Anti-shock structure of active fault crossing tunnel in high-intensity area

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-intensity area active fault crossing tunnel anti-shock structure, which relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering design and construction, and comprises a tunnel peripheral surrounding rock interval type grouting shock insulation ring, a primary support structure and a secondary lining structure which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the joint of the shock absorption layer and the secondary lining structure can adapt to the anti-seismic joint with large deformation, and the reserved space is enlarged through internal clearance. The grouting shock insulation ring is used for filling and grouting gaps of surrounding rock on the periphery of the tunnel through advanced curtain grouting or radial grouting after excavation, the shock insulation effect is achieved, the grouting shock insulation ring has the shock insulation effect, the whole tunnel lining structure is enhanced, the shock absorption buffer layer is arranged on the back of the lining, and the service life of the tunnel lining structure is prolonged. A special waterproof structure capable of adapting to large deformation is arranged in the anti-seismic joint of the secondary lining structure, a structure reinforcing space is reserved in an inner clearance, the influence of the earthquake action on the lining structure can be better consumed, it is guaranteed that a joint waterproof system is intact, running and traveling are not affected, and good economic and social benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering design and construction, in particular to an anti-seismic structure of a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area. Background Art

[0002] Cracks can occur in tunnel linings across generally inactive faults. Tunnels across active faults can experience fault shifting during earthquakes, causing shear damage to the surrounding rock mass. This, in turn, can significantly compress the tunnel structure, leading to structural damage or even collapse. Current engineering practices for earthquake mitigation typically involve expanding the tunnel, strengthening the lining's seismic design, and increasing the number of seismic joints. However, in response to high-intensity earthquakes, unlimited strengthening of the lining is not possible. Instead, the surrounding rock mass must be mobilized to form a shared load-bearing structure. Structural measures must be implemented to allow for a certain degree of deformation in the lining and ensure post-earthquake repairability.

[0003] In response to this situation, it is necessary to systematically establish a set of seismic resistance and reduction structural systems for tunnels crossing active faults in high-intensity areas to adapt to problems such as large deformation and structural damage caused by high-intensity earthquakes. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, the utility model discloses a seismic resistance and reduction structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area, comprising deep surrounding rock, a deep grouting isolation ring, an interlayer surrounding rock, a support structure, and seismic joints arranged at regular intervals along the axis of the tunnel body at the lining joints, wherein the interlayer surrounding rock is located between the deep grouting isolation ring and the support structure.

[0005] The support structure includes a main primary support, a main secondary lining, and a shock-absorbing layer provided between the main primary support and the main secondary lining;

[0006] A waterstop structure 1 is provided in the middle part of the seismic joint at the lining joint, a waterstop structure 2 is provided at the outer edge of the seismic joint at the lining joint, and the seismic joint at the lining joint also includes a grouting duct pre-buried in the secondary lining of the main body for repeated grouting.

[0007] Furthermore, after the initial support of the main body is completed, a waterproof layer is laid. After the waterproof layer is completed, the shock-absorbing layer is applied. The shock-absorbing layer is applied by a circumferential tensioning method of a shock-absorbing layer waterproof board connecting belt. The waterproof layer includes non-woven fabric, a first layer of waterproof board and a second layer of waterproof board.

[0008] Furthermore, the main body is subjected to secondary lining for structural reinforcement, and the thickness and reinforcement of the lining structure are strengthened.

[0009] Furthermore, the deep grouting isolation ring is used to fill and grout the voids around the deep surrounding rock by means of advance grouting or radial grouting after excavation.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the main primary support and the main secondary lining are arc-shaped, the clearance in the tunnel body is reserved for deformation and reinforcement, and the invert arch is deepened.

[0011] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing layer is made of polyethylene foam board.

[0012] Furthermore, the waterstop structure 1 includes an embedded rubber waterstop, and an embedded rubber waterstop O-shaped portion is provided on the embedded rubber waterstop, and the embedded rubber waterstop O-shaped portion forms a cross shape with the embedded rubber waterstop.

[0013] Furthermore, the second waterstop structure includes a back-stick rubber waterstop, and the back-stick rubber waterstop is provided with a back-stick rubber waterstop U-shaped portion, and the back-stick rubber waterstop U-shaped portion and the back-stick rubber waterstop are T-shaped.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention integrates the seismic isolation ring formed by grouting the surrounding rock, the shock-absorbing layer between the initial support and the secondary lining, which can effectively consume earthquake energy and greatly reduce the adverse effects of earthquakes on the lining structure.

[0015] 2. The utility model designs a deformation joint structure that can adapt to large deformation in response to the large displacement that may occur between linings during fault activity, which can meet the requirement of waterproofing the lining joint when large deformation occurs.

[0016] 3. The utility model integrates multiple means such as surrounding rock isolation, shock absorption layer, structural reinforcement, seismic joints, and reserved deformation, which can better adapt to the structural deformation, waterproofing and safety requirements of tunnels across active faults in high-intensity areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel anti-seismic structure according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the shock-absorbing layer of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the shock-absorbing layer of an embodiment of the utility model at another angle.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the seismic joint structure and water stop installation of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the anti-seismic joint and water stop structure after displacement in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the anti-seismic joint and water stop structure after displacement in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure numbers: Z1-deep surrounding rock; Z2-deep grouting isolation ring; Z3-interlayer surrounding rock; Z4-primary support of the main body; Z5-shock-absorbing layer; Z6-secondary lining of the main body; Z7-reserved deformation and reinforcement space; Z8-building limit; F3-back-sticking rubber waterstop; F4-U-shaped part of back-sticking rubber waterstop; F5-buried rubber waterstop; F6-O-shaped part of buried rubber waterstop; F7-grouting conduit; J3-connecting belt of shock-absorbing layer waterproof board; J5-non-woven fabric; J6-first layer of waterproof board; J7-second layer of waterproof board; J8-weld one; J9-weld two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0027] Example: Figure 1 As shown, a seismic resistance and reduction structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area includes, arranged from the outside to the inside, a deep surrounding rock Z1, a deep grouting isolation ring Z2, an interlayer surrounding rock Z3, a support structure, and seismic joints arranged at regular intervals at the lining joints along the axis of the tunnel body. The interlayer surrounding rock Z3 ​​is located between the deep grouting isolation ring Z2 and the support structure.

[0028] The support structure includes the main primary support Z4, the main secondary lining Z6, and the shock-absorbing layer Z5 arranged between the main primary support Z4 and the main secondary lining Z6. In this embodiment, the shock-absorbing layer Z5 adopts a polyethylene foam board, and the thickness of the shock-absorbing layer Z5 is 5 cm; the deep grouting isolation ring Z2 adopts the method of advance grouting or radial grouting after excavation to fill the gaps around the deep surrounding rock Z1 with grouting, thereby improving the surrounding rock void filling rate and playing a seismic isolation role; the interlayer surrounding rock Z3 ​​located between the deep grouting isolation ring Z2 and the main primary support Z4 is the surrounding rock bearing ring reinforced by the system anchor rod during normal tunnel construction. In this embodiment, the thickness of the deep grouting isolation ring Z2 is 3m, and the thickness of the interlayer surrounding rock Z3 ​​is 2m. The thickness of the deep grouting isolation ring Z2 and the interlayer surrounding rock Z3 ​​needs to be adjusted according to the on-site construction and engineering site conditions.

[0029] The main secondary lining Z6 is structurally reinforced, and the thickness and reinforcement of the lining structure are strengthened. The cross-sections of the main primary support Z4 and the main secondary lining Z6 are arc-shaped. A clearance space Z7 is reserved for deformation and reinforcement in the main tunnel body. The reserved deformation and reinforcement space Z7 is reserved based on the total deformation within the relevant years and the structural reinforcement conditions. The inverted arch is deepened, and a building limit Z8 is set inside the reserved deformation and reinforcement space Z7. In this embodiment, the tunnel end face is specifically optimized to an arc-shaped section so that the thickness and reinforcement of the main secondary lining Z6 meet the safety requirements of the lining structure under intensity protection. In addition to strengthening the circumferential main reinforcement, the longitudinal distribution reinforcement is also strengthened in combination with the lining span and the lining segment length, and the tie steel bars are fully distributed.

[0030] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, a waterstop structure 1 is provided in the middle part of the seismic joint at the lining joint, a waterstop structure 2 is provided at the outer edge of the seismic joint at the lining joint, and the seismic joint at the lining joint also includes a grouting duct F7 pre-buried in the main secondary lining Z6 for repeated grouting. The waterstop structure 1 includes a buried rubber waterstop F5, and a buried rubber waterstop O-shaped portion F6 is provided on the buried rubber waterstop F5. The buried rubber waterstop O-shaped portion F6 and the buried rubber waterstop F5 are in a cross shape. The waterstop structure 2 includes a back-stick rubber waterstop F3, and a back-stick rubber waterstop U-shaped portion F4 is provided on the back-stick rubber waterstop F3. The back-stick rubber waterstop U-shaped portion F4 and the back-stick rubber waterstop U-shaped portion F4 are in a T shape.

[0031] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the U-shaped portion F4 of the back-stick rubber waterstop is used in conjunction with the back-stick rubber waterstop F3 to allow the thinner part on the outside of the back-stick rubber waterstop F3 to be broken when displacement occurs, and then the extended "U"-shaped portion in the U-shaped portion F4 of the back-stick rubber waterstop plays a role, and the back-stick rubber waterstop F3 transitions from a T-shape to a "Z" shape; the embedded rubber waterstop F5 is used in conjunction with the O-shaped portion F6 of the embedded rubber waterstop to allow the embedded rubber waterstop F5 to transition from a cross shape to a "Z" shape when displacement occurs. After displacement occurs, post-grouting is performed on the deformation joint through the grouting conduit F7.

[0032] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, after the initial support Z4 of the main body is completed, the waterproof layer is laid. After the waterproof layer is completed, the shock-absorbing layer Z5 is applied. The shock-absorbing layer Z5 is applied by the circumferential tensioning method of the shock-absorbing layer waterproof board connecting belt J3. The waterproof layer includes a non-woven fabric J5, a first layer of waterproof board J6 and a second layer of waterproof board J7. In this embodiment, after the initial support Z4 of the main body is completed, the non-woven fabric J5 and the first layer of waterproof board J6 are applied in sequence, and then each shock-absorbing layer Z5 is fixed by multiple shock-absorbing layer waterproof board connecting belts J3. Every two shock-absorbing layer waterproof board connecting belts J3 are connected by welding to form a weld J8. Each shock-absorbing layer waterproof board connecting belt J3 is connected to the first layer of waterproof board J6 and the second layer of waterproof board J7 by welding to form a weld J9.

[0033] Those skilled in the art may make various other corresponding changes or deformations to the above technical methods and concepts, and all of these changes or deformations should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A seismic-resistant and damping structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area, characterized by: The invention comprises deep surrounding rock (Z1), deep grouting seismic isolation ring (Z2), interlayer surrounding rock (Z3), supporting structure, and seismic joints arranged at certain intervals at lining joints along the axis of the tunnel body, wherein the interlayer surrounding rock (Z3) is located between the deep grouting seismic isolation ring (Z2) and the supporting structure. The support structure includes a main body initial support (Z4), a main body secondary lining (Z6), and a shock-absorbing layer (Z5) arranged between the main body initial support (Z4) and the main body secondary lining (Z6); A waterstop structure 1 is provided in the middle part of the seismic joint at the lining joint, a waterstop structure 2 is provided at the outer edge of the seismic joint at the lining joint, and the seismic joint at the lining joint also includes a grouting conduit (F7) pre-buried in the secondary lining (Z6) of the main body for repeated grouting.

2. The anti-seismic structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the main body initial support (Z4) is completed, a waterproof layer is laid. After the waterproof layer is completed, a shock-absorbing layer (Z5) is applied. The shock-absorbing layer (Z5) is applied by a circumferential tensioning method using a shock-absorbing layer waterproof board connecting belt (J3). The waterproof layer includes a non-woven fabric (J5), a first layer of waterproof board (J6) and a second layer of waterproof board (J7).

3. The anti-seismic structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main secondary lining (Z6) is structurally reinforced, and the thickness and reinforcement of the lining structure are strengthened.

4. The anti-seismic structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep grouting seismic isolation ring (Z2) is used to fill and grout the gaps around the deep surrounding rock (Z1) by means of advance grouting or radial grouting after excavation.

5. The anti-seismic structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross sections of the main primary support (Z4) and the main secondary lining (Z6) are arc-shaped, a clearance is reserved in the tunnel main body for deformation and reinforcement space (Z7), and the inverted arch is deepened.

6. The anti-seismic structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing layer (Z5) is made of polyethylene foam board.

7. The anti-seismic structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterstop structure 1 includes an embedded rubber waterstop (F5), and an embedded rubber waterstop O-shaped portion (F6) is provided on the embedded rubber waterstop (F5). The embedded rubber waterstop O-shaped portion (F6) and the embedded rubber waterstop (F5) form a cross shape.

8. The anti-seismic structure for a tunnel across an active fault in a high-intensity area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second waterstop structure includes a back-stick rubber waterstop (F3), and a back-stick rubber waterstop U-shaped portion (F4) is provided on the back-stick rubber waterstop (F3). The back-stick rubber waterstop U-shaped portion (F4) and the back-stick rubber waterstop (F3) are T-shaped.

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