lining, and folding doors are arranged on both sides of the shutter, the folding door is rotatably connected to the heat-insulating tooling body, the folding door includes an inward-opening door and an outward-opening door, the inward-opening door and the outward-opening door are both adjusted at an angle to the heat-insulating tooling body by a folding structure, and the inward-opening door and the outward-opening door rotate in opposite directions; a dust sensor is arranged in the tunnel, and the dust sensor is electrically connected to the folding structure.
[0005] Preferably, the folding structure includes a winch, the dust sensor is electrically connected to the winch, the winch is arranged on the insulation tooling body, and the winch is connected to the folding door through a pulley set.
[0006] Preferably, the pulley assembly includes pulley 1 and pulley 2, pulley 1 is fixed on the outward-opening door and opposite to the inward-opening door, and pulley 2 is fixed on the inward-opening door and opposite to the outward-opening door.
[0007] Preferably, the pulley assembly further includes pulley three, which is arranged at the top of the lining and located between the inward-opening door and the outward-opening door, and pulley three is connected to pulley one and pulley two through a limiting steel wire rope.
[0008] Preferably, the air supply port is connected to an air supply pipe.
[0009] Preferably, an exhaust fan is provided in the hole of the shutter.
[0010] Compared with the existing technology, the utility model provides an exhaust and heat-insulating tool for tunnel openings in high-altitude and cold areas of the plateau, which has the following beneficial effects:
[0011] 1. The shutters are combined with exhaust fans to ensure that the fresh air exchange in the tunnel is not affected under low dust conditions;
[0012] 2. The utility model is equipped with a folding door, which is controlled by a winch and opens only when needed. This can speed up the discharge of polluted air under high-concentration dust conditions. The opening of the folding door is adjusted according to the dust concentration, ensuring a healthy working environment for construction workers and keeping the construction temperature in the tunnel within the expected range during winter.
[0013] 3. Determine the air supply volume and exhaust speed according to the ambient temperature and dust concentration to better save energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 This is a front view of the tooling of the present utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the right side of the tooling of the utility model;
[0016] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. inverted arch; 11. lining; 12. dust sensor; 2. thermal insulation tool body; 21. air supply duct; 3. rolling door; 4. pedestrian door; 5. air supply outlet; 6. folding door; 61. inward-opening door; 62. outward-opening door; 7. limiting wire rope; 8. shutter; 81. exhaust fan; 9. folding structure; 91. pulley one; 92. pulley two; 93. pulley three; 94. winch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
[0018] As shown in the figure, in order to solve the problems described in the background technology, the utility model provides an exhaust and heat-insulating tooling for the entrance of a high-altitude and cold tunnel. The tooling is arranged at the tunnel entrance. The tunnel entrance includes an inverted arch 1 and a lining 11. The heat-insulating tooling body 2 is arranged at the tunnel entrance. The interior of the heat-insulating tooling body 2 is a stainless steel structural frame. The stainless steel structural frame has a certain thickness which is adjusted according to the natural conditions of the tunnel. The stainless steel structural frame can also be filled with heat-insulating materials. The outer surfaces of both sides of the stainless steel frame are sealed with stainless steel plates. The outer structure of the heat-insulating tooling body 2 is the same as that of the entrance and is in an arc shape. The outer edge of the heat-insulating tooling body 2 fits tightly with the entrance. A rolling shutter door 3 is provided in the middle of the heat-insulating tooling body 2. The bottom end of the rolling shutter door 3 is close to the upper end face of the inverted arch 1. The rolling shutter door 3 is opened when large equipment enters the site. A pedestrian door 4 is provided at the lower position on one side of the rolling shutter door 3. The pedestrian door 4 serves as a pedestrian passage. An air supply port 5 is provided at the upper position on the other side of the rolling shutter door 3, and the air supply port 5 is used to supply fresh air into the tunnel; a shutter 8 is provided between the top of the rolling shutter door 3 and the top of the lining 11, and a folding door 6 is provided on both sides of the shutter 8, and the folding door 6 is rotatably connected to the insulation tooling body 2. Specifically, the folding door 6 and the insulation tooling body 2 can be hinged, and the folding door 6 includes an inward opening door 61 and an outward opening door 62. The inward opening door 61 and the outward opening door 62 are supported by a stainless steel structural frame. The angle between the inward opening door 61 and the outward opening door 62 and the insulation tooling body 2 is adjusted by a folding structure 9, and the inward opening door 61 and the outward opening door 62 rotate in opposite directions; a dust sensor 12 is provided in the tunnel, and the dust sensor 12 is electrically connected to the folding structure 9.
[0019] The folding structure 9 includes a winch 94 and a pulley set. The dust sensor 12 is electrically connected to the winch 94. The winch 94 is arranged on the stainless steel structural frame of the insulation tooling body 2. The pulley set is connected to the output end of the winch 94 on one end and to the folding door 6 on the other end. The specific pulley assembly includes pulley 1 91, pulley 2 92, and pulley 3 93. Pulley 1 91 is fixed to the outward-opening door 62 and is opposite to the inward-opening door 61. Pulley 2 92 is fixed to the inward-opening door 61 and is opposite to the outward-opening door 62. A winch 94 connects pulley 1 91 and pulley 2 92 in series via a wire rope. When the winch 94 is started, the wire rope gradually extends, and the inward-opening door 61 and the outward-opening door 62 rotate under their own gravity. The inward-opening door 61 rotates clockwise toward the inside of the hole, and the outward-opening door 62 rotates counterclockwise toward the outside of the hole. The winch 94 is generally set to stop when both the inward-opening door 61 and the outward-opening door 62 rotate about 75 degrees. When the inward-opening door 61 and the outward-opening door 62 need to be closed, the winch 94 moves in the opposite direction to retract the wire rope, which pulls pulley 1 91 and pulley 2 92, thereby pulling up the outward-opening door 62 and the inward-opening door 61 until they are closed. To control the maximum rotation angle of the inner and outer doors 61, 62, pulley three 93 is positioned at the top of the lining 11 and located between the inner and outer doors 61, 62. Pulley three 93 is connected to pulley one 91 and pulley two 92 via a limiting wire rope 7. Because the limiting wire rope 7 is fixed in length, the inner and outer doors 61, 62 stop rotating when the limiting wire rope 7 can no longer extend, and the winch 94 stops operating. Of course, the limiting wire rope 7 is in a relaxed state when the inner and outer doors 61, 62 are closed. The air supply 5 is connected to the air supply duct 21. The air inlet of the air supply duct 21 extends to the fresh air area, where fresh air is input through the air supply equipment. The air outlet of the air supply duct 21 extends to the working area within the tunnel, providing fresh air for the construction workers.
[0020] The shutter 8 is located at the top of the tunnel entrance and above the rolling door 3. The shutter 8 serves as a ventilation device under conventional conditions with low dust concentration. Under conditions with low dust concentration, the dust sensor 12 will not alarm, and there is no need to open the inner door 61 and the outer door 62. However, in order to quickly exchange the air inside and outside, an exhaust fan 81 is set in the hole of the shutter 8. The exhaust fan 81 accelerates the discharge of the air in the tunnel, and the air supply pipe 21 brings in fresh air, thereby ensuring the temperature in the tunnel when the dust is low and ensuring the air exchange in the tunnel. When performing spraying operations, blasting operations, slag removal operations, and mechanical troubleshooting operations, the dust sensor 12 will detect the dust concentration and give an alarm. The dust sensor 12 alarm can be divided into yellow and red. When the dust sensor 12 alarm is yellow, it means that the dust concentration is high. At this time, one of the winches 94 can be controlled to start working, and the inner door 61 and the outer door 62 on that side rotate to the set angle, the winch 94 stops working, and the air supply pipe 21 increases the air supply volume to discharge the polluted air; when the dust sensor 12 alarm is red, the winches 94 on both sides start working, and the inner door 61 and the outer door 62 on both sides rotate to the set angle, and the winch 94 stops working, and the air supply pipe 21 continues to increase the air supply volume to quickly discharge the polluted air.
[0021] The present invention utilizes a combination of a folding door 6, a pulley assembly, a hoist 94, and a dust sensor 12 to rapidly detect changes in dust concentration within the tunnel. When the dust sensor 12 sounds an alarm, the upper folding door 6 opens, rapidly reducing the dust concentration within the tunnel, improving the working environment and protecting the health of construction workers. Once the dust concentration has dropped after detection by the detector, the alarm is no longer raised, and the hoist pulls up and closes the folding door 6, providing insulation.
[0022] The above embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An exhaust and heat-insulating tool for a tunnel entrance in a high-altitude cold plateau, the tunnel entrance comprising an invert (1) and a lining (11), characterized in that: The heat preservation tooling body (2) is arranged at the tunnel entrance, the outer edge of the heat preservation tooling body (2) is closely fitted with the tunnel entrance, a rolling door (3) is arranged in the middle of the heat preservation tooling body (2), the bottom end of the rolling door (3) is closely fitted with the upper end face of the inverted arch (1), a pedestrian door (4) is arranged at the lower position of one side of the rolling door (3), and an air supply port (5) is arranged at the upper position of the other side of the rolling door (3); a shutter (8) is arranged between the top end of the rolling door (3) and the top end of the lining (11), and both sides of the shutter (8) are provided with air supply ports (5). Each of the heat preservation tooling body (2) is provided with a folding door (6), which is rotatably connected to the heat preservation tooling body (2). The folding door (6) includes an inward-opening door (61) and an outward-opening door (62). The angle between the inward-opening door (61) and the outward-opening door (62) and the heat preservation tooling body (2) is adjusted by a folding structure (9), and the rotation directions of the inward-opening door (61) and the outward-opening door (62) are opposite. A dust sensor (12) is provided in the hole, and the dust sensor (12) is electrically connected to the folding structure (9).
2. The ventilation and heat-insulating tooling for tunnel openings in high altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The folding structure (9) includes a hoist (94), a dust sensor (12) is electrically connected to the hoist (94), the hoist (94) is arranged on the heat-insulating tooling body (2), and the hoist (94) is connected to the folding door (6) via a pulley set.
3. The ventilation and heat-insulating tooling for tunnel openings in high altitude and cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulley assembly comprises a pulley 1 (91) and a pulley 2 (92). The pulley 1 (91) is fixed on the outward-opening door (62) and is opposite to the inward-opening door (61). The pulley 2 (92) is fixed on the inward-opening door (61) and is opposite to the outward-opening door (62).
4. The ventilation and heat-insulating tooling for tunnel openings in high altitude and cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulley block further comprises a pulley three (93), which is arranged at the top of the lining (11) and located between the inner opening door (61) and the outer opening door (62), and the pulley three (93) is connected to the pulley one (91) and the pulley two (92) through a limiting steel wire rope (7).
5. The exhaust and heat-insulating tool for the tunnel entrance in plateau and cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air supply port (5) is connected to an air supply pipe (21).
6. The exhaust and heat-insulating tool for tunnel openings in high altitude and cold regions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shutter (8) is provided with an exhaust fan (81) at the position inside the hole.