Rudder blade inner hole machining device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rudder blade inner hole processing device, which relates to the technical field of rudder blade hole processing and comprises a main shaft, a main shaft rod driving mechanism is arranged on the main shaft, two ends of the main shaft are respectively arranged on a large bearing seat and a small bearing seat through bearings, and a plurality of inclined planes with different tapers are arranged on the outer circle of the main shaft. A transmission mechanism is arranged on each inclined face, a conical face machining assembly is arranged on each transmission mechanism, straight rails are arranged on the portions, on the two sides of the inclined faces, of the main shaft, straight hole machining assemblies are arranged on straight rail sliding blocks, and a plane tool rest and an adjusting cushion block are arranged at the end of the main shaft. The spindle rod driving mechanism drives the spindle to achieve combined machining of taper holes, straight holes, end faces, oil grooves and key grooves with different tapers. The rudder blade machining device is reasonable in structural design, high in universality and high in machining precision, a single set of equipment can cover machining of more rudder blades, diversified machining requirements of shipyards are met, repeated investment of the equipment is reduced, and production cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rudder blade hole processing, in particular to a processing device for composite features such as tapered holes, straight holes, oil grooves, sealing grooves and end faces of various specifications in steel structures such as rudder blades. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of shipbuilding, the variety of ship types and the continuous increase in load capacity have led to the emergence of a wide variety of rudder blades. Take the following two simple and complex products as examples: Figure 1 The parts that need to be processed are tapered holes, oil grooves, and upper and lower end faces. Figure 2 The parts that need to be processed include tapered holes, oil grooves, straight holes at the large end of the tapered holes, straight holes at the small end of the tapered holes, and end faces at the upper and lower ends. It can be seen that the size, length, taper ratio, oil grooves, and end face forms of the tapered holes in the rudder blades of each ship type are different. The equipment currently on the market for processing these rudder blade inner holes has poor versatility, and rudder blade manufacturers often have to purchase multiple sets of equipment.

[0003] In terms of the number of equipment, most shipyards or rudder blade manufacturing units at home and abroad currently have at least one set of equipment or tooling for each processing taper. As a result, the procurement of equipment, subsequent maintenance, site occupation, and construction switching all result in significant financial expenditure.

[0004] In terms of equipment form, the mainstream configurations on the market currently use hoop-type and track-type structures. The product defects of the two forms are briefly described as follows:

[0005] For the hoop type Figure 3 As shown, the inner hole of the clamp and the inclined surface on the outside of the clamp need to be processed. The processing of the inner hole of the clamp is to meet the matching of the main shaft, and the processing of the inclined surface on the outside of the clamp is to meet the processing of the tapered hole. Thus, two processing areas are generated, and the processing errors of the two positions are accumulated. The size of the spindle rod affects the size of the clamp, which also affects the processing range of the inner hole of the equipment. The installation of the clamp will also indirectly affect the overall stiffness of the spindle, making it difficult to obtain quite accurate precision. For the case where there are straight holes at both ends of the tapered hole, the switching work is also slightly cumbersome, and the tooling can only process one specification of tapered hole.

[0006] For parallel track type Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the rail-type structure and the center arrangement of the screw directly destroys the rigidity of the spindle rod, and the slider cannot be firmly clamped on the parallel rail surface, which directly leads to the loss of machining accuracy. Moreover, this type of equipment can only process tapered holes. For the case where there are straight holes and end surface oil grooves on the tapered hole (similar to Figure 2The straight holes at both ends of the tapered hole) cannot be solved by this type of equipment. The straight hole can only be processed by the method of processing the tapered hole. That is, the inner hole processed is still a conical surface rather than a straight hole. Strictly speaking, it cannot meet the requirements of the drawing at all; and the tooling can only process one specification of tapered hole. Such utilization is also a waste of rod material.

[0007] Since the accuracy of the above solution does not meet the standards, the user unit must use a lot of manual labor to carry out blending in the later stage, which results in a large amount of waste of equipment, funds and time. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above technical problems and provide a rudder blade inner hole processing device. A single set of equipment can meet the diversified processing needs of rudder blade inner holes in shipyards, with low production cost and high processing accuracy.

[0009] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and meet the above technical requirements, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a rudder blade inner hole processing device, including a main shaft, a main shaft rod driving mechanism is provided on the main shaft, the two ends of the main shaft are respectively arranged on the large bearing seat and the small bearing seat through bearings, the outer circle of the main shaft is provided with a plurality of inclined surfaces with different tapers, each of the inclined surfaces is provided with a transmission mechanism, a tapered surface processing assembly is provided on the transmission mechanism, straight rails are provided on the main shaft on both sides of the inclined surface, and a straight hole processing assembly is provided on the straight rail slider, a flat tool holder and an adjustment pad are provided on the end of the main shaft, and the main shaft is driven by the main shaft rod driving mechanism to realize the composite processing of tapered holes with different tapers, straight holes, end faces, oil grooves and keyways.

[0010] Preferably: the transmission mechanism includes a linear guide rail, a ball screw is provided in the middle of the linear guide rail, a screw shaft is provided on the ball screw, the ball screw is connected to the feed mechanism through a coupling A, a transmission shaft, and a coupling B, and the direction and rotation speed of the ball screw are controlled by the feed mechanism to control the movement of the tool holder.

[0011] Preferably, the feed mechanism is configured as a tool box or an electric feed.

[0012] Preferably, the spindle rod driving mechanism includes a sprocket, the sprockets are arranged in an opposing manner through bolts, and the inner hole of the sprocket is provided with a keyway connected to the spindle key.

[0013] Preferably, the conical surface processing assembly includes a conical surface tool holder, the conical surface tool holder is arranged on the linear guide rail slider, the bottom surface of the conical surface tool holder is flexibly connected to the lead screw, and a conical surface tool holder or a power head is arranged on the conical surface tool holder.

[0014] Preferably: the straight hole processing assembly includes a straight hole tool holder, the straight hole tool holder is provided with a straight hole tool holder and a plurality of linear bearing holes, a linear bearing is provided in the linear bearing hole, one end of the traction shaft is provided on the lead screw, and the other end is provided in the linear bearing.

[0015] Preferably: the straight hole tool holder is configured as an embracing structure, including an upper tool holder and a lower tool holder, the ends of the upper tool holder are spaced apart with an upper clamping block and an upper clamping groove, the ends of the lower tool holder are spaced apart with a lower clamping block and a lower clamping groove, the upper clamping block and the lower clamping groove, the lower clamping block and the upper clamping groove are correspondingly arranged, and the upper tool holder and the lower tool holder are cross-fixed on the straight rail slider by bolts.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of threaded holes are provided at both ends of the main shaft for mounting a planar tool holder.

[0017] Preferably: the planar tool holder includes an arm body, a second lead screw and a second linear guide rail are provided on the arm body, a second feed mechanism is provided at the end of the arm body, the second feed mechanism is connected to the second lead screw, and the second linear guide rail slider is connected to the planar tool holder through a transition block, and the transition block is flexibly connected to the second lead screw.

[0018] Compared with the traditional structure, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. The utility model has a reasonable structural design. A single set of equipment can meet the diversified processing needs of the shipyard. A single set of equipment can cover the processing of more rudder blades, reducing repeated investment in equipment and saving production costs. The coordinated use of linear rails and lead screws also enables the equipment to obtain extremely high processing accuracy. No brushing is required after processing, which greatly reduces the time of subsequent processes and shortens the rudder blade manufacturing cycle. It solves many major problems such as the slow progress of subsequent processes caused by the investment of multiple sets of equipment and poor accuracy in the unit.

[0020] 2. The utility model has strong versatility and can realize the processing of composite internal holes such as tapered holes, straight holes, end faces, oil grooves, keyways, etc. By arranging inclined surfaces of various specifications on the main spindle, it can meet the processing needs of tapered holes with different taper specifications; straight rails are arranged on both sides of the inclined surface, and a facing straight hole tool holder is adopted to achieve the purpose of straight hole processing; threaded holes are distributed on the side of the main spindle, and the flat tool holder is threadedly connected to the main spindle, which can be freely adjusted to adapt to the processing of different hole lengths.

[0021] 3. The linear movement of the straight hole processing components is achieved through the coordinated use of the traction shaft and the linear bearing. The optical axis of the traction shaft cooperates with the linear bearing to compensate for the height difference of the tool movement on the straight surface driven by the lead screw on the inclined surface while traction. The linear bearing uses ball rollers inside and seals at both ends to prevent iron chips from entering. The use of linear bearings greatly reduces the traction resistance and facilitates the implementation of straight hole processing.

[0022] 4. The utility model is easy to maintain, and the processing accuracy does not depend on the accuracy of the rod body shape. Damage to the rod body surface will not affect the use of the equipment, and the subsequent maintenance cost is reduced. The product has a built-in component backup property. When one set is working, the other set is equivalent to a backup. Problems on site can be easily replaced and solved, reducing downtime and not delaying processing progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tapered hole structure in the rudder blade of an LNG carrier.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tapered hole structure in the rudder blade of an icebreaker;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hoop-type inner hole processing device in the prior art;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parallel track type inner hole processing device in the prior art;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of various tapered hole processing combinations of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the straight hole processing combination of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the end face processing combination of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the flat tool holder structure of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 11 This is the second schematic diagram of the flat tool holder structure of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal transmission chain of the main shaft of the utility model;

[0035] In the figure: 1. Feed mechanism, 1A. Tool box, 1B. Electric feed, 2. Spindle rod drive mechanism, 3A. Large bearing seat, 3B. Small bearing seat, 4. Spindle, 5. Straight hole processing assembly, 51. Traction shaft, 52. Straight hole tool holder, 53. Linear bearing, 54. Straight hole tool holder, 541. Upper tool holder, 542. Lower tool holder, 6. Transmission mechanism, 61. Ball screw, 62. Linear guide, 63. Linear guide slide Block, 64. Coupling A, 65. Drive shaft, 66. Coupling B, 67. Screw, 7. Conical surface processing assembly, 71. Conical tool holder, 71B. Power head, 72. Conical tool holder, 8. Plane tool holder, 81. Plane tool holder, 82. Transition block, 83. Second linear guide rail, 84. Second feed mechanism, 85. Second screw, 86. Arm body, 9. Straight rail, 10. Straight rail slider, 11. Adjustment pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The utility model is further described below.

[0037] Refer to the attached Figure 5-6 A rudder blade inner hole processing device includes a main shaft 4, a main shaft rod driving mechanism 2 is provided on the main shaft 4, and the two ends of the main shaft 4 are respectively arranged on the large bearing seat 3A and the small bearing seat 3B through bearings. The outer circle of the main shaft 4 is provided with several inclined surfaces with different tapers, and each of the inclined surfaces is provided with a transmission mechanism 6. The transmission mechanism 6 is provided with a tapered surface processing component 7. Straight rails 9 are provided on the main shaft 4 on both sides of the inclined surface, and a straight hole processing component 5 is provided on the straight rail slider 10. A flat tool holder 8 is provided at the end of the main shaft 4. The main shaft 4 is driven by the main shaft rod driving mechanism 2 to realize the composite processing of tapered holes with different tapers, straight holes, end faces, oil grooves and keyways.

[0038] The spindle 4 is the core component of this device. According to different customer requirements and specifications, various specifications of inclined surfaces can be arranged on the outside of the spindle 4. For example, the mainstream in the market is 1:15 conical surface and 1:12 conical surface, but in some special projects there are still 1:18, 1:20 and other taper specifications. This application only uses 1:15 and 1:12 inclined surfaces as an illustration, but the requirements of this application are not limited to these types of conical surfaces, and can also cover the situation where multiple conical surfaces are arranged in an interlaced manner.

[0039] After arranging the inclined surface corresponding to the taper A on the outside of the main shaft 4, the inclined surface corresponding to the tapered surface B can be arranged on the opposite side, or the main shaft 4 can be divided into three or four parts to arrange more inclined surfaces, or two or more track surfaces can be arranged on a single side, and space can be left on both sides of the two inclined surfaces on different surfaces to arrange the straight rail 9. In this way, multiple track arrangements can be realized to cover more processing requirements.

[0040] The spindle 4 has undergone a strict balancing design to avoid affecting the processing accuracy of the equipment due to its own uneven rotation; the grooves arranged on the spindle 4 are all symmetrically designed. If it is necessary to switch to a taper, the rotary feed mechanism 1 can be directly connected and installed; while the spindle 4 is arranged with various inclined surfaces or straight rail surfaces, it still retains arc surfaces in four directions to facilitate the centering adjustment when the final equipment is used; the spindle 4 is provided with reasonable lifting holes and chip removal holes.

[0041] The transmission mechanism 6 includes a linear guide rail 62, a ball screw 61 is provided in the middle of the linear guide rail 62, and a screw thread 67 is provided on the ball screw 61, so that a stable operation and transmission platform can be obtained. Figure 12 As shown, the feed mechanism 1 transmits power to the ball screw 61 through the coupling B66, the transmission shaft 65, and the coupling A64. The rotation of the ball screw 61 can control the movement of the screw actuator 67, thus forming a complete transmission chain. The arrangement of other inclined surfaces is the same. The ball screw actuator 67 is specially designed to accept side connection (traction shaft 51) and upper connection (conical tool holder 72), so as to meet the needs of tool movement on inclined and straight surfaces.

[0042] If space is limited, the traction of the slider on the straight rail will be carried out with the help of the flexible surface on the inclined rail. If there is redundant space, the straight rail can be equipped with a ball screw alone without sharing it with other traction.

[0043] The tool box 1A is mechanically driven and can also be electrically controlled. The ultimate goal is to output different speeds and rotation directions through internal gear transmission, thereby controlling the direction and rotation speed of the ball screw 61 inside the main shaft 4 connected to it, thereby controlling the movement of the tool holder; the tool box 1A and the main shaft 4 are fixed with only two bolts, which is convenient for quick fixing and disassembly; a fixing hole is provided inside the tool box to facilitate the storage of the operating handle to prevent loss.

[0044] The spindle drive mechanism 2 includes sprockets arranged in a bolted arrangement. The sprockets have keyways within their bores, allowing for keyed connection to the spindle 4. While end-mounted or sled-mounted reducers are also possible, this transmission method remains the preferred option given the limited space available for the internal gearing of some complex rudder blades. The spindle drive mechanism 2 primarily drives the spindle 4. The sprockets can be powered by electricity, pneumatics, or hydraulics. The power input described herein is merely illustrative, and the specific implementation is not limited thereto.

[0045] The large bearing seat 3A and the small bearing seat 3B are supports for the main shaft 4 and are installed at both ends of the main shaft 4. The overall structure is an upper and lower embracing structure with dustproof protection at both ends to ensure that the interior is not contaminated. The base of the bearing seat is arranged with fixing holes and adjustment holes. The adjustment holes are threaded and installed with bolts. The height and horizontal inclination of the bearing seat are adjusted by adjusting the height of the bolts. The fixing holes are waist-shaped holes. After the adjustment is completed, the entire bearing seat can be completely fixed with the internal bolts.

[0046] Combined with attachment Figure 8 The straight hole processing component 5 includes a straight hole tool holder 54, and the straight hole tool holder 54 is provided with a straight hole tool holder 52 and several linear bearing holes. The tool operation range is determined in combination with the actual situation on site, and which bearing hole to use is determined. A linear bearing 53 or a guide sleeve is provided in the linear bearing hole. The linear bearing 53 adopts ball rollers inside, and seals are used at both ends to prevent iron chips from entering. The use of the linear bearing 53 greatly reduces the traction resistance, which facilitates the implementation of straight hole processing; one end of the traction shaft 51 is set on the screw actuator 67, and the optical axis part of the other end is set in the linear bearing 53. The straight hole tool holder 54 is pulled by the traction shaft 51, thereby realizing the linear motion of the tool holder; the coordinated use of the traction shaft 51 and the linear bearing 53 can make up for the height difference of the tool movement on the straight surface driven by the screw actuator on the inclined surface while traction.

[0047] The tool holder adopts a universal design and can be installed on the straight hole tool holder 54 or the conical tool holder 72. A fine-tuning tool holder can also be installed on the tool holder; the height of the tool holder can be flexibly changed according to the aperture size of the workpiece. The attached figure shows only the most basic version. The processing of inner holes of different apertures can be achieved in a stacked or telescopic form.

[0048] The straight hole tool holder 54 is configured as an embracing structure, including an upper tool holder 541 and a lower tool holder 542. The ends of the upper tool holder 541 are spaced apart with upper clamping blocks and upper clamping grooves, and the ends of the lower tool holder 542 are spaced apart with lower clamping blocks and lower clamping grooves. The upper clamping blocks and the lower clamping grooves, and the lower clamping blocks and the upper clamping grooves are correspondingly arranged. The upper tool holder 541 and the lower tool holder 542 are cross-fixed on the straight rail slider 10 by bolts.

[0049] The upper tool holder 541 and the lower tool holder 542 can be used together or separately. The straight hole tool holder 52 can be installed on them, or the tool can be directly installed. Unlike the common internal hole tool holders on the market, since the linear rail and the slider themselves have good precision, the tool holder on this device is a simple part that does not require strict matching accuracy, and the processing time and cost are greatly reduced.

[0050] Combined with attachment Figure 7The conical surface processing assembly 7 includes a conical surface tool holder 72, which is arranged on the linear guide slider 63. The bottom surface of the conical surface tool holder 72 is connected to the screw 67. The movement of the conical surface tool holder 72 is achieved through the movement of the ball screw 61. The conical surface tool holder 72 is provided with a conical surface tool holder 71 or a power head 71B. When the hole of the workpiece is small, the tool can be directly installed on the end of the conical surface tool holder 72. If a larger hole is encountered, the conical surface tool holder 71 can be connected and then the tool can be installed for processing. Similar to the straight hole tool holder 54, thanks to the precision of the linear guide 62, the conical surface tool holder 72 does not require strict matching precision, can be quickly manufactured, and saves costs.

[0051] Combined with attachment Figure 9-11 , the two ends of the spindle 4 are provided with a number of threaded holes for installing the flat tool holder 8. The installation position of the flat tool holder 8 can be determined according to the actual length of the hole on site. In some occasions where the size requirements are very compact, the small end of the spindle 4 reserves an installation position in another direction. As shown in the figure, above the small end of the spindle 4, a smaller tool center height can be obtained.

[0052] The planar tool rest 8 includes an arm body 86, which is equipped with a second lead screw 85 and a second linear guide 83. A second feed mechanism 84 is provided at the end of the arm body 86. The second feed mechanism 84 is connected to the second lead screw 85. The second linear guide slider is connected to the planar tool holder 81 via a transition block 82, and the transition block 82 is flexibly connected to the second lead screw. The drive is driven by a lead screw and a linear rail. The second feed mechanism 84 is arranged at the head and is used in conjunction with an adjustment pad 11 according to the size of the workpiece. The structural form of this component abandons the commonly used clamp structure on the market. The bottom is directly connected to the main shaft 4 via bolts, and the layout position can be flexibly adjusted according to the pitch of the main shaft 4 thread arrangement.

[0053] The height of the adjustment pad 11 can be flexibly controlled, and the heights of the conical tool holder 71, the straight hole tool holder 52 and the flat tool holder 8 can be adjusted according to the actual conditions of the workpiece, thereby achieving perfect adaptation between the equipment and the inner hole radius or flange surface size of the workpiece.

[0054] In specific implementation, the device can realize ① the processing of various tapered holes (including the oil groove on the wall of the tapered hole), ② the processing of straight holes, and ③ the processing of end faces.

[0055] ① Processing of various tapered holes

[0056] Taking a single tapered hole processing as an example, when processing a tapered hole, the equipment performs the following operations: Figure 7As shown in the combined configuration, the equipment mainly consists of a feed mechanism 1, a spindle rod drive mechanism 2, a large bearing seat 3A, a small bearing seat 3B, a spindle 4, a conical tool seat 72 and a conical tool holder 71. After the workpiece is fixed on the processing platform, the height and inclination of the large bearing seat 3A and the small bearing seat 3B are determined according to the machining allowance of the hole and the welding deformation. The feed amount and feed direction of the feed mechanism 1 and the height of the tool clamped on the conical tool holder 71 are adjusted. After preparation is completed, a test run can be carried out. When the spindle 4 obtains the power from the spindle rod drive mechanism 2, the spindle 4 is rotated. After the force is applied, it starts to rotate. The feed mechanism 1 transmits the power to the ball screw 61 through the coupling B66, the transmission shaft 65, and the coupling A64. The ball screw 67 is connected to the conical tool holder 72, and the bottom surface of the conical tool holder 72 is fixed to the linear guide slider 63 installed on the surface. At this moment, the conical tool holder 71 and the conical tool holder 72 can obtain axial running power. At the same time, the conical tool holder 71 and the conical tool holder 72 rotate with the main shaft. Thus, the tool can obtain axial and radial motions, thereby achieving the purpose of inner hole processing.

[0057] For workpieces with different diameters, a pad needs to be inserted under the conical tool holder 71, so that the tool can process different diameters.

[0058] Based on the same principle, when processing the annular oil groove on the conical surface, the tool box 1A is switched to neutral. At this time, the conical tool holder 72 and the conical tool holder 71 cannot obtain the feed of the ball screw 61 in the main shaft 4, and will not perform axial movement. Only circular movement when the main shaft 4 rotates will be performed. In this way, the inner hole can be processed at a fixed position, and the desired oil groove form can be obtained by manual adjustment or automatic adjustment on the conical tool holder 71.

[0059] The machining of straight oil grooves on the conical surface can be divided into two working conditions. Before construction, the tool box 1A (mechanical feed form) needs to be replaced with a combination of servo motor + reducer (electric feed 1B):

[0060] I. When the workpiece has a small hole diameter, the spindle 4 is stationary and does not rotate. The electric feed 1B controls the rotation of the ball screw 61 according to the set speed, thereby driving the tool on the conical tool holder 71 to move along the generatrix of the conical surface, thereby machining a straight oil groove;

[0061] II. When the workpiece has a large aperture that can accommodate the power head 71B, the conical tool holder 71 can be replaced with the power head 71B fixed to the conical tool holder 72. The power head 71B has a small milling cutter on its head. Using the same feed method, the oil groove can be machined more quickly.

[0062] III. The introduction of the power head 71B greatly improves the working efficiency of the equipment. In some cases, manual or electric adjustment of the conical tool holder 72 can fully realize the spatial movement of the tool in the X, Y, and Z directions, thereby even being able to process keyways in holes.

[0063] If other specifications of tapered holes need to be processed, the tool box 1A can be rotated to the corresponding position to establish a new transmission chain, thereby performing new tapered surface processing.

[0064] ② Processing of straight holes

[0065] When machining straight holes (the straight hole machining mentioned here includes straight hole machining and similar Figure 2 The equipment will be used to process the straight holes at both ends of the tapered hole. Figure 8 The equipment is configured as shown. At this time, it is mainly composed of a feed mechanism 1, a spindle rod driving mechanism 2, a large bearing seat 3A, a small bearing seat 3B, a spindle 4, a straight hole tool holder 52, a straight hole tool holder 54, a linear bearing 53, and a traction shaft 51. The preparation work before machining the tapered hole is the same. After the workpiece is fixed on the machining platform, the height and inclination of the large bearing seat 3A and the small bearing seat 3B are determined according to the machining allowance of the hole and the welding deformation. The feed amount and feed direction of the feed mechanism 1 and the height of the tool clamped on the straight hole tool holder 52 are adjusted. After preparation is completed, a test run can be carried out (this step is only for the machining of full-length straight holes. If the straight holes at both ends of the tapered hole are to be machined, these steps are not required because the straight hole The processing is usually carried out after the tapered hole processing is completed). When the spindle 4 obtains power from the spindle rod drive mechanism 2 and starts to rotate, the feed mechanism 1 transmits the power to the ball screw 61 through the transmission shaft and the coupling. The ball screw 67 is connected to the traction shaft 51, and the traction shaft 51 is connected to the straight hole tool holder 54 through the linear bearing 53. As shown in the figure, the upper tool holder 541 and the lower tool holder 542 of the straight hole tool holder 54 are cross-mounted on the straight rail sliders 10 on both sides of the spindle 4, so that the straight hole tool holder 54 can move axially. At the same time, the straight hole tool holder 52 and the straight hole tool holder 54 rotate with the spindle 4, so that the tool can obtain both axial and radial movements, and the purpose of inner hole processing can be achieved.

[0066] The upper blade seat 541 and the lower blade seat 542 of the straight hole blade seat 54 can be installed separately or together.

[0067] According to the size of the hole to be processed, the processing tool can be directly clamped on the upper tool seat 541 and the lower tool seat 542 of the straight hole tool seat 54, or it can be installed on the straight hole tool holder 52. The lower part of the straight hole tool holder 52 can also be connected to the adjustment pad 81 to adjust the height, thereby meeting the processing needs of various small to large holes on the rudder blade.

[0068] For similar Figure 2 The sealing groove of the large hole end face, if space permits, in order to improve work efficiency, it is also possible to consider fixing the power head 71B on the straight hole tool holder 54 to process the workpiece faster.

[0069] ③ End surface processing

[0070] When machining the planes at both ends of the hole, the equipment will follow Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the equipment is mainly composed of a spindle rod drive mechanism 2, a large bearing seat 3A, a small bearing seat 3B, a spindle 4, a height adjustment pad 11, and a flat tool holder 8.

[0071] As for holes of different lengths, it can be seen from the figure that there are many threaded holes distributed on the side of the spindle 4. Whether at the large end or the small end of the spindle 4, the flat tool holder 8 can be freely adjusted to adapt to the processing of different hole lengths.

[0072] For holes of different sizes, the device is equipped with one or more adjustment pads 11, thereby adjusting the height of the tool on the flat tool holder 82 to adapt to the processing of different hole sizes.

[0073] The bottom of the flat tool holder 8 has a key-like protrusion, which cooperates with the groove in the threaded hole opening on the main shaft 4. Therefore, the symmetry axis of the flat tool holder 8 completely coincides with the symmetry axis of the main shaft 4, and there will be no torsion of the symmetry plane.

[0074] The end of the flat tool rest 8 is equipped with a feed mechanism, which can be used for mechanical feed, electric feed, or other energy storage methods. After receiving rotational motion from the outside, the second feed mechanism 84 drives the second lead screw 85 to rotate, thereby driving the second lead screw to move up and down. The tool holder 81 is mounted on the second lead screw via a transition block 82, which drives the tool to move axially along the second lead screw 85. At this time, the spindle 4 is still driven by the spindle rod drive mechanism 2 to rotate. For the tool, this provides both rotational motion and radial motion, thus enabling the machining of the flange end face.

[0075] In summary, this equipment realizes multiple functions, and its modular design can be matched according to the actual use requirements on site, which greatly meets the use on site. It takes into account the processing requirements of multiple features such as various cones, straight holes, oil grooves, end faces, sealing grooves, etc., and avoids the repeated investment in multiple sets of equipment. It surpasses most products on the market in many aspects such as product processing capacity coverage, comprehensive equipment capital investment, processing accuracy, project progress, friendliness and convenience to subsequent whisking processes, and site occupancy.

[0076] Thanks to the extremely high processing precision and great versatility of the equipment, the products processed by this equipment have gradually been used in projects of ordinary civilian ships, special engineering ships, and non-civilian ships, saving money and time for major rudder blade manufacturing units and shipyards.

[0077] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples to clearly illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A rudder blade inner hole machining device, comprising a main shaft (4), characterized in that: The spindle (4) is provided with a spindle rod driving mechanism (2), and the two ends of the spindle (4) are respectively provided on a large bearing seat (3A) and a small bearing seat (3B) through bearings. The outer circle of the spindle (4) is provided with a plurality of inclined surfaces with different tapers, and a transmission mechanism (6) is provided on each inclined surface. A conical surface processing component (7) is provided on the transmission mechanism (6). Straight rails (9) are provided on the spindle (4) on both sides of the inclined surface, and a straight hole processing component (5) is provided on the straight rail slider (10). A flat tool holder (8) and an adjustment pad (11) are provided at the end of the spindle (4). The spindle (4) is driven by the spindle rod driving mechanism (2) to realize composite processing of tapered holes, straight holes, end faces, oil grooves, and keyways with different tapers.

2. The rudder blade inner hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (6) includes a linear guide rail (62), a ball screw (61) is provided in the middle of the linear guide rail (62), a screw shaft (67) is provided on the ball screw (61), and the ball screw (61) is connected to the feed mechanism (1) through a coupling A (64), a transmission shaft (65), and a coupling B (66). The feed mechanism (1) controls the direction and rotation speed of the ball screw (61) to control the movement of the tool holder.

3. The rudder blade inner hole machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed mechanism (1) is configured as a feed box (1A) or an electric feed (1B).

4. The rudder blade inner hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle rod driving mechanism (2) comprises sprockets, the sprockets are arranged in an opposing manner via bolts, and the inner holes of the sprockets are provided with keyways connected to the spindle (4) via keys.

5. The rudder blade inner hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical surface processing assembly (7) includes a conical surface tool holder (72), the conical surface tool holder (72) is arranged on a linear guide rail slider (63), the bottom surface of the conical surface tool holder (72) is connected to a lead screw (67), and a conical surface tool holder (71) or a power head (71B) is arranged on the conical surface tool holder (72).

6. The rudder blade inner hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight hole processing assembly (5) includes a straight hole tool holder (54), a straight hole tool holder (52) and a plurality of linear bearing holes are provided on the straight hole tool holder (54), a linear bearing (53) is provided in the linear bearing hole, and one end of the traction shaft (51) is provided on the lead screw (67), and the other end is provided in the linear bearing (53).

7. The rudder blade inner hole machining device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The straight hole tool holder (54) is configured as an embracing structure, comprising an upper tool holder (541) and a lower tool holder (542); an upper clamping block and an upper clamping groove are provided at intervals at the end of the upper tool holder (541); a lower clamping block and a lower clamping groove are provided at intervals at the end of the lower tool holder (542); the upper clamping block and the lower clamping groove, and the lower clamping block and the upper clamping groove are provided correspondingly; the upper tool holder (541) and the lower tool holder (542) are cross-fixed to the straight rail slider (10) by bolts.

8. The rudder blade inner hole machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of threaded holes are provided at both ends of the main shaft (4) for mounting a planar tool holder (8).

9. The rudder blade inner hole machining device according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The planar tool holder (8) includes an arm body (86), a second lead screw (85) and a second linear guide rail (83) are provided on the arm body (86), a second feed mechanism (84) is provided at the end of the arm body (86), the second feed mechanism (84) is connected to the second lead screw (85), and a planar tool holder (81) is connected to the second linear guide rail slider via a transition block (82), and the transition block (82) is flexibly connected to the second lead screw.

Images