Waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device which comprises a shell, a waste heat recovery assembly, a spraying assembly and a tail gas absorption assembly, a channel for tail gas to flow is formed in the shell, and the waste heat recovery assembly, the spraying assembly and the tail gas absorption assembly are sequentially arranged in the flowing direction of pyrolysis tail gas in the channel. The waste heat recovery assembly is used for exchanging heat with the pyrolyzed tail gas; the spraying assembly is used for spraying spraying liquid to the tail gas subjected to heat exchange; by means of the integrated and modular design of the device, waste heat generated in the pyrolysis process of the waste lithium battery is efficiently recycled, organic fluorine-containing waste gas generated by the waste lithium battery is efficiently treated, the device is suitable for treating different types of waste lithium batteries, the operation environment is good, applicability is high, and the device is suitable for popularization and application. The organic waste gas harmless treatment device has the advantages of small occupied area, convenience in later maintenance, easiness in control in the organic waste gas harmless treatment process and the like, and the removal rate of organic matters in treated tail gas is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery recycling, in particular to a device for treating waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, with their high efficiency, power, and energy density, have become an extremely attractive energy storage technology and are experiencing rapid growth. However, if a large number of retired lithium batteries are not properly disposed of, the electrode materials they contain, such as aluminum foil, copper foil, cathode powder, anode graphite, binder, and electrolyte, can pose serious environmental risks. Therefore, recycling retired lithium batteries has the dual benefits of environmental protection and resource conservation.

[0003] Currently, there are various recycling methods for retired lithium batteries. Most recycling processes include electrode material separation and pyrolysis treatment, thereby pre-separating the active substances of the electrode materials from the current collector. During the high-temperature pyrolysis process of lithium-ion battery electrode materials, a large amount of toxic and harmful high-temperature exhaust gas containing volatile organic components (VOCs) and fluorine-containing compounds will be generated. The system methods and equipment devices for treating this organic waste gas vary and have advantages and disadvantages. For example, CN111841232A proposes a method for purifying the exhaust gas from the multi-stage pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries. This method first passes the exhaust gas emitted from the pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries through a cyclone separator, a flue gas cooler, a bag filter, and a first / second / third-stage scrubber. The exhaust gas is then incinerated, and then quicklime powder and activated carbon powder are sprayed in sections into the exhaust gas pipeline to remove fluorides, sulfides, and dioxins in the exhaust gas. Finally, the exhaust gas is dedusted by a bag filter and discharged without pollution.

[0004] However, this method has a complex treatment process and is difficult to apply in practice. In addition, the organic waste gas needs to be incinerated, which has high treatment costs. In addition, since there are many other pollutants in the exhaust gas, the use of a single thermal oxidation method has low treatment efficiency and is difficult to meet emission requirements. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device to achieve the purpose of high-temperature pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery and efficient purification of harmful components in the tail gas.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device, comprising: a shell, a waste heat recovery component, a spray component and a tail gas absorption component. A channel for the tail gas to flow is opened in the shell, and the waste heat recovery component, the spray component and the tail gas absorption component are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the pyrolysis tail gas in the channel. The waste heat recovery component is used to exchange heat with the passing pyrolysis tail gas; the spray component is used to spray spray liquid onto the tail gas; and the tail gas absorption component is used to adsorb the tail gas treated by the spray component.

[0008] In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery component includes an outer cover and a heat exchange tube. The outer cover is fixed in the channel. Both ends of the heat exchange tube are passed through the inner wall of the shell to form a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet in sequence.

[0009] In some embodiments, an air inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the shell, one end of which is connected to the waste heat recovery component, and an air outlet is provided at the top of the shell, which is connected to the exhaust gas absorption component.

[0010] In some embodiments, an air inlet is provided at the bottom of the outer cover, the air inlet is connected to the air inlet pipe, and exhaust ports are provided on both sides of the outer cover.

[0011] In some embodiments, the spray assembly includes a pair of oppositely arranged spray plates, which are fixed to the inner wall of the shell and have one end extending outside the shell. A spray liquid channel is provided in the spray plate, and a spray liquid inlet is provided at the end of the spray plate extending outside the shell. A plurality of spray holes are provided on the opposite surfaces of the pair of spray plates.

[0012] In some embodiments, a waste liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the shell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the spray plates are curved so that the distance between a pair of the spray plates gradually narrows along the flow direction of the pyrolysis exhaust gas.

[0014] In some embodiments, the exhaust gas absorption assembly includes an absorption shell, which is fixed on the inner wall of the channel. The absorption shell is filled with adsorption filler, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the absorption shell.

[0015] In some embodiments, the channel is arranged in a vertical direction, and the waste heat recovery component, the spray component and the tail gas absorption component are arranged in sequence from low to high in the vertical direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the heat exchange tubes are disposed in the outer cover and arranged in a serpentine shape.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the waste lithium battery pyrolysis exhaust gas treatment device provided by the utility model includes a shell, a waste heat recovery component, a spray component and an exhaust gas absorption component. A channel for exhaust gas flow is opened in the shell, and the waste heat recovery component, the spray component and the exhaust gas absorption component are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the pyrolysis exhaust gas in the channel. The waste heat recovery component is used to exchange heat with the pyrolysis exhaust gas passing through; the spray component is used to spray spray liquid to the exhaust gas that has undergone heat exchange; the exhaust gas absorption component is used to adsorb the exhaust gas treated by the spray component. The utility model utilizes the integrated and modular design of the device to efficiently recover the waste heat generated by waste lithium batteries during the pyrolysis process and efficiently treat the organic fluorine-containing exhaust gas generated therefrom. It is suitable for treating different types of waste lithium batteries, has a good operating environment, strong applicability, small footprint, low initial investment cost, convenient later maintenance, and the harmless treatment process of organic exhaust gas has the advantages of being easy to control and scale up, and the removal rate of organic matter in the exhaust gas after treatment is high.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to enable a clearer understanding of the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation methods of the present invention are given in detail in the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device provided by the utility model.

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 1-shell, 11-channel, 12-inlet pipe, 13-outlet, 14-waste liquid outlet, 2-heat recovery component, 21-outer cover, 211-exhaust port, 22-heat exchange tube, 3-spray component, 31-spray plate, 311-spray hole, 4-exhaust gas absorption component, 41-absorption shell, 42-adsorption filler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1; The utility model provides a waste lithium battery pyrolysis exhaust gas treatment device, comprising: a shell 1, a waste heat recovery component 2, a spray component 3 and an exhaust gas absorption component 4, the shell 1 is provided with a channel 11 for the exhaust gas to flow, the waste heat recovery component 2, the spray component 3 and the exhaust gas absorption component 4 are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the pyrolysis exhaust gas in the channel 11, the waste heat recovery component 2 is used for heat exchange with the passing pyrolysis exhaust gas; the spray component 3 is used for spraying spray liquid to the exhaust gas that has undergone heat exchange; the exhaust gas absorption component 4 is used for adsorbing the exhaust gas treated by the spray component 3.

[0024] The utility model provides a waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device, including a shell 1, a waste heat recovery component 2, a spray component 3 and a tail gas absorption component 4. The shell 1 is provided with a channel 11 for tail gas flow, and the waste heat recovery component 2, the spray component 3 and the tail gas absorption component 4 are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the pyrolysis tail gas in the channel 11. The waste heat recovery component 2 is used to exchange heat with the pyrolysis tail gas passing through; the spray component 3 is used to spray spray liquid onto the tail gas that has undergone heat exchange; the tail gas absorption component 4 is used to adsorb the tail gas treated by the spray component 3. The utility model utilizes the integrated and modular design of the device to efficiently recover the waste heat generated by waste lithium batteries during the pyrolysis process and efficiently treat the organic fluorine-containing waste gas generated therefrom. It is suitable for treating different types of waste lithium batteries, has a good operating environment, strong applicability, small footprint, low initial investment cost, convenient later maintenance, and the harmless treatment process of organic waste gas has the advantages of being easy to control and scale up, and the removal rate of organic matter in the tail gas after treatment is high.

[0025] Specifically, an air inlet pipe 12 is provided at the bottom of the shell 1 , one end of the air inlet pipe 12 is connected to the waste heat recovery component 2 , and an air outlet 13 is provided at the top of the shell 1 , and the air outlet 13 is connected to the tail gas absorption component 4 .

[0026] Specifically, the channel 11 is arranged in a vertical direction, and the waste heat recovery component 2, the spray component 3 and the tail gas absorption component 4 are arranged in sequence from low to high in the vertical direction.

[0027] Specifically, the waste heat recovery component 2 includes an outer cover 21 and a heat exchange tube 22. The outer cover 21 is fixed in the channel 11. The heat exchange tube 22 is arranged in the outer cover 21 and arranged in a serpentine shape. The two ends of the heat exchange tube 22 are passed through the inner wall of the shell 1 to form a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet in sequence.

[0028] Furthermore, an air inlet is provided at the bottom of the outer cover 21, which is in communication with the air inlet pipe 12, and exhaust ports 211 are provided on both sides of the outer cover 21. This arrangement allows the pyrolysis exhaust gas entering the outer cover 21 to disperse and move to both sides, thereby extending the time the pyrolysis exhaust gas stays in the outer cover 21, allowing it to fully contact the heat exchange pipe 22, perform sufficient heat exchange, and improve the efficiency of the heat exchange.

[0029] Specifically, the spray assembly 3 includes a pair of opposing spray plates 31. Each spray plate 31 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 1, with one end extending outside the housing 1. A spray liquid channel is defined within the spray plates 31, and a spray liquid inlet is provided at the end of the spray plate 31 extending outside the housing 1. A plurality of spray holes 311 are defined on the opposing surfaces of the pair of spray plates 31. The spray holes 311 spray liquid onto the exhaust gas passing through the pair of spray plates 31, removing most of the toxic and hazardous substances in the exhaust gas. The waste spray liquid flows to the bottom of the device.

[0030] Furthermore, a waste liquid outlet 14 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 , through which the waste spray liquid generated by the spray assembly 3 is discharged from the housing 1 .

[0031] Furthermore, the spray plates 31 are curved so that the distance between the two spray plates gradually narrows along the flow direction of the pyrolysis exhaust gas. This "inverted funnel"-shaped exhaust gas spray structure centrally processes the exhaust gas, significantly improving spray treatment efficiency and reducing the amount of spray liquid used.

[0032] Specifically, the exhaust gas absorption assembly 4 includes an absorption shell 41 fixed to the inner wall of the channel 11. The absorption shell 41 is filled with an adsorption filler 42 and has a plurality of through-holes. Exhaust gas enters the absorption shell 41 through the through-holes and fully contacts the adsorption filler 42. The adsorption action of the filler further purifies the toxic and harmful components in the exhaust gas, ensuring that the exhaust gas meets emission standards.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the waste lithium battery pyrolysis exhaust gas treatment device provided by the present invention comprises a shell, a waste heat recovery component, a spray component and an exhaust gas absorption component, the shell is provided with a channel for exhaust gas flow, the waste heat recovery component, the spray component and the exhaust gas absorption component are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the pyrolysis exhaust gas in the channel, the waste heat recovery component is used to exchange heat with the pyrolysis exhaust gas passing through; the spray component is used to spray spray liquid to the exhaust gas that has undergone heat exchange; the exhaust gas absorption component is used to adsorb the exhaust gas treated by the spray component. The present invention utilizes the integrated and modular design of the device to efficiently recover the waste heat generated by waste lithium batteries during the pyrolysis process and efficiently treat the organic fluorine-containing exhaust gas generated therefrom. It is suitable for treating different types of waste lithium batteries, has a good operating environment, strong applicability, small footprint, low initial investment cost, convenient later maintenance, and the harmless treatment process of organic waste gas has the advantages of being easy to control and scale up, and the removal rate of organic matter in the exhaust gas after treatment is high.

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device, characterized in that: It includes: A shell, a waste heat recovery component, a spray component and a tail gas absorption component, wherein a channel for the tail gas to flow is opened in the shell, and the waste heat recovery component, the spray component and the tail gas absorption component are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the pyrolysis tail gas in the channel. The waste heat recovery component is used for exchanging heat with the passing pyrolysis tail gas; the spray component is used for spraying spray liquid onto the tail gas; and the tail gas absorption component is used for adsorbing the tail gas treated by the spray component.

2. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery component includes an outer cover and a heat exchange tube. The outer cover is fixed in the channel. Both ends of the heat exchange tube are passed through the inner wall of the shell to form a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet in sequence.

3. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the shell, one end of which is connected to the waste heat recovery component. An air outlet is provided at the top of the shell, which is connected to the tail gas absorption component.

4. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air inlet is provided at the bottom of the outer cover, the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet pipe, and exhaust ports are provided on both sides of the outer cover.

5. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spray assembly includes a pair of oppositely arranged spray plates, which are fixed to the inner wall of the shell and one end extends to the outside of the shell. A spray liquid channel is provided in the spray plate, and a spray liquid inlet is provided at the end of the spray plate extending outside the shell. A plurality of spray holes are provided on the opposite surfaces of the pair of spray plates.

6. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A waste liquid discharge outlet is provided at the bottom of the shell.

7. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spray plates are arranged in a curved manner so that the distance between a pair of the spray plates gradually narrows along the flow direction of the pyrolysis tail gas.

8. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail gas absorption component comprises an absorption shell, which is fixed on the inner wall of the channel. The absorption shell is filled with adsorption filler, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the absorption shell.

9. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel is arranged in a vertical direction, and the waste heat recovery component, the spray component and the tail gas absorption component are arranged in sequence from low to high in the vertical direction.

10. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchange tubes are arranged in the outer cover and in a serpentine shape.

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