Bridge anti-collision facility

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of bridge anti-collision, and particularly relates to a bridge anti-collision facility. Comprising a main energy dissipation unit, the inner side and the outer side of the main energy dissipation unit are connected with an inner side auxiliary energy dissipation unit and an outer side auxiliary energy dissipation unit through fixing bases correspondingly, the anti-collision facility has three-level gradient rigidity, and under the conditions of different ship tonnages and ship speeds, the energy dissipation anti-collision units can be sequentially deformed; ship impact energy is absorbed in three stages. Firstly, the inner side auxiliary energy dissipation anti-collision unit generates elastic deformation to absorb a small amount of collision energy; then, the auxiliary energy-dissipation anti-collision units on the outer side generate elastic-plastic deformation, the energy-dissipation buffering materials are gradually compacted, and a medium amount of collision energy can be absorbed, and finally, the main energy-dissipation units generate elastic-plastic deformation, and the internal buffering energy-dissipation materials are gradually compressed, so that a large amount of collision energy can be absorbed. Through energy absorption in three stages, ship collision prevention protection under different collision working conditions can be achieved, and bidirectional protection of the bridge pier and the ship is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of bridge anti-collision technology, and in particular relates to a bridge anti-collision facility. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing attention paid to the hidden dangers of ship collisions with bridges, anti-ship collision facilities have been installed on new and existing bridges. Common forms of anti-ship collision facilities include fixed fenders, self-floating anti-collision rings, and independent anti-collision piers. Fixed fenders are divided into rubber fenders, composite fenders, steel fenders, etc., which are suitable for waterways with small water level changes and can absorb a small amount of ship impact energy. Self-floating anti-collision rings are divided into composite anti-collision rings, steel structure anti-collision rings, and steel-composite anti-collision rings. They are suitable for waterways with large water level changes and can absorb medium amounts of ship impact energy. Independent anti-collision piers are divided into steel pipe pile anti-collision piers, concrete pile anti-collision piers, and steel pipe composite pile anti-collision piers. They are suitable for waterways with shallow water depths and good geological conditions and can absorb a large amount of ship impact energy.

[0003] During operation, anti-collision facilities may be struck by ships of varying tonnage and speed. The three commonly used anti-collision facilities mentioned above—fixed fenders, self-floating anti-collision rings, and independent anti-collision piers—are designed based on representative ship types. While the rigidity of these anti-collision facilities is fixed, their energy absorption varies significantly under different ship impact conditions, resulting in significant variations in their protective effectiveness against ship and bridge structures during impact. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a bridge anti-collision facility that can absorb impact energy in a graded manner.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided by this application are as follows:

[0006] The present application provides a bridge anti-collision facility, which is arranged around the periphery of the anti-collision body and includes a main energy dissipation unit. The main energy dissipation unit is a box-type structure, and a reinforcing partition and buffering energy dissipation material are provided inside the main energy dissipation unit; the inner and outer sides of the main energy dissipation unit are respectively connected to an inner auxiliary energy dissipation unit and an outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit through a fixed base, and the outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit includes a plurality of outer boxes surrounding the periphery of the main energy dissipation unit, the outer boxes include a spatial lattice body and energy dissipation buffer material, and the inner auxiliary energy dissipation unit includes an elastic buffer device, which is arranged between the main energy dissipation unit and the anti-collision body.

[0007] Optionally, the main energy dissipation unit includes a top plate, a bottom plate and side plates, which form a closed box structure. The main energy dissipation unit is provided with a number of hollow reinforced partitions arranged perpendicular to the side plates, and a number of reinforcing ribs perpendicular to the inner wall of the box are provided between adjacent hollow reinforced partitions.

[0008] Optionally, a transverse reinforcing partition and a longitudinal reinforcing web are provided in the outer box body, the outer box body, the transverse reinforcing partition and the longitudinal reinforcing web form a spatial lattice body, and the energy dissipation and buffering material is provided in the spatial lattice body.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic buffer device includes a buffer panel and a buffer beam, the buffer panel is connected to the fixed base through the buffer beam, and the buffer panel is arranged to fit the anti-collision body.

[0010] Optionally, the fixed base is arranged opposite to the transverse reinforcing partition and the reinforcing rib.

[0011] Optionally, a wear-resistant protective layer is provided between the buffer panel and the anti-collision body.

[0012] Optionally, the anti-collision facility can float up and down along the anti-collision body as the water level changes.

[0013] Optionally, the buffer energy dissipation material and the energy dissipation buffer material include one or more of paulownia wood, polyurethane foam, clay ceramsite, foam concrete and foam aluminum.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The anti-collision facility of the present application has a three-level gradient stiffness and is applied to bridge piers. Under different ship tonnage and ship speed conditions, the energy dissipation and anti-collision unit can be deformed in sequence to absorb the ship impact energy in three stages. In the first stage, the elastic buffer device of the inner auxiliary energy dissipation and anti-collision unit is compressed and elastically deformed, which can absorb a small amount of impact energy. The second stage is the elastic-plastic deformation of the outer auxiliary energy dissipation and anti-collision unit, and the gradual compaction of the energy dissipation and buffering material, which can absorb a medium amount of impact energy. The third stage is the elastic-plastic deformation of the main energy dissipation unit, and the gradual compression of the internal buffering and energy dissipation material, which can absorb a large amount of impact energy. Through the three-stage energy absorption, anti-ship collision protection under different impact conditions can be achieved.

[0016] During a ship collision, the outer auxiliary energy dissipation and collision avoidance unit contacts the ship, while the inner auxiliary energy dissipation and collision avoidance unit contacts the bridge pier. Because the stiffness of the inner and outer auxiliary energy dissipation and collision avoidance units is much smaller than that of the bridge pier and ship, the auxiliary energy dissipation and collision avoidance unit is primarily damaged and deformed during the collision, significantly reducing damage and deformation to the bridge pier and ship, achieving two-way protection for both the pier and the ship.

[0017] The anti-collision segment of the present application is composed of anti-collision units of three stiffnesses, and each unit can be manufactured, installed, repaired and replaced separately, which is convenient for the implementation, maintenance and replacement of bridge anti-ship collision facilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan layout structure of the anti-collision facilities of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the anti-collision facility of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the main energy dissipation unit structure of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit structure of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner auxiliary energy dissipation unit of this application;

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Anti-collision body; 2. Main energy dissipation unit; 21. Top plate; 22. Bottom plate; 23. Side plate; 24. Reinforced partition; 25. Reinforced rib; 26. Buffer energy dissipation material; 3. Fixed base; 4. Outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit; 41. Energy dissipation buffer material; 42. Transverse reinforced partition; 43. Longitudinal reinforced web; 5. Inner auxiliary energy dissipation unit; 51. Buffer panel; 52. Buffer beam; 53. Wear-resistant protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present application, its application, or use.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, a bridge anti-collision facility is arranged around the periphery of the anti-collision body 1, including a main energy dissipation unit 2, which is a box-type structure. A reinforcing partition 24 and a buffering energy dissipation material 26 are provided inside the main energy dissipation unit 2; the inner and outer sides of the main energy dissipation unit 2 are respectively connected to an inner auxiliary energy dissipation unit 5 and an outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit 4 through a fixed base 3, and the outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit 4 includes a plurality of outer boxes surrounding the main energy dissipation unit 2, the outer boxes including a spatial lattice and energy dissipation buffer material 41, and the inner auxiliary energy dissipation unit 5 includes a plurality of elastic buffer devices, which are arranged between the main energy dissipation unit 2 and the anti-collision body 1.

[0029] Anti-collision facilities can be installed on the periphery of bridge piers and ships. In this embodiment, the anti-collision facilities are installed on the periphery of the bridge piers. When ships of different tonnages and speeds collide with the bridge piers, the energy dissipation and anti-collision units can deform in sequence, absorbing the ship's impact energy in three stages. In the first stage, the elastic buffer device of the inner auxiliary energy dissipation and anti-collision unit is compressed and elastically deformed, which can absorb a small amount of impact energy. In the second stage, the outer auxiliary energy dissipation and anti-collision unit undergoes elastic-plastic deformation, and the energy dissipation and buffer material 41 is gradually compacted, which can absorb a moderate amount of impact energy. In the third stage, the main energy dissipation unit 2 undergoes elastic-plastic deformation, and the internal buffering and energy dissipation material 26 is gradually compressed, which can absorb a large amount of impact energy. Through three stages of energy absorption, anti-ship impact protection can be achieved under different impact conditions. Because the stiffness of the inner and outer auxiliary energy dissipation and anti-collision units is much smaller than that of the bridge piers and ships, the main damage deformation of the auxiliary energy dissipation and anti-collision units during the collision can significantly reduce the damage deformation of the bridge piers and ships, achieving two-way protection for the bridge piers and ships.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0032] The main energy dissipation unit 2 comprises a top plate 21, a bottom plate 22, and inner and outer side plates 23. These plates 21, 22, and side plates 23 form a closed box structure. Several hollow reinforcing baffles 24 are positioned perpendicular to the side plates 23 within the main energy dissipation unit 2. Between adjacent hollow reinforcing baffles 24 are several reinforcing ribs 25 perpendicular to the inner wall of the main energy dissipation unit 2. Buffering and energy dissipation material 26 fills the cavity of the main energy dissipation unit 2. The hollow reinforcing baffles 24 enhance the overall rigidity of the main energy dissipation unit 2 while also allowing the buffering and energy dissipation material 26 to be integrated within the unit 2, providing enhanced cushioning. The box frame dimensions can be determined by adjusting the width and thickness of the top and bottom plates 21, 22, and the height and thickness of the web plates according to the required defense requirements for different waterway grades. Simultaneously, the spacing, thickness, and height of the reinforcing baffles 24, as well as the spacing, thickness, and height of the stiffening ribs, are adjusted accordingly to form the reinforced steel structure system of the main energy dissipation and collision avoidance unit. According to different energy absorption requirements, the buffering and energy dissipation material 26 can be filled with paulownia wood, polyurethane foam, clay pellets, foam concrete, foam aluminum, etc. On the one hand, the buffering and energy dissipation material 26 can absorb part of the impact energy when it is compressed and deformed. At the same time, by constraining the steel structure, the bearing capacity of the reinforced steel structure is improved. On the other hand, since the density of the energy dissipation and buffering material 41 is lower than that of water, after a ship collision causes damage to the anti-ship collision facility, it can provide buoyancy for the anti-ship collision facility, which is conducive to the later maintenance and replacement of the anti-ship collision facility.

[0033] The outer box body is provided with a transverse reinforcing partition 42 and a longitudinal reinforcing web 43. The outer box body, the transverse reinforcing partition 42 and the longitudinal reinforcing web 43 form a spatial lattice body to enhance the overall force-bearing performance. The energy dissipation buffer material 41 is arranged in the spatial lattice body to improve the stiffness and energy absorption of the outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit 4. According to the defense requirements required by different waterway grades, the thickness, width and height of the outer box body can be adjusted. At the same time, the thickness and height of the transverse reinforcing partition 42 and the thickness and width of the longitudinal reinforcing web 43 are adjusted accordingly to form a stiffening structure system of the outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit 4. The energy dissipation buffer material 41 can be filled with paulownia wood, polyurethane foam, foam concrete, foam aluminum, etc. according to different defense energy absorption requirements. The outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit 4 adopts one-piece molding technology, which is beneficial to improving its overall bearing capacity.

[0034] The fixed base 3 is arranged opposite to the transverse reinforcing partition 42 and the reinforcing rib 25, thereby enhancing the overall rigidity and stability of the anti-collision facility.

[0035] The elastic buffer device includes a buffer panel 51 and a buffer beam 52. The buffer panel 51 is connected to the fixed base 3 through the buffer beam 52. The buffer panel 51 is arranged in close contact with the anti-collision body 1 to further enhance the buffering capacity of the elastic buffer device.

[0036] In order to reduce the wear on the pier structure, a wear-resistant protective layer 53 is provided between the buffer panel 51 and the anti-collision body 1 .

[0037] By combining the anti-collision facility structure with the buffer and energy dissipation materials 26 and the energy dissipation and buffer materials 41 in the present application, the anti-collision facility can float up and down along the anti-collision body 1 as the water level changes.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:

[0040] The main energy dissipation unit 2 is composed of multiple box-type structures, including corner boxes on both sides and square boxes between the corner boxes on both sides. Stainless steel flanges are used to connect the corner boxes and the square boxes, and the square boxes to each other. Therefore, each unit of the anti-collision facility can be manufactured, installed, repaired and replaced separately, which is convenient for the implementation, maintenance and replacement of the bridge's anti-ship collision facilities.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0042] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A bridge anti-collision facility, arranged around the periphery of an anti-collision body (1), characterized in that: The invention comprises a main energy dissipation unit (2), which is a box-type structure. A reinforcing partition (24) and a buffering energy dissipation material (26) are provided inside the main energy dissipation unit (2); the inner and outer sides of the main energy dissipation unit (2) are respectively connected to an inner auxiliary energy dissipation unit (5) and an outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit (4) through a fixed base (3); the outer auxiliary energy dissipation unit (4) comprises a plurality of outer boxes surrounding the main energy dissipation unit (2), the outer boxes comprising a space lattice structure and energy dissipation buffer material (41); the inner auxiliary energy dissipation unit (5) comprises an elastic buffer device, and the elastic buffer device is provided between the main energy dissipation unit (2) and the anti-collision body (1).

2. The anti-collision facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main energy dissipation unit (2) comprises a top plate (21), a bottom plate (22) and side plates (23), wherein the top plate (21), the bottom plate (22) and the side plates (23) form a closed box structure. A plurality of hollow reinforcement partitions (24) arranged perpendicularly to the side plates (23) are provided in the main energy dissipation unit (2), and a plurality of reinforcement ribs (25) perpendicular to the inner wall of the box are provided between adjacent hollow reinforcement partitions (24).

3. The anti-collision facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer box body is provided with a transverse reinforcing partition (42) and a longitudinal reinforcing web (43); the outer box body, the transverse reinforcing partition (42) and the longitudinal reinforcing web (43) form a spatial lattice structure; and the energy dissipation buffer material (41) is provided in the spatial lattice structure.

4. The anti-collision facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic buffer device comprises a buffer panel (51) and a buffer beam (52); the buffer panel (51) is connected to the fixed base (3) via the buffer beam (52); and the buffer panel (51) is arranged in close contact with the anti-collision body (1).

5. The anti-collision facility according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed base (3) is arranged opposite to the transverse reinforcement partition (42) and the reinforcement rib (25).

6. The anti-collision facility according to claim 4, characterized in that: A wear-resistant protective layer (53) is provided between the buffer panel (51) and the anti-collision body (1).

7. The anti-collision facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-collision facility can float up and down along the anti-collision body (1) as the water level changes.

8. The anti-collision facility according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buffering and energy dissipating material (26) and the energy dissipating and buffering material (41) include one or more of paulownia wood, polyurethane foam, clay ceramsite, foamed concrete and foamed aluminum.

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