Buckwheat harvesting and threshing all-in-one machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a buckwheat harvesting and threshing all-in-one machine which comprises a vehicle body, a grain lifting device, a grain pulling device, a threshing device, a collecting device, a cutting device and a screening device, a handrail is arranged on the rear upper portion of the vehicle body, the grain pulling device is provided with a grain pulling lower bottom plate and a grain pulling upper bottom plate, and a chain is arranged between the grain pulling lower bottom plate and the grain pulling upper bottom plate. The threshing device comprises conveying belt shells which are in bilateral symmetry, a first conveying belt and a second conveying belt are arranged in the conveying belt shells, rubber coating wheels are arranged below the rear portions of the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt, the screening device is fixed under the seedling pulling device and the threshing device, and a collecting device is arranged below the screening device. Buckwheat harvesting and threshing in hilly areas are integrated, working efficiency is high, the loss rate of buckwheat grains is reduced, and economic benefits are greatly increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural production and harvesting, in particular to a buckwheat harvesting and threshing integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] Buckwheat, one of my country's staple grains and a key cash crop in hilly and alpine regions, is highly adaptable, and its production is crucial for my country's food security. The development of the buckwheat industry plays a crucial role in improving my country's grain production structure, promoting sustainable development, enriching diets, improving quality of life, and driving economic growth. However, existing buckwheat combine harvesters are mostly modified from other agricultural machinery and fail to perfectly match the characteristics of buckwheat plants. Therefore, developing specialized buckwheat harvesters tailored to the specific needs of buckwheat is crucial.

[0003] At present, buckwheat is mostly harvested by reaping and threshing in sections. Although manual harvesting has good quality, it is labor-intensive, inefficient and has a high loss rate. Semi-mechanized harvesting has reduced the labor intensity to a certain extent, but there are still problems such as long harvesting cycle, low efficiency and high loss rate. Threshing technology mostly adopts a purely rigid method with high impact force, and buckwheat shells are easy to explode, resulting in shelling, broken grains, surface scratches, internal cracks and other problems due to rigid contact during threshing, which is not conducive to storage and seed selection after crop harvest.

[0004] Therefore, a small buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine with simple structure, light weight, reliable function and low loss is needed to harvest buckwheat, which can greatly reduce the consumption of manpower and material resources. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine with a simple structure, wide applicability, low loss, and a flexible threshing device based on the principle of imitating human hand friction threshing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine, comprising a vehicle body, a straw supporting device, a straw plowing device, a threshing device, a collecting device, a cutting device and a screening device, wherein an armrest is provided on the upper rear portion of the vehicle body, the straw plowing device is provided with a straw plowing lower plate and a straw plowing upper plate, a chain is provided between the straw plowing lower plate and the straw plowing upper plate, the threshing device comprises a left-right symmetrical conveyor belt shell, a first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt are provided in the conveyor belt shell, a rubber-coated wheel is provided on the lower rear portion of the conveyor belt shell, the screening device is fixed directly below the straw plowing device and the threshing device, and a collecting device is provided below the screening device.

[0007] Furthermore, the buckwheat supporting device is bilaterally symmetrical, and the spacing between the buckwheat supporting devices can be adjusted through a slider slot to adapt to the buckwheat planting density in different regions.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting device is fixed directly behind the buckwheat supporting device. The cutting device includes symmetrical cutting knives located below and two groups of cutting transmission assemblies located on the same straight line above. The cutting knives are driven by a cutting motor located on one side through the cutting transmission assemblies, which facilitates cutting the buckwheat roots during harvesting.

[0009] Furthermore, the chain is provided with a plurality of shifting fingers, the chain is driven by a reeling motor, a driving sprocket is provided at the front end of the chain and a driven sprocket is provided at the rear end, the driving sprocket is engaged with the inner surface of the chain, and the rotation of the chain drives the shifting fingers to rotate, which is convenient and reliable.

[0010] Furthermore, the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are symmetrical on the left and right, with a gap in the middle, and the gap can be adjusted by a slider slot to adapt to different feeding amounts. The first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are driven respectively by a first conveyor belt motor and a second conveyor belt motor located above the shell. The first conveyor belt motor and the second conveyor belt motor rotate at differential speeds, which facilitates the differential rotation of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, thereby imitating human hand kneading and causing the buckwheat grains to fall.

[0011] Furthermore, the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt can be lawn-patterned conveyor belts with a large friction coefficient. First, the buckwheat grains are rubbed at a differential speed to cause them to fall, and then the buckwheat straw is pulled by the rubber-coated wheels to cause the buckwheat grains to fall.

[0012] Furthermore, the rubber-coated wheel is driven by a rubber-coated wheel motor through a rubber-coated wheel transmission assembly fixed below, thereby saving machine space.

[0013] Furthermore, the rubber-coated wheel is a bilaterally symmetrical structure with a certain gap in the middle. The bilateral symmetrical planes of the rubber-coated wheel need to coincide with the bilateral symmetrical planes of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt to facilitate pulling the bottom of the buckwheat straw in the conveyor belt.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide plate is provided at the lower rear of the threshing device, and the guide plate is provided with evenly distributed circular holes. The guide plate is placed obliquely relative to the ground, which can smoothly guide out the buckwheat straw and collect the fallen buckwheat grains for a second time, further reducing the loss rate.

[0015] Furthermore, the screening device includes a screening transmission assembly, one end of the screening transmission assembly is connected to the screening motor, and the other end is connected to the vibrating screen. Rockers are provided at the four corners of the vibrating screen. The vibrating screen is driven by the screening motor through the screening transmission assembly and can vibrate up and down and front and back.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0017] A new flexible threshing device, a conveyor belt friction threshing system, mimics the human hand. The conveyor belt, placed symmetrically, rotates at differential speeds to knead the entire buckwheat plant. Simultaneously, the rubber-coated wheels below pull the stalks, releasing the grains from the stalks and collecting them. This avoids the difficulty of collecting the grains caused by hammering and the clogging associated with roller threshing. This machine reduces grain loss and damage, and lowers the machine's failure rate. This has enabled integrated buckwheat harvesting and threshing in hilly areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine.

[0019] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic side view of the buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine.

[0020] Figure 3 The utility model is a front structural schematic diagram of a buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine.

[0021] Figure 4 The utility model is a side view of the internal structure of a buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a cutting device of a buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine described in the utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the threshing device of the buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine described in the utility model.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a screening and collecting device of a buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine described in the utility model.

[0025] Legend:

[0026] 1. Vehicle body; 2. Straw supporting device; 3. Straw plowing device; 301. Straw plowing motor; 302. Straw plowing lower base; 303. Straw plowing upper base; 304. Chain; 305. Plowing fingers; 4. Threshing device; 401. Conveyor belt housing; 402. Conveyor belt first motor; 403. Conveyor belt second motor; 404. First conveyor belt; 405. Second conveyor belt; 406. Rubber-coated wheel motor; 407. Rubber-coated wheel; 408. Rubber-coated wheel transmission assembly; 409. Active roller; 410. Driven roller; 5. Handrail; 6. Collecting device; 7. Cutting device; 701. Cutting motor; 702. Cutting transmission assembly; 703. Cutting knife; 8. Screening device; 801. Screening motor; 802. Screening transmission assembly; 803. Vibrating screen; 804. Rocker; 805. Guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with its embodiments.

[0028] The "first" and "second" in the present invention do not represent specific quantities and orders, but are only used to distinguish names.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention discloses a buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine, comprising a vehicle body (1), a straw supporting device (2), a straw shifting device (3), a threshing device (4), a collecting device (6), a cutting device (7) and a screening device (8), wherein a handrail (5) is provided on the upper rear portion of the vehicle body (1), the straw shifting device (3) is provided with a straw shifting lower bottom plate (302) and a straw shifting upper bottom plate (303), a chain (304) is provided between the straw shifting lower bottom plate (302) and the straw shifting upper bottom plate (303), the threshing device (4) comprises a bilaterally symmetrical conveyor belt shell (401), a first conveyor belt (404) and a second conveyor belt (405) are provided in the conveyor belt shell (401), a rubber-coated wheel (407) is provided on the lower rear portion of the conveyor belt shell, the screening device (8) is fixed directly below the straw shifting device (3) and the threshing device (4), and a collecting device (6) is provided below the screening device (8).

[0030] In this embodiment, the buckwheat supporting device (2) is bilaterally symmetrical, and a slider is provided at the tail end, and the spacing can be adjusted by sliding the slider in the slide groove to adapt to the planting density of buckwheat in different regions, so as to facilitate the control of the feeding amount of buckwheat straw.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the cutting device (7) is fixed directly behind the buckwheat supporting device (2), and the cutting device (7) includes symmetrical cutting knives (703) located below and two groups of cutting transmission assemblies (702) located on the same straight line above. The cutting knives (703) are driven by a cutting motor (701) located on one side through the cutting transmission assembly (702), and can quickly and conveniently cut the buckwheat roots.

[0032] In this embodiment, a plurality of shifting fingers (305) are provided on the chain (304), and the chain (304) is driven by a threshing motor (301). A driving sprocket is provided at the front end of the chain (304) and a driven sprocket is provided at the rear end. The driving sprocket is engaged with the inner surface of the chain (304), and the rotation of the chain (304) drives the shifting fingers (305) to rotate, so that the buckwheat straw can be conveniently fed into the threshing device (4) at the upper rear end.

[0033] In this embodiment, a first conveyor belt (404) and a second conveyor belt (405) are provided in a conveyor belt housing (401), the first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405) are symmetrical and driven by a first conveyor belt motor (402) and a second conveyor belt motor (403) located above the conveyor belt housing (401), respectively. The first conveyor belt motor (402) and the second conveyor belt motor (403) rotate at a differential speed, facilitating the differential rotation of the first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405), simulating human hand kneading, so that buckwheat grains fall from the buckwheat straw and enter the screening device (8) located below.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405) can be lawn-patterned conveyor belts with a large friction coefficient. First, the buckwheat grains are rubbed at a differential speed to drop, and then the rubber-coated wheels (407) are used to pull the bottom of the buckwheat straw to drop the buckwheat grains. The two-stage threshing reduces the loss rate.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the rubber-coated wheel (407) is driven by the rubber-coated wheel motor (406) through the rubber-coated wheel transmission assembly (408) fixed below, saving machine space.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the rubber-coated wheel (407) is a bilaterally symmetrical structure with a certain gap in the middle. The left and right symmetrical planes of the rubber-coated wheel (407) need to coincide with the left and right symmetrical planes of the first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405), so as to facilitate pulling the bottom of the buckwheat straw in the first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405) and pulling the buckwheat straw out of the machine.

[0037] In this embodiment, a guide plate (805) is provided at the lower rear of the threshing device (4), and the guide plate (805) is provided with evenly distributed circular holes. The guide plate (805) is placed obliquely relative to the ground, so that the buckwheat straw can be smoothly guided out, and the fallen buckwheat grains can be collected for a second time to fall onto the vibrating screen (803), thereby further reducing the loss rate.

[0038] like Figure 7As shown, in one embodiment, the screening device (8) includes a screening transmission assembly (802), one end of the screening transmission assembly (802) is connected to the screening motor (801), and the other end is connected to the vibrating screen (803), the four corners of the vibrating screen (803) are provided with rockers (804), the vibrating screen (803) is provided with evenly distributed circular holes, the circular holes are slightly larger than the buckwheat grains, and the vibrating screen (803) is driven by the screening motor (801) through the screening transmission assembly (802), so that the buckwheat grains fall into the collecting device (6) below, and impurities remain on the vibrating screen (803).

[0039] The standard parts used in this utility model can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the existing technology. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle body (1), a straw supporting device (2), a straw plowing device (3), a threshing device (4), a collecting device (6), a cutting device (7) and a screening device (8); the vehicle body (1) is provided with a handrail (5) at the upper rear portion; the straw plowing device (3) is provided with a straw plowing lower base plate (302) and a straw plowing upper base plate (303); a chain (304) is provided between the straw plowing lower base plate (302) and the straw plowing upper base plate (303); the threshing device (4) comprises a bilaterally symmetrical conveyor belt shell (401); a first conveyor belt (404) and a second conveyor belt (405) are provided in the conveyor belt shell (401); a rubber-coated wheel (407) is provided at the lower rear portion of the conveyor belt shell; the screening device (8) is fixed directly below the straw plowing device (3) and the threshing device (4); and a collecting device (6) is provided below the screening device (8).

2. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice-supporting device (2) is bilaterally symmetrical, and the spacing between them can be adjusted via a slider slot.

3. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting device (7) is fixed directly behind the supporting device (2), and comprises symmetrical cutting knives (703) located below and two groups of cutting transmission assemblies (702) located on the same straight line above. The cutting knives (703) are driven by a cutting motor (701) located on one side through the cutting transmission assemblies (702).

4. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain (304) is provided with a plurality of shifting fingers (305), the chain (304) is driven by a shifting motor (301), the front end of the chain (304) is provided with a driving sprocket, the rear end is provided with a driven sprocket, and the driving sprocket is engaged with the inner surface of the chain (304).

5. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405) are bilaterally symmetrical and are driven respectively by a first conveyor belt motor (402) and a second conveyor belt motor (403) located above the conveyor belt housing (401). The first conveyor belt motor (402) and the second conveyor belt motor (403) rotate at differential speeds, facilitating differential rotation of the first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405), simulating hand kneading.

6. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405) can be lawn-patterned conveyor belts with a large friction coefficient.

7. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber-coated wheel (407) is driven by a rubber-coated wheel motor (406) through a rubber-coated wheel transmission assembly (408) fixed below.

8. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rubber-coated wheel (407) is a bilaterally symmetrical structure with a gap in the middle. The bilaterally symmetrical planes of the rubber-coated wheel (407) need to coincide with the bilaterally symmetrical planes of the first conveyor belt (404) and the second conveyor belt (405).

9. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate (805) is provided at the lower rear of the threshing device (4), and the guide plate (805) is provided with evenly distributed circular holes. The guide plate (805) is placed tilted relative to the ground.

10. The buckwheat harvesting and threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening device (8) includes a screening transmission assembly (802), one end of the screening transmission assembly (802) is connected to a screening motor (801), and the other end is connected to a vibrating screen (803), rockers (804) are provided at the four corners of the vibrating screen (803), and the vibrating screen (803) is driven by the screening motor (801) through the screening transmission assembly (802).

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