Field stone picking crusher

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of stone picking machines, and particularly relates to a field stone picking crusher which comprises a traction frame connected with a tractor and a stone picking unit arranged on the traction frame, and is characterized by further comprising a crushing unit located on the rear side of the stone picking unit. The stone picking unit comprises digging row teeth, a comb tooth shovel, an elevator and a pair of side plates which are sequentially arranged in the stone conveying direction, the comb tooth shovel is located between the side plates and fixedly connected with the side plates, and the comb tooth shovel conveys the stone to the crushing unit through the elevator; according to the stone picking crusher, the resistance borne by the comb tooth shovel is small, stone picking can be effectively conducted, the comb tooth shovel directly feeds stone into the crushing unit to be crushed and returned to the field, frequent shutdown is not needed, multiple agricultural machines do not need to be matched for stone picking, and the stone picking efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of stone picking machines, in particular to a field stone picking crusher. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major agricultural producer. With the rapid development of agricultural mechanization in recent years, existing agricultural machinery has relatively high requirements for soil rock content. Cultivated land contains large amounts of gravel, which particularly impacts mechanized precision seeding and harvesting operations. This gravel not only affects the physical properties of the soil but also affects seeding quality, seedling emergence, and crop growth, while also increasing the cost of field crop management. To facilitate mechanical tillage and soil improvement, surface rocks are manually removed from farmland. This method is not only incomplete, but also labor-intensive and inefficient, making it unsuitable for large-scale operations. The presence of large amounts of gravel in farmland soil increases agricultural investment and creates a disproportionate return, which has plagued agricultural production and severely restricted the development of the agricultural economy. Existing rock pickers are mostly chain-plate structures. They use the forward thrust of the picker to shovel soil and rocks onto the chain plates, separating the soil from the rocks before transporting them to a collection box. The box is small and can fill up in 3 to 5 minutes, resulting in extremely low overall efficiency and the inability to operate continuously. A single stone picker requires the cooperation of multiple agricultural machines to complete the stone picking operation, increasing the cost for users. Furthermore, small stones that fall through the chain plates during the stone picking process often become lodged between the chain plates, causing the chain transmission components to become stuck. Furthermore, existing stone pickers require soil and stones to be shoveled into the chain plate mechanism, resulting in high digging resistance and ineffective stone picking, further impacting overall operating efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a field stone picking crusher. The comb-tooth shovel is subject to little resistance and can effectively pick up stones. The comb-tooth shovel directly sends the stones into the crushing unit for crushing and returning them to the field. There is no need for frequent shutdowns and no need for multiple agricultural machines to cooperate in picking up stones, which effectively improves the efficiency of stone picking.

[0004] The specific technical solution adopted in this utility model is:

[0005] A field stone picking crusher includes a traction frame connected to a tractor and a stone picking unit arranged on the traction frame. The key point is that it also includes a crushing unit located at the rear side of the stone picking unit. The stone picking unit includes an excavation tooth row, a comb tooth shovel, an elevator and a pair of side plates arranged in sequence along the stone conveying direction. The comb tooth shovel is located between the side plates and fixedly connected to the side plates. The comb tooth shovel transports the stones to the crushing unit with the help of the elevator. The excavation tooth row is rotatably installed on the side plates and passes through the tooth gaps of the comb tooth shovel.

[0006] The crushing unit includes a frame, a crushing drive assembly arranged on the frame, a traveling wheel and a crusher. The frame is hinged to the rear end of the traction frame. The feed port of the crusher is connected to the discharge end of the elevator. The discharge port of the crusher faces the ground. The power output end of the crushing drive assembly is connected to the power shaft of the crusher.

[0007] The stone picking unit also includes a rotating shaft, the excavation teeth are connected to the rotating shaft and arranged in a circular array along the rotating shaft, the side plate is provided with an excavation drive assembly, the rotating shaft is installed on the side plate and is transmission-connected to the power output end of the excavation drive assembly.

[0008] A mounting plate is provided on the rotating shaft, two ends of the excavating teeth are respectively connected to the mounting plate, and a spring tensioning rod is provided between the excavating teeth and the mounting plate.

[0009] The fixed end of the side plate is hinged to the traction frame, and the overhanging end of the side plate is hinged to the traction frame by means of a first telescopic cylinder. The side plate has the freedom to adjust the angle of the comb shovel on the traction frame by means of the extension and contraction of the first telescopic cylinder.

[0010] The elevator includes a chain box and conveying grating teeth. The two ends of the conveying grating teeth are respectively connected to the conveying chain in the chain box. The chain box is provided with an elevator drive assembly. The power output end of the elevator drive assembly is connected to the driving shaft of the conveying chain. A lifting base for receiving the stones output by the comb shovel is fixedly connected between the chain boxes. The conveying grating teeth pass through the elevator base and push the stones on the elevator base to the feed port of the crushing unit.

[0011] One end of the chain box is hinged to the traction frame, and the other end is hinged to the traction frame by means of a second telescopic cylinder. The elevator has the freedom to adjust the lifting angle by means of the telescopic movement of the second telescopic cylinder.

[0012] Muck guide plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the lifting base, and the guide ends of the muck guide tooth plates are in a downwardly inclined scale-like structure.

[0013] The feed end of the elevator is lower than the output end of the comb-tooth shovel, and a downward-inclined guide grid is provided between the elevator and the comb-tooth shovel.

[0014] The comb shovel includes a first straight segment, an arc segment and a second straight segment arranged in sequence along the stone conveying direction. The lower end of the first straight segment is the soil-entering end, and the axis around which the excavating teeth rotate is coaxial with the arc segment.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] The utility model adopts a crushing unit provided at the rear side of the stone picking unit. The stone picking unit picks up stones in the field and sends the stones to the crushing unit. The crushing unit crushes the stones and directly returns the crushed small stones to the field. There is no need to frequently stop the machine or cooperate with multiple agricultural machines, and continuous stone picking and crushing operations are achieved. On the other hand, there is no need to transport the stones out of the field, which avoids the problem of carrying part of the soil during the stone picking operation and does not cause the loss of field soil.

[0017] The stone picking unit includes a comb shovel and digging teeth arranged on the front side of the comb shovel. The digging teeth first repeatedly dig the soil to turn out the stones and loosen the soil to facilitate the comb shovel to insert into the soil and move. The digging teeth assist the stones to move backward along the comb shovel through the gaps of the comb shovel, preventing the stones from accumulating or getting stuck during the stone picking process of the comb shovel, causing the stones to be unable to be picked up effectively, thereby effectively improving the stone picking efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA sectional view;

[0020] In the accompanying drawings, 1. traction frame, 2. stone picking unit, 3. crushing unit, 4. frame, 5. crushing drive assembly, 6. walking wheel, 7. crusher, 8. comb shovel, 801. first straight segment, 802. arc segment, 803. second straight segment, 9. elevator, 10. side plate, 11. first telescopic cylinder, 12. rotating shaft, 13. excavation teeth, 14. excavation drive assembly, 15. mounting plate, 16. spring tensioning rod, 17. chain box, 18. conveying grid teeth, 19. lifting drive assembly, 20. lifting base, 21. guide grid, 22. second telescopic cylinder, 23. slag guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0022] Specific implementation examples Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the utility model relates to a field stone picking crusher, comprising a traction frame 1 connected to a tractor, a stone picking unit 2 arranged on the traction frame 1 and a crushing unit 3 located at the rear side of the stone picking unit 2, wherein the stone picking unit 2 comprises an excavation tooth row 13, a comb tooth shovel 8, an elevator 9 and a pair of side plates 10, the comb tooth shovel 8 is located between the side plates 10 and is fixedly connected to the side plates 10, the excavation tooth row 13 is rotatably mounted on the side plates 10, and the excavation tooth row 13 passes through the tooth gaps of the comb tooth plates 8 during rotation; the crushing unit 3 comprises a frame 4, a crushing drive assembly 5 arranged on the frame 4, a walking wheel 6 and a crusher 7, the frame 4 is hinged to the rear end of the traction frame 1; the feed end of the elevator 9 is connected to the output end of the comb tooth shovel 8, the discharge end of the elevator 9 is connected to the feed port of the crusher 7, the discharge port of the crusher 7 faces the ground, the power output end of the crushing drive assembly 5 is transmission-connected to the power shaft of the crusher 7, and the crushing drive assembly 5 drives the crusher 7 to crush stones.

[0023] A crushing unit 3 is installed behind the traction frame 1. The stone picking unit 2 sends the stones picked up in the farmland into the crusher 7 of the crushing unit 3 for crushing. The large-sized stones are crushed by the crusher 7 and returned to the field, eliminating the need for a stone collection box. That is, there is no problem of stopping the machine for loading and unloading when the stone collection box is full. There is no need for repeated and frequent shutdowns, and continuous stone picking and crushing operations can be achieved, thereby improving overall operating efficiency. There is no need for multiple agricultural machines to cooperate in stone picking operations.

[0024] During operation, the excavating teeth 13 shovel the soil to be picked up, and at the same time repeatedly excavate and loosen the soil, and turn over the stones, making it easier for the comb shovel 8 to be inserted into the soil and move, reducing the resistance to the movement of the comb shovel 8. The excavating teeth assist the stones to move toward the output end of the comb shovel 8 through the tooth gaps of the comb shovel 8, preventing the stones from not being able to move along the comb shovel 8 to the elevator 9 in time when there are a large number of stones in the field, causing the stones to accumulate and the comb shovel 8 to be subjected to excessive force, and at the same time avoiding the situation where the stones in the field are pushed to the sides by the comb shovel 8 and cannot be effectively picked up. The matching arrangement of the excavating teeth 13 and the comb shovel 8 effectively improves the stone picking efficiency of the stone picking crusher, realizes effective stone picking operations, avoids large-sized stones left in the field, and prevents the comb shovel 8 from being damaged by stones being stuck in the tooth gaps of the comb shovel 8.

[0025] In this embodiment, the comb-tooth shovel 8 includes a first straight segment 801, an arcuate segment 802, and a second straight segment 803, arranged sequentially along the direction of stone conveyance. The lower end of the first straight segment 801 is the entry point. Stones are conveyed along the arcuate segment 802 to the second straight segment 803 and discharged from the upper end of the second straight segment 803. The axis about which the excavating teeth 13 rotate is coaxial with the arcuate segment 802. The excavating teeth 13 enter the teeth gaps of the comb-tooth shovel 8 from the first straight segment 801, pass through the teeth gaps of the arcuate segment 802, and then separate from the comb-tooth shovel 8 from the second straight segment 803. This assists in pushing and hooking stones on the comb-tooth shovel 8, preventing stones from becoming stuck on the comb-tooth shovel 8 and causing excessive resistance or damage, thereby improving overall operating efficiency.

[0026] The comb-tooth shovel 8 is inserted into the field soil, and the finely divided soil and small stones leak out through the teeth of the comb-tooth shovel 8 and remain in the field. The large-particle stones are scooped up by the comb-tooth shovel 8 and move upward along the comb-tooth shovel 8 until they fall onto the elevator 9. The elevator 9 lifts the stones and the stones fall into the crusher 7 from the discharge end of the elevator 9 and are crushed.

[0027] The fixed end of the side plate 10 is hinged to the traction frame 1, and the overhanging end of the side plate 10 is hinged to the traction frame 1 by means of a first telescopic cylinder 11. The side plate 10 has the freedom to adjust the angle of the comb-tooth shovel 8 on the traction frame 1 by means of the extension and contraction of the first telescopic cylinder 11; the angle of the comb-tooth shovel 8 on the traction frame 1 can be adjusted by means of the extension and contraction of the first telescopic cylinder 11, that is, the depth to which the comb-tooth shovel 8 is inserted into the soil can be adjusted without changing the angle of the entire traction frame 1, so that the adjustment of the stone picking depth is more flexible.

[0028] Furthermore, the stone picking unit 2 also includes a rotating shaft 12, and excavating teeth 13 are connected to the rotating shaft 12 and arranged in a circumferential array along the rotating shaft 12. An excavating drive assembly 14 is provided on the side plate 10. The rotating shaft 12 is mounted on the side plate 10 and is in driving connection with the power output end of the excavating drive assembly 14. The excavating teeth 13 are inserted into the tooth gaps of the comb shovel 8. The excavating teeth 13 pass through the comb shovel 8 in sequence with the help of the excavating drive assembly 14 to drive the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 is provided on the front side of the comb shovel 8.

[0029] In this embodiment, an excavating row of teeth 13 that can rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 12 is added to the front side of the comb-tooth shovel 8. The excavating row of teeth 13 changes with the angle of the comb-tooth shovel 8, and the excavating depth of the excavating row of teeth 13 always matches the stone picking depth of the comb-tooth shovel 8.

[0030] Furthermore, a mounting plate 15 is provided on the rotating shaft 12, and both ends of the excavating teeth 13 are respectively connected to the mounting plate 15, and a spring tensioning rod 16 is provided between the excavating teeth 13 and the mounting plate 15. The spring tensioning rod 16 includes a connecting rod and a spring sleeved on the connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the excavating teeth 13 and the mounting plate 15. The excavating teeth 13 are connected to the rotating shaft 12 by means of the mounting plate 15, which helps to protect the excavating teeth 13 from automatically avoiding when excavating larger stones or fixed objects, and protects the excavating teeth 13 from being stuck.

[0031] The elevator 9 includes a chain box 17 and a conveying grid tooth 18. The two ends of the conveying grid tooth 18 are respectively connected to the conveying chain in the chain box 17. The chain box 17 is provided with a lifting drive assembly 19. The power output end of the lifting drive assembly 19 is connected to the driving shaft of the conveying chain. A lifting base 20 for receiving the stones output by the comb shovel 8 is fixedly connected between the chain boxes 17. The conveying grid tooth 18 passes through the lifting base 20 and pushes the stones on the lifting base 20 to the feed port of the crusher 7. During operation, the stones on the comb shovel 8 fall onto the lifting base 20, and the conveying grid teeth 18 move from the feed end of the lifting base 20 to the discharge end with the movement of the chain. The conveying grid teeth 18 push the stones on the lifting base 20 to the discharge end of the lifting base 20 and fall into the crusher 7 for crushing. The lifting base 20 provides fixed support for the stones, and the output grid teeth 18 provides dynamic support for the stones. The lifting base 20 and the output grid teeth 18 cooperate to lift the stones, and the stones will not be stuck on the lifting base 20.

[0032] Furthermore, a downwardly inclined guide grating 21 is provided between the lifting base 20 and the comb shovel 8, and the conveying grating teeth 18 pass through the grating gaps of the guide grating 21 and the top of the lifting base 20 in turn and push the stones on the guide grating 21 along the lifting base 20 to the feed port of the crusher 7. The stones output by the comb-tooth shovel 8 fall onto the guide grid plate 21 for temporary storage. The conveying grid teeth 18 passing through the guide grid plate 21 lift the stones on the guide grid plate 21 or in the gaps of the guide grid plate 21 and convey them along the lifting base 20, which helps to increase the spacing between the conveying grid teeth 18, prevents stones from being stuck between two conveying grid teeth 18, and also prevents stones from being stuck on the guide grid plate 21; the guide grid plate 21 is tilted downward toward the end of the lifting base 20 to prevent the vibration generated by the movement of the stone picking crusher or the conveying grid teeth 18 from pushing the stones through the guide grid plate 21, causing the stones to fall back onto the comb-tooth shovel 8, thereby improving the efficiency of stone transportation.

[0033] Preferably, one end of the chain box 17 is hinged to the traction frame 1, and the other end is hinged to the traction frame 1 via a second telescopic cylinder 22. The elevator 9 has the freedom to adjust the lifting angle by extending and retracting the second telescopic cylinder 22. Specifically, the chain box 17 is hinged to the traction frame 1 via the drive shaft of the conveyor chain. By extending and retracting the second telescopic cylinder 22, the angle between the chain box 17, the lifting base 20, and the traction frame 1 is adjusted, thereby changing the lifting slope. This allows the elevator 9 to adjust its slope to suit different types of stones, improving conveying stability.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first telescopic cylinder 11 and the second telescopic cylinder 22 are both hydraulic cylinders.

[0035] Furthermore, slag guide plates 23 are respectively provided on both sides of the lifting base 20. The guide ends of the slag guide tooth plates 23 are in a downwardly inclined scale-like structure, which facilitates the small-particle slag carried up with the stones to slide down on the lifting base 20, thereby reducing the slag thrown out from the discharge end of the lifting base 20 and preventing the slag from flying around in the air.

[0036] The traveling wheels 6 are respectively arranged on both sides of the frame 4. There are four traveling wheels 6 installed on the frame 4. The crusher 7 can move with the tractor in the field with the help of the traveling wheels 6, so as to realize direct crushing and returning the stones after picking up. The discharge end of the stone picking unit 2 is suspended above the frame 4 along the traction frame 1, and the crushing drive assembly 5 is arranged between the traction frame 1 and the crusher 7.

[0037] In this embodiment, the crusher 7 is a jaw crusher, the feed port of the jaw crusher is set upward, and the discharge port is set downward. The stones are output by the elevator 9 and fall along the feed port into the jaw crusher for crushing. The crushed small-size stones fall directly to the ground from the discharge port under the action of gravity to prevent the stones from splashing everywhere.

[0038] In this embodiment, the tractor 1 is provided with a power transmission gearbox, a gear pump, a hydraulic oil tank, and a hydraulic radiator, wherein the power output end of the power transmission gearbox is connected to the gear pump, the hydraulic oil tank is connected to the gear pump through an oil pipe, and the hydraulic radiator is connected to the hydraulic circulation system through a hydraulic pipeline. The hydraulic oil tank and the hydraulic radiator are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the power transmission gearbox, and the excavating gear 13 is arranged on the rear side of the power transmission gearbox.

[0039] The crushing drive component 5 in this embodiment is a crushing hydraulic motor, which drives the crusher 7 to work with the help of a belt and a pulley; the excavation drive component 14 includes an excavation gearbox and an excavation hydraulic motor connected to the excavation gearbox, and the lifting drive component 19 includes a lifting gearbox and a lifting hydraulic motor connected to the lifting gearbox. The crushing hydraulic motor, the excavation hydraulic motor, and the lifting hydraulic motor constitute a hydraulic system. The tractor PTO is connected to the power transmission gearbox through a coupling and provides power for the hydraulic system, so that the crushing hydraulic motor, the excavation hydraulic motor, and the lifting hydraulic motor rotate, thereby making the excavation teeth 13, the conveying grid teeth 18 and the crusher 7 work.

Claims

1. A field stone picking crusher, comprising a traction frame (1) connected to a tractor, and a stone picking unit (2) arranged on the traction frame (1), characterized in that: The invention also includes a crushing unit (3) located at the rear side of the stone picking unit (2), wherein the stone picking unit (2) includes an excavating tooth row (13), a comb tooth shovel (8), an elevator (9) and a pair of side plates (10) arranged in sequence along the stone conveying direction, wherein the comb tooth shovel (8) is located between the side plates (10) and is fixedly connected to the side plates (10), and the comb tooth shovel (8) conveys the stones to the crushing unit (3) with the help of the elevator (9), and the excavating tooth row (13) is rotatably mounted on the side plates (10) and passes through the tooth gaps of the comb tooth shovel (8).

2. A field stone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing unit (3) comprises a frame (4), a crushing drive assembly (5) arranged on the frame (4), a walking wheel (6) and a crusher (7); the frame (4) is hinged to the rear end of the traction frame (1); the feed port of the crusher (7) is connected to the discharge end of the elevator (9); the discharge port of the crusher (7) faces the ground; and the power output end of the crushing drive assembly (5) is transmission-connected to the power shaft of the crusher (7).

3. A field stone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stone picking unit (2) further includes a rotating shaft (12), the excavation teeth (13) are connected to the rotating shaft (12) and are arranged in a circular array along the rotating shaft (12), an excavation drive assembly (14) is provided on the side plate (10), the rotating shaft (12) is mounted on the side plate (10) and is transmission-connected to the power output end of the excavation drive assembly (14).

4. A field stone crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting plate (15) is provided on the rotating shaft (12), both ends of the excavating teeth (13) are respectively connected to the mounting plate (15), and a spring tensioning rod (16) is provided between the excavating teeth (13) and the mounting plate (15).

5. A field stone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed end of the side plate (10) is hinged to the traction frame (1), and the overhanging end of the side plate (10) is hinged to the traction frame (1) by means of a first telescopic cylinder (11). The side plate (10) has the freedom to adjust the angle of the comb shovel (8) on the traction frame (1) by means of the telescopic movement of the first telescopic cylinder (11).

6. A field stone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevator (9) includes a chain box (17) and a conveying grating (18), the two ends of the conveying grating (18) are respectively connected to the conveying chain in the chain box (17), and the chain box (17) is provided with an elevator drive assembly (19), the power output end of the elevator drive assembly (19) is connected to the driving shaft of the conveying chain, and the chain box (17) is fixedly connected with an elevator base (20) for receiving the stones output by the comb shovel (8), and the conveying grating (18) passes through the elevator base (20) and pushes the stones on the elevator base (20) to the feed port of the crushing unit (3).

7. A field stone crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the chain box (17) is hinged to the traction frame (1), and the other end is hinged to the traction frame (1) by means of a second telescopic cylinder (22). The elevator (9) has the freedom to adjust the lifting angle by means of the telescopic movement of the second telescopic cylinder (22).

8. The field stone crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: Muck guide plates (23) are respectively provided on both sides of the lifting base (20), and the guide ends of the muck guide plates (23) are in a downwardly inclined scale-like structure.

9. The field stone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed end of the elevator (9) is lower than the output end of the comb-tooth shovel (8), and a downwardly inclined guide grid plate (21) is provided between the elevator (9) and the comb-tooth shovel (8).

10. The field stone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comb-tooth shovel (8) comprises a first straight segment (801), an arc segment (802) and a second straight segment (803) arranged in sequence along the stone conveying direction, the lower end of the first straight segment (801) is the end for entering the soil, and the axis around which the excavating teeth (13) rotate is coaxially arranged with the arc segment (802).

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