Forest trunk stem flow observation and collection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a forest trunk stem flow observation and collection device, which relates to the technical field of forestry research, and comprises a fixed part, a filling plate, a surrounding plate, a hose and a rainwater collector, the fixed part is connected with a water outlet and is fixedly connected to the side surface of a trunk, and one side of the fixed part far away from the trunk is provided with a horizontally extending accommodating groove. Arc-shaped baffles are arranged at the upper ends of the fixing parts; the filling plate is a long-strip-shaped plate which is bent into an arc shape, the filling plate is arranged around the tree trunk, and the two ends of the filling plate are located in the containing grooves; the surrounding plate is a long-strip-shaped plate bent into an arc shape, the lower end of the surrounding plate is arranged on the peripheral side of the filling plate in a surrounding mode, and the surrounding plate and the arc-shaped baffle are matched to surround the peripheral side of the upper end of the filling plate to form a water collecting tank. The hose is connected to the water outlet which is communicated with the water collecting tank; the rainwater collector is connected with the end, away from the water outlet, of the hose to collect rainwater discharged from the water collecting tank. According to the utility model, the measurement accuracy can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of forestry research, in particular to a forest tree trunk stem flow observation and collection device. Background Art

[0002] Stemflow refers to the portion of water that is collected by trees through their branches and leaves during rainfall and transported along the trunk to the surface. This portion plays a vital role in maintaining tree growth and the migration of nutrients in forests, and is an indispensable parameter for studying the hydrological cycle and biogeochemical cycle in forest areas. Currently, the collection of stemflow is usually done by cutting open a PVC soft water pipe and spirally wrapping it around the tree trunk for several weeks to form a collection trough. The contact between the pipe and the trunk is then sealed with glass glue. The collected stemflow is collected by a bucket placed at the bottom of the pipe, and the amount of water is determined by regular manual measurement. However, this method has significant defects, mainly manifested in the mismatch between the roughness of the collection hose and the surface of the tree trunk, resulting in poor sealing and, in turn, water leakage, which seriously affects the accuracy of the data. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a forest tree trunk stemflow observation and collection device that can improve measurement accuracy.

[0004] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model, a forest tree trunk stemflow observation and collection device includes: a fixing part, a filling plate, a surrounding plate, a hose, and a rainwater collector, the fixing part is connected to a water outlet, the fixing part is fixedly connected to the side of the trunk, a horizontally extending accommodating groove is provided on the side of the fixing part away from the trunk, and an arc-shaped baffle is provided at the upper end of the fixing part; the filling plate is a long strip plate bent into an arc, the filling plate is arranged around the trunk, and both ends of the filling plate are located in the accommodating groove; the surrounding plate is a long strip plate bent into an arc, the lower end of the surrounding plate is arranged around the outer peripheral side of the filling plate, the surrounding plate and the arc-shaped baffle cooperate to enclose the upper end of the filling plate to form a water collecting trough; the hose is connected to the water outlet, and the water outlet is connected to the water collecting trough; the rainwater collector is connected to the end of the hose away from the water outlet to collect rainwater discharged from the water collecting trough.

[0005] A forest tree trunk stemflow observation and collection device according to an embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: the fixing part plays an auxiliary positioning role when installing the filling plate and the surrounding plate, and the fixing part blocks the gap between the two ends of the filling plate and the two ends of the surrounding plate, thereby achieving a better sealing effect under the premise of quick installation, reducing rainwater leakage from the sump, and improving the accuracy of measurement.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a pressing belt is provided around the outer side of the surrounding plate, and the pressing belt is used to press the surrounding plate against the filling plate.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a lower positioning portion is provided on the side of the fixing portion away from the tree trunk, and an upper positioning portion is provided on the side of the arc-shaped baffle away from the tree trunk. The upper positioning portion and the lower positioning portion cooperate to limit the vertical positioning of the enclosing plate.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a sealant is filled between the fixing portion and the tree trunk, a sealant is filled between the filling plate and the tree trunk, and a sealant is filled between the surrounding plate and the filling plate.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the water outlet is connected to a reducer straight-through joint, the diameter of the hose matches the size of the reducer straight-through joint, and the hose is connected to the reducer straight-through joint.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fixing portion is connected to the tree trunk via wood screws.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the rainwater collector includes a rain gauge and a water sample collection basin, the rain gauge is connected to the water outlet through the hose, the height of the rain gauge is lower than the height of the filling plate, the water sample collection basin is connected to the rain gauge through a sampling tube, and a valve is provided on the sampling tube.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a base is connected below the rain gauge, and the base is connected to a fixed supporting surface.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the filling plate is greater than the thickness of the surrounding plate.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the upper end of the surrounding panel is 2 cm to 4 cm higher than the height of the upper end of the filling panel.

[0015] A forest tree trunk stemflow observation and collection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The equipment is installed quickly and has good sealing effect;

[0017] (2) Rain gauges and water sample collection basins are used for measurement and sampling, making data collection convenient;

[0018] (3) The materials and tools used are lightweight and suitable for carrying during field surveys.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a filling plate and a surrounding plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a fixing portion of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a filling plate and a fixing portion according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a fixing portion of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure Number:

[0030] Fixing portion 100, water outlet 110, reducing straight-through joint 111, accommodating groove 120, arc-shaped baffle 130, lower positioning portion 140, upper positioning portion 150, wood screw 160;

[0031] Trunk 200;

[0032] Filling plate 300;

[0033] Enclosure plate 400;

[0034] Water collection tank 500;

[0035] Hose 600;

[0036] Rainwater collector 700, rain gauge 710, base 711, water sample collection basin 720, sampling tube 721, valve 722;

[0037] Press belt 800. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, "a plurality" means more than two. The use of "first" or "second" is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, or implicitly indicating the order of the technical features indicated.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0042] Reference Figures 1 to 8As shown, a forest tree trunk stemflow observation and collection device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a fixing portion 100, a filling plate 300, a surrounding plate 400, a hose 600, and a rainwater collector 700. The fixing portion 100 is connected to a water outlet 110. The fixing portion 100 is made of plastic and can be quickly manufactured by injection molding. When a small number of fixing portions 100 are required, the fixing portions 100 can be 3D printed to save costs. The fixing portion 100 is fixedly connected to the side of the trunk 200. Before installing other components, the fixing portion 100 is first fixed to the trunk 200 to serve as a pre-positioning function. A horizontally extending receiving groove 120 is provided on the side of the fixing portion 100 away from the trunk 200. The fixing portion 100 is arc-shaped to fit the trunk 200 as closely as possible. For trunks 200 of different diameters, fixing portions 100 with several different curvatures can be pre-manufactured to adapt. An arc-shaped baffle 130 is provided on the upper end of the fixing portion 100, away from the trunk 200. The filler plate 300 is a long, curved plate made of EPE or EVA foam. The filler plate 300 surrounds the trunk 200, with both ends of the filler plate 300 located within the receiving groove 120. The receiving groove 120 has a certain horizontal dimension, and the length of the filler plate 300 is less than the circumference of the trunk 200. The fixing portion 100 fills the gap between the ends of the filler plate 300, eliminating the need to precisely cut the filler plate 300 according to the diameter of the trunk 200 during installation. The maximum length of the filler plate 300 can be equal to the circumference of the trunk 200, and the minimum length can be equal to the difference between the circumference of the trunk 200 and the horizontal length of the fixing portion 100. The receiving groove 120 also serves as a limit for the upper and lower positions of the filler plate 300, eliminating the need for precise cutting of the filler plate 300 to length, effectively speeding up installation. The enclosing plate 400 is a long strip of plate bent into an arc. The enclosing plate 400 is made of a silicone plate or a rubber plate wrapped with a foam plate. The lower end of the enclosing plate 400 is arranged around the outer periphery of the filling plate 300. The enclosing plate 400 and the arc-shaped baffle 130 cooperate to enclose the upper periphery of the filling plate 300 to form a water collection trough 500; the arc-shaped baffle 130 plays the role of blocking the gap between the two ends of the enclosing plate 400, so that the enclosing plate 400 does not need to be accurately cut according to the diameter of the tree trunk 200 during installation. The filling plate 300 and the enclosing plate 400 only need to be cut on site according to the approximate diameter of the tree trunk 200. A larger error is allowed during cutting, which can effectively increase the installation speed. The hose 600 is connected to the water outlet 110. The water outlet 110 is pre-formed on the fixing part 100 and does not need to be installed later. The hose 600 can be directly connected. The water outlet 110 is connected to the water collection tank 500; the rainwater collector 700 is connected to one end of the hose 600 away from the water outlet 110 to collect rainwater discharged from the water collection tank 500.After installing the forest stemflow observation and collection device, researchers typically conduct observations and record data monthly or weekly. The collected rainwater is discharged into the rainwater collector 700 via the hose 600. The rainwater collector 700 stores the rainwater for the next observation and data recording.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it can be understood that a pressure belt 800 is provided around the outside of the surrounding plate 400, and the pressure belt 800 is used to press the surrounding plate 400 against the filling plate 300. The pressure belt 800 is a combination of plastic cable ties and cloth-based tapes. After the filling plate 300 is wrapped around the tree trunk 200, the cloth-based tape is first used for preliminary fixation, and then the surrounding plate 400 is installed. The surrounding plate 400 is first preliminarily fixed with the cloth-based tape, and then tightened and fixed with the cable tie. The plastic cable tie and the cloth-based tape are firmly fixed and easy to carry, which is conducive to outdoor use. The cable tie pushes the surrounding plate 400 to press the filling plate 300. Since the filling plate 300 is made of an elastic material, the filling plate 300 is deformed, and the gap between the filling plate 300 and the uneven surface of the tree trunk 200 is reduced, which is conducive to improving the sealing.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, it can be understood that a lower positioning portion 140 is provided on the side of the fixing portion 100 away from the tree trunk 200, and the lower positioning portion 140 is integrally formed with the fixing portion 100. An upper positioning portion 150 is provided on the side of the arc-shaped baffle 130 away from the tree trunk 200, and the upper positioning portion 150 is integrally formed with the fixing portion 100. The upper positioning portion 150 and the lower positioning portion 140 cooperate to limit the vertical position of the surrounding plate 400. The lower positioning portion 140 abuts against the lower end of the surrounding plate 400, and the upper positioning portion 150 abuts against the upper end of the surrounding plate 400. This facilitates positioning of the surrounding plate 400 during installation, so that the surrounding plate 400 can be further fixed using the pressing belt 800.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it is understood that sealant is filled between the fixing portion 100 and the tree trunk 200, between the filling plate 300 and the tree trunk 200, and between the surrounding plate 400 and the filling plate 300. The sealant is preferably a polyurethane structural adhesive, silicone sealant, or other adhesive with a sealing effect. It is foreseeable that the sealant should seal all gaps in the water collection tank 500, ensuring that water in the water collection tank 500 can only be discharged through the water outlet 110, thereby improving measurement accuracy.

[0046] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, it can be understood that the water outlet 110 is connected to a reducer straight-through connector 111, and the diameter of the hose 600 matches the size of the reducer straight-through connector 111. The hose 600 is connected to the reducer straight-through connector 111. The specific structure of the reducer straight-through connector 111 is prior art, so it will not be described in detail. The hose 600 can be directly mounted on the reducer straight-through connector 111 without the need to use other structures for fixing, which has the advantage of faster installation speed. It can be foreseen that in order to ensure the stable connection between the hose 600 and the reducer straight-through connector 111, a stainless steel throat clamp can be used to fix the hose 600 and the reducer straight-through connector 111 to ensure that the hose 600 will not fall off during long-term use.

[0047] Reference Figure 6 As shown, it is understood that the fixing portion 100 is connected to the tree trunk 200 via wood screws 160. Wood screws 160 require only a screwdriver for tightening during installation, resulting in a simple structure, easy portability, and installation, making them suitable for field use. The fixing portion 100 is provided with two bolt holes for installing wood screws 160. These two bolt holes are arranged one above the other to withstand the weight of the fixing portion 100. Because wood screws 160 can adversely affect tree growth, they are removed after observation and data collection are completed.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 As shown, it is understood that the rainwater collector 700 includes a rain gauge 710 and a water sample collection basin 720. The rain gauge 710 is connected to the water outlet 110 via a hose 600. The hose 600 effectively reduces water evaporation in the rain gauge 710 and improves measurement accuracy. It is foreseeable that if the size of the hose 600 does not match the size of the upper interface of the rain gauge 710, a combination of a reducer and sealant can be used to achieve an adapter. The height of the rain gauge 710 is lower than that of the filling plate 300, allowing water in the sump 500 to enter the rain gauge 710 under the action of gravity. The specific structure of the rain gauge 710 is prior art and will not be described in detail. The water sample collection basin 720 is connected to the rain gauge 710 via a sampling tube 721, which is equipped with a valve 722. After rain gauge 710 completes its measurement, it needs to drain the water for the next measurement. Therefore, the water in rain gauge 710 is drained through sampling tube 721, and the water sample is collected in water sample collection basin 720 for subsequent testing. Water sample collection basin 720 can be made from a box with a top opening. The size of the top opening of water sample collection basin 720 should match that of sampling tube 721 to facilitate its insertion.

[0049] Reference Figure 1As shown, it is understood that a base 711 is connected to the bottom of rain gauge 710, which is connected to a fixed support surface. Base 711 is welded from a perforated stainless steel plate and four stainless steel square tubes. A pit is dug on a fixed support surface, such as soil, to accommodate the stainless steel square tubes. The depth of the pit is adjusted to maintain the stainless steel plate level, facilitating the installation of rain gauge 710. To prevent the stainless steel square tubes from settling, a hard object such as a stone can be placed at the bottom of the pit to increase the contact area between the stainless steel square tubes and the soil. This avoids the use of a concrete base 711, which would damage the forest ecology and biome in the experimental area.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, it is understood that the thickness of the filler panels 300 is greater than that of the surrounding panels 400. The filler panels 300 primarily serve to support and fill the gap between the surrounding panels 400 and the tree trunk 200, while also partially filling the gap between the surrounding panels 400 and the tree trunk 200 to prevent rainwater from overflowing. Therefore, the filler panels 300 need to be thicker, so that the surrounding panels 400 only serve to block rainwater horizontally. Excessively thick surrounding panels 400 are unnecessary. Using thinner surrounding panels 400 than the filler panels 300 helps save costs and reduce transportation, which is very convenient for field surveys.

[0051] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it is understandable that the height of the upper end of the surrounding plate 400 is 2 cm to 4 cm higher than the height of the upper end of the filling plate 300. The height difference between the upper end of the surrounding plate 400 and the upper end of the filling plate 300 affects the depth of the sump 500. When the sump 500 is too shallow, rainwater may fill the sump 500 before it can be discharged from the outlet 110, resulting in less rainfall being collected and measured. When the sump 500 is too deep, the cost will increase. Therefore, the height of the upper end of the surrounding plate 400 is set to 2 cm to 4 cm higher than the height of the upper end of the filling plate 300, taking into account both cost and measurement accuracy.

[0052] Instructions: Apply a layer of sealant to the trunk 200 at a height of 1.2 to 1.6 meters above the ground. Measure the circumference of the trunk 200 with a tape measure and cut the filler board 300 and surrounding board 400 to the corresponding size. Attach the fixing unit 100 to the trunk 200 using wood screws 160. Place one end of the cut filler board 300 into the receiving groove 120. Wrap the other end of the filler board 300 around the trunk 200 and place it into the receiving groove 120. Use tape to initially secure the filler board 300. Apply sealant to the outer wall of the filler board 300. Install the surrounding board 400. Use pressure tape 800 to secure the surrounding board 400, pressing it against the filler board 300. Apply sealant to the water collection tank 500 and smooth the sealant evenly while wearing disposable plastic gloves. Avoid the water outlet 110 when applying the sealant. Then, connect the hose 600 to the reducer connector 111. A pit is then dug on a fixed support surface, such as soil, to accommodate the stainless steel square tube. The depth of the pit is adjusted to keep the stainless steel plate level, and a spirit level is used to calibrate the plate's horizontal position. Stones can be placed at the bottom of the pit to reduce settlement. Once completed, the excavated pit can be backfilled. Install the rainwater collector 700. Connect the hose 600 to the rainwater collector 700. During observation, record the volume of rainwater in the rain gauge 710. Then, connect the sampling tube 721 to the water sample collection basin 720. Open valve 722 to allow the rainwater in the rain gauge 710 to enter the water sample collection basin 720. The water sample collection basin 720 can then be removed for testing.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forest tree trunk stemflow observation and collection device, characterized in that: include: A fixing portion (100), the fixing portion (100) being connected to a water outlet (110), the fixing portion (100) being fixedly connected to a side of a tree trunk (200), a horizontally extending receiving groove (120) being provided on a side of the fixing portion (100) away from the tree trunk (200), and an arc-shaped baffle (130) being provided at an upper end of the fixing portion (100); A filling plate (300), the filling plate (300) being a long strip plate bent into an arc shape, the filling plate (300) being arranged around the tree trunk (200), and both ends of the filling plate (300) being located in the accommodating groove (120); An enclosing plate (400), the enclosing plate (400) being a long strip plate bent into an arc shape, the lower end of the enclosing plate (400) being arranged around the outer periphery of the filling plate (300), the enclosing plate (400) and the arc-shaped baffle (130) cooperating to enclose the upper periphery of the filling plate (300) to form a water collecting trough (500); A hose (600) is connected to the water outlet (110), and the water outlet (110) is in communication with the water collecting tank (500); A rainwater collector (700) is connected to an end of the hose (600) away from the water outlet (110) to collect rainwater discharged from the water collection tank (500).

2. The forest tree trunk stemflow observation and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing belt (800) is provided around the outer side of the surrounding plate (400), and the pressing belt (800) is used to enable the surrounding plate (400) to press the filling plate (300).

3. The forest tree trunk stemflow observation and collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lower positioning portion (140) is provided on a side of the fixing portion (100) away from the tree trunk (200), and an upper positioning portion (150) is provided on a side of the arc-shaped baffle (130) away from the tree trunk (200). The upper positioning portion (150) and the lower positioning portion (140) cooperate to limit the vertical position of the surrounding plate (400).

4. The forest tree stem flow observation and collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealant is filled between the fixing portion (100) and the tree trunk (200), a sealant is filled between the filling plate (300) and the tree trunk (200), and a sealant is filled between the surrounding plate (400) and the filling plate (300).

5. The forest tree stem flow observation and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet (110) is connected to a reducing straight-through joint (111), the diameter of the hose (600) matches the size of the reducing straight-through joint (111), and the hose (600) is connected to the reducing straight-through joint (111).

6. The forest tree stem flow observation and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing portion (100) is connected to the tree trunk (200) via a wood screw (160).

7. The forest tree stem flow observation and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainwater collector (700) comprises a rain gauge (710) and a water sample collection basin (720). The rain gauge (710) is connected to the water outlet (110) via the hose (600). The height of the rain gauge (710) is lower than the height of the filling plate (300). The water sample collection basin (720) is connected to the rain gauge (710) via a sampling tube (721). A valve (722) is provided on the sampling tube (721).

8. The forest tree stem flow observation and collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A base (711) is connected below the rain gauge (710), and the base (711) is connected to a fixed support surface.

9. The forest tree stem flow observation and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the filling plate (300) is greater than the thickness of the surrounding plate (400).

10. The forest tree stem flow observation and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end height of the surrounding plate (400) is 2 cm to 4 cm higher than the upper end height of the filling plate (300).

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