Accurate positioning device for machining

Abstract

The utility model provides an accurate positioning device for machining, which comprises a bottom plate, a bushing and a pin column, the bottom plate is provided with a first counterbore, the bushing is connected in the first counterbore, and the bushing is detachably connected with the bottom plate. A first through hole is formed along the axis of the lining, and the pin column is connected into the first through hole. The axial section of one end of the pin far away from the base plate is trapezoidal. When the pin column shifts, only the lining or the pin column needs to be replaced, re-punching is not needed, the loss of the bottom plate can be reduced, the production cost is reduced, straightening and centering are not needed, the positioning precision is improved, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and particularly relates to a mechanical processing precision positioning device. Background Art

[0002] During the machining process, it is usually necessary to process both the front and back sides to obtain a complete workpiece, and in order to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the parts, improve the surface quality or meet special processing requirements, it is necessary to perform rough machining of the front and back sides, semi-finishing of the front and back sides, finishing of the front and back sides, and side processing. In order to ensure that the positioning reference can be found again after disassembly and reversal, and to ensure processing accuracy, locating pins are often used as the positioning reference of the workpiece after disassembly. The traditional locating pin fixing method is to punch holes in the base plate and connect the locating pins in the holes. However, during a long processing time, the holes on the base plate are easily deformed by the cutting force transmitted by the locating pins, and when the locating pins are hit, the holes on the base plate are also easily deformed, and need to be re-drilled, causing damage to the base plate. After re-drilling, it needs to be re-aligned and re-centered, affecting processing efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, the above problems need to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of the utility model: In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the utility model provides a precise positioning device for mechanical processing. When the pin is displaced, only the bushing or the pin needs to be replaced without re-drilling. This can reduce base plate loss and production costs, eliminate the need for straightening and centering, improve positioning accuracy, and improve processing efficiency.

[0005] Technical solution: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a precise positioning device for mechanical processing, including a base plate, a bushing, and a pin. The base plate is provided with a first countersunk hole, the bushing is connected in the first countersunk hole, and the bushing and the base plate are detachably connected. A first through hole is provided along the axis of the bushing, and the pin is connected in the first through hole. The axial cross-section of the pin at one end away from the base plate is trapezoidal. The traditional locating pin connection method is to directly punch a hole in the base plate and insert the locating pin into the hole. With this connection method, during long-term use, the connection hole on the base plate is easily deformed due to impact or cutting force, resulting in deviation in product positioning, affecting processing accuracy, and even causing product scrapping. When the connection hole on the base plate is deformed, it can only be re-punched, and the locating pin is placed in the hole for re-positioning, which causes loss of the base plate and affects processing efficiency. The utility model detachably connects the bushing and the base plate in the first countersunk hole, and then connects the pin to the first through hole of the bushing. During long-term use, the force applied to the pin is transmitted to the bushing, and the bushing then transmits the force to the base plate. When the pin is subjected to a large force, since the contact area between the bushing and the base plate is larger than the contact surface between the pin and the bushing, the stress at the contact part between the pin and the bushing is greater than the stress at the contact part between the bushing and the base plate. The contact part between the pin and the bushing will first exceed the strength limit of the material and be damaged, thereby protecting the base plate. During long-term use, when the pin shifts, it only takes a new bushing or a new pin to restore the pin to its original state, providing accurate positioning for the workpiece for machining again, and improving the positioning accuracy of the pin. Only the bushing or the pin needs to be replaced, without the need to re-drill holes in the base plate, which reduces base plate loss and production costs. There is no need for straightening and centering, which improves positioning accuracy and processing efficiency. The axial cross-section of the end of the pin away from the base plate is trapezoidal, which makes it easier for the pin to extend into the positioning hole of the workpiece during the installation of the workpiece, thereby improving installation convenience and processing efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, in the aforementioned precise positioning device for machining, the first countersunk hole and the bushing are correspondingly arranged, the bushing is connected to the first countersunk hole, and the top surface of the bushing is lower than the top surface of the base plate. This design can prevent the bushing from interfering with the positioning of the product, affecting the flatness of the base plate, and preventing damage to the base plate caused by impact on the bushing.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned precise positioning device for machining, the first countersunk hole includes an upper cylindrical hole and a lower cylindrical hole, the upper cylindrical hole and the lower cylindrical hole forming a step, the surface of the step is provided with a first threaded hole, the first threaded holes are arranged around the axis of the first countersunk hole, and the bottom surface of the lower cylindrical hole is provided with a second threaded hole, the second threaded hole is located at the center of the bottom surface of the lower cylindrical hole. The bushing is detachably connected to the base plate through the first threaded hole, and the pin is detachably connected to the base plate through the second threaded hole. Bolts are inserted into the first threaded hole to detachably connect the bushing and the base plate, which can fix the bushing to the base plate, prevent the bushing from displacement, prevent the bushing from carrying the workpiece out, improve the stability of the bushing, and thereby improve the positioning accuracy of the pin.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned precise positioning device for machining, a second through-hole is provided along the axis of the pin, and the second through-hole is a countersunk hole, into which a bolt is inserted. During the machining of the workpiece, the positioning hole on the workpiece is inserted into the pin, and the pin provides positioning for the workpiece machining. In the case of large-scale machining, positioning by the pin can reduce the workpiece clamping and straightening and centering process, thereby improving machining efficiency. In order to improve the positioning accuracy of the pin, the clearance between the pin and the positioning tool on the workpiece is small. When the workpiece needs to be removed after machining, the pin is easily brought out. A bolt is inserted into the second through-hole, screwed into the second threaded hole, and the pin is connected to the base plate. This can prevent the pin from being brought out by the workpiece, thereby improving machining efficiency.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned mechanical processing precision positioning device, the first through hole is a waist hole. During use, it was found that there was a deviation in the spacing between the two positioning holes pre-processed on the workpiece, and the distance between the pins was a fixed distance, making it difficult to insert the pin into the positioning hole, affecting normal production. The first through hole was set as a waist hole, so that the pin could move in the first through hole. The diameter of the bolt inserted into the second through hole was smaller than the diameter of the second through hole. The bolt inserted into the second through hole did not need to be tightened, and it was only necessary to prevent the pin from being pulled out of the first through hole. At this time, the pin could move along the long axis direction of the first through hole. Even if there was an error in the positioning hole, the positioning hole could be inserted into the pin, and the pin was restricted along the short axis direction of the first through hole and could not move, thereby achieving adjustable positioning in the long axis direction of the first through hole and precise positioning in the short axis direction.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned precise positioning device for machining, at least one first countersunk hole is provided along the side of the base plate. The plurality of first countersunk holes enables precise positioning of the workpiece and can provide positioning for multiple workpieces, thereby clamping multiple workpieces on a single base plate for machining, thereby improving machining efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned precise positioning device for machining, connection holes are provided around the base plate, with at least one connection hole provided, and the connection holes are arranged in a grid-like array along the side of the base plate. A clamping device is connected within the connection holes to clamp the workpiece against the top surface of the base plate, preventing the workpiece from moving during machining and ensuring machining quality.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned precise positioning device for machining, the base plate is provided with two or more second countersunk holes, arranged in an array along the center of the base plate. During use, bolts are inserted into the second countersunk holes to secure the base plate to the machine tool worktable, preventing movement of the base plate during machining and ensuring machining quality.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned mechanical processing precision positioning device, the bushing and the pin are heat treated to improve the hardness, strength, toughness and wear resistance of the bushing and the pin, avoid deformation caused by excessive cutting force during processing, and increase service life.

[0014] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, when the pin is displaced, only the bushing or the pin needs to be replaced without re-drilling the base plate, which reduces the loss of the base plate and reduces the production cost. There is no need to re-align and re-center the pin, which improves the positioning accuracy and processing efficiency. The axial cross-section of the pin away from the base plate is trapezoidal, which makes it easier to insert the pin into the positioning hole of the workpiece, improves the convenience of installation, and improves the processing efficiency. The first through hole is set as a waist hole to ensure that the pin can move along the long axis direction of the first through hole. Even if there is an error in the positioning hole, the pin can be inserted, and the pin is restricted along the short axis direction of the first through hole and cannot move, so that the positioning in the long axis direction is adjustable and the short axis direction of the first through hole is precisely positioned. Heat treatment is performed on the bushing and the pin to improve the hardness, strength, toughness and wear resistance of the bushing and the pin, thereby increasing the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the mechanical processing precision positioning device of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the bushing

[0017] Figure 3 is a top view of the base plate;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The AA sectional view is shown;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the pin structure;

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the bushing structure.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Base plate, 11. First countersunk hole, 111. Upper cylindrical hole, 112. Lower cylindrical hole, 113. Step, 114. First threaded hole, 115. Second threaded hole, 31. Second through hole, 12. Connecting hole, 13. Second countersunk hole, 2. Bushing, 21. First through hole, 3. Pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figure 1-2 The device for precise positioning in machining shown in the figure includes a base plate 1, a bushing 2, and a pin 3. The base plate 1 is provided with a first countersunk hole 11, into which the bushing 2 is connected, and the bushing 2 and base plate 1 are detachably connected. A first through-hole 21 is provided along the axis of the bushing 2, into which the pin 3 is connected. The axial cross-section of the pin 3 at the end away from the base plate 1 is trapezoidal. Two or more first countersunk holes 11 are provided along the side of the base plate 1. Connecting holes 12 are provided around the base plate 1, with two or more connecting holes 12 arranged in a grid-like array along the side of the base plate 1. The base plate 1 is provided with two or more second countersunk holes 13, which are arranged in an array along the center of the base plate 1. The bushing 2 and the pin 3 are heat treated. The first countersunk hole 11 and the bushing 2 are correspondingly provided, and the bushing 2 is connected to the first countersunk hole 11. The top surface of the bushing 2 is lower than the top surface of the base plate 1.

[0024] The utility model connects the bushing 2 and the base plate 1 detachably in the first countersunk hole 11, and then connects the pin 3 to the first through hole 21 of the bushing 2. Then place the base plate 1 on the workbench of the equipment, insert a bolt into the second countersunk hole 13, and fix the base plate 1 to the workbench. Place the workpiece with positioning holes punched in advance on the surface of the base plate 1, and there are at least 2 or more positioning holes. Insert at least two pins 3 into at least two positioning holes of the workpiece to complete the positioning. Then connect the clamping device to the connecting hole 12 to clamp the workpiece. Then you can start processing. During a long processing process, the pin 3 is displaced due to the influence of cutting force or impact. Check the bushing 2 and the pin 3. If the bushing 2 is damaged, remove the bushing 2 and replace it with a new bushing 2. If the pin 3 is damaged, replace it with a new pin 3 to restore the pin 3 to its original state. After replacement, the workpiece does not need to be re-aligned and re-centered.

[0025] like Figure 3-4In the illustrated machining precision positioning device, the first countersunk hole 11 includes an upper cylindrical hole 111 and a lower cylindrical hole 112. The upper cylindrical hole 111 and the lower cylindrical hole 112 form a step 113. The surface of the step 113 is provided with a first threaded hole 114, which is arranged around the axis of the first countersunk hole 11. The bottom surface of the lower cylindrical hole 112 is provided with a second threaded hole 115, which is located at the center of the bottom surface of the lower cylindrical hole 112. The bushing 2 is detachably connected to the base plate 1 through the first threaded hole 114, and the pin 3 is detachably connected to the base plate 1 through the second threaded hole 115. A bolt is inserted into the first threaded hole 114 to detachably connect the bushing 2 and the base plate 1.

[0026] like Figure 5 In the shown mechanical processing precision positioning device, the pin 3 is provided with a second through hole 31 along the axis. The second through hole 31 is a countersunk hole, and a bolt is inserted into the second through hole 31 .

[0027] Example 2

[0028] like Figure 6 The illustrated mechanical machining precision positioning device differs from Example 1 in that the first through-hole 21 is configured as a waist hole. When the diameter of the bolt inserted into the second through-hole 31 is smaller than the diameter of the second through-hole 31, there is a gap between the bolt and the second through-hole 31. The bolt does not need to be tightened, and the only requirement is to prevent the pin 3 from being pulled out of the first through-hole 21. At this time, the pin 3 can move along the long axis of the first through-hole 21. Even if there is an error in the positioning hole, the positioning hole can be inserted into the pin 3. The pin 3 is also restricted along the short axis of the first through-hole 21 and cannot move, achieving one-way precision positioning.

[0029] The above embodiments are illustrative and intended to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention and implement it accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications based on the spirit of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precise positioning device for machining, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base plate (1), a bushing (2), and a pin (3); the base plate (1) is provided with a first countersunk hole (11); the bushing (2) is connected in the first countersunk hole (11); the bushing (2) and the base plate (1) are detachably connected; a first through hole (21) is provided along the axis of the bushing (2); the pin (3) is connected in the first through hole (21); and the axial cross-section of the pin (3) at one end away from the base plate (1) is trapezoidal.

2. The precise positioning device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first countersunk hole (11) and the bushing (2) are arranged accordingly, the bushing (2) is connected to the first countersunk hole (11), and the top surface of the bushing (2) is lower than the top surface of the base plate (1).

3. The precise positioning device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first countersunk hole (11) comprises an upper cylindrical hole (111) and a lower cylindrical hole (112), wherein the upper cylindrical hole (111) and the lower cylindrical hole (112) form a step (113), wherein a first threaded hole (114) is provided on the surface of the step (113), wherein the first threaded hole (114) is arranged around the axis of the first countersunk hole (11), and a second threaded hole (115) is provided on the bottom surface of the lower cylindrical hole (112), wherein the second threaded hole (115) is located at the center of the bottom surface of the lower cylindrical hole (112); the bushing (2) is detachably connected to the base plate (1) via the first threaded hole (114), and the pin (3) is detachably connected to the base plate (1) via the second threaded hole (115).

4. The precise positioning device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin (3) is provided with a second through hole (31) along the axis, the second through hole (31) is a countersunk hole, and a bolt is inserted into the second through hole (31).

5. The precise positioning device for machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first through hole (21) is a waist hole.

6. The precise positioning device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two or more first countersunk holes (11) are provided along the side of the bottom plate (1).

7. The precise positioning device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting holes (12) are provided around the bottom plate (1), two or more connecting holes (12) are provided, and the connecting holes (12) are arranged in a grid array along the side of the bottom plate (1).

8. The precise positioning device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) is provided with second countersunk holes (13), two or more second countersunk holes (13) are provided, and the second countersunk holes (13) are arranged in an array along the center of the bottom plate (1).

9. The precise positioning device for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bushing (2) and the pin (3) are heat treated.

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