Treatment device for co-recycling heavy metals in waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag
By designing a processing device for co-recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag, and using methane reducing agent and high-temperature smelting technology, the problems of high processing cost and low recovery rate of waste battery materials have been solved, and efficient and low-cost heavy metal recovery and resource utilization have been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422513793.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-17
AI Technical Summary
In the existing industrial nickel production and waste lithium battery recycling industries, the processing cost of waste battery materials is high, the processing is difficult, the resource recovery rate is low, there is a lack of effective financial support and cost-sharing mechanisms, and there are risks in the research and development and application of new technologies.
A processing device is designed to co-recover heavy metals from spent battery materials and industrial nickel slag. Using methane as a reducing agent, the slag and battery waste are treated through high-temperature smelting to form a Ni-Co-Cu-Fe alloy, thereby improving the cobalt recovery rate. Battery recycling is integrated into existing industrial processes, and a miniaturized device is used to reduce the environmental footprint.
It achieves efficient processing and recycling of heavy metals in waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag, improves the recovery rate of cobalt, reduces processing costs, is easy to apply on a large scale and is not prone to secondary pollution, which is in line with the concept of circular economy.
Smart Images
Figure CN223333838U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waste battery recycling and the field of comprehensive recycling and resource utilization of industrial waste slag, and specifically to a processing device for recycling waste battery materials and heavy metals in industrial nickel slag. Background Art
[0002] The existing industrial nickel and lithium battery recycling industries are plagued by high processing costs, significant processing difficulties, and low resource recovery rates. Establishing new processing technologies or facilities requires substantial capital investment, yet the current lack of effective funding support and cost-sharing mechanisms contributes to high processing costs. Furthermore, the development and application of new technologies also face risks and uncertainties, further increasing the processing complexity. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a processing device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag, so as to solve the problems of high cost, great difficulty and low resource recovery rate in the existing industrial nickel production and waste lithium battery recycling industries.
[0004] A processing device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag consists of a thermocouple, a gas inlet pipe, a gas spray gun pipe, an upper water-cooling pipe, a gas mixing pipe, a heating element, a rotary flowmeter, a magnesium oxide crucible, a graphite crucible support, an alumina shell tube, a methane gas tank, a nitrogen tank, a lower water-cooling pipe, a suction bottle gas cleaning system, an alumina support rod, a cover with an airway, a filter bottle gas cleaning system, a shell and a sealing plug; the alumina shell tube is arranged through the shell, the heating element is symmetrically arranged in the shell and is located on the outside of the alumina shell tube; a sealing plug is arranged at the upper end of the alumina shell tube, and a cover with an airway is arranged at the lower end; the graphite crucible support and the alumina support rod are arranged in the alumina shell tube, the magnesium oxide crucible is arranged at the upper end of the graphite crucible support, and the graphite crucible support is arranged on the alumina support rod; the alumina shell tube is provided with a sealing plug, and the graphite crucible support is provided with a gasway. The lower part of the support rod passes through the air duct cover and slides relative to the air duct cover; the outlet pipelines of the methane gas tank and the nitrogen tank are connected in parallel with the inlet of the gas mixing tube, and a rotary flowmeter is respectively provided on the outlet pipelines of the methane gas tank and the nitrogen tank; the outlet of the gas mixing tube is respectively connected to the inlet end of the gas inlet pipe and the gas spray gun tube; the thermocouple, the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe and the outlet end of the gas spray gun tube are all arranged in the alumina shell tube through the sealing plug; the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe is arranged on the top of the furnace, and the outlet end of the gas spray gun tube is arranged above the magnesium oxide crucible; two outlets are provided on the horizontal side of the air duct cover, which are respectively connected to the suction bottle gas cleaning system and the filter bottle gas cleaning system; the upper part of the alumina shell tube is provided with an upper water cooling tube, and the lower part of the alumina shell tube is provided with a lower water cooling tube.
[0005] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0006] The methane in the present invention can be used as an effective reducing agent in a laboratory-scale nickel slag cleaning process, providing the possibility of replacing traditional coke as an alternative reducing agent for smelters to reduce their environmental footprint and combat climate change. In addition, the device integrates battery recycling into existing industrial processes, helping to introduce new circular economy concepts to businesses and society. After treatment in the mixed waste device, slag and Ni-Co-Cu-Fe alloys are formed, in which the concentrations of valuable substances vary, depending on the starting mixture. When the molten slag comes into contact with the CH4-N2 jet, the reduction of nickel oxide begins almost immediately, the reaction rate is high, and after 5 minutes of reduction, the nickel distribution coefficient between metal and slag is already about 10 2 . In addition, the recovery rate of cobalt was improved by adding cobalt-rich battery waste to the nickel slag. The final recovery rate of valuable metals in metal alloys depends on the coalescence of metal droplets in the slag, that is, the greater the number of droplets, the higher the possibility of coalescence and precipitation into the metal alloy. Therefore, the optimal ratio between the slag and the added secondary material, as well as the physical form of the waste material, must be determined. The device helps to broaden the recycling channels for spent lithium batteries and paves the way for multi-resource recycling and subsequent treatment. This device can not only effectively treat and reuse heavy metals in spent battery materials and industrial nickel slag, but also occupies a small area, is not prone to secondary pollution, and is easy to scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a processing device for recovering heavy metals in waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation methods listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific implementation methods.
[0009] Specific implementation method 1: Figure 1The present embodiment is described in detail. The present embodiment is a processing device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag, which comprises a thermocouple 1, a gas inlet pipe 3, a gas spray gun pipe 4, an upper water cooling pipe 5, a gas mixing pipe 6, a heating element 7, a rotary flowmeter 8, a magnesium oxide crucible 9, a graphite crucible support 10, an alumina outer shell pipe 11, a methane gas tank 12, a nitrogen tank 13, a lower water cooling pipe 14, a suction bottle gas cleaning system 15, an alumina support rod 16, a gas channel cover 17, a filter bottle gas cleaning system 18, an external The alumina shell tube 11 is provided with a sealing plug 20 and a sealing plug 20; the alumina shell tube 11 is provided through the shell 19, and the heating element 7 is symmetrically arranged in the shell 19 and located on the outside of the alumina shell tube 11; the upper end of the alumina shell tube 11 is provided with a sealing plug 20, and the lower end is provided with a gas channel cover 17; the graphite crucible support 10 and the alumina support rod 16 are provided in the alumina shell tube 11, the upper end of the graphite crucible support 10 is provided with a magnesium oxide crucible 9, and the graphite crucible support 10 is provided on the alumina support rod 16. The support rod 16; the lower part of the alumina support rod 16 passes through the airway cover 17 and slides relative to the airway cover 17; the outlet pipes of the methane gas tank 12 and the nitrogen tank 13 are connected in parallel to the inlet of the gas mixing pipe 6, and the outlet pipes of the methane gas tank 12 and the nitrogen tank 13 are respectively provided with a rotary flowmeter 8; the outlet of the gas mixing pipe 6 is respectively connected to the inlet end of the gas inlet pipe 3 and the gas spray gun pipe 4; the thermocouple 1, the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe 3, the gas spray gun The outlet ends of the gun barrel 4 are both arranged in the alumina shell tube 11 through the sealing plug 20; the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe 3 is arranged on the furnace top, and the outlet end of the gas spray gun pipe 4 is arranged above the magnesium oxide crucible 9; two outlets are provided on the horizontal side of the airway cover 17, which are respectively connected to the suction bottle gas cleaning system 15 and the filter bottle gas cleaning system 18; the upper part of the alumina shell tube 11 is provided with an upper water cooling pipe 5, and the lower part of the alumina shell tube 11 is provided with a lower water cooling pipe 14.
[0010] Workflow: Industrial nickel concentrate slag containing S, Cu, Ni, and Co is dried at 100°C for 24 hours and then ground into a fine powder to obtain a concentrate slag mixture; waste battery material and the concentrate slag mixture are mixed in a mortar and ground to obtain a fine and uniform starting material; before starting the process, about 8g of the mixture is placed in a magnesium oxide crucible 9;
[0011] The treatment unit is a vertical laboratory furnace with a maximum heating temperature of 1600°C and a heatable length of 450mm. It is also equipped with two silicon carbide heating elements to preheat the entire furnace to increase the heat transfer area and improve heat transfer efficiency. When heating, it is finally heated to 1400°C. The temperature is monitored using a calibrated S-type Pt / Pt10Rh thermocouple (with an accuracy of ±3°C) located in an alumina sheath.
[0012] N2 (99.999%) and CH4 (99.5%) gases are mixed in a 1:1 ratio in a gas mixing tube; a rotor flowmeter is used to adjust the gas flow rate;
[0013] During combustion, the mixed sample is placed in a magnesium oxide crucible, and the magnesium oxide crucible containing the sample mixture is placed on a graphite crucible stand supported by an alumina rod. The bottom of the furnace is sealed, and only nitrogen is introduced into the combustion furnace for 20 minutes to ensure that the air is exhausted; after flushing, the sample is raised from the bottom of the furnace by pushing up the alumina support rod, and the sample mixture is gradually raised to the specified position. The environment is heated to 1400°C by the heating element for 15 minutes to prevent the crucible and the alumina support rod from being subjected to excessive thermal shock; the furnace is then flushed with nitrogen for 10 minutes to ensure that the slag is completely melted; after the slag is melted, a 1:1 methane-nitrogen gas is fed into the gas spray gun tube, and the nozzle at the front end is ignited in the furnace to burn the sample. In each experiment, the flow rate of the nitrogen-methane mixture gas is as low as possible. It can be maintained at a constant level of 340mL / min; the co-treatment process is carried out in an atmosphere of 1400℃, and the reduction time is 20min; after reaching the set reduction time, the atmosphere in the combustion furnace is changed back to inert gas (that is, only nitrogen is introduced), and the upper and lower cooling water pipes are opened to cool the furnace and cool it slowly. During the cooling process, the furnace is flushed with nitrogen for 10min, and then the sample is taken out of the furnace; the reduction treatment must be stopped after 15min because the soot formed will clog the gas spray gun tube. After mixing, the sample is cooled and dried and then smashed with a hammer to form slag and Ni-Co-Cu-Fe alloy.
[0014] The water cooling pipe in this embodiment is arranged outside the alumina shell tube. After the burner is turned off, the water cooling pipe is opened to allow cooling water to pass through to cool the residual heat in the alumina shell tube.
[0015] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that the thermocouple 1 is an S-type Pt / Pt10Rh thermocouple with an accuracy of ±3° C. Other aspects are the same as specific embodiment 1.
[0016] Specific embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 2 in that an alumina sheath 2 is provided on the outside of the thermocouple 1. Other aspects are the same as those of specific embodiment 2.
[0017] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that a gas combustion nozzle is provided at the front end of the gas spray gun tube 4, and an electronic ignition device is installed in the nozzle. Other features are the same as those of specific embodiment 1.
[0018] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that the height of the housing 19 is 450 mm. Other aspects are the same as those of specific embodiment 1.
[0019] Specific embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 5 in that the length of the heating element 7 is the same as the height of the housing 19. Other aspects are the same as specific embodiment 5.
[0020] Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that the heating element 7 is a silicon carbide heating element. Other aspects are the same as specific embodiment 1.
[0021] Specific embodiment 8: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that the alumina outer shell tube 11 is made of impermeable pure alumina. Other aspects are the same as specific embodiment 1.
[0022] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that the outer diameter of the alumina outer shell tube 11 is 45 mm and the inner diameter is 38 mm. Other aspects are the same as specific embodiment 1.
[0023] Specific embodiment 10: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that the suction bottle gas cleaning system 15 is provided with a suction bottle, and the filtering bottle gas cleaning system 18 is provided with a filtering bottle, and water is provided in the filtering bottle. Other aspects are the same as specific embodiment 1.
[0024] In this embodiment, the suction bottle is responsible for absorbing contaminants and secretions. During operation, gases and other contaminants are drawn through the connected pipeline. The suction bottle's design effectively buffers suction pressure and protects the gas purification pipeline. The filter bottle's primary function is to use water to absorb toxic gaseous contaminants from the combustion furnace, thereby purifying them.
Claims
1. A processing device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag, characterized in that The processing device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag comprises a thermocouple (1), a gas inlet pipe (3), a gas spray gun pipe (4), an upper water cooling pipe (5), a gas mixing pipe (6), a heating element (7), a rotary flow meter (8), a magnesium oxide crucible (9), a graphite crucible support (10), an alumina shell tube (11), a methane gas tank (12), a nitrogen tank (13), a lower water cooling pipe (14), a suction bottle gas cleaning system (15), an alumina support rod (16), a gas channel cover (17), a filter bottle gas cleaning system (18), a shell (1 9) and a sealing plug (20); the alumina shell tube (11) is arranged through the shell (19), and the heating element (7) is symmetrically arranged in the shell (19) and located on the outside of the alumina shell tube (11); the upper end of the alumina shell tube (11) is provided with a sealing plug (20), and the lower end is provided with a gas channel cover (17); the graphite crucible support (10) and the alumina support rod (16) are arranged in the alumina shell tube (11), the upper end of the graphite crucible support (10) is provided with a magnesium oxide crucible (9), and the graphite crucible support (10) is provided on the alumina shell tube (11). On the support rod (16); the lower part of the alumina support rod (16) passes through the airway cover (17) and slides relative to the airway cover (17); the outlet pipelines of the methane gas tank (12) and the nitrogen tank (13) are connected in parallel to the inlet of the gas mixing pipe (6), and a rotary flow meter (8) is respectively provided on the outlet pipeline of the methane gas tank (12) and the nitrogen tank (13); the outlet of the gas mixing pipe (6) is respectively connected to the inlet end of the gas inlet pipe (3) and the gas spray gun pipe (4); the thermocouple (1), the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe (3), the gas The outlet ends of the body spray gun tube (4) are both arranged in the alumina shell tube (11) through the sealing plug (20); the outlet end of the gas inlet pipe (3) is arranged on the furnace top, and the outlet end of the gas spray gun tube (4) is arranged above the magnesium oxide crucible (9); two outlets are arranged on the horizontal side of the gas channel cover (17) and are respectively connected to the suction bottle gas cleaning system (15) and the filter bottle gas cleaning system (18); the upper part of the alumina shell tube (11) is provided with an upper water cooling pipe (5), and the lower part of the alumina shell tube (11) is provided with a lower water cooling pipe (14).
2. The device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermocouple (1) is an S-type Pt / Pt10Rh thermocouple with an accuracy of ±3°C.
3. The device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 2, characterized in that An aluminum oxide sheath (2) is provided on the outside of the thermocouple (1).
4. The device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 1, characterized in that The front end of the gas spray gun tube (4) is provided with a gas combustion nozzle, and the nozzle is equipped with an electronic ignition device.
5. The device for co-recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 1, characterized in that The height of the housing (19) is 450 mm.
6. The device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 5, characterized in that The length of the heating element (7) is the same as the height of the housing (19).
7. The device for co-recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 1, characterized in that The heating element (7) is a silicon carbide heating element.
8. The device for recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 1, characterized in that The alumina outer shell tube (11) is made of water-impermeable pure alumina.
9. The device for co-recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer diameter of the alumina outer shell tube (11) is 45 mm and the inner diameter is 38 mm.
10. The device for co-recovering heavy metals from waste battery materials and industrial nickel slag according to claim 1, characterized in that The suction bottle gas cleaning system (15) is provided with a suction bottle, and the filtering bottle gas cleaning system (18) is provided with a filtering bottle.