Clamp for special-shaped part machining

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a special-shaped part machining clamp which comprises a base plate, a plurality of supporting columns are detachably arranged on the base plate, the supporting columns are used for supporting lug plates on special-shaped parts, limiting parts are arranged on the supporting columns and used for preventing the lug plates from moving, and a pressing mechanism is arranged on the base plate. The pressing mechanism is used for pressing the special-shaped piece on the supporting column, the limiting piece comprises a limiting block arranged on the supporting column, a clamping groove is formed in the limiting block, and a lug plate on the special-shaped piece is clamped in the clamping groove in the limiting block. The clamp has the effects that the clamp manufacturing cost is reduced, and the machining universality of different special-shaped parts is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular to a fixture for processing special-shaped parts. Background Art

[0002] A fixture is a device used during the manufacturing process to secure a workpiece in the correct position for construction or testing. Also known as a clamp, a fixture is used to quickly, conveniently, and safely secure a workpiece, ensuring it's positioned accurately during machining or testing.

[0003] Special-shaped parts are mechanical parts that differ from standard or commonly used parts in terms of size, shape, or structure. Depending on the manufacturing method, special-shaped parts can be categorized into castings, forgings, stampings, and other types.

[0004] Related art discloses a special-shaped part, referring to Figure 1 , including a main body 01, a connecting pipe mouth 02 is provided on the main body 01, an ear plate 03 is provided on the main body 01, and a mounting hole 04 is opened on the main body 01.

[0005] In the above technology, since the dimensions and shapes of special-shaped parts are different from those of common parts, special fixtures need to be customized for fixing when processing the special-shaped parts. However, the customized special fixtures have the problem of high production costs, which will additionally increase the production costs and have shortcomings. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to improve the problem of high cost of customizing special fixtures when processing special-shaped parts, the present application provides a fixture for processing special-shaped parts.

[0007] The present application provides a fixture for processing special-shaped parts using the following technical solutions:

[0008] A fixture for processing special-shaped parts includes a base plate, on which a plurality of support columns are detachably provided, the support columns are used to support the ear plates on the special-shaped parts, the support columns are provided with limit members, the limit members are used to prevent the ear plates from moving, and the base plate is provided with a clamping mechanism, which is used to press the special-shaped parts onto the support columns.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, workers install multiple support columns on the base plate according to the external dimensions and shapes of the special-shaped parts, then place the special-shaped parts on the multiple support columns, and limit the ear plates of the special-shaped parts through limiting members, and then press the special-shaped parts on the multiple support columns through a clamping mechanism, so as to achieve the fixation of the special-shaped parts. Since the support columns are installed on the base plate in a detachable manner, when fixing special-shaped parts of different external dimensions and shapes, workers only need to adjust the installation position of the support columns, and the support columns can be reused, thereby reducing the production cost of the fixture and at the same time helping to improve the versatility of the fixture.

[0010] Optionally, the limiting member includes a limiting block provided on the supporting column, the limiting block is provided with a slot, and the ear plate on the special-shaped member is clamped in the slot on the limiting block.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, workers place the ear plate of the special-shaped part in the slot on the limit block, thereby reducing the possibility of the special-shaped part moving during the processing, which is conducive to improving the processing accuracy of the special-shaped part.

[0012] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder arranged on the substrate and electrically connected to the control system, the piston rod of the clamping cylinder slides through the connecting pipe mouth on the special-shaped part, the piston rod of the clamping cylinder is provided with an end plate, the diameter of the end plate is larger than the diameter of the piston rod of the clamping cylinder, a cover plate is slidably sleeved on the piston rod of the clamping cylinder, a slot hole for the end plate to pass through is provided on the cover plate, a clamping groove connected to the slot hole is provided on the cover plate, and the width of the clamping groove is smaller than the diameter of the end plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, after the worker places the special-shaped part on the support column, the control system is used to start the clamping cylinder, and the piston rod of the clamping cylinder extends from the connecting pipe mouth on the special-shaped part. Then the worker puts the cover plate on the piston rod of the clamping cylinder through the slot, and then pushes the cover plate to make the piston rod of the clamping cylinder slide to the clamping groove on the cover plate. Then the control system is used to start the clamping cylinder again, and the piston rod of the clamping cylinder contracts and drives the end plate to be pressed on the cover plate, thereby fixing the special-shaped part on the base plate.

[0014] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes an anti-loosening cylinder arranged on the substrate and electrically connected to the control system, the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder slides through the connecting pipe mouth on the special-shaped part, and a clamping cone is coaxially and detachably provided on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder. The diameter of the clamping cone gradually decreases along the direction from the clamping cone to the anti-loosening cylinder, and a connecting assembly is provided between the clamping cone and the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, after the worker places the special-shaped part on the support column, the anti-loosening cylinder is started through the control system, and the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder extends from the connecting pipe mouth on the special-shaped part. Then the worker installs the clamping cone on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder through the connecting assembly. Then the anti-loosening cylinder is started again through the control system, and the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder drives the clamping cone to press down on the connecting pipe mouth on the special-shaped part until the inclined surface of the clamping cone is pressed against the edge of the connecting pipe mouth. At the same time, under the action of the inclined surface of the clamping cone, the processing position of the special-shaped part is fine-tuned, so that the special-shaped parts of the same batch can be processed on the same reference, which is conducive to improving the consistency of processing precision between different special-shaped parts.

[0016] Optionally, the connecting assembly includes a sleeve coaxially arranged on the clamping cone, a locking ring groove is circumferentially provided on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder, a plurality of locking balls are circumferentially provided on the inner side wall of the sleeve, a plurality of rolling grooves are circumferentially provided between the inner and outer side walls of the sleeve along the radial direction of the sleeve axis, the rolling grooves correspond one-to-one to the locking balls, the locking balls roll in cooperation with the rolling grooves, a tightening member is provided on the sleeve, and the tightening member is used to clamp the locking ball on the locking ring groove.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the worker puts the sleeve on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder, and then uses the tightening piece to make the locking ball on the inner wall of the sleeve clamp on the locking ring groove on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder, so that the sleeve is fixed on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder, thereby installing the tightening cone on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder.

[0018] Optionally, the tightening member includes an abutment tube coaxially slidably sleeved on the sleeve, an unlocking ring groove is provided on the inner side wall of the abutment tube, the unlocking ring groove is used to communicate with the rolling groove, an abutment ring is provided on the sleeve, the abutment ring is located in the unlocking ring groove, and an anti-slip ring is detachably provided on the abutment tube, and a compression spring is supported between the anti-slip ring and the abutment ring.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, before the worker puts the sleeve on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder, the worker pushes the abutment tube, and the abutment tube presses the compression spring onto the abutment ring through the anti-slip ring until the unlocking ring groove in the abutment tube is completely connected with the rolling groove on the sleeve. During this process, the compression spring is compressed by the force, and then the worker puts the sleeve on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder, and the locking ball rolls toward the unlocking ring groove until the rolling groove on the sleeve is connected with the locking ring groove. Then the worker loosens the abutment tube, the compression spring restores its deformation and pushes the anti-slip ring to reset, and the locking ball is pressed onto the locking ring groove by the sleeve.

[0020] Optionally, the inner diameter of the rolling groove gradually decreases in a direction away from the sleeve axis.

[0021] The adoption of the above technical solution is helpful to reduce the possibility of the locking ball rolling out of the rolling groove.

[0022] Optionally, a plurality of friction rings are coaxially arranged on the abutment tube, and the plurality of friction rings are arranged along the axial direction of the abutment tube.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the friction between the worker's hand and the abutment tube is increased, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of the worker in pushing the abutment tube.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. Workers install multiple support columns on the base plate according to the size and shape of the special-shaped parts, then place the special-shaped parts on the multiple support columns, and use limiters to limit the ear plates of the special-shaped parts. Then, the special-shaped parts are pressed against the multiple support columns by a clamping mechanism to fix the special-shaped parts. Since the support columns are detachably installed on the base plate, when fixing special-shaped parts of different sizes and shapes, workers only need to adjust the installation position of the support columns. The support columns are also reusable, which reduces the production cost of the fixture and helps to improve the versatility of the fixture.

[0026] 2. After the worker places the special-shaped part on the support column, the control system activates the pressing cylinder, and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder extends from the connecting pipe port on the special-shaped part. The worker then puts the cover plate on the piston rod of the pressing cylinder through the slot, and then pushes the cover plate to make the piston rod of the pressing cylinder slide to the pressing groove on the cover plate. The control system then activates the pressing cylinder again, and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder contracts and drives the end plate to press against the cover plate, thereby fixing the special-shaped part on the base plate.

[0027] 3. After the worker places the special-shaped part on the support column, the anti-loosening cylinder is started through the control system. The piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder extends from the connecting pipe mouth on the special-shaped part. Then the worker installs the clamping cone on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder through the connecting assembly. Then the anti-loosening cylinder is started again through the control system. The piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder drives the clamping cone to press down on the connecting pipe mouth on the special-shaped part until the inclined surface of the clamping cone is pressed against the edge of the connecting pipe mouth. At the same time, under the action of the inclined surface of the clamping cone, the processing position of the special-shaped part is fine-tuned, so that the special-shaped parts of the same batch can be processed on the same benchmark, which is conducive to improving the consistency of processing precision between different special-shaped parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the special-shaped parts in the background technology of this application.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of Example 1 of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship among the sleeve, abutment tube and compression cone in Example 2 of the present application.

[0032] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 01, main body; 02, connecting pipe mouth; 03, ear plate; 04, mounting hole; 1, base plate; 2, support column; 3, limit member; 31, limit block; 32, slot; 4, clamping mechanism; 41, clamping cylinder; 42, end plate; 43, cover plate; 44, slot; 45, clamping groove; 46, anti-loosening cylinder; 47, clamping cone; 48, connecting assembly; 481, sleeve; 482, locking ring groove; 483, locking ball; 484, rolling groove; 485, clamping member; 4851, abutting tube; 4852, unlocking ring groove; 4853, abutting ring; 4854, anti-slip ring; 4855, compression spring; 5, friction ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is combined with Figure 2-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0034] The embodiment of the present application discloses a fixture for processing special-shaped parts.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figure 2 A fixture for processing special-shaped parts includes a base plate 1, on which are bolted several support columns 2, which are used to support the ear plates 03 on the special-shaped parts, and on which are arranged limiting members 3, which are used to prevent the ear plates 03 from moving. A clamping mechanism 4 is arranged on the base plate 1, which is used to press the special-shaped parts onto the support columns 2.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The limiting component 3 includes a limiting block 31 welded to the support column 2, and a slot 32 is provided on the limiting block 31. The ear plate 03 on the special-shaped component is clamped in the slot 32 on the limiting block 31. The clamping mechanism 4 includes a clamping cylinder 41 bolted to the bottom of the base plate 1 and electrically connected to the control system. The piston rod of the clamping cylinder 41 slides through the connecting pipe opening 02 on the special-shaped component.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3An end plate 42 is welded to the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 41. The diameter of the end plate 42 is larger than the diameter of the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 41. A cover plate 43 is slidably sleeved on the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 41. The cover plate 43 is provided with a slot 44 for the end plate 42 to pass through. The cover plate 43 is provided with a pressing groove 45 connected to the slot 44. The width of the pressing groove 45 is smaller than the diameter of the end plate 42 and larger than the diameter of the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 41.

[0039] The implementation principle of Example 1 is as follows: workers install multiple support columns 2 on the base plate 1 according to the external dimensions and shape of the special-shaped part, and then place the special-shaped part on the multiple support columns 2, while making the ear plate 03 of the special-shaped part be stuck in the slot 32 on the limit block 31, and then start the clamping cylinder 41 through the control system, and the piston rod of the clamping cylinder 41 extends from the connecting pipe mouth 02 on the special-shaped part.

[0040] The worker then puts the cover plate 43 onto the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 41 through the slot 44, and then pushes the cover plate 43 so that the pressing groove 45 on the cover plate 43 is stuck on the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 41. Then, the pressing cylinder 41 is started again through the control system. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder 41 contracts and drives the end plate 42 to descend. The end plate 42 presses the special-shaped part onto multiple support columns 2 through the cover plate 43.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] refer to Figure 4 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the clamping mechanism 4 includes an anti-loosening cylinder 46 bolted to the base plate 1 and electrically connected to the control system. The piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 slides through the connecting pipe opening 02 on the special-shaped part. A clamping cone 47 is coaxially and detachably arranged on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46. The diameter of the clamping cone 47 gradually decreases along the direction from the clamping cone 47 to the anti-loosening cylinder 46. A connecting component 48 is arranged between the clamping cone 47 and the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46.

[0043] refer to Figure 4 The connecting assembly 48 includes a sleeve 481 coaxially welded to the pressing cone 47, a locking ring groove 482 is coaxially circumferentially opened on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46, a plurality of locking balls 483 are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 481, and a plurality of rolling grooves 484 are opened between the inner and outer walls of the sleeve 481.

[0044] refer to Figure 4, multiple rolling grooves 484 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the axis of the sleeve 481, and the rolling grooves 484 are opened along the radial direction of the axis of the sleeve 481. The inner diameter of the rolling grooves 484 gradually decreases in the direction away from the axis of the sleeve 481. The rolling grooves 484 correspond to the locking balls 483 one by one, and the locking balls 483 roll in cooperation with the rolling grooves 484. A fastening member 485 is arranged on the sleeve 481, and the fastening member 485 is used to clamp the locking ball 483 on the locking ring groove 482.

[0045] refer to Figure 4 The tightening member 485 includes an abutment tube 4851 coaxially slidably sleeved on the sleeve 481, and a plurality of friction rings 5 ​​are coaxially welded on the abutment tube 4851. The plurality of friction rings 5 ​​are arranged along the axial direction of the abutment tube 4851. An unlocking ring groove 4852 is provided on the inner side wall of the abutment tube 4851. The unlocking ring groove 4852 is used to communicate with the rolling groove 484. An abutment ring 4853 is welded on the sleeve 481, and the abutment ring 4853 is located in the unlocking ring groove 4852. An anti-slip ring 4854 is bolted to the abutment tube 4851, and a compression spring 4855 is supported between the anti-slip ring 4854 and the abutment ring 4853.

[0046] After the worker places the special-shaped part on the support column 2, the anti-loosening cylinder 46 is started through the control system, and the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 extends from the connecting pipe mouth 02 on the special-shaped part. Then the worker pushes the abutment tube 4851, and the abutment tube 4851 presses the compression spring 4855 onto the abutment ring 4853 through the anti-slip ring 4854 until the unlocking ring groove 4852 in the abutment tube 4851 is fully connected with the rolling groove 484 on the sleeve 481. During this process, the compression spring 4855 is compressed under force.

[0047] Then the worker puts the sleeve 481 on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46, and the locking ball 483 rolls toward the unlocking ring groove 4852 under the push of the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 until the end of the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 abuts the tightening cone 47. At this time, the rolling groove 484 on the sleeve 481 is connected with the locking ring groove 482, and then the worker loosens the abutting tube 4851, the compression spring 4855 restores its deformation and pushes the anti-slip ring 4854 to reset.

[0048] The anti-slip ring 4854 drives the abutment tube 4851 to reset, and the abutment tube 4851 pushes the locking ball 483. The locking ball 483 is pressed on the locking ring groove 482 by the sleeve 481. Then the worker starts the anti-loosening cylinder 46 again through the control system. The piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 drives the clamping cone 47 to press down on the connecting pipe mouth 02 on the special-shaped part through the sleeve 481 until the inclined surface of the clamping cone 47 is pressed against the edge of the connecting pipe mouth 02. Under the action of the conical inclined surface of the clamping cone 47, the processing position of the special-shaped part is fine-tuned and gradually fixed.

[0049] The implementation principle of Example 2 is: after the worker places the special-shaped part on the support column 2, the anti-loosening cylinder 46 is started through the control system, and the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 extends from the connecting pipe mouth 02 on the special-shaped part. Then the worker pushes the abutment tube 4851, and the abutment tube 4851 presses the compression spring 4855 on the abutment ring 4853 through the anti-slip ring 4854 until the unlocking ring groove 4852 in the abutment tube 4851 is fully connected with the rolling groove 484 on the sleeve 481. During this process, the compression spring 4855 is compressed under force.

[0050] Then the worker puts the sleeve 481 on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46, and the locking ball 483 rolls toward the unlocking ring groove 4852 under the push of the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 until the end of the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 abuts the tightening cone 47. At this time, the rolling groove 484 on the sleeve 481 is connected with the locking ring groove 482, and then the worker loosens the abutting tube 4851, the compression spring 4855 restores its deformation and pushes the anti-slip ring 4854 to reset.

[0051] The anti-slip ring 4854 drives the abutment tube 4851 to reset, and the abutment tube 4851 pushes the locking ball 483. The locking ball 483 is pressed on the locking ring groove 482 by the sleeve 481. Then the worker starts the anti-loosening cylinder 46 again through the control system. The piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder 46 drives the clamping cone 47 to press down on the connecting pipe mouth 02 on the special-shaped part through the sleeve 481 until the inclined surface of the clamping cone 47 is pressed against the edge of the connecting pipe mouth 02. Under the action of the conical inclined surface of the clamping cone 47, the processing position of the special-shaped part is fine-tuned and gradually fixed.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A fixture for processing special-shaped parts, characterized by: The invention comprises a base plate (1), wherein a plurality of support columns (2) are detachably provided on the base plate (1), wherein the support columns (2) are used to support the ear plates (03) on the special-shaped parts, wherein a limiting member (3) is provided on the support columns (2), wherein the limiting member (3) is used to prevent the ear plates (03) from moving, and wherein a pressing mechanism (4) is provided on the base plate (1), wherein the pressing mechanism (4) is used to press the special-shaped parts onto the support columns (2).

2. A fixture for processing special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member (3) comprises a limiting block (31) arranged on the supporting column (2); a clamping slot (32) is provided on the limiting block (31); and the ear plate (03) on the special-shaped member is clamped on the clamping slot (32) on the limiting block (31).

3. The fixture for processing special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (4) includes a clamping cylinder (41) arranged on the base plate (1) and electrically connected to the control system, the piston rod of the clamping cylinder (41) slides through the connecting pipe port (02) on the special-shaped part, the piston rod of the clamping cylinder (41) is provided with an end plate (42), the diameter of the end plate (42) is larger than the diameter of the piston rod of the clamping cylinder (41), a cover plate (43) is slidably sleeved on the piston rod of the clamping cylinder (41), the cover plate (43) is provided with a slot (44) for the end plate (42) to pass through, the cover plate (43) is provided with a clamping groove (45) connected to the slot (44), and the width of the clamping groove (45) is smaller than the diameter of the end plate (42).

4. The fixture for processing special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (4) includes an anti-loosening cylinder (46) arranged on the substrate (1) and electrically connected to the control system, the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder (46) slides through the connecting pipe opening (02) on the special-shaped part, and a clamping cone (47) is coaxially and detachably arranged on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder (46), the diameter of the clamping cone (47) gradually decreases along the direction from the clamping cone (47) to the anti-loosening cylinder (46), and a connecting component (48) is provided between the clamping cone (47) and the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder (46).

5. The fixture for processing special-shaped parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (48) includes a sleeve (481) coaxially arranged on the pressing cone (47), a locking ring groove (482) is circumferentially provided on the piston rod of the anti-loosening cylinder (46), a plurality of locking balls (483) are circumferentially provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (481), a plurality of rolling grooves (484) are circumferentially provided between the inner and outer walls of the sleeve (481) along the radial direction of the axis of the sleeve (481), the rolling grooves (484) correspond one-to-one to the locking balls (483), the locking balls (483) and the rolling grooves (484) are in rolling engagement with each other, and a fastening member (485) is provided on the sleeve (481), and the fastening member (485) is used to clamp the locking ball (483) on the locking ring groove (482).

6. The fixture for processing special-shaped parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tightening member (485) includes an abutting tube (4851) coaxially slidably sleeved on the sleeve (481), an unlocking ring groove (4852) is provided on the inner side wall of the abutting tube (4851), and the unlocking ring groove (4852) is used to communicate with the rolling groove (484). An abutting ring (4853) is provided on the sleeve (481), and the abutting ring (4853) is located in the unlocking ring groove (4852). An anti-slip ring (4854) is detachably provided on the abutting tube (4851), and a compression spring (4855) is supported between the anti-slip ring (4854) and the abutting ring (4853).

7. A fixture for processing special-shaped parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the rolling groove (484) gradually decreases in a direction away from the axis of the sleeve (481).

8. The fixture for processing special-shaped parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of friction rings (5) are coaxially arranged on the abutting tube (4851), and the plurality of friction rings (5) are arranged along the axial direction of the abutting tube (4851).

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