Tunnel fire detection device and screening vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel fire hazard detection device and a cleaning vehicle. The tunnel fire hazard detection device comprises a detection device; the flow guide device comprises a flow guide pipe and a first airflow driving part, one end of the flow guide pipe is suitable for communicating with the environment in the tunnel, and the other end communicates with the detection device; the first airflow driving part is used for driving airflow to flow into the flow guide pipe from the tunnel and flow into the detection device from the flow guide pipe; the position adjusting device is in driving connection with the air inlet end of the flow guide pipe and used for adjusting the position of the air inlet end of the flow guide pipe. According to the tunnel fire detection device, the position adjusting device is used for adjusting the position of the air inlet end of the flow guide pipe, so that the tunnel fire detection device is not limited to a specific position any more, and the fire monitoring range of the tunnel fire detection device is greatly enlarged; in addition, the first airflow driving piece drives the airflow to quickly and smoothly enter the detection device in an active suction mode, so that whether fire hazards exist or not can be detected in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fire detection for tunnel screening operations, in particular to a tunnel fire detection device and a screening vehicle. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel cleaning operations, a variety of factors can potentially trigger fire hazards in the construction environment: insulation problems, aging, and overloads on electrical equipment leading to overheating and electrical discharges. Poor ventilation in tunnels makes it difficult to promptly eliminate these potential hazards, seriously impacting the health and safety of construction workers and hindering work progress. Therefore, timely and effective detection of fire hazards within tunnel cleaning environments is a pressing issue at cleaning sites.

[0003] A Chinese utility model patent (grant announcement number: CN212256525U) discloses a smoke fire detection device. The device consists of a base fixed at a predetermined position. Two sets of LED data cables are fixedly mounted on either side of the base's bottom end. The bottom ends of these two sets of LED data cables are fixedly connected to red LEDs. A light-blocking blade is fixedly mounted on one side of the base's bottom end. By combining red LEDs with a buzzer, when the photosensor receives sufficient light signals, the red LEDs illuminate promptly, emitting red light to warn of a fire.

[0004] Since the smoke fire detection device in the above patent is fixed at a preset position, it can only detect fire hazards at a specific position and has a small detection range. In addition, the smoke fire detection device can only passively wait for the smoke to spread into its detection range. Due to the limitation of the smoke spreading speed, there is a long delay in the detection time. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a tunnel fire detection device and a screening vehicle, which are used to solve the problems that smoke detection devices in the prior art can only detect fire hazards at specific locations and have a small detection range; and that smoke detection devices are limited by the speed of smoke spread and have a long detection time delay.

[0006] The utility model provides a tunnel fire detection device, which includes:

[0007] A detection device, used to detect and determine whether the airflow entering the detection device poses a fire hazard;

[0008] A flow guide device, comprising a flow guide pipe and a first airflow driving member, wherein one end of the flow guide pipe is in communication with the environment in the tunnel, and the other end is in communication with the detection device; the first airflow driving member is configured to drive airflow from the tunnel into the flow guide pipe and then from the flow guide pipe into the detection device;

[0009] The position adjustment device is drivingly connected to the air inlet end of the guide tube and is used to adjust the position of the air inlet end of the guide tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the position adjustment device includes:

[0011] A lifting mechanism, wherein the air inlet end of the guide tube is arranged on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used to drive the air inlet end of the guide tube to move in the up and down directions;

[0012] The transverse movement mechanism is connected to the lifting mechanism and is used to drive the lifting mechanism to move in the transverse direction to adjust the transverse position of the air inlet end of the guide tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the traverse mechanism is a screw transmission mechanism, which includes a screw extending in the axial direction, a ball rotatably arranged on the screw, and a power component drivingly connected to the screw;

[0014] The balls are connected to the lifting mechanism, and the lead screw rotates under the drive of the power component to drive the balls thereon to move axially along the lead screw, thereby driving the lifting mechanism and the air inlet end of the guide pipe to move laterally.

[0015] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises:

[0016] a telescopic driving member, mounted on the ball;

[0017] The telescopic rod has one end which is telescopically connected to the telescopic driving member, and the other end which extends upward and is telescopically connected to the air inlet end of the guide pipe.

[0018] Optionally, a filter assembly is provided downstream of the flow guide pipe and upstream of the detection device along the flow direction of the airflow.

[0019] Furthermore, the filter assembly includes a first filter element, and the filter pore diameter of the first filter element is 0.05 μm to 0.1 μm.

[0020] Furthermore, the filter assembly further includes a second filter element located downstream of the first filter element, and the filter pore diameter of the second filter element is smaller than the filter pore diameter of the first filter element.

[0021] Preferably, a buffer tank is provided between the first filter element and the second filter element;

[0022] The air inlet of the cache tank is connected to the air outlet of the first filter element, the air outlet of the cache tank is connected to the air inlet of the second filter element, and the waste outlet of the cache tank is connected to the tunnel.

[0023] Optionally, the detection device includes a detection chamber, a detection tube, a light source and a photosensitive device arranged in the detection chamber;

[0024] One end of the detection tube is connected to the air outlet of the guide tube, and the other end passes through the detection chamber and is connected to the tunnel;

[0025] The light source and the photosensor are located on opposite sides of the detection tube. The light source is arranged toward the detection tube and is used to emit a light beam to the detection tube. The photosensor is used to receive light pulse signals generated by tiny particles generated by the pyrolysis stage of the combustible material when irradiated by light.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a cleaning vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and the tunnel fire detection device in the aforementioned embodiment, wherein the tunnel fire detection device is arranged on the vehicle body.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. In the present invention, the position adjustment device is used to adjust the position of the air inlet end of the guide tube, which can change the detection position, so that the tunnel fire detection device is no longer limited to a specific position, greatly improving the fire monitoring range of the tunnel fire detection device; in addition, compared with the flow form of free spread and diffusion of airflow, the present embodiment adds a first airflow driving member, which drives the airflow into the detection device quickly and smoothly in an active suction manner, so as to facilitate timely detection of fire hazards, reduce detection delay, and have high timeliness.

[0029] 2. In the embodiment of the present invention, during the screening operation in the tunnel environment, the tiny particles generated by the pyrolysis stage of the combustible material are used as the monitoring indicators of the detection device.

[0030] In the tunnel fire detection device of the embodiment of the present invention, gas from the tunnel is introduced into the detection tube of the detection device by a flow guide device. At the same time, a light source emits a light beam to the detection tube, and the light beam is received by a photosensitive device. If there is material overheating near the air inlet end of the flow guide tube, the solid microparticles generated by the overheated material are irradiated by the light source, scattering a light pulse signal that is proportional to the size of the microparticles. The light pulse signal is received by the photosensitive device and converted into a corresponding electric pulse signal by the signal amplifier and then amplified. By counting the electric pulses within a detection cycle by the electronic pulse detector, the number of microparticles in the unit sampled air (pcs / L) can be obtained, and then the mass concentration of the solid microparticles (μg / m^3) can be converted. The size of the fire hazard is evaluated by the size of the mass concentration of the solid microparticles, so that the microparticles generated by the pyrolysis stage of the combustible material are used as a monitoring indicator and as an evaluation standard for the size of the fire hazard in the tunnel environment.

[0031] 3. In this embodiment, a buffer tank is provided to improve the stability of the airflow, so that the unstable airflow from the guide tube first enters the buffer tank for slow flow, forming an airflow with stable air pressure and flow rate, and then enters the detection device for detection, thereby improving the detection accuracy and reducing the impact on the detection device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a tunnel fire detection device;

[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of the local structure at point A;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection device;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a connection diagram of the filter assembly and the cache tank.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Detection device; 11. Detection chamber; 12. Detection tube; 13. Light source; 14. Photosensitive device; 15. Light shield;

[0039] 21. Flow guide tube; 22. First airflow driving member;

[0040] 31. Lifting mechanism; 311. Telescopic drive member; 3111. Slider; 312. Telescopic rod;

[0041] 32. Transverse movement mechanism; 321. Screw; 322. Ball; 323. Power component;

[0042] 41. First filter element; 42. Second filter element; 401. Filter element; 402. Mounting housing;

[0043] 5. Buffer tank; 51. Waste outlet; 6. Second air flow driving member;

[0044] 71. First mounting plate; 72. Second mounting plate; 73. Third mounting plate; 731. Slide groove; 74. Fourth mounting plate; 75. Mounting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] An embodiment of the utility model provides a tunnel fire detection device, which includes a detection device 1, a flow guide device and a position adjustment device.

[0047] The flow guide device includes a flow guide tube 21 and a first airflow driver 22. One end of the flow guide tube 21 communicates with the tunnel environment, and the other end communicates with the detection device 1. The first airflow driver 22 is configured to drive air from the tunnel into the flow guide tube 21 and then into the detection device 1. The detection device 1 is used to detect and determine whether the airflow entering the detection device 1 poses a fire hazard. The first airflow driver 22 can be an air pump.

[0048] The position regulating device is drivingly connected to the air inlet end of the flow guiding tube 21 , and the position regulating device is used to regulate the position of the air inlet end of the flow guiding tube 21 .

[0049] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the position adjustment device is used to adjust the position of the air inlet end of the guide tube 21, which can change the detection position, so that the tunnel fire detection device is no longer limited to a specific position, greatly improving the fire monitoring range of the tunnel fire detection device; in addition, compared with the flow form of free spread and diffusion of airflow, a first airflow driving member 22 is added in this embodiment to drive the airflow to enter the detection device 1 quickly and smoothly, so as to facilitate timely detection of whether there are fire hazards, reduce detection delay, and have higher timeliness.

[0050] Optionally, the flow guide tube 21 is a telescopic hose.

[0051] The position adjustment device in this embodiment includes a lifting mechanism 31 and a transverse movement mechanism 32 .

[0052] The air inlet end of the guide pipe 21 is set on the lifting mechanism 31, which is used to drive the air inlet end of the guide pipe 21 to move in the up and down directions; the transverse movement mechanism 32 is connected to the lifting mechanism 31, which is used to drive the lifting mechanism 31 to move laterally to adjust the lateral position of the air inlet end of the guide pipe 21.

[0053] In this embodiment, the vertical position and the horizontal position of the air inlet end of the air guide pipe 21 are adjusted by the lifting mechanism 31 and the transverse movement mechanism 32 respectively.

[0054] The traverse mechanism 32 in this embodiment is a screw transmission mechanism, which includes a screw 321 extending in the axial direction, a ball 322 rotatably disposed on the screw 321, and a power component 323 drivingly connected to the screw 321. Optionally, the power component 323 is a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is drivingly connected to the screw 321.

[0055] The ball 322 is connected to the lifting mechanism 31 , and the lead screw 321 rotates under the drive of the power component 323 to drive the ball 322 thereon to move axially along the lead screw 321 , thereby driving the lifting mechanism 31 and the air inlet end of the guide pipe 21 to move laterally.

[0056] The lifting mechanism 31 in this embodiment includes a telescopic driving member 311 and a telescopic rod 312 .

[0057] The telescopic driving member 311 is mounted on the ball 322. Optionally, the telescopic driving member 311 is a pneumatic cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0058] One end of the telescopic rod 312 is telescopically connected to the telescopic driving member 311 , and the other end extends upward and is telescopically connected to the air inlet end of the guide pipe 21 .

[0059] In this embodiment, the telescopic driving member 311 drives the telescopic rod 312 to move upward and downward, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the air inlet end of the guide pipe 21.

[0060] The detection device 1 includes a detection chamber 11 , a detection tube 12 , a light source 13 and a photosensor 14 arranged in the detection chamber 11 .

[0061] The detection tube 12 is a transparent tube, one end of which is connected to the air outlet of the guide tube 21, and the other end passes through the detection chamber 11 and is connected to the tunnel; the light source 13 and the photosensitive device 14 are located on opposite sides of the detection tube 12, the light source 13 is set toward the detection tube 12 and is used to emit a light beam to the detection tube 12, and the photosensitive device 14 is used to receive the light pulse signal generated by the tiny particles generated by the combustible material during the pyrolysis stage when irradiated with light.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present invention, during the screening operation in the tunnel environment, tiny particles generated by the pyrolysis stage of the combustible material are used as monitoring indicators of the detection device 1 .

[0063] In the tunnel fire detection device of the embodiment of the present invention, gas from the tunnel is introduced into the detection tube 12 of the detection device 1 by the diversion device. At the same time, the light source 13 emits a light beam to the detection tube 12, and the light beam is received by the photosensitive device 14. If there is material overheating near the air inlet end of the diversion tube 21, the solid microparticles generated by the overheating of the material are irradiated by the light source 13, and scatter light pulse signals that are proportional to the size of the microparticles. The light pulse signals are received by the photosensitive device 14 and converted into corresponding electric pulse signals by the signal amplifier and then amplified. By counting the electric pulses within a detection cycle by the electronic pulse detector, the number of microparticles in the unit sampled air (pcs / L) can be obtained, and then the mass concentration of the solid microparticles (μg / m^3) can be converted. The size of the fire hazard is evaluated by the size of the mass concentration of the solid microparticles, so that the microparticles generated by the pyrolysis stage of the combustible material are used as monitoring indicators and as an evaluation standard for the size of the fire hazard in the tunnel environment.

[0064] It should be pointed out that the light source 13, the photosensor 14, and the supporting signal amplifier and electronic pulse detector are all existing technologies, and the specific structures of the above components are not described in detail.

[0065] In order to reduce the influence of the external light source 13 on the detection result, the detection device 1 further includes a light shield 15 irradiating outside the light source 13 and the photosensor 14 , and the detection chamber 11 is defined by the light shield 15 .

[0066] In this embodiment, the first airflow driving member 22 is disposed downstream of the detection tube 12. Specifically, the outlet end of the detection tube 12 is connected to the airflow inlet of the first airflow driving member 22, and the airflow outlet of the first airflow driving member 22 is connected to the tunnel.

[0067] Along the flow direction of the airflow, a filter assembly is provided downstream of the flow guide pipe 21 and upstream of the detection device 1 .

[0068] The filter assembly includes a first filter element 41 , and the filter pore diameter of the first filter element 41 is 0.05 μm to 0.1 μm.

[0069] The first filter element 41 filters dust from the inhaled air to prevent it from interfering with the test results. The first airflow driver 22 is activated, drawing dust-laden air from the tunnel into the flow guide 21 and passing it through the first filter element 41. The first filter element 41 filters the dust, and the filtered air enters the detection device 1 for monitoring.

[0070] Since the particle size of dust is usually 0.1μm~1μm, and the particle size of solid particles generated by overheating of the material is generally nanometer-level, it is only necessary to select a first filter element 41 with a pore diameter of 0.05μm~0.1μm to filter the dust. Since the particle size of solid particles generated by overheating of the material is generally nanometer-level, the solid particles will not be filtered by the first filter element 41 and can enter the detection tube 12.

[0071] In order to improve the filtering effect, the filter assembly further includes a second filter element 42 located downstream of the first filter element 41 . The filter pore diameter of the second filter element 42 is smaller than the filter pore diameter of the first filter element 41 .

[0072] When in use, the gas is preliminarily filtered by the first filter element 41 and then further filtered by the second filter element 42, thereby improving the filtering effect.

[0073] The first filter element 41 and the second filter element 42 each include a filter core 401 and a mounting shell 402 . The filter holes are provided on the filter core 401 , and the filter core 401 is detachably mounted on the mounting shell 402 .

[0074] The mounting shell 402 has an air flow inlet and an air flow outlet, and the filter element 401 is located between the air flow inlet and the air flow outlet of the mounting shell 402; a slot for inserting the filter element 401 is provided on the mounting shell 402, and the filter element 401 can be detachably inserted into the slot of the mounting shell 402, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0075] A buffer tank 5 is provided between the first filter element 41 and the second filter element 42. The air inlet of the buffer tank 5 is connected to the air outlet of the first filter element 41, and the air outlet of the buffer tank 5 is connected to the air inlet of the second filter element 42. The waste outlet 51 of the buffer tank 5 is connected to the tunnel. Preferably, the air inlet of the buffer tank 5 is arranged higher than the air outlet.

[0076] It can be understood that if a buffer tank 5 is not set between the guide tube 21 and the detection device 1, the airflow with unstable air pressure and flow rate entering the guide tube 21 from the tunnel will flow directly into the detection device 1, affecting the detection effect; in this embodiment, by setting the buffer tank 5, the stability of the airflow is improved, so that the unstable airflow from the guide tube 21 first enters the buffer tank 5 for slow flow, forming an airflow with stable air pressure and flow rate, and then enters the detection device 1 for detection, thereby improving the detection accuracy and reducing the impact on the detection device 1.

[0077] Excess gas in the buffer tank 5 after being filtered by the first filter element 41 can be discharged through the exhaust port 51 of the buffer tank 5. The exhaust port 51 is connected to the second airflow driving element 6. The air inlet of the second airflow driving element 6 is connected to the exhaust port 51, and the air outlet of the second airflow driving element 6 is connected to the tunnel. The second airflow driving element 6 is configured to drive the air flow from the buffer tank 5 to be discharged from the exhaust port 51 into the tunnel. Optionally, the second airflow driving element 6 is an air pump.

[0078] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a cleaning vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and the tunnel fire detection device of the aforementioned embodiment, wherein the tunnel fire detection device is mounted on the outer side wall of the vehicle body through a mounting frame.

[0079] The mounting frame includes a first mounting plate 71 , and the cache tank 5 , the second filter element 42 , the detection device 1 and the first airflow driving element 22 are sequentially arranged and mounted on the first mounting plate 71 .

[0080] The first mounting plate 71 extends in a transverse direction and is mounted on the outer side wall of the vehicle compartment.

[0081] The mounting frame further includes a second mounting plate 72 located below the first mounting plate 71 , and the second airflow driving member 6 is mounted on the second mounting plate 72 .

[0082] The mounting frame further includes a third mounting plate 73 for mounting the position adjustment device. The lead screw 321 is rotatably mounted on the third mounting plate 73 via a mounting block 75 . The power component 323 is also fixedly mounted on the third mounting plate 73 .

[0083] A sliding groove 731 extending laterally is provided on the third mounting plate 73, and a slider 3111 that slides with the sliding groove 731 is provided on the end of the telescopic drive member 311 away from the telescopic rod 312. The sliding groove 731 is used to provide guidance for the overall lateral movement of the lifting mechanism 31, thereby improving the stability of the lateral movement of the air inlet end of the guide pipe 21.

[0084] The mounting frame further includes a fourth mounting plate 74 , on which the first filter element 41 is mounted. The first mounting plate 71 , the second mounting plate 72 and the third mounting plate 73 are all fixedly mounted to the fourth mounting plate 74 .

[0085] While the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made and equivalent components may be substituted without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features described in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner, provided no structural conflicts exist. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel fire detection device, characterized in that: include: A detection device, used to detect and determine whether the airflow entering the detection device poses a fire hazard; A flow guide device, comprising a flow guide pipe and a first airflow driving member, wherein one end of the flow guide pipe is adapted to communicate with the environment in the tunnel, and the other end is communicated with the detection device; the first airflow driving member is configured to drive airflow from the tunnel into the flow guide pipe and then from the flow guide pipe into the detection device; The position adjustment device is drivingly connected to the air inlet end of the guide tube and is used to adjust the position of the air inlet end of the guide tube.

2. The tunnel fire detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position adjustment device includes: A lifting mechanism, wherein the air inlet end of the guide tube is arranged on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used to drive the air inlet end of the guide tube to move in the up and down directions; The transverse movement mechanism is connected to the lifting mechanism and is used to drive the lifting mechanism to move in the transverse direction to adjust the transverse position of the air inlet end of the guide tube.

3. The tunnel fire detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The traverse mechanism is a screw transmission mechanism, which includes a screw extending in the axial direction, a ball rotatably arranged on the screw, and a power component drivingly connected to the screw; The balls are connected to the lifting mechanism, and the lead screw rotates under the drive of the power component to drive the balls thereon to move axially along the lead screw, thereby driving the lifting mechanism and the air inlet end of the guide pipe to move laterally.

4. The tunnel fire detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism comprises: a telescopic driving member, mounted on the ball; The telescopic rod has one end which is telescopically connected to the telescopic driving member, and the other end which extends upward and is telescopically connected to the air inlet end of the guide pipe.

5. The tunnel fire detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Along the flow direction of the airflow, a filter assembly is provided downstream of the flow guide pipe and upstream of the detection device.

6. The tunnel fire detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter assembly includes a first filter element, and the filter pore diameter of the first filter element is 0.05 μm to 0.1 μm.

7. The tunnel fire detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter assembly further includes a second filter element located downstream of the first filter element, wherein the filter pore diameter of the second filter element is smaller than the filter pore diameter of the first filter element.

8. The tunnel fire detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A cache tank is provided between the first filter element and the second filter element; The air inlet of the cache tank is connected to the air outlet of the first filter element, the air outlet of the cache tank is connected to the air inlet of the second filter element, and the waste outlet of the cache tank is connected to the tunnel.

9. The tunnel fire detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device includes a detection chamber, a detection tube, a light source and a photosensitive device arranged in the detection chamber; One end of the detection tube is connected to the air outlet of the guide tube, and the other end passes through the detection chamber and is connected to the tunnel; The light source and the photosensor are located on opposite sides of the detection tube. The light source is arranged toward the detection tube and is used to emit a light beam to the detection tube. The photosensor is used to receive light pulse signals generated by tiny particles generated by the pyrolysis stage of the combustible material when irradiated by light.

10. A cleaning vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle body and the tunnel fire detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tunnel fire detection device is arranged on the vehicle body.

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