Seedling clamping and conveying mechanism of pot seedling transplanter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pot seedling transplanter seedling clamping and feeding mechanism, which comprises a seedling feeding mechanism and a seedling clamping mechanism, the seedling feeding mechanism is driven by a motor and is provided with a dial, the periphery of the dial is provided with a plurality of notches, and when the notches rotate to a sensing area of a first sensor, the first sensor is driven by the first sensor. The first sensor sends a signal for stopping the motor to finish one-time seedling feeding; the seedling clamping mechanism comprises a seedling clamping cylinder rotationally mounted on the pivot, a plurality of pairs of seedling clamps are mounted on the seedling clamping cylinder, one end of the seedling clamping cylinder is connected with a signal disc, an induction part is arranged on the signal disc, and when the induction part rotates to an induction area of a second sensor, the second sensor sends out a signal for enabling the motor to rotationally feed seedlings. Mechanical seedling clamping and electric seedling feeding are adopted, the speed is high, accuracy is achieved, the structure is simple, the production cost is low, and faults are not prone to occurring during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of transplanting machines, in particular to a mechanism for delivering and clamping seedlings in pots. Background Art

[0002] In the production process of agricultural crops such as vegetables, cotton, and tobacco, seedling transplanting is an indispensable process. The use of seedling transplanting technology can increase the per-acre yield of crops, improve their ability to resist insects, drought, and saline-alkali, shorten the growth period of crops, and also facilitate the mechanization and automation of transplanting.

[0003] Currently, the more advanced seedling transplanters for vegetables (such as peppers) often use pneumatic seedling clamping devices. For example, Chinese invention patent CN107041191A discloses an integrated pneumatic seedling removal device for seedling transplanters. While this pneumatic removal device improves operational efficiency, the clamping mechanism is relatively complex and has a high failure rate. Another example is Chinese invention patent CN107852919A, which discloses a seedling removal and placement device for a seedling transplanter and a seedling removal and placement method. This device utilizes a pneumatic mechanism and controller to coordinate and deliver, clamp, place, and space seedlings. However, the pneumatic mechanism requires an air pump, which increases costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a seedling transplanter that is universally applicable to vegetables, cotton, tobacco, and other crops, offering high efficiency, reliability, and low cost.

[0004] A similar situation also occurs in transplanting rice seedlings in pots. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a seedling clamping and delivering mechanism for a pot seedling transplanter, so as to improve the efficiency and working reliability of the seedling delivering and clamping operations and reduce the cost.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A seedling-feeding mechanism of a seedling-potting transplanter comprises: a frame, a seedling-feeding mechanism and a seedling-clamping mechanism are installed on the frame; the seedling-feeding mechanism comprises a first bracket fixed to the frame, a seedling-potting tray transmission device that drives the seedling-potting tray to move is installed on the first bracket, a driving shaft of the seedling-potting tray transmission device is driven by a motor, a scale plate is provided at one end of the driven shaft of the seedling-potting tray transmission device, a plurality of notches are opened around the circumference of the scale plate, a first sensor that senses the notch is fixed to the first bracket, and when the notch rotates to the sensing area of ​​the first sensor, the first sensor sends a signal to stop the motor and end one seedling-feeding operation. the seedling clamping mechanism includes a second bracket fixed to the frame, the second bracket is fixedly provided with a pivot, the pivot is rotatably installed with a seedling clamping cylinder, the seedling clamping cylinder is connected to the ground wheel through a first transmission device, the seedling clamping cylinder is installed with multiple pairs of seedling clamps, the seedling clamping cylinder rotates one circle, and each pair of the seedling clamps successively clamps and drops a seedling in a pot; one end of the seedling clamping cylinder is connected to a signal disk, the signal disk is provided with a sensing part, the second bracket is provided with a second sensor, when the sensing part rotates one circle to the sensing area of ​​the second sensor, the second sensor sends a signal to make the motor rotate to deliver the seedlings.

[0008] Wherein, the seedling tray transmission device is a chain transmission device.

[0009] In which, the chain transmission device includes the driving shaft and the driven shaft, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are rotatably installed on the first bracket, the two ends of the driving shaft are respectively provided with a first driving sprocket and a second driving sprocket, the two ends of the driven shaft are respectively provided with a first driven sprocket and a second driven sprocket, a first chain is wound between the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket, a second chain is wound between the second driving sprocket and the second driven sprocket, and a dial rod is connected between the first chain and the second chain.

[0010] Wherein, the first bracket is equipped with a seedling tray guide rod for guiding the seedling tray to flip.

[0011] Among them, the rice clamp includes a left clamping piece and a right clamping piece, one end of the left clamping piece and the right clamping piece are respectively rotatably mounted on the cylinder wall of the seedling clamping tube through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft radially extends into the seedling clamping tube and is fixedly connected to the rice clamp support leg; the pivot is fixedly connected to a plurality of cams corresponding to the rice clamps one by one, the cams are located in the seedling clamping tube, the rice clamp support legs are elastically pressed against the cam surfaces on both sides of the cams by springs, and the cam surfaces control the opening and closing of the rice clamp by driving the rice clamp support legs to swing.

[0012] Wherein, the spring is a compression spring, and the compression spring is clamped between the left clamping piece and the right clamping piece.

[0013] Wherein, rollers are provided on the support legs of the rice clamp, and the rollers are in contact with the cam surfaces on both sides of the cam.

[0014] After the seedling clamping and delivering mechanism of the pot seedling transplanter adopts the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] The present invention discloses a seedling feeding mechanism for a pot seedling transplanter, comprising a seedling feeding mechanism and a seedling clamping mechanism. The seedling feeding mechanism is driven by a motor and is provided with a scale plate. The scale plate has multiple notches formed around the periphery. When the notches rotate to the sensing area of ​​a first sensor, the first sensor generates a signal to stop the motor and end a seedling feeding operation. Corresponding to the seedling feeding mechanism, the seedling clamping mechanism includes a seedling clamping cylinder rotatably mounted on a pivot. The seedling clamping cylinder is transmission-connected to a ground wheel via a first transmission device. The seedling clamping cylinder is equipped with multiple pairs of seedling clamps. Each rotation of the seedling clamping cylinder causes each pair of seedling clamps to sequentially clamp and drop a seedling in a pot. One end of the seedling clamping cylinder is connected to a signal plate with a sensing portion provided on the signal plate. When the sensing portion rotates one full rotation and reaches the sensing area of ​​a second sensor, the second sensor generates a signal to activate the motor to feed the seedlings. The present invention utilizes mechanical seedling clamping and electric seedling feeding, resulting in high speed and accuracy, simple structure, low production cost, and low malfunction during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a pot seedling transplanter adopting the seedling clamping and conveying mechanism of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the seedling tray;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle seedling delivery mechanism and the seedling clamping mechanism;

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle seedling clamping mechanism;

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Front view of

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0022] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at the middle BB;

[0023] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seedling planting mechanism;

[0024] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The seedling planting mechanism is shown as a front view of the structure after removing part of the third bracket;

[0025] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle part seedling planting mechanism;

[0026] In the figure: 1. Frame; 11. Ground wheel; 12. Central transmission box; 13. Soil covering transmission box; 14. Soil covering device; 15. Seedling tray frame; 16. Soil filling device; 2. Seedling feeding mechanism; 20. First bracket; 21. Driving shaft; 22. Driven shaft; 23. Motor; 24. First sensor; 25. Scale plate; 251. Notch; 26. First driving sprocket; 27. First chain; 28. Dial lever; 29. ​​Seedling tray guide rod; 3. Seedling clamping mechanism; 30. Second bracket; 31. Seedling clamping tube; 32. Pivot; 33. Signal plate; 33 1. Sensing part; 34A, left clamp; 34B, right clamp; 34C, spring; 34D, rotating shaft; 35, transmission sprocket; 36, second sensor; 37, cam; 38, seedling clamp support foot; 39, roller; 4. Seedling guide tube; 5. Seedling planting mechanism; 50, third bracket; 51, eccentric disc; 52, transplanting disc; 53, center axis; 54, centering roller; 55, hanging cup; 56A, duckbill opening and closing piece; 56B, duckbill opening and closing wheel; 56C, hanging cup shaft; 56D, hinge shaft; 57, connecting arm; 58, duckbill opening and closing convex plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a seedling transplanter is provided. A seedling delivery mechanism 2, a seedling clamping mechanism 3 and a seedling planting mechanism 5 are installed on the frame 1. The seedling clamping mechanism 3 clamps the seedlings delivered by the seedling delivery mechanism 2 and throws them into the seedling guide tube 4. The seedlings fall from the seedling guide tube 4 into the seedling planting mechanism 5. When the seedling planting mechanism 5 rotates to the appropriate position, the seedlings are planted in the soil. The seedling guide tube 4 is fixed to the frame 1. The frame 1 is also equipped with a seedling tray rack 15 for holding seedling trays. Figure 2 The main structure of the seedling transplanter is shown after the seedling tray rack 15 is removed. The power of the traction device is transmitted to the central transmission box 12, which in turn transmits the power to the soil covering transmission box 13. The soil covering transmission box 13 drives the soil covering device 14 to rotate, pressing the soil onto the plastic film. The seedling planting mechanism 5 adopts a duckbill-type seedling planting mechanism. The duckbill rotates to the lowest point and is inserted 7-8 cm into the soil. When the duckbill passes the lowest point, it opens and places the seedling in the soil. The soiling device 16 then cultivates the seedling soil. The specific structure and working principle of the duckbill-type seedling planting mechanism will be described in detail later.

[0029] Figure 3 The figure shows a seedling delivery mechanism 2 and a seedling clamping mechanism 3, which are collectively referred to as a seedling clamping mechanism or a seedling delivery mechanism for a pot seedling transplanter. Figure 3 As shown, the seedling delivery mechanism 2 includes a first bracket 20 fixed to the frame 1, and a chain transmission device for driving the seedling pot tray to move is installed on the first bracket 20. The driving shaft 21 of the chain transmission device is driven by a motor 23, and a dial 25 is provided at one end of the driven shaft 22 of the chain transmission device. A plurality of notches 251 are provided around the dial 25, and a first sensor 24 for sensing the notches 251 is fixed to the first bracket 20. When the notch 251 rotates to the sensing area of ​​the first sensor 24, the first sensor 24 sends a signal to stop the motor 23 to end one seedling delivery. The chain transmission device includes a driving shaft 21 and a driven shaft 22, which are rotatably mounted on a first bracket 20. The driving shaft 21 is provided with a first driving sprocket 26 and a second driving sprocket at both ends, and the driven shaft 22 is provided with a first driven sprocket and a second driven sprocket at both ends. A first chain 27 is wound between the first driving sprocket 26 and the first driven sprocket, and a second chain is wound between the second driving sprocket and the second driven sprocket. A dial rod 28 is connected between the first chain 27 and the second chain. The first bracket 20 is also provided with a seedling tray guide rod 29 for guiding the seedling tray to turn over. The seedling tray is composed of multiple rows of seedling holes. The dial rod 28 is stuck in the groove between two rows of seedling holes, driving the seedling tray. When the seedling tray moves to the vicinity of the driven shaft 22, the seedling tray guide rod 29 is used to guide the seedling tray to turn over. The present invention is not limited to a chain transmission device, and a crawler transmission device similar to a chain transmission device and a belt transmission device can also be used to move the seedling tray.

[0030] The seedling clamping mechanism 3 includes a second bracket 30 fixed to the frame 1. The second bracket 30 is fixedly provided with a pivot 32. The pivot 32 is rotatably mounted with a seedling clamping tube 31. The seedling clamping tube 31 is transmission-connected to the ground wheel 11 through a first transmission device.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the seedling clamp 31 is equipped with multiple pairs of seedling clamps. Each rotation of the clamp 31 causes each pair of clamps to sequentially pick up and drop a seedling from a pot. A signal disk 33 is connected to one end of the clamp 31. This disk 33 is equipped with a sensing unit 331. A second sensor 36 is mounted on the second bracket 30. When the sensing unit 331 rotates one full rotation and reaches the sensing area of ​​the second sensor 36, the second sensor 36 generates a signal that activates the motor 23 to move the seedlings. A transmission sprocket 35 is fixedly mounted on the clamp 31 and forms part of the first transmission mechanism.

[0032] like Figures 4 to 6As shown, the rice clamp includes a left clamp 34A and a right clamp 34B. One end of each of the left and right clamps 34A and 34B is pivotally mounted to the wall of the seedling clamp 31 via a rotating shaft 34D. The rotating shaft 34D extends radially into the seedling clamp 31 and is fixedly connected to a clamp support leg 38. A plurality of cams 37, each corresponding to the rice clamp, are fixedly connected to the pivot 32. The cams 37 are located within the seedling clamp 31. The clamp support legs 38 are elastically supported by cam surfaces on either side of the cams 37 via springs 34C. These cam surfaces control the opening and closing of the clamp by causing the clamp to swing. Spring 34C is a compression spring, which is clamped between the left and right clamps 34A and 34B. The clamp support legs 38 are equipped with rollers 39, which abut against the cam surfaces on either side of the cams 37 to reduce friction.

[0033] like Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the seedling planting mechanism 5 is a duckbill type seedling planting mechanism.

[0034] The duckbill seedling planting mechanism includes two transplanting discs 52, a plurality of transplanters arranged between the two transplanting discs 52, and an eccentric disc 51 arranged outside one transplanting disc 52. The two transplanting discs 52 are installed on a central shaft 53 and driven to rotate by the central shaft 53. The central shaft 53 is rotatably installed on a third bracket 50, and the third bracket 50 is fixed to the frame 1.

[0035] like Figure 10 As shown, the radial edges of the two transplanting discs 52 are respectively provided with a plurality of open shaft grooves along the circumferential direction, and the two ends of the transplanter are rotatably mounted in the open shaft grooves corresponding to the two transplanting discs 52 through the hanging cup shafts 56C; the radial edge of the eccentric disc 51 is provided with connecting arms 57 with the same number as the open shaft grooves, one end of the connecting arm 57 is rotatably connected to the eccentric disc 51, and the other end is transmission-connected to the hanging cup shaft 56C rotatably mounted in the open shaft groove of the transplanting disc 52. A central circular hole is provided, and the third bracket 50 is provided with multiple centering rollers 54. The eccentric disc 51 is rotatably supported on the multiple centering rollers 54 through the central circular hole. The central shaft 53 axially passes through the central circular hole, so that when the transplanting disc 52 rotates, the eccentric disc 51 rotates around its rotation center driven by one of the transplanting discs 52. Therefore, under the joint action of the eccentric disc 51 and the transplanting disc 52, each of the transplanters always maintains an unchanged posture and rotates downward with the transplanting disc 52.

[0036] The central shaft 53 is in transmission connection with the ground wheel 11 via a second transmission device, and the first transmission device is synchronized with the second transmission device.

[0037] The transplanter includes a hanging cup 55 and a duckbill opening and closing piece assembly, and the duckbill opening and closing piece assembly includes two symmetrical duckbill opening and closing pieces 56A. The two duckbill opening and closing pieces 56A are respectively hinged to a hinge shaft 56D and connected through a reset spring (not shown in the figure). The hinge shaft 56D radially passes through the hanging cup shaft 56C. When not driven, the two duckbill opening and closing pieces 56A are in a buckled state under the spring tension of the reset spring. The hanging cup 55 is fixed to the hanging cup shaft 56C and placed in the duckbill opening and closing piece assembly. The two duckbill opening and closing pieces are respectively provided with a duckbill opening and closing wheel 56B, and a duckbill opening and closing convex plate 58 is provided at a predetermined position on the inner side of the transplanting disc 52. When the transplanting disc 52 rotates so that the duckbill opening and closing wheel 56B contacts and moves relative to the duckbill opening and closing convex plate 58, the duckbill opening and closing convex plate 58 squeezes the duckbill opening and closing wheel 56B, thereby driving the duckbill opening and closing piece 56A to overcome the elastic tension of the return spring and open.

[0038] The duckbill opening and closing convex plate 58 is an arc-shaped plate, and the side surface of the arc-shaped plate is a boss with a gradually changing height. The boss is used to squeeze the duckbill opening and closing wheel 56B to open the duckbill opening and closing piece 56A.

[0039] The working principle of the pot seedling transplanter disclosed in this utility model is as follows:

[0040] The seedling delivery mechanism 2 is driven by a motor 23 and includes a scale plate 25. The scale plate 25 is circumferentially defined by multiple notches 251. When the notches 251 reach the sensing area of ​​a first sensor 24, the first sensor 24 signals the motor 23 to stop and terminate a seedling delivery. Corresponding to the seedling delivery mechanism 2, the seedling clamping mechanism 3 includes a seedling clamping cylinder 31 rotatably mounted on a pivot 32. The cylinder 31 is connected to the ground wheel 11 via a first transmission mechanism. Multiple pairs of seedling clamps are mounted on the cylinder 31. Each rotation of the cylinder 31 causes each pair of clamps to sequentially pick up and drop a seedling from a pot. One end of the cylinder 31 is connected to a signal plate 33 equipped with a sensor 331. When the sensor 331 reaches the sensing area of ​​a second sensor after one rotation, the second sensor 36 signals the motor 23 to rotate and deliver the seedlings. This utility model utilizes mechanical seedling clamping and electrically operated seedling delivery, resulting in fast and accurate speed, a simple structure, low production costs, and a high probability of failure during operation.

[0041] The seedling planting mechanism 5 of the present invention is a duckbill type seedling planting mechanism. Under the joint action of the eccentric disc 51 and the transplanting disc 52, each transplanter always maintains an unchanged posture and rotates downward with the transplanting disc 52. When not driven, under the spring tension of the return spring, the two duckbill opening and closing pieces 56A are in a buckled state. When the transplanting disc 52 rotates to make the duckbill opening and closing wheel 56B contact and move relative to the duckbill opening and closing convex plate 58, the duckbill opening and closing convex plate 58 squeezes the duckbill opening and closing wheel 56B, and then drives the duckbill opening and closing piece 56A to overcome the elastic tension of the return spring and open. The duckbill type seedling planting mechanism makes the pot seedling transplanter universally applicable to dryland crops such as vegetables, cotton, and tobacco.

[0042] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. The seedling conveying mechanism can also be used in combination with a seedling planting mechanism suitable for paddy field operations to form a rice seedling transplanter. All improvements based on the concept, principle, structure and method of the present invention will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seedling clamping and conveying mechanism for a pot seedling transplanter, comprising: The frame is provided with a seedling delivery mechanism and a seedling clamping mechanism; the frame is characterized in that: The seedling feeding mechanism includes a first bracket fixed to the frame, a seedling tray transmission device for driving the seedling tray to move is installed on the first bracket, a driving shaft of the seedling tray transmission device is driven by a motor, a scale plate is provided at one end of the driven shaft of the seedling tray transmission device, a plurality of notches are provided on the circumference of the scale plate, a first sensor for sensing the notches is fixed to the first bracket, and when the notch moves to the sensing area of ​​the first sensor, the first sensor sends a signal to stop the motor and end one seedling feeding; The seedling clamping mechanism includes a second bracket fixed to the frame, the second bracket is fixedly provided with a pivot, the pivot is rotatably installed with a seedling clamping tube, the seedling clamping tube is connected to the ground wheel through a first transmission device, the seedling clamping tube is installed with multiple pairs of seedling clamps, the seedling clamping tube rotates one circle, each pair of the seedling clamps successively clamps and drops a seedling in a pot; one end of the seedling clamping tube is connected to a signal disk, the signal disk is provided with a sensing part, the second bracket is provided with a second sensor, when the sensing part rotates one circle to the sensing area of ​​the second sensor, the second sensor sends a signal to make the motor rotate to deliver the seedlings.

2. The seedling clamping and conveying mechanism of the pot seedling transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling pot tray transmission device is a chain transmission device.

3. The seedling clamping and conveying mechanism of the pot seedling transplanter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chain transmission device includes the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft are rotatably mounted on the first bracket, and the first driving sprocket and the second driving sprocket are respectively provided at both ends of the driving shaft, and the first driven sprocket and the second driven sprocket are respectively provided at both ends of the driven shaft, a first chain is wound around the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket, a second chain is wound around the second driving sprocket and the second driven sprocket, and a dial rod is connected between the first chain and the second chain.

4. The seedling clamping and conveying mechanism of the pot seedling transplanter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first bracket is equipped with a seedling tray guide rod for guiding the seedling tray to flip over.

5. The seedling clamping and conveying mechanism of the pot seedling transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice clamp includes a left clamping piece and a right clamping piece, one end of the left clamping piece and the right clamping piece are respectively rotatably mounted on the cylinder wall of the seedling clamping tube through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft extends radially into the seedling clamping tube and is fixedly connected to the rice clamp support leg; the pivot is fixedly connected to a plurality of cams corresponding to the rice clamps one by one, the cams are located in the seedling clamping tube, the rice clamp support legs are elastically pressed against the cam surfaces on both sides of the cams by springs, and the cam surfaces control the opening and closing of the rice clamp by driving the rice clamp support legs to swing.

6. The seedling clamping and conveying mechanism of the pot seedling transplanter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spring is a compression spring, and the compression spring is clamped between the left clamping piece and the right clamping piece.

7. The seedling clamping and conveying mechanism of the pot seedling transplanter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rice seedling clamp support foot is provided with a roller, and the roller is in contact with the cam surfaces on both sides of the cam.

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