Modular small agricultural equipment and combined agricultural machine with multiple pieces of modular small agricultural equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to modularized small agricultural equipment, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a carrying vehicle and an agricultural operation kit arranged on the carrying vehicle. The carrying vehicle comprises a first frame; the walking elements are arranged at the lower ends of four corners of the first frame; the driving assembly is arranged above the first frame and used for driving the walking element to walk; the agricultural operation kit has a plurality of operation modules, including a seeding module and / or a transplanting module and / or a fertilizing module detachably connected to the first frame and / or a harvesting module detachably connected to the first frame. Compared with the prior art, the modularized small agricultural equipment has the advantages that different functional modules are installed on the carrying vehicle, switching of different functions is achieved, and the modularized small agricultural equipment has the advantage of being multipurpose and high in applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a modular small-sized agricultural machinery and a combined agricultural machine with a plurality of modular small-sized agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural machinery plays an indispensable role in improving agricultural production efficiency and reducing labor intensity. However, there is currently a shortage of small agricultural machinery in my country, making it difficult to adapt to the mountainous and fragmented land conditions in southern my country.

[0003] At the same time, my country's complex land types and diverse crop varieties have led to significant disparities in agricultural mechanization across different crops and sectors. The single-function agricultural machinery currently on the market cannot meet the diverse needs of agricultural production. Furthermore, most machinery is designed for operations on large, contiguous, and contiguous plains, making it less effective in farmland with complex terrain. Cultivated land in hilly and mountainous areas faces the dilemma of "a lack of suitable machinery." These issues have significantly hindered the development of small-scale agricultural mechanization in my country. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular small agricultural machinery and a combined agricultural machine having a plurality of modular small agricultural machinery in order to overcome at least one of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] One of the purposes of the present utility model is to provide a modular small agricultural machinery, comprising: a carrying vehicle, and an agricultural operation kit provided on the carrying vehicle;

[0007] The vehicle comprises: a first frame; walking elements arranged at the lower ends of the four corners of the first frame; and a driving assembly arranged above the first frame for driving the walking elements to move;

[0008] The agricultural operation kit has multiple operation modules, including:

[0009] a sowing module detachably connected to the first frame, for sowing crop seeds;

[0010] and / or, a transplanting module detachably connected to the first frame, for transplanting crop seedlings;

[0011] and / or, a fertilizing module detachably connected to the first frame, for fertilizing crops;

[0012] and / or, a harvesting module detachably connected to the first frame, for harvesting crops.

[0013] Furthermore, the walking element includes: a driving rod, one end of which passes through the first frame and is provided with a first bevel gear meshing with the driving assembly, and the other end is provided with a second bevel gear; a wheel support member sleeved on the driving rod body, the upper end surface of which is provided with a first gear; a wheel rotatably connected to the wheel support member, a third bevel gear provided on the wheel support member, which is respectively meshed with the second bevel gear and the wheel to drive the wheel to move; a first servo support member sleeved on the driving rod and between the first bevel gear and the first gear rod body, which is provided at the bottom of the first frame; a first servo provided on the side of the first servo support member, the output end of which is provided with a second gear meshing with the first gear to change the steering of the wheel support member, thereby changing the steering of the wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes: an active transmission rod arranged on the upper end surface of the first frame, and both ends of the active transmission rod are provided with transmission bevel gears meshing with the first bevel gear; two driven transmission rods arranged on the upper end surface of the first frame are both transmission-connected to the active transmission rod through a second conveyor belt, and the driven transmission rods are also provided with transmission bevel gears meshing with the first bevel gear; a motor arranged on the first frame, and is transmission-connected to the active transmission rod through the first conveyor belt.

[0015] Furthermore, the sowing module includes: a second frame detachably connected to the first frame; a rotary-wing loosening mechanism arranged on the side of the second frame; a covering wheel arranged on the other side of the second frame; and a rotary grain-classifying disc arranged in the middle of the second frame.

[0016] Furthermore, the transplanting module includes: a workbench detachably connected to the first frame; a guide plate arranged on the workbench surface, for guiding the seedlings to be transplanted in the seedling pot to the workbench; a seedling grasping assembly, which is opposite to the guide plate outlet, and includes a first rack arranged on the workbench surface, a servo gripper slidably connected to the first rack, and a fourth servo connected to the servo gripper, the fourth servo drives the servo gripper to rise and fall on the first rack; a seedling shifting assembly, including a seedling pot paddle arranged between the seedling grasping assembly and the workbench, the seedling pot paddle is sleeved on the first rack and rotatably connected thereto, the seedling shifting assembly also includes a third servo, the third servo is connected to the seedling pot paddle and the servo gripper to drive the seedling pot paddle and the servo gripper to rotate around the first rack; a transplanting assembly, including a second rack arranged under the workbench surface, a transplanting frame slidably connected to the second rack, and a second servo connected to the transplanting frame, the second servo drives the transplanting frame to rise and fall on the second rack.

[0017] Furthermore, the fertilization module includes: a third frame detachably connected to the first frame; a water tank arranged above the third frame; a water pump arranged on the third frame, one end of which is connected to the water tank and the other end of which is provided with a nozzle connected thereto.

[0018] Furthermore, the fertilizing module is also provided with a second steering gear for driving the nozzle to rotate.

[0019] Furthermore, the harvesting module includes: two synchronous components arranged relative to each other, used to clamp crops, one end facing the crops is set at the lower end of the first frame, and the end away from the crops is set at the upper end of the first frame. As the carrying vehicle moves forward, the clamped crops are subjected to an upward lifting force and are then pulled out.

[0020] Furthermore, the synchronous assembly includes a third synchronous pulley and a third synchronous belt mounted on the third synchronous pulley; the harvesting module also includes a tensioning device for adjusting the clamping force of the third synchronous belt, and a sixth servo for driving the third synchronous belt.

[0021] The second object of the present invention is to provide a combined agricultural machine having a plurality of modular small agricultural machinery devices, wherein the combined agricultural machine includes at least two modular small agricultural machinery devices as described above, each modular small agricultural machinery device being equipped with an operation module of an agricultural operation kit;

[0022] Two adjacent modular small agricultural machinery equipment are combined into a whole through a topological connector arranged between the two.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0024] (1) The utility model provides a modular small agricultural machinery. By installing different functional modules on a carrying vehicle, the agricultural machinery realizes the switching of different functions, has the characteristics of "one machine for multiple uses", and has strong applicability. It also provides universal and modular options, is miniaturized and high-performance, and is economical and practical.

[0025] (2) The utility model provides a modular small agricultural machinery equipment, which innovatively adopts multiple first servos on the carrying vehicle, which can effectively reduce the turning radius and increase the flexibility of the vehicle in complex and changing environments.

[0026] (3) The utility model provides a combined agricultural machine with multiple modular small agricultural machinery equipment. The combined agricultural machine combines multiple modular small agricultural machinery equipment together in a multi-machine collaboration and topological combination manner. This multi-machine collaboration mode can not only maintain the efficient operation of each machine and improve the efficiency of farmland operations, but also complete larger-scale or more complex operations through topological combination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the vehicle in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the vehicle in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sowing module in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rotary seed disc in the sowing module in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a modular small agricultural machine equipped with a sowing module in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the transfer module in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a modular small agricultural machine equipped with a transfer module in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the fertilization module in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the harvesting module in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a modular agricultural machine having multiple modular small agricultural machinery equipment in Example 2;

[0037] The numbers in the figure are as follows: 1-first frame; 2-driving rod; 3-second bevel gear; 4-wheel support; 5-wheel; 6-third bevel gear; 7-first gear; 8-first steering gear support; 9-second conveyor belt; 10-first conveyor belt; 11-motor; 12-first steering gear; 13-second gear; 14-active transmission rod; 15-first bevel gear; 16-transmission bevel gear; 17-driven transmission rod; 18-second steering gear; 19-third steering gear; 20-fourth steering gear; 21-second frame; 22-covering wheel; 23-rotor seeding disc; 231-housing; 232-seed disc; 2 33-guide groove; 234-groove; 24-rotor-type loosening mechanism; 25-workbench; 26-guide plate; 27-servo gripper; 28-liftable transplanting frame; 29-third frame; 30-visual recognition module; 31-nozzle; 32-fifth servo; 33-water pump; 34-water tank; 35-third synchronous pulley; 36-tensioning device; 37-third synchronous belt; 38-fixed beam; 39-sixth servo; 40-first rack; 41-seedling pot paddle; 42-second rack; a-first carrier; b-topological connector; c-second carrier; d-seeding module; e-fertilization module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] See also Figure 1-9 , this embodiment provides a modular small agricultural machinery equipment, including: a carrying vehicle, and an agricultural operation kit provided on the carrying vehicle;

[0041] The vehicle comprises: a first frame 1; walking elements arranged at the lower ends of the four corners of the first frame 1; and a driving assembly arranged above the first frame 1 for driving the walking elements to move;

[0042] The agricultural operation kit has multiple operation modules, including:

[0043] A sowing module detachably connected to the first frame 1 is used for sowing crop seeds; and / or a transplanting module detachably connected to the first frame 1 is used for transplanting crop seedlings; and / or a fertilizing module detachably connected to the first frame 1 is used for fertilizing crops; and / or a harvesting module detachably connected to the first frame 1 is used for harvesting crops.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1-2 The walking element includes: a driving rod 2, one end of which passes through the first frame 1 and is provided with a first bevel gear 15 meshing with the driving assembly, and the other end is provided with a second bevel gear 3; a wheel support 4 sleeved on the rod body of the driving rod 2, and a first gear 7 is provided on its upper end surface; a wheel 5 rotatably connected to the wheel support 4, and a third bevel gear 6 provided on the wheel support 4, which is respectively meshed with the second bevel gear 3 and the wheel 5 to drive the wheel 5 to move; a first steering gear support 8 sleeved on the driving rod 2 on the rod body of the first bevel gear 15 and the first gear 7, which is provided at the bottom of the first frame 1; a first steering gear 12 provided on the side of the first steering gear support 8, and a second gear 13 meshing with the first gear 7 is provided at its output end to change the steering of the wheel support 4, thereby changing the steering of the wheel 5.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1-2The driving assembly includes: an active transmission rod 14 arranged on the upper end surface of the first frame 1, and both ends of the active transmission rod 14 are provided with a transmission bevel gear 16 meshing with the first bevel gear 15; two driven transmission rods 17 arranged on the upper end surface of the first frame 1 are both connected to the active transmission rod 14 through the second conveyor belt 9, and the driven transmission rod 17 is also provided with a transmission bevel gear 16 meshing with the first bevel gear 15; a motor 11 arranged on the first frame 1 is connected to the active transmission rod 14 through the first conveyor belt 10.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 3-5 The sowing module has the functions of loosening soil, granulating seeds and compacting soil, and includes: a second frame 21 detachably connected to the first frame 1; a rotary-wing loosening mechanism 24 arranged on the side of the second frame 21; a covering wheel 22 arranged on the other side of the second frame 21, preferably a spring covering wheel; and a rotary particle disc 23 arranged in the middle of the second frame 21.

[0047] When the vehicle carrying the seeding module enters the work area, the soil is dislodged through the rotation of the rotary-wing loosening mechanism 24 and the downward pressure exerted by the machine. The rotary-wing loosening mechanism 24 consists of sharp-angled, circular-arc loosening blades and a loosening plate, resulting in a simple structure and easy soil removal. The sharp angle of this structural design ensures the blades penetrate the soil smoothly, while the circular arc reduces soil resistance, making it easier to reach the desired seeding depth.

[0048] The rotary seeding disc 23 is the core component of the sowing module. Users can adjust the disc diameter according to the crop type to sow seedlings of various shapes and sizes. The structural design of the grooves 234 enables seeding with separate grains, ensuring that each seed is properly placed in the soil, achieving precise sowing. The coiled spring covering wheel, through its ingenious vortex design, achieves elastic contact with the ground, ensuring soil aeration and largely preventing seed necrosis caused by overly firm soil.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 6-7The transplanting module is used to complete the plant seedling grabbing and realize the automated assembly line transplanting operation, including: a workbench 25 detachably connected to the first frame 1; a guide plate 26 provided on the workbench 25, for guiding the seedlings to be transplanted in the seedling pot to the workbench 25; a seedling grabbing assembly, which is opposite to the exit of the guide plate 26, including a first rack 40 provided on the workbench 25, a steering gear gripper 27 slidably connected to the first rack 40, and a fourth steering gear 20 connected to the steering gear gripper 27, the fourth steering gear 20 driving the steering gear gripper 27 to rise and fall on the first rack 40; a seedling shifting assembly, including a A seedling pot paddle 41 is placed between the seedling grabbing assembly and the workbench 25, and the seedling pot paddle 41 is sleeved on the first rack 40 and is rotatably connected thereto. The seedling paddle assembly also includes a third servo 19, and the third servo 19 is connected to the seedling pot paddle 41 and the servo gripper 27 to drive the seedling pot paddle 41 and the servo gripper 27 to rotate around the first rack 40; a transplanting assembly includes a second rack 42 arranged under the workbench 25, a transplanting frame 28 slidably connected to the second rack 42, and a second servo 18 connected to the transplanting frame 28, and the second servo 18 drives the transplanting frame 28 to rise and fall on the second rack 42.

[0050] Transplanting is a very important operation in the vegetable production process, which is relatively labor-intensive. With the continuous advancement of technology, the performance and functions of domestic transplanting machinery have been significantly improved, and have begun to be gradually promoted and applied. However, in actual use, the equipment cost is relatively high and the adaptability is poor. Most domestic transplanting mechanisms also complete the transplanting work through relatively complex mechanical transmission, and the structure is relatively complex. The transplanting module in this embodiment allows users to accurately control the lifting height, rotation angle, planting depth, transplanting spacing and other operating parameters of the servo gripper according to soil quality, moisture content, and crop type, and has the characteristics of strong versatility.

[0051] During operation, the carrier vehicle carries the transplanting module into the operating area, and the guide plate 26 plays a role in positioning and guiding, ensuring the accuracy of the entire transplanting process. The crops that need to be transplanted fall onto the workbench 25 along the special transplanting pot along the guide plate 26. Then, the fourth servo 20 rotates to operate the servo gripper 27 to descend and grab the potted seedlings. Then the third servo 19 drives the steering gear to rotate the servo gripper 27 and the seedling pot paddle 41. During the process, the seedling pot paddle 41 cleans the seedling pot into the recycling frame below, and the servo gripper 27 rotates to the top of the transplanting frame 28. When the appropriate angle is reached, the second servo 18 below begins to rotate, driving the transplanting frame 28 to move downward and insert it into the soil to fix the position for transplanting the seedlings. Finally, the servo gripper 27 opens, and the seedling falls into the position defined by the transplanting frame 28 below, completing a transplanting process.

[0052] The designed assembly line operates through the collaboration of various mechanical components. Users can add a seedling pot loader to the rear of the carrier vehicle carrying the transplanting module. During operation, the seedling pots on the loader are continuously and evenly transferred via guide plates to the designated positions of the transplanting module, which then begins continuous operation to transplant the seedlings. The entire assembly line is highly automated, with each component working in tandem through sophisticated mechanical coordination and a power transmission system to efficiently and accurately complete the transplanting task, improving transplanting efficiency while reducing equipment costs and labor intensity.

[0053] Please see again Figure 8 The fertilization module includes: a third frame 29 detachably connected to the first frame 1; a water tank 34 disposed above the third frame 29; and a water pump 33 disposed on the third frame 29, one end of the pump being connected to the water tank 34 and the other end of the pump being provided with a nozzle 31 connected thereto. The nozzle 31 is provided with a nozzle head at its end. The fertilization module is also provided with a fifth steering gear 32 for driving the nozzle 31 to rotate.

[0054] During operation, the third frame 29 of the fertilization module is detachably connected to the carrier vehicle, which then travels along a designated route. The sprinkler head is a specialized component of the fertilization module, connected via a servo disc and branch pipes. Its primary function is to effectively spray liquid fertilizer into the air, gradually forming fine droplets that are absorbed by crops.

[0055] Please see again Figure 9 The harvesting module includes: two synchronous components arranged relatively to each other, the positional relationship between the two components is fixed by a fixed crossbeam 38, and the two synchronous components arranged relatively to each other are used to clamp crops, with one end facing the crops being arranged at the lower end of the first frame 1, and the other end away from the crops being arranged at the upper end of the first frame 1. As the carrying vehicle moves forward, the clamped crops are subjected to an upward lifting force and are then pulled out; the synchronous component includes a third synchronous pulley 35, and a third synchronous belt 37 sleeved on the third synchronous pulley 35; the harvesting module also includes a tensioning device 36 for adjusting the clamping force of the third synchronous belt 37, which is used to drive a sixth servo 39 of the third synchronous belt 37.

[0056] When the harvesting module is operating, the sixth servo 39 rotates the third synchronous belt 37, leveraging friction between the belts to clamp the crop stems and pull the crops out. A tensioner 36 adjusts the clamping force of the third synchronous belt 37, maintaining tension and ensuring transmission stability. This allows for efficient harvesting without causing significant damage, preserving crop integrity and quality. Springs on both sides adjust the distance between the two synchronous belts, making the harvester adaptable to a wide variety of crops and highly versatile.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment provides a combined agricultural machine having a plurality of modular small agricultural machinery devices, wherein the combined agricultural machine includes at least two modular small agricultural machinery devices as described in Embodiment 1, each modular small agricultural machinery device being equipped with an operation module in an agricultural operation kit;

[0059] Two adjacent modular small agricultural machinery equipment are combined into a whole through a topological connector arranged between the two.

[0060] like Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 Provided is a combined agricultural machine having two modular small agricultural machinery equipment, the combined agricultural machine comprising a first modular small agricultural machinery equipment and a second modular small agricultural machinery equipment which are detachably connected; the first modular small agricultural machinery equipment comprises a first carrier 1 and a sowing module d mounted on the first carrier 1, the second modular small agricultural machinery equipment comprises a second carrier c and a fertilizing module e mounted on the second carrier c, the first carrier 1 and the second carrier c are connected as a whole via a topological connector b.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation thereto. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above disclosure to modify or remodel the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation, or modification of the above embodiment that does not depart from the technical content of the present invention and is based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular small agricultural machinery, characterized in that: include: A carrying vehicle, and an agricultural operation kit provided on the carrying vehicle; The carrying vehicle includes: First frame (1); Walking elements are arranged at the lower ends of the four corners of the first frame (1); and A driving assembly arranged above the first frame (1) and used for driving the walking element to move; The agricultural operation kit has multiple operation modules, including: A fertilizing module detachably connected to the first frame (1) for fertilizing crops; and / or, a harvesting module detachably connected to the first frame (1) for harvesting crops; The walking element includes: A driving rod (2), one end of which passes through the first frame (1) and is provided with a first bevel gear (15) meshingly connected to the driving assembly, and the other end of which is provided with a second bevel gear (3); A wheel support member (4) sleeved on the rod body of the driving rod (2) has a first gear (7) provided on its upper end surface; a wheel (5) rotatably connected to the wheel support (4), A third helical gear (6) is provided on the wheel support (4), and is meshedly connected with the second helical gear (3) and the wheel (5) to drive the wheel (5) to move; A first steering gear support member (8) is sleeved on the driving rod (2) and is located on the rod body of the first bevel gear (15) and the first gear (7), and is arranged at the bottom of the first frame (1); A first servo (12) is provided on the side of the first servo support (8), and an output end thereof is provided with a second gear (13) meshingly connected with the first gear (7) to change the steering direction of the wheel support (4) and thereby change the steering direction of the wheel (5).

2. A modular small agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes: An active transmission rod (14) is provided on the upper end surface of the first frame (1), and both ends of the active transmission rod (14) are provided with transmission bevel gears (16) meshingly connected with the first bevel gear (15); Two driven transmission rods (17) provided on the upper end surface of the first frame (1) are both connected to the driving transmission rod (14) through the second conveyor belt (9), and the driven transmission rod (17) is also provided with a transmission bevel gear (16) meshing with the first bevel gear (15); A motor (11) is arranged on the first frame (1) and is connected to the active transmission rod (14) via the first conveyor belt (10).

3. The modular small agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization module includes: a third frame (29) detachably connected to the first frame (1); a water tank (34) disposed above the third frame (29); A water pump (33) is provided on the third frame (29), one end of which is connected to the water tank (34), and the other end of which is provided with a nozzle (31) connected thereto.

4. A modular small agricultural machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fertilizing module is also provided with a fifth steering gear (32) for driving the nozzle (31) to rotate.

5. The modular small agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The harvesting module comprises: two synchronous components arranged relative to each other, used for clamping crops, one end facing the crops is arranged at the lower end of the first frame (1), and the other end facing away from the crops is arranged at the upper end of the first frame (1); as the carrying vehicle moves forward, the clamped crops are subjected to an upward lifting force and are then pulled out.

6. The modular small agricultural machinery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The synchronous assembly includes a third synchronous pulley (35) and a third synchronous belt (37) sleeved on the third synchronous pulley (35); the harvesting module also includes a tensioning device (36) for adjusting the clamping force of the third synchronous belt (37), and a sixth steering gear (39) for driving the third synchronous belt (37).

7. A modular agricultural machine having a plurality of modular small agricultural machinery equipment, characterized in that: The combined agricultural machine comprises at least two modular small agricultural machinery equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, each modular small agricultural machinery equipment being equipped with an operation module in an agricultural operation kit; Two adjacent modular small agricultural machinery equipment are combined into a whole through a topological connector arranged between the two.

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