Die for efficiently removing dead head of alloy cast ingot and extruded ingot preparation device

Abstract

The utility model provides a die for efficiently removing a riser of an alloy ingot and an extruded ingot preparation device. The die comprises a lower casting die and a riser die, a vertical deep hole mold cavity is formed in the center of the lower casting mold; the riser mold covers the top end of the lower casting mold, a casting hole is formed in the center of the riser mold, the joint of the riser mold and the lower casting mold is a horizontal splicing surface, so that the riser mold can horizontally rotate relative to the lower casting mold based on the splicing surface, and a handle is arranged on the outer side of the riser mold. According to the die for efficiently removing the riser of the alloy ingot and the extruded ingot preparation device, the riser of the extruded ingot can be efficiently removed, and non-metallic inclusions and air holes formed in the preparation process of the extruded ingot can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of extrusion ingot preparation, in particular to a die for efficiently removing alloy ingot risers and an extrusion ingot preparation device. Background Art

[0002] An extruded ingot is an ingot formed by casting and used for extrusion. Generally speaking, after casting and before extrusion, it is necessary to saw to remove the riser formed by shrinkage, complex oxides, and molten alloy on the upper part of the ingot, which is labor-consuming and time-consuming.

[0003] In addition, non-metallic inclusions and pores are easily generated during the casting process. Take copper-phosphorus alloys as an example. Copper-phosphorus alloys are alloys composed of copper, phosphorus, and other elements, and include copper-phosphorus brazing filler metals and phosphorus-copper electrodes. When copper-phosphorus alloy melts are cast in the atmosphere, the contact area between the melt and the atmosphere increases, making the melt susceptible to air absorption. The phosphorus in the melt oxidizes to form phosphorus pentoxide, which then reacts with copper oxide or cuprous oxide formed by oxidation of the copper melt to form a liquid composite oxide.

[0004] In the early stage of casting, the melt at the bottom of the mold cools down quickly. The low-density liquid composite oxides and gases solidify before they have time to float to the surface of the melt, and are retained inside the ingot to form non-metallic inclusions and pores. These non-metallic inclusions and pores have an adverse effect on the mechanical properties and performance of the extruded copper-phosphorus alloy.

[0005] Based on the above situation, the problems that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently are:

[0006] The first is to solve the problem that the sawing process of traditional risers is labor-intensive and time-consuming; the second is to solve the problem of non-metallic inclusions and pores formed inside the ingot to improve the cleanliness of the extruded ingot.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, people have been seeking an ideal technical solution. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to address the deficiencies of the existing technology and thus provide a mold for efficiently removing the riser of an alloy ingot, and an extruded ingot preparation device that prevents the formation of non-metallic inclusions and pores inside the copper-phosphorus alloy extruded ingot during the casting process.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a mold for efficiently removing the riser of an alloy ingot, comprising a lower casting mold and a riser mold;

[0010] A vertical deep hole mold cavity is provided at the center of the lower casting mold;

[0011] The riser mold covers the top end of the lower casting mold, a casting hole is set at the center of the riser mold, and the connection between the riser mold and the lower casting mold is a horizontal splicing surface, so that the riser mold can rotate horizontally relative to the lower casting mold based on the splicing surface, and a handle is set on the outside of the riser mold.

[0012] Based on the above, the riser mold is composed of two halves of open and closed molds, and the two halves of the open and closed molds are connected and fixed by two groups of positioning holes and two through nails arranged on the outside of the splicing surface. The top of the lower casting mold is provided with a locking hole that is opposite to the position of the positioning hole, and the lower end of the through nail is inserted into the locking hole; the handles are respectively arranged on the outside of the two halves of the open and closed molds.

[0013] A flow-blocking lubricating layer is provided at the horizontal joint surface.

[0014] The horizontal splicing surface includes a first horizontal splicing surface located on the inner side and a second horizontal splicing surface located on the outer side, wherein the first horizontal splicing surface is higher than the second horizontal splicing surface to form a stepped structure.

[0015] An extruded ingot preparation device comprises a vibration platform, a heating assembly and a die;

[0016] The mold is the mold for efficiently removing the riser of the alloy ingot;

[0017] The heating assembly is arranged around the lower casting mold and is used to heat the lower casting mold;

[0018] The bottom end of the lower casting mold is mounted on a vibration platform, and the vibration platform is used to drive the entire mold to vibrate.

[0019] Based on the above, the heating component is an induction heating coil, which is distributed in an inverted cone shape around the outside of the lower casting mold, so that the distance between the heating component and the deep hole mold cavity gradually increases from bottom to top.

[0020] Based on the above, the demoulding slope of the lower mold is 1°-2°.

[0021] Based on the above, the aperture of the deep hole mold cavity is 40-200 mm, and the length of the deep hole mold cavity is 100-800 mm.

[0022] Based on the above, the vibration platform is a high-frequency vibration platform, and the vibration frequency of the high-frequency vibration platform is 40-50 Hz and the amplitude is 0.3-0.8 mm.

[0023] The present invention has substantial features and progress over the prior art. Specifically, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. Since alloy ingots, such as copper alloys, silver alloys, aluminum alloys, tin alloys, and zinc alloys, have a solidus and liquidus line, they have the natural characteristic of superplasticity in the initial solidification state before they are completely cooled. Therefore, the structure of the riser mold and the lower mold is specially designed. First, the riser mold and the lower mold are separately locked. Then, the riser is removed by utilizing the superplasticity of the ingot in the solidus state. This improves the riser removal efficiency by more than 200% compared with the traditional sawing method after complete cooling.

[0025] 2. Heating the lower mold using a heating device with a small lower spacing and a gradually increasing upper spacing can ensure that the temperature of the molten liquid inside the mold remains uniform during the casting process. The reason is that the molten liquid injected into the lower mold first enters the mold earlier and has a longer cooling time than the molten liquid added later, so it requires a higher temperature for heating. The molten liquid injected subsequently has residual heat from the initial temperature and requires a lower temperature to maintain the temperature, ultimately maintaining the overall temperature of the molten liquid in a relatively balanced state. At the same time, the vibration effect is conducive to the escape of pores and liquid inclusions in the molten liquid with a large density difference from the molten liquid.

[0026] At the same time, the coordination of temperature uniformity and vibration can also increase the degree of crystallization supercooling, increase the nucleation rate, and break the dendrites at the interface, thereby refining the grains and improving the cleanliness and composition uniformity of the extruded ingot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mold for efficiently removing risers of alloy ingots in the utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a top view of the riser die in the utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the riser mold in the utility model when the mold is half opened and closed.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion ingot preparation device in the utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the utility model and the comparative example regarding the vibration and non-vibration of the BCu93P copper-phosphorus alloy ingot.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the present invention and the comparative example regarding heating and non-heating of the BCu93P copper-phosphorus alloy ingot.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Lower casting mold; 2. Riser mold; 3. Deep hole mold cavity; 4. Heating assembly; 5. Vibrating platform; 6. Casting hole; 7. Lifting lug; 8. Copper-phosphorus alloy melt; 9. Liquid slag and bubbles; 11. Locking hole; 21. Positioning hole; 22. Through-pin; 23. Handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present utility model is further described in detail below through specific implementation methods.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a mold for efficiently removing the riser of an alloy ingot comprises a lower casting mold 1 and a riser mold 2;

[0037] A vertical deep hole mold cavity 3 is provided at the center of the lower casting mold 1;

[0038] The riser mold 2 covers the top end of the lower casting mold 1, and a casting hole 6 is set at the center of the riser mold 2. The connection between the riser mold 2 and the lower casting mold 1 is a horizontal splicing surface, so that the riser mold 2 can be horizontally rotated relative to the lower casting mold 1 based on the splicing surface. A handle 23 is set on the outside of the riser mold 2.

[0039] Technical principle:

[0040] During the ingot casting process, the ingot is in its initial solidification state and has a natural superplastic property before it is completely cooled. By operating the handle 23, the riser mold 2 is rotated relative to the lower casting mold 1, and the riser can be quickly removed. Compared with the traditional method of sawing after complete cooling, the removal efficiency is improved by more than 200%.

[0041] In order to further improve the convenience of installation and operation, in this embodiment, the riser mold 2 is a two-half open and closed mold, and the two halves are connected and fixed by two groups of positioning holes 21 and two through nails 22 arranged on the outside of the splicing surface. The top of the lower casting mold 1 is provided with a locking hole 11 that is opposite to the position of the positioning hole, and the lower end of the through nail 22 is inserted into the locking hole 11; the handles 23 are respectively arranged on the outside of the two halves of the open and closed mold.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, a flow-blocking lubricating layer, such as a layer of graphite emulsion, is provided at the horizontal joint surface. Firstly, it acts as a flow blocker to prevent leakage, and secondly, it lubricates and saves effort during rotation.

[0043] In other embodiments, the sealing method can be changed to a stepped structure. Specifically, the horizontal splicing surface includes a first horizontal splicing surface located on the inner side and a second horizontal splicing surface located on the outer side. The first horizontal splicing surface is higher than the second horizontal splicing surface to form a stepped structure.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, an extruded ingot preparation device includes a vibration platform 5, a heating component 4 and a mold.

[0046] In this embodiment, the heating component 4 adopts induction coil heating. The distribution of the induction coil is in an inverted cone shape and is evenly distributed around the four sides of the lower casting mold 1. The lower heating spacing is small and the heat received is greater. The upper heating spacing is large and the heat received is relatively small, which complements the temperature distribution of the molten metal being cast, so that the temperature of the molten metal in the deep hole mold cavity 3 can be maintained in a roughly uniform state.

[0047] In this embodiment, the diameter of the deep hole mold cavity 3 is 40-200 mm, and the length of the deep hole mold cavity is 100-800 mm.

[0048] In other embodiments, the heating device 4 may also be heated by electric heating wires, or other forms of heat radiation heating or heat conduction.

[0049] In this embodiment, the vibration platform 5 is a high-frequency vibration platform with a vibration frequency of 40-50 Hz and an amplitude of 0.3-0.8 mm. In other embodiments, the vibration platform 5 may also adopt other forms of vibration, such as a side-mounted vibration device with a vibration motor as the core.

[0050] Taking copper-phosphorus alloy extruded ingot as an example, the entire preparation process is explained:

[0051] Step 1) pure copper, copper-phosphorus master alloy and other metal raw materials are heated and melted in a smelting furnace to form a copper-phosphorus alloy melt, which is then stirred evenly and allowed to stand for standby use, maintaining the melt temperature at 80-150°C above the liquidus;

[0052] Step 2) Start the heating assembly 4 to preheat the lower casting mold 1 to a surface temperature of 400-600° C. and keep it warm for later use;

[0053] Step 3) injecting liquid copper-phosphorus alloy melt 8 into the ingot casting mold, and simultaneously activating the vibrating platform 5 to cause the liquid slag and bubbles 9 in the melt to float to the surface;

[0054] Step 4) When the molten metal is poured to a distance of ≤10 mm from the pouring port of the riser mold, the pouring is stopped, the heating assembly 4 is turned off, the vibration platform 5 is maintained to vibrate for 10 seconds, and then the vibration platform 5 is turned off;

[0055] Step 5) After the riser has initially shrunk and solidified to the solidus temperature of the copper-phosphorus alloy, unlock the riser die 2, rotate the riser die 2, and cut off the riser of the copper-phosphorus extruded ingot;

[0056] Step 6) After the mold temperature drops below 100° C., the mold lifting lugs are lifted by a crane to demould the copper-phosphorus extruded ingot, thereby obtaining the copper-phosphorus ingot with high cleanliness.

[0057] Among them, in addition to the induction coil, the induction heating device also has a control system and a cooling system. The cooling system is used to compensate for the heat generated by the induction coil, to achieve uniform temperature of the molten metal in the lower mold, and to facilitate the floating of molten metal pores and liquid slag in the mold.

[0058] Oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen analyzers were used to analyze the oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen contents of the conventional ingots and the ingots of the present invention. The oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen contents of the ingots produced by the present invention were much lower than those of the conventional ingots. The cleanliness of the copper-phosphorus alloy extruded ingots was improved by the present invention, as shown in Table 1.

[0059]

[0060] Table 1 Comparison of nitrogen and oxygen analysis between conventional ingots and ingots of the present invention

[0061] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, taking the preparation of BCu93P copper-phosphorus alloy as an example, Figure 5 a in the middle is the ingot structure formed without vibration in the comparative example. Figure 5 Figure b in the middle is the ingot structure formed by vibration, and the grain refinement effect is obvious.

[0062] Figure 6 The ingot structure a in the comparative example is formed by induction heating without adding a mold, which has a large number of inclusions or pores. Figure 6 Figure b is the ingot structure formed by induction heating, and the ingot structure has no pore inclusions.

[0063] It can be seen that the quality of the ingots manufactured by the present invention is superior to that of the traditional ingots.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the utility model can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the utility model, they should all be included in the scope of the technical solution for which protection is requested in the utility model.

Claims

1. A mold for efficiently removing risers from alloy ingots, characterized by: Including lower casting mold and riser mold; A vertical deep hole mold cavity is provided at the center of the lower casting mold; The riser mold covers the top end of the lower casting mold, a casting hole is set at the center of the riser mold, and the connection between the riser mold and the lower casting mold is a horizontal splicing surface, so that the riser mold can be horizontally rotated relative to the lower casting mold based on the splicing surface, and a handle is set on the outside of the riser mold.

2. The mold for efficiently removing risers of alloy ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The riser mold is composed of two halves of open and closed molds, which are connected and fixed by two groups of positioning holes and two through nails arranged on the outside of the splicing surface. The top of the lower casting mold is provided with a locking hole that is opposite to the position of the positioning hole, and the lower end of the through nail is inserted into the locking hole; the handles are respectively arranged on the outside of the two halves of the open and closed molds.

3. The mold for efficiently removing risers of alloy ingots according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A flow-blocking lubricating layer is provided at the horizontal joint surface.

4. The mold for efficiently removing risers of alloy ingots according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The horizontal splicing surface includes a first horizontal splicing surface located on the inner side and a second horizontal splicing surface located on the outer side. The first horizontal splicing surface is higher than the second horizontal splicing surface to form a stepped structure.

5. An extruded ingot preparation device, characterized in that: Includes vibration platform, heating assembly and mold; The mold is the mold for efficiently removing the riser of an alloy ingot according to any one of claims 1 to 4; The heating assembly is arranged around the lower casting mold and is used to heat the lower casting mold; The bottom end of the lower casting mold is mounted on a vibration platform, and the vibration platform is used to drive the entire mold to vibrate.

6. The extruded ingot preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating component is an induction heating coil, which is distributed in an inverted cone shape around the outside of the lower casting mold, so that the distance between the heating component and the deep hole mold cavity gradually increases from bottom to top.

7. The extruded ingot preparation device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The demoulding slope of the lower casting mold is 1°-2°.

8. The extruded ingot preparation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The aperture of the deep hole mold cavity is 40-200 mm.

9. The extruded ingot preparation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The length of the deep hole mold cavity is 100-800 mm.

10. The extruded ingot preparation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vibration platform is a high-frequency vibration platform, and the vibration frequency of the high-frequency vibration platform is 40-50 Hz and the amplitude is 0.3-0.8 mm.

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