Battery pack locking device for battery replacement vehicle and electric vehicle

Abstract

A battery pack locking device for a battery changing vehicle and an electric vehicle, the battery pack locking device comprises a wrapping and locking part arranged on a battery pack mounting rack and a vehicle lock part arranged on a vehicle body framework, the wrapping and locking part comprises a lock pin fixedly connected with the battery pack mounting rack, and the end of the lock pin is provided with a lock block; the bicycle lock part comprises a lock disc rotationally installed on the bicycle body framework and a driving mechanism used for driving the lock disc to rotate, and a lock hole allowing the lock block to penetrate through is formed in the lock disc. According to the utility model, the lock disc rotatably arranged on the vehicle body framework is matched with the lock pin fixedly arranged on the battery pack mounting frame, and the locking and unlocking of the battery pack are realized by rotating the lock disc, so that the lock pin is used as a key connecting piece for bearing the battery pack mounting frame and the vehicle body framework without rotating, and the rigid structure of the lock pin is firmer; the supporting force on the battery pack mounting rack is better, and the reliability is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery replacement for heavy trucks, and in particular to a battery pack locking device for a battery replacement vehicle and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of battery swapping technology, the battery swapping method for electric heavy-duty trucks has gradually evolved from a rear-mounted battery swapping method in which the battery pack is placed behind the cab and hoisted from above to the frame beam, to a bottom-mounted battery swapping method in which the battery pack is placed at the bottom of the frame beam and installed from below the frame to the frame beam. Bottom-mounted battery swapping has the advantages of a low center of gravity for the entire vehicle and the ability to configure a battery pack with a larger capacity, and is currently receiving widespread attention from automakers. In order to achieve rapid locking and separation of the battery pack and the vehicle body, bottom-mounted battery swapping usually uses the battery swapping equipment in the battery swapping station to lock and unlock the locking structures such as bolts or clips of the battery pack. The battery swapping equipment requires a mechanism to lift the battery pack to the installation position and also requires a device to operate the locking mechanism, which makes the battery swapping equipment complex and costly, and generally requires digging a deep trench for installation.

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, in the relevant technology, a locking mechanism of a pure electric heavy-duty truck battery exchange system is disclosed with publication number CN113043905A. The invention includes a vehicle-mounted battery exchange base and a battery exchange battery box assembly. The battery exchange battery box assembly is provided with a plurality of locking bases for connecting and fixing with the vehicle-mounted battery exchange base, and the locking base is provided with a waist-shaped locking slot; the vehicle-mounted battery exchange base is provided with a plurality of knob-type locking pins respectively used to match and fix with the corresponding locking bases, and the knob-type locking pins are connected to a driving part for driving rotation.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned existing technical solution realizes the installation of the vehicle-mounted battery swap base and the battery swap battery box assembly at the vehicle end of the battery swap vehicle, and the driving part installed on the body of the battery swap vehicle drives the locking pin to lock and unlock the battery pack of the vehicle, thereby avoiding the complex problems of the power drive device and transmission device brought about by the station-end driven battery swap, and reducing the difficulty and cost of the construction of the battery swap station site, it still has the following defects: the invention adopts a knob-type locking pin, which is the key connecting part between the battery pack mounting frame and the vehicle body, and the battery pack locking and unlocking action of the invention is realized by the activity of the locking pin, resulting in the locking pin and the battery pack frame cannot be fixedly connected, and can only be a rotatable connection method, so its rigid connection structure with the battery pack frame is not stable and reliable enough. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle and an electric vehicle, comprising a pack locking portion provided on a battery pack mounting frame and a vehicle lock portion provided on a vehicle body frame; the pack locking portion comprises a locking pin, which is fixedly connected to the battery pack mounting frame, and a locking block is provided at the end of the locking pin; the vehicle lock portion comprises a lock disk rotatably mounted on the vehicle body frame, and a driving mechanism for driving the lock disk to rotate, the lock disk being provided with a lock hole for the lock block to pass through.

[0007] Furthermore, a vehicle lock mounting plate is provided between the lock disk and the vehicle body frame, the lock disk is provided with several cylinders, and the vehicle body frame is provided with at least one arc-shaped slide groove for matching the cylinders; or several cylinders are provided on the vehicle body frame, and the lock disk is provided with at least one arc-shaped slide groove for matching the cylinders, and the diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the width of the arc-shaped slide groove, so that the lock disk can rotate relatively around the vehicle lock mounting plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the lock plate is provided with a receiving groove that matches the shape and size of the lock block, and the receiving groove is arranged alternately with the lock hole. Specifically, the receiving groove is provided on the upper surface of the lock plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the boundary of the receiving groove is provided with a rounded chamfer to facilitate the locking block to fall into the receiving groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the lock plate is a driven gear, the driven gear is engaged with a driving gear, and the driving gear is arranged at the output end of the driving mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame via a bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, the shape and size of the lock hole match the shape and size of the lock block, and the shape of the lock block is a triangle, a rectangle, a reminder, a diamond, a star, or an irregular shape.

[0013] An electric vehicle is provided with a battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle as described in any one of the above items; the electric vehicle is provided with a battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle as described in any one of the above items; a fixing block is provided at the lower end of the locking pin, a locking rod is provided between the fixing block and the locking block, the fixing block is fixed to the lower surface of the battery pack mounting frame through a locking pin mounting plate, the locking rod and the locking block of the locking pin pass through the battery pack mounting frame and the vehicle body frame, and the upper surface of the battery pack mounting frame is tightly fitted with the lower surface of the vehicle body frame.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects produced by the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The utility model provides a rotatable lock disk on the vehicle body frame, which cooperates with a lock pin fixedly provided on the battery pack mounting frame. The battery pack is unlocked and locked by rotating the lock disk. The lock pin serves as a key connecting member between the battery pack mounting frame and the vehicle body frame. It does not need to be rotated. The lock pin is fixedly connected to the battery pack mounting frame and the vehicle body frame and is not rotatable. Its rigid structure is more solid, provides better support for the battery pack mounting frame, and is more reliable.

[0016] 2. The utility model locks and unlocks the battery pack by rotating the lock disk provided on the vehicle body frame. The lock disk is provided with a lock hole and a receiving groove that cooperate with the lock block of the lock pin. When the vehicle body is bumpy during driving, the radial force that may be generated between the lock block and the lock disk is borne by the lock disk and the lock block. The receiving groove on the lock disk can limit the relative displacement of the lock block in the horizontal direction to avoid the pin coming off. At the same time, the force of the lock pin displacement will not affect the drive mechanism, so that the drive mechanism maintains a better state and has a longer service life.

[0017] 3. The utility model has a simpler structure and is easier to assemble, which can reduce production costs, shorten assembly cycles, and improve economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the battery pack locking portion and the battery pack mounting frame of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the vehicle lock part and the vehicle body frame of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the lock pin of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the lock pin mounting plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a top view of the driven gear of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a bottom view of the driven gear of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the vehicle lock mounting plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery pack locking device of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, the numbers in the figure are:

[0028] The locking portion 100, the locking pin 110, the locking block 111, the locking rod 112, the fixing portion 113, and the locking pin mounting plate 120;

[0029] The car lock part 200, the driving gear 210, the driven gear 220, the lock hole 221, the arc-shaped sliding groove 222, and the receiving groove 223,

[0030] Driving mechanism 230, car lock mounting plate 240, cylinder 241, through hole 242;

[0031] Vehicle body frame 300 , battery pack mounting frame 310 , and bracket 320 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "inside" and "outside" appear to indicate orientation or positional relationships, they are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 A battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle and an electric vehicle, wherein a vehicle lock portion is provided on the vehicle body frame 300 of the electric vehicle, and a pack locking portion 100 is provided on the battery pack mounting frame 310 of the electric vehicle. The pack locking portion 100 includes a locking pin 110 fixedly connected to the battery pack mounting frame 310, and a locking block 111 is provided at the end of the locking pin 110. Specifically, in this embodiment, the locking pin 110 is formed as an integral part of a locking block 111, a locking rod 112, and a fixing portion 113 from top to bottom. The shape of the locking block 111 can be a triangle, or one of a rectangle, a trapezoid, a diamond, a star, or other non-circular irregular shapes; the locking rod 112 passes through the battery pack mounting frame 310, and the fixing portion 113 is fixedly connected to the battery pack mounting frame 310 through a locking pin mounting plate 120, and the locking pin mounting plate 120 is provided with a through hole 121 for the locking rod 112 to pass through.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9The vehicle lock portion includes a lock disk rotatably arranged on the vehicle body frame 300, and a driving mechanism 230 for driving the lock disk to rotate. The lock disk is provided with a lock hole 221 for the lock block 111 to pass through, and is also provided with a receiving groove 223 that matches the shape and size of the lock block 111; the shape and size of the lock hole 221 match the shape and size of the lock block 111, the receiving groove 223 and the lock hole 221 are staggered, and the boundary of the receiving groove 223 is provided with a rounded chamfer, which can facilitate the lock block to fall into the receiving groove 223. In this embodiment, the shape of the lock block 111 is preferably rectangular, and the depth of the receiving groove 223 is 2mm. Specifically, the lock disk is a driven gear 220, and the driving mechanism 230 drives the driven gear 220 to rotate by providing a driving gear 210 meshing with the driven gear 220 at the output end, and cooperates with the lock block 111 to achieve unlocking and locking of the battery pack mounting bracket 310. In this embodiment, the locking block 111 is rectangular, with the receiving slot 223 and the locking hole 221 intersecting perpendicularly. When the battery pack is locked, the locking block 111 and the locking rod 112 of the locking pin 110 pass through the locking hole 221 of the driven gear 220, rotate 90 degrees, and then fall into the receiving slot 223, securing the battery pack. The drive mechanism 230 of this embodiment is preferably a commonly available stepper motor, fixed to the vehicle body frame 300 via a bracket 320.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 A lock mounting plate 240 is provided between the driven gear 220 and the vehicle body frame 300. The lock mounting plate 240 has a through-hole 242 for the lock pin 110 to pass through. Several cylinders 241 can be provided on the lock mounting plate 240, and arcuate grooves 222 can be provided on the driven gear 220 to accommodate the cylinders 241 during rotation. Alternatively, the cylinders 241 can be provided on the driven gear 220, with corresponding arcuate grooves 222 provided on the lock mounting plate 240. The former is preferred in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the cylinders 241 have a diameter of no less than 5 mm and a height of no less than 5 mm to ensure sufficient structural strength. Specifically, the lower surface of the lock mounting plate 240 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body frame 300. Two raised cylindrical bodies 241 are provided on the upper surface of the lock mounting plate 240. Arc-shaped slots 222, which cooperate with the cylindrical bodies 241, are provided on the lower surface of the driven gear 220 where it contacts the lock mounting plate 240. The diameter of the cylindrical bodies 241 is slightly smaller than the width of the arc-shaped slots 222, allowing the driven gear 220 to rotate relative to the lock mounting plate 240. The arc-shaped slots 222 have an arc angle of 90°, limiting the rotational angle of the driven gear 220 relative to the lock mounting plate 240 to within ±90°.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 9 In this embodiment, the lock pin mounting plate 120 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the battery pack mounting frame 310, and the fixing portion 113 of the lock pin 110 is fixedly mounted below the lock pin mounting plate 120 by bolts. The locking rod 112 and the locking block 111 of the lock pin 110 pass through the battery pack mounting frame 310 and the vehicle body frame 300. The upper surface of the battery pack mounting frame 310 is tightly fitted with the lower surface of the vehicle body frame 300, and the vehicle lock mounting plate 240 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the vehicle body frame 300 by welding or screwing. The battery pack mounting frame 310 and the vehicle body frame 300 are respectively provided with openings (not marked in the figure), which are consistent with the opening size of the lock hole 221 of the driven gear 220, the through hole 242 of the vehicle lock mounting plate 240, and the through hole 121 of the lock pin mounting plate 120. The centers of the holes are in a straight line along the height direction. The locking pin 110 can pass through these holes and penetrate the battery pack mounting frame 310 and the vehicle body frame 300 to reach the locked position. The connection relationship is firm, reliable and highly stable.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 9 , During the battery swapping process of the battery swapping vehicle, the battery pack is first transported to the battery swapping position corresponding to the vehicle body, the lifting mechanism of the battery swapping trolley AGV lifts the battery pack upward, and the pack locking part 100 installed on the battery pack is moved upward, and the locking pin 110 of the pack locking part 100 is inserted into the vehicle body frame 300, the through hole 242 of the vehicle lock mounting plate 240 and the lock hole 221 of the driven gear 220. After reaching the highest position in the height direction, the driving mechanism 230 drives the driving gear 210 to rotate, driving the driven gear 220 meshing with the driving gear 210 to rotate 90° around the vehicle lock mounting plate 240, and the receiving groove 223 of the driven gear is turned to the locking position corresponding to the shape of the lock block 111. The lifting mechanism of the battery swapping trolley AGV slowly moves downward, and the lock block 111 enters the receiving groove 223 of the driven gear 220. The weight of the battery pack makes the lock block 111 stuck in the receiving groove 223 and cannot be loosened, completing the locking action of the battery pack. When unlocking, the lifting mechanism of the battery-swap AGV moves upward, pushing the battery pack upward. After reaching the highest position in the height direction, the driving mechanism 230 drives the active gear 210 to rotate and drives the driven gear 220 to rotate 90° in the opposite direction around the vehicle lock mounting plate 240, until the lock hole 221 corresponds to the unlocking position of the lock block 111. The lifting mechanism slowly moves downward, and the locking pin 110 moves downward through the lock hole 221, the through hole 242 and the vehicle body frame 300 to reach the position where the battery-swap AGV is allowed to move horizontally, completing the unlocking action of the battery pack.

[0039] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack locking device for a battery swap vehicle, comprising a battery pack locking portion provided on a battery pack mounting frame and a vehicle locking portion provided on a vehicle body frame, characterized in that: The pack locking part includes a locking pin fixedly connected to the battery pack mounting frame, and a locking block is provided at the end of the locking pin; the vehicle locking part includes a locking disk rotatably mounted on the vehicle body frame and a driving mechanism for driving the locking disk to rotate, and the locking disk is provided with a locking hole for the locking block to pass through.

2. A battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vehicle lock mounting plate is provided between the lock disk and the vehicle body frame, the lock disk is provided with several cylinders, and the vehicle lock mounting plate is provided with at least one arc-shaped slide groove for matching the cylinders; or the vehicle lock mounting plate is provided with several cylinders, and the lock disk is provided with at least one arc-shaped slide groove for matching the cylinders; the diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the width of the arc-shaped slide groove.

3. The battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock plate is provided with a receiving groove that matches the shape and size of the lock block, and the receiving groove and the lock hole are arranged in a staggered manner.

4. A battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boundary of the receiving groove is provided with a round chamfer.

5. The battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock plate is a driven gear, and the driven gear is engaged with a driving gear, and the driving gear is arranged at the output end of the driving mechanism.

6. The battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame via a bracket.

7. The battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape and size of the lock hole match the shape and size of the lock block, and the shape of the lock block is triangle, rectangle, trapezoid, diamond or star.

8. An electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body frame and a battery pack mounting frame, characterized in that: The electric vehicle is provided with a battery pack locking device for a battery-swap vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 above; a fixed block is provided at the lower end of the locking pin, a locking rod is provided between the fixed block and the locking block, the fixed block is fixed to the lower surface of the battery pack mounting frame through a locking pin mounting plate, the locking rod and the locking block of the locking pin pass through the battery pack mounting frame and the vehicle body frame, and the upper surface of the battery pack mounting frame is tightly fitted with the lower surface of the vehicle body frame.

Images