Overflow type flexible floodway

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spill type flexible floodway which comprises two flow guide wing walls which are arranged along the downstream face of a water retaining dam in a bilateral symmetry mode, a protective layer cloth liner located between the two flow guide wing walls is laid on the downstream face of the water retaining dam, and a plurality of water stopping energy dissipation ridges are evenly arranged between the two flow guide wing walls at intervals from top to bottom. And an anti-impact gabion net gabion filled with riprap is arranged at the lower port of the flexible flood discharge channel. In the flood prevention and control process of small and medium-sized reservoirs, the device is easy to construct and high in reliability, achieves the defense purpose of rapid flood discharge of over-standard flood of the small and medium-sized reservoirs, ensures flood prevention and flood discharge safety of the reservoirs, and ensures that the dam body is intact. The buoyancy dam, the protective layer cloth liner and the waterproof canvas are all disposable, the supports (the water retaining supports, the water retaining rods, the flow guide supports, the flow guide supporting rods, the transverse pressing rods and the longitudinal pressing rods) can be recycled, and the cost of one-time emergency rescue is low. And large-scale popularization and application can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of emergency flood discharge of water conservancy facilities, and particularly relates to an overflowing flexible flood discharge channel. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the development of my country's economy and the country's emphasis on flood prevention and rescue technologies, small and medium-sized reservoir dams have adopted new emergency water retaining sub-dikes during flood season. Emergency water retaining sub-dikes have gradually evolved from traditional earthen dams to composite structures of steel structures, rubber bodies, and new chemical materials. However, emergency water retaining sub-dikes do not have matching spillways, which poses a serious safety hazard. Once an excessive flood occurs during the summer flood season, it is prone to overflowing. The flood prevention and rescue environment requires that emergency rescue methods be as simple, fast, and efficient as possible; they should be as easy to operate as possible, minimize labor intensity, and be as cost-effective as possible. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design and improve the spillway structure of existing emergency water retaining sub-dikes. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides an overflowing flexible spillway which has a simple structure, is easy to install, has high safety and reliability, and has substantially no impact on the dam body during flood discharge.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: an overflowing flexible spillway, comprising two left-right symmetrical diversion wing walls arranged along the back water surface of the retaining dam, a protective layer of cloth located between the two diversion wing walls is laid on the back water surface of the retaining dam, a number of water-retaining energy dissipation ridges are evenly spaced from top to bottom between the two diversion wing walls, and an anti-collision gabion net stone cage equipped with riprap is provided at the lower port of the flexible spillway.

[0005] Each diversion wing wall includes a number of diversion supports arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the back water surface of the dam. Each diversion support is fixed to the back water surface of the dam by a positioning steel drill inserted into the dam. A diversion support rod is vertically provided on each diversion support. A transverse pressure rod pressed on the protective layer cloth is fixed on each diversion support in the horizontal direction. A longitudinal pressure rod is provided at the inner end of the transverse pressure rod. An L-shaped diversion cloth is provided between the top of the transverse pressure rod and the inner side of the diversion support rod. The upper part of the L-shaped diversion cloth is fixedly connected to the diversion support rod. The right side of the L-shaped diversion cloth of the left diversion wing wall and the left side of the L-shaped diversion cloth of the right diversion wing wall are connected as a whole by a cable.

[0006] A connecting ring is provided on the upper outer part of the diversion support rod. All the connecting rings on the left side and all the connecting rings on the right side are connected in series through a steel cable. The top end of each steel cable is connected to an anchor pile, which is implanted into the top surface of the dam.

[0007] A rectangular long groove is excavated along the length direction of the front side of the top face of the retaining dam. The front side of the protective layer pad is arranged in the rectangular long groove along the inner wall of the rectangular long groove. The protective layer pad is filled with pressed gravel in the rectangular long groove.

[0008] Each water-retaining energy dissipation sill includes a waterproof canvas arranged above the horizontal part of the L-shaped diversion cloth. The waterproof canvas is an isosceles trapezoid that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The upper side of the waterproof canvas is bent and fixed to the transverse pressure rod and the longitudinal pressure rod by screws and T-shaped pressure plates, and the lower side of the waterproof canvas is bent upward and connected to the diversion support rod through a suspension rope; in two adjacent water-retaining energy dissipation sills, the lower end of the waterproof canvas of the upper water-retaining energy dissipation sill covers the upper end of the lower water-retaining energy dissipation sill.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0010] 1) A buoyancy dam is used to construct an emergency flood-retaining sub-dike atop a small or medium-sized reservoir dam. The sub-dike's height is ≤1.0 meter, and its water-retaining height is ≤0.8 meter, thereby increasing the dam's overall height. A spillway is reserved at an appropriate location on the sub-dike, with the upper ends of the two diversion wing walls of the utility model docking with the spillway. Two flood dams are constructed on the dam slope (the backside of the dam), on either side of the geotextile protective layer, to serve as diversion wing walls for a temporary spillway, ensuring the safe discharge of floodwaters overflowing from the dam.

[0011] 2) When the floodwater overflowing from the reservoir flows down the emergency spillway, it has a strong impact and pulling effect on the diversion wing walls on both sides of the spillway and the protective layer mat at the bottom. Therefore, the anti-scouring and stability design of the wing walls on both sides of the spillway and the protective layer mat at the bottom is of paramount importance to whether the entire flexible spillway can safely discharge floodwater.

[0012] Anti-scour and stability design of the diversion wing walls on both sides of the flexible spillway and the protective layer mat at the bottom:

[0013] First, dig a trench along the length of the dam at the mouth of the spillway (flood discharge outlet), bury the front end of the protective layer pad in the trench to ensure the stability of the upper part of the protective layer pad.

[0014] Second, when constructing an emergency spillway on the dam slope of the reservoir, press the water retaining bearings, transverse pressure rods and longitudinal pressure rods on the left and right sides of the protective layer pad, and use steel chisels to penetrate the protective layer pad to fix it.

[0015] Third, use cables to connect the L-shaped guide cloth on the left and the L-shaped guide cloth on the right accordingly and tighten them, just like threading shoelaces, so that the L-shaped guide cloths on the left and right sides are connected into one.

[0016] Fourth, an anchor pile is constructed on each side of the flexible spillway at the top of the dam. A steel cable is used to connect the diversion support rods on each side and anchor them on the anchor piles at the top of the dam, so that all the diversion support rods remain perpendicular to the dam slope.

[0017] Through the above four measures, it is ensured that the emergency flexible spillway can defend against the impact of the overflowing flood on the diversion wing wall and the bottom protective layer mat, thereby ensuring the safe and smooth completion of the overflow discharge of the reservoir.

[0018] 3) If floodwaters flow down the flexible spillway without any obstruction, their speed will accelerate. If the reservoir dam is high, the water flowing down to the dam bottom may reach a velocity of more than ten meters per second, which will have a significant impact and damage. This requires the construction of a solid energy dissipation system at the bottom of the spillway, which requires a large investment. If several barrier dams are added during the flood flow to slow the flow rate, the destructive effect of the water flow will be greatly reduced, thereby correspondingly reducing the investment in the energy dissipation system. To this end, the present invention designs a spillway "Yongshui Energy Dissipation Sill".

[0019] The Yongshui energy dissipation dam is an isosceles trapezoidal waterproof canvas. The upper side is pressed on the transverse and longitudinal pressure bars with screws and T-shaped pressure plates. The lower side is bent upward and hung on the upper part of the diversion support rod with a rope. The lower part of the waterproof canvas forms a flexible pocket-shaped Yongshui dam, which delays the discharge of water and reduces the destructive effects of floods.

[0020] After passing through the process of multiple levels of water retention and water drops in the water energy dissipation sill, the kinetic energy of the discharged water will be greatly weakened. When it reaches the bottom of the spillway, its flow rate is only 25% of the smooth discharge. Compared with the smooth discharge, the energy dissipation project at the bottom of the spillway can be greatly simplified. Only simple anti-collision gabion net stone cages are needed to meet safety needs, and the project investment can also be greatly reduced.

[0021] In summary, this new device is easy to construct and highly reliable for flood control and relief in small and medium-sized reservoirs. It achieves the goal of rapidly discharging excessive floodwaters from small and medium-sized reservoirs, ensuring the safety of reservoir flood control and flood discharge while preserving the integrity of the dam. The buoyancy dam, protective layer mat, and waterproof canvas in this new device are all disposable, while the supports (water retaining support, water retaining rod, diversion support, diversion support rod, transverse and longitudinal compression rods) are reusable, resulting in low single-use emergency response costs. This device is suitable for large-scale deployment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional diagram of the flexible spillway;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the water-dissipating sill after removing the L-shaped guide cloth;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the waterproof canvas fixed on the transverse pressure rod and the longitudinal pressure rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the overflowing flexible spillway of the present invention includes two left-right symmetrical diversion wing walls 10 arranged along the back water surface of the retaining dam 1, a protective layer pad 11 is laid on the back water surface of the retaining dam 1 between the two diversion wing walls 10, and a number of water-retaining energy dissipation ridges 4 are evenly spaced from top to bottom between the two diversion wing walls 10. An anti-collision gabion mesh stone cage 5 equipped with riprap is provided at the lower port of the flexible spillway.

[0028] Each diversion wing wall 10 includes a number of diversion supports 12 arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the back water surface of the water retaining dam 1, each diversion support 12 is fixed on the back water surface of the water retaining dam 1 by a positioning steel drill 13 inserted into the water retaining dam 1, and each diversion support 12 is vertically provided with a diversion support rod 14, and each diversion support 12 is fixed with a transverse pressure rod 15 pressed on the protective layer pad 11 in the horizontal direction, and a longitudinal pressure rod 16 is provided at the inner end of the transverse pressure rod 15. An L-shaped diversion cloth 17 is provided between the top of the transverse pressure rod 15 and the inner side of the diversion support rod 14, and the upper part of the L-shaped diversion cloth 17 is fixedly connected to the diversion support rod 14, and the right side of the L-shaped diversion cloth 17 of the left diversion wing wall 10 and the left side of the L-shaped diversion cloth 17 of the right diversion wing wall 10 are connected as a whole by a cable 18. The L-shaped guide cloth 17 on the left is connected to the buoyancy dam 9 on the left side of the flood discharge outlet 3 , and the L-shaped guide cloth 17 on the right side is connected to the buoyancy dam 9 on the right side of the flood discharge outlet 3 .

[0029] A connecting ring 19 is provided on the upper outer part of the guide support rod 14. All the connecting rings 19 on the left side and all the connecting rings 19 on the right side are connected in series through a steel cable 20. The top end of each steel cable 20 is connected to an anchor pile 21, which is implanted into the top surface of the dam 1.

[0030] A rectangular long groove 22 is excavated along the length direction of the front side of the retaining dam 1, and the front side of the protective layer pad 11 is arranged in the rectangular long groove 22 along the inner wall of the rectangular long groove 22. The protective layer pad 11 is filled with cloth-pressed gravel in the rectangular long groove 22.

[0031] Each water-retaining energy dissipation sill 4 includes a waterproof canvas 23 arranged above the horizontal part of the L-shaped guide cloth 17. The waterproof canvas 23 is an isosceles trapezoid that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The upper side of the waterproof canvas 23 is bent and fixedly pressed onto the transverse pressure rod 15 and the longitudinal pressure rod 16 by screws 24 and T-shaped pressure plates 25. The lower side of the waterproof canvas 23 is bent upward and connected to the guide support rod 14 by a suspension rope 26. In two adjacent water-retaining energy dissipation sills 4, the lower end of the waterproof canvas 23 of the upper water-retaining energy dissipation sill 4 covers the upper end of the water-retaining energy dissipation sill 4 located at the lower part.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0033] 1) On top of a small or medium-sized reservoir dam 1, on either side of the upper spillway outlet 3 at the flexible spillway, an emergency flood retaining sub-dike 2 is constructed using buoyant dams 9. The sub-dike 2 is ≤1.0 meter high and has a water retaining height ≤0.8 meter, thereby increasing the overall height of the dam 1. On the reservoir slope (the backside of the dam 1), two dams 1 are constructed on either side of a geotextile protective mat 11, serving as diversion wing walls 10 for the temporary spillway. This ensures the safe discharge of floodwaters overflowing from the dam 1. The sub-dike 2 comprises several evenly spaced retaining supports 6, secured to the dam 1 by anchoring steel spikes 7 driven into the dam 1. Each retaining support 6 is vertically fixed with a retaining rod 8. The upstream side of each retaining rod 8 is equipped with a buoyant dam 9, with the lower side of the buoyant dam 9 extending toward the upstream side and resting on the top surface of the dam 1.

[0034] 2) As the floodwater overflowing from the reservoir flows down the emergency spillway, it has a strong impact and pulling effect on the diversion wing walls 10 on both sides of the spillway and the protective layer padding 11 at the bottom. Therefore, the anti-scouring and stability design of the wing walls on both sides of the spillway and the protective layer padding 11 at the bottom is of paramount importance to the safe discharge of flood water from the entire flexible spillway.

[0035] Anti-scour and stable design of the diversion wing walls 10 on both sides of the flexible spillway and the protective layer pad 11 at the bottom:

[0036] First, dig a trench along the length of the dam 1 at the mouth of the spillway (flood discharge outlet 3), bury the front end of the protective layer pad 11 in the trench to ensure the stability of the upper part of the protective layer pad 11.

[0037] Second, when constructing an emergency spillway on the dam slope of the reservoir, the water retaining support 6, the transverse pressure rod 15 and the longitudinal pressure rod 16 are pressed on the left and right sides of the protective layer pad 11, and the protective layer pad 11 is fixed with a steel chisel.

[0038] Third, use the cable 18 to connect the L-shaped guide cloth 17 on the left and the L-shaped guide cloth 17 on the right accordingly and tighten them, just like threading shoelaces, so that the L-shaped guide cloths 17 on the left and right sides are connected as one.

[0039] Fourth, an anchor pile 21 is constructed on each side of the flexible spillway at the top of the retaining dam 1. A steel cable 20 is used on each side to connect and anchor the diversion support rods 14 to the anchor piles 21 at the top of the dam, so that all the diversion support rods 14 remain perpendicular to the dam slope.

[0040] Through the above four measures, it is ensured that the emergency flexible spillway can defend against the impact of the overflowing flood on the diversion wing wall 10 and the bottom protective layer pad 11, thereby ensuring the safe and smooth completion of the overflow flood discharge of the reservoir.

[0041] 3) If floodwaters flow down the flexible spillway without any obstruction, their speed will accelerate. If the reservoir dam is high, the water flowing down to the dam bottom may reach a velocity of more than ten meters per second, which will have a significant impact and damage. This requires the construction of a solid energy dissipation system at the bottom of the spillway, which requires a large investment. If several barrier dams are added during the flood flow to slow the flow rate, the destructive effect of the water flow will be greatly reduced, thereby correspondingly reducing the investment in the energy dissipation system. To this end, the present invention designs a spillway "Yongshui Energy Dissipation Sill".

[0042] The Yongshui energy dissipation dam is an isosceles trapezoidal waterproof canvas 23, the upper side of which is pressed on the transverse pressure rod 15 and the longitudinal pressure rod 16 by screws 24 and T-shaped pressure plates 25. The lower side is bent upward and hung on the upper part of the diversion support rod 14 by a suspension rope 26. The lower part of the waterproof canvas 23 forms a flexible pocket-shaped Yongshui dam, which delays the discharge of water and reduces the destructive effects of floods.

[0043] After the water is accumulated and dropped multiple times in the energy dissipation sill, the kinetic energy of the discharged water will be greatly weakened. When it reaches the bottom of the spillway, its flow rate is only 25% of that of smooth discharge. Compared with smooth discharge, the energy dissipation project at the bottom of the spillway can be greatly simplified. Only a simple anti-collision gabion mesh stone cage 5 is needed to meet the safety needs, and the project investment can also be greatly reduced.

[0044] The above two embodiments do not impose any formal restrictions on the shape, material, structure, etc. of the utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. Overflow type flexible spillway, characterized by: It includes two left-right symmetrical diversion wing walls set along the back water surface of the retaining dam. A protective layer of cloth is laid on the back water surface of the retaining dam between the two diversion wing walls. Several water-retaining energy dissipation sills are evenly spaced from top to bottom between the two diversion wing walls. An anti-collision gabion net stone cage equipped with riprap is provided at the lower port of the flexible spillway.

2. The overflow type flexible spillway according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each diversion wing wall includes a number of diversion supports arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the back water surface of the dam. Each diversion support is fixed to the back water surface of the dam by a positioning steel drill inserted into the dam. A diversion support rod is vertically provided on each diversion support. A transverse pressure rod pressed on the protective layer cloth is fixed on each diversion support in the horizontal direction. A longitudinal pressure rod is provided at the inner end of the transverse pressure rod. An L-shaped diversion cloth is provided between the top of the transverse pressure rod and the inner side of the diversion support rod. The upper part of the L-shaped diversion cloth is fixedly connected to the diversion support rod. The right side of the L-shaped diversion cloth of the left diversion wing wall and the left side of the L-shaped diversion cloth of the right diversion wing wall are connected as a whole by a cable.

3. The overflow type flexible spillway according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting ring is provided on the upper outer part of the diversion support rod. All the connecting rings on the left side and all the connecting rings on the right side are connected in series through a steel cable. The top end of each steel cable is connected to an anchor pile, which is implanted into the top surface of the dam.

4. The overflow type flexible spillway according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A rectangular long groove is excavated along the length direction of the front side of the top face of the retaining dam. The front side of the protective layer pad is arranged in the rectangular long groove along the inner wall of the rectangular long groove. The protective layer pad is filled with pressed gravel in the rectangular long groove.

5. The overflow type flexible spillway according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that: Each water-retaining energy dissipation sill includes a waterproof canvas arranged above the horizontal part of the L-shaped diversion cloth. The waterproof canvas is an isosceles trapezoid that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The upper side of the waterproof canvas is bent and fixed to the transverse pressure rod and the longitudinal pressure rod by screws and T-shaped pressure plates, and the lower side of the waterproof canvas is bent upward and connected to the diversion support rod through a suspension rope; in two adjacent water-retaining energy dissipation sills, the lower end of the waterproof canvas of the upper water-retaining energy dissipation sill covers the upper end of the lower water-retaining energy dissipation sill.

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