Electric automobile permanent magnet synchronous motor turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device
By setting a heat-conducting shell and a high-precision temperature sensor on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the problem of inconvenient detection of inter-turn short-circuit faults in the permanent magnet synchronous motor of electric vehicles is solved, and early fault identification and prevention are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422959208.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing permanent magnet synchronous motors in electric vehicles are difficult to detect inter-turn short-circuit faults, which leads to increased motor vibration and temperature, affecting normal operation and mechanical equipment stability.
A heat-conducting casing and a high-precision patch thermocouple are set on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor to monitor the motor temperature in real time and realize early detection of inter-turn short-circuit faults.
Through real-time temperature monitoring, inter-turn short-circuit faults can be detected early, abnormal vibration and temperature rise of the motor can be avoided, and the normal operation of the motor and the stability of mechanical equipment can be ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN223347015U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, in particular to a turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device for permanent magnet synchronous motors of electric vehicles. Background Art
[0002] Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are a common type of electric motor. Due to their high efficiency, high power density, and excellent speed regulation, they have become the mainstream choice for electric vehicle drive systems. Leading domestic OEMs such as BYD and NIO all use PMSMs as drive motors in their models. During operation, if an interturn short circuit occurs in a PMSM, the symmetry of the motor's magnetic field is disrupted, causing fluctuations in the motor's output torque. This can also generate abnormal vibration during operation, impacting the motor's normal operation and the stability of connected machinery. In severe cases, it can prevent the motor from starting properly or even cause it to suddenly shut down during operation. Interturn short circuits in PMSMs can increase motor vibration and temperature. Monitoring these two key parameters allows for early detection of interturn short circuits. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and in the abstract and title of the utility model to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the utility model, and such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0004] In view of the above problems and / or the problems existing in the existing inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric vehicle, the present utility model is proposed.
[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is inconvenient to detect inter-turn short circuit in the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: a device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit faults of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle, comprising a main body assembly including a permanent magnet synchronous motor;
[0007] A diagnostic component is arranged on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a mounting part, which is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a first shell, a second shell, a fixed block and a locking block. The first shell is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the second shell is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The first shell and the second shell are hinged, and the fixed block is fixed on the first shell. A first movable groove is provided in the fixed block, and the locking block slides in the first movable groove. A locking groove is provided on the outside of the second shell, and the locking block can be engaged with the locking groove.
[0008] As a preferred solution of the inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle described in the utility model, wherein: the diagnostic component also includes a temperature measuring part, which is arranged on the inner side of the second shell, including a temperature sensor, a movable plate, a card plate and a guide column. A card slot is provided on the inner side of the second shell, and the temperature sensor is movably connected to the card slot. A second movable slot is provided in the second shell, and the movable plate slides in the second movable slot. The card plate is fixed on the movable plate, and the guide column is fixed to the inner wall of the second movable slot. A guide slot is provided in the movable plate, and the guide column is inserted into the guide slot.
[0009] As a preferred solution of the inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle of the present invention, a first spring is fixed to one side of the locking block, and the other end of the first spring is fixed to the inner wall of the first movable groove.
[0010] As a preferred solution of the inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle of the present invention, a pull plate is fixed on one side of the locking block.
[0011] As a preferred solution of the inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle of the present invention, a second spring is fixed to one side of the movable plate, and the other end of the second spring is fixed to the inner wall of the second movable groove.
[0012] As a preferred solution of the inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle of the present invention, one end of the locking block is inclined, and the locking groove has a corresponding shape.
[0013] As a preferred solution of the inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle of the present invention, a thermal conductive silicone grease layer is fixed on the inner side of the first shell and the second shell.
[0014] As a preferred solution of the device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit fault of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle of the present invention, the temperature sensor adopts a high-precision patch-type thermocouple.
[0015] As a preferred solution of the device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit fault of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, the temperature sensor is in close contact with the permanent magnet synchronous motor via thermally conductive adhesive.
[0016] As a preferred solution of the device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit fault of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle of the present invention, there are multiple temperature sensors, which are evenly arranged at a certain distance along the axial direction of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by arranging a heat-conducting shell on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric vehicle and arranging a high-precision patch thermocouple inside the shell, the temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be monitored in real time, thereby realizing early detection of inter-turn short-circuit faults; at the same time, the heat-conducting shell is a detachable annular shell, which is easy to install and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work. Among them:
[0019] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the inter-turn short-circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of electric vehicles.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first shell of the inter-turn short-circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle.
[0021] Figure 3 This is the structure diagram of the mobile plate of the inter-turn short-circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of electric vehicles.
[0022] Figure 4 A device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit faults in permanent magnet synchronous motors for electric vehicles Figure 3 A partial enlarged structural diagram of point A in the middle.
[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the fixed block of the inter-turn short-circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle.
[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the locking block of the inter-turn short-circuit fault diagnosis device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0026] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0027] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.
[0028] Example 1
[0029] Reference Figures 1-6 , which is the first embodiment of the utility model, provides an inter-turn short-circuit fault diagnosis device for a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle. The inter-turn short-circuit fault diagnosis device for a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle includes a main body component 100, including a permanent magnet synchronous motor 101.
[0030] The stator of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101 consists of a stator core, a stator winding and other parts. The stator core is usually made of stacked silicon steel sheets, and the stator winding is a three-phase winding made of enameled wire. When three-phase alternating current is passed through, a rotating magnetic field will be generated inside the stator. A permanent magnet is installed on its rotor. This is an existing technology and will not be elaborated in this solution. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand the working principle.
[0031] The diagnostic component 200 is arranged on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101, and includes a mounting part 201, which is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101, and includes a first shell 201a, a second shell 201b, a fixed block 201c and a locking block 201d. The first shell 201a is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101, and the second shell 201b is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101. The first shell 201a and the second shell 201b are hinged, and the fixed block 201c is fixed on the first shell 201a. A first movable groove 201c-1 is opened in the fixed block 201c, and the locking block 201d slides in the first movable groove 201c-1. A locking groove 201b-1 is opened on the outside of the second shell 201b, and the locking block 201d can be engaged with the locking groove 201b-1.
[0032] The installation of the mounting member 201 is used to stably fix the temperature sensor 202a on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101 to monitor the temperature in real time.
[0033] The first housing 201a and the second housing 201b are hingedly connected to form an annular housing that can be tightly wrapped around the housing of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101. When the first housing 201a and the second housing 201b are closed, the first housing 201a drives the fixing block 201c toward the second housing 201b, which in turn drives the locking block 201d toward the locking groove 201b-1. When the locking block 201d engages with the locking groove 201b-1, the first housing 201a and the second housing 201b are closed to form a complete sleeve.
[0034] Example 2
[0035] Reference Figures 1-6 , which is the second embodiment of the present utility model, and this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment.
[0036] Specifically, the diagnostic component 200 also includes a temperature measuring component 202, which is arranged on the inner side of the second shell 201b, including a temperature sensor 202a, a movable plate 202b, a card plate 202c and a guide column 202d. A card slot 201b-2 is provided on the inner side of the second shell 201b, and the temperature sensor 202a is movably connected to the card slot 201b-2. A second movable groove 201b-3 is provided in the second shell 201b, and the movable plate 202b slides in the second movable groove 201b-3. The card plate 202c is fixed on the movable plate 202b, and the guide column 202d is fixed on the inner wall of the second movable groove 201b-3. A guide groove 202b-1 is provided in the movable plate 202b, and the guide column 202d is inserted into the guide groove 202b-1.
[0037] The temperature measuring component 202 measures the temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101 in real time, and the measurement data of the temperature sensor 202a will be synchronized to the tester's terminal to achieve early detection of inter-turn short circuit faults.
[0038] There are two groups of movable plates 202b and card plates 202c. The movable plate 202b drives the card plate 202c to move. The two card plates 202c limit the movement of the temperature sensor 202a in the card slot 201b-2 to ensure that the position of the temperature sensor 202a will not shift. Two guide grooves 202b-1 are provided on one movable plate 202b, and the number of guide columns 202d corresponds to it. The guide columns 202d cooperate with the guide groove 202b-1 to ensure that the movable plate 202b can move smoothly in the second movable groove 201b-3.
[0039] Specifically, a first spring 201e is fixed to one side of the locking block 201d, and the other end of the first spring 201e is fixed to the inner wall of the first moving groove 201c-1.
[0040] The first spring 201e continuously pushes the locking block 201d to ensure that the locking block 201d can be engaged with the locking groove 201b-1.
[0041] Specifically, a pull plate 201f is fixed to one side of the locking block 201d.
[0042] The pull plate 201f is used to unlock the engagement state of the locking block 201d and the locking groove 201b-1. When the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b need to be opened, pull the pull plate 201f, and the pull plate 201f will drive the locking block 201d to move away from the locking groove 201b-1. When the locking block 201d is separated from the locking groove 201b-1, the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b can be opened.
[0043] Specifically, a second spring 202e is fixed to one side of the movable plate 202b, and the other end of the second spring 202e is fixed to the inner wall of the second movable groove 201b-3.
[0044] The second spring 202e applies a continuous thrust to the movable plate 202b, so that the movable plate 202b pushes the card plate 202c and keeps one end of the card plate 202c always outside the card slot 201b-2, thereby ensuring that the temperature sensor 202a does not fall out of the card slot 201b-2.
[0045] A push plate 202g is fixed to one side of the movable plate 202b, and the push plate 202g is used to drive the movable plate 202b to move.
[0046] Specifically, one end of the locking block 201d is inclined, and the locking groove 201b-1 has a corresponding shape.
[0047] By setting it in an inclined shape, during the closing process of the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b, the second shell 201b squeezes the tip of the locking block 201d, causing the locking block 201d to move along the first movable groove 201c-1. At this time, the first spring 201e will be compressed, and the locking block 201d will not hinder the closing of the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b. When the locking block 201d is engaged with the locking groove 201b-1, the right-angled surface of the locking block 201d will squeeze the inner wall of the locking groove 201b-1. At this time, the first spring 201e will not be compressed, thereby ensuring that the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b will not open again.
[0048] Example 3
[0049] Reference Figures 1-6 , which is the third embodiment of the present utility model, and is based on the first two embodiments.
[0050] Specifically, a thermal grease layer 202f is fixed on the inner side of the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b.
[0051] By providing a thermal conductive silicone grease layer 202f between the temperature sensor 202a and the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101, thermal resistance is reduced and the accuracy of temperature measurement is improved.
[0052] Specifically, the temperature sensor 202a adopts a high-precision patch-type thermocouple.
[0053] This is the existing technology, and this solution will not be described in detail. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand the working principle.
[0054] Specifically, the temperature sensor 202a is in close contact with the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101 through thermal conductive glue.
[0055] Specifically, there are multiple temperature sensors 202 a , and they are evenly arranged at a certain distance along the axial direction of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101 .
[0056] The second housing 201b is provided with a through slot into which a wire can be inserted, thereby facilitating wire connection between the plurality of temperature sensors 202a.
[0057] When in use, push the push plate 202g to drive the movable plate 202b to move, the second spring 202e will be compressed, and one end of the card plate 202c will be away from the end face of the card slot 201b-2, and the temperature sensor 202a will be placed in the card slot 201b-2. Stop pushing the push plate 202g, and the second spring 202e will push the movable plate 202b and drive the card plate 202c to move. At this time, one end of the card plate 202c is in contact with the end face of the card slot 201b-2, thereby ensuring that the temperature sensor 202a will not fall out of the card slot 201b-2.
[0058] Then, the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b are moved to the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101. After adjusting to the appropriate position, the first shell 201a is pushed to move toward the second shell 201b. The first shell 201a drives the fixing block 201c to approach the second shell 201b, and then drives the locking block 201d to approach the locking groove 201b-1. When the locking block 201d is engaged with the locking groove 201b-1, the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b are closed to form a complete sleeve. The right-angled surface of the locking block 201d will squeeze the inner wall of the locking groove 201b-1. At this time, the first spring 201e will not be compressed, thereby ensuring that the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b will not open again. At this time, the temperature sensor 202a can monitor the temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 101 in real time and perform early detection of inter-turn short-circuit faults.
[0059] When the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b need to be opened, pull the pull plate 201f, and the pull plate 201f will drive the locking block 201d to move away from the locking groove 201b-1. When the locking block 201d is separated from the locking groove 201b-1, the first shell 201a and the second shell 201b can be opened.
[0060] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of these should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit faults in a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle, characterized by: include, A main assembly (100) includes a permanent magnet synchronous motor (101); A diagnostic component (200) is arranged outside the permanent magnet synchronous motor (101), comprising a mounting member (201), sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (101), comprising a first housing (201a), a second housing (201b), a fixing block (201c), and a locking block (201d), wherein the first housing (201a) is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (101), the second housing (201b) is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (101), and the first housing (201c) is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (101). The shell (201a) is hinged to the second shell (201b), the fixed block (201c) is fixed on the first shell (201a), a first movable groove (201c-1) is provided in the fixed block (201c), the locking block (201d) slides in the first movable groove (201c-1), a locking groove (201b-1) is provided on the outside of the second shell (201b), and the locking block (201d) can be engaged with the locking groove (201b-1).
2. The electric vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diagnostic component (200) further includes a temperature measuring element (202), which is arranged inside the second shell (201b) and includes a temperature sensor (202a), a movable plate (202b), a card plate (202c) and a guide column (202d). A card slot (201b-2) is provided inside the second shell (201b). The temperature sensor (202a) is movably connected to the card slot (201b-2). A second movable groove (201b-3) is provided, the movable plate (202b) slides in the second movable groove (201b-3), the clamping plate (202c) is fixed on the movable plate (202b), the guide column (202d) is fixed to the inner wall of the second movable groove (201b-3), a guide groove (202b-1) is provided in the movable plate (202b), and the guide column (202d) is plugged into the guide groove (202b-1).
3. The electric vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first spring (201e) is fixed to one side of the locking block (201d), and the other end of the first spring (201e) is fixed to the inner wall of the first movable groove (201c-1).
4. The electric vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A pull plate (201f) is fixed to one side of the locking block (201d).
5. The electric vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second spring (202e) is fixed to one side of the movable plate (202b), and the other end of the second spring (202e) is fixed to the inner wall of the second movable groove (201b-3).
6. The device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit faults of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the locking block (201d) is inclined, and the locking groove (201b-1) has a corresponding shape.
7. The device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit fault of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A thermal conductive silicone grease layer (202f) is fixed on the inner sides of both the first shell (201a) and the second shell (201b).
8. The device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit faults of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (202a) adopts a high-precision patch-type thermocouple.
9. The device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit fault of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (202a) is in close contact with the permanent magnet synchronous motor (101) via heat-conducting glue.
10. The device for diagnosing inter-turn short circuit fault of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: There are a plurality of temperature sensors (202a), which are evenly arranged at a certain distance along the axial direction of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (101).