Internal and external pressure balancing device and gas film structure with same

Abstract

The internal and external pressure balancing device comprises an access channel, an inner door and an outer door are arranged at the two ends of the access channel respectively, and a closed space is formed among the inner door, the outer door and the access channel; a retaining wall is arranged outside the access channel, and an air film space is formed among the retaining wall, the access channel, the inner door and the air film body; the first interaction channel is communicated with the closed space and is used for communicating or separating the closed space from the outside; the second interaction channel is communicated with the closed space and used for enabling the closed space to be communicated with or separated from the gas film space, and the gas film space, the closed space and the outside are defined through cooperation of the access channel, the inner door, the outer door and the retaining wall; meanwhile, through cooperation of the first interaction channel, the second interaction channel and the inner door and the outer door, the inner door and the outer door are opened and closed by adjusting the air pressure difference among the air film space, the closed space and the outside, pressure borne by the inner door and the outer door in the opening and closing process is reduced, the failure rate of the inner door and the outer door is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of air films, in particular to an internal and external pressure balancing device and an air film structure having the same. Background Art

[0002] Air membrane structures are flexible structures that rely primarily on fans to supply air and pressurize the enclosed space within the membrane, creating a pressure differential between the inside and outside of the membrane, thereby supporting the main body of the membrane. However, air membrane structures require high airtightness in the enclosed space. To prevent the membrane from losing pressure due to indoor air leakage when the door is opened, access doors (for personnel, vehicles, maintenance, etc.) are required at the entrance and exit of the air membrane structure. These access doors maintain a stable air pressure inside the membrane, allowing personnel, vehicles, or equipment to enter and exit, meeting functional requirements.

[0003] However, existing passage doors still have the following drawbacks: During the opening and closing process, the ventilation efficiency of the passage door is poor, resulting in uneven pressure inside and outside the door. Furthermore, opening the door under pressure can damage the door's springs, slings, and motor. Specifically, when the door is opened under pressure, the springs are subjected to greater instantaneous tension, which can accelerate fatigue and aging. Long-term operation can degrade the spring's elasticity and shorten its service life. Excessive pressure can exceed the spring's tolerance limit, causing deformation or even breakage. Furthermore, the slings must withstand greater instantaneous loads, which can damage the sling's fiber structure and reduce its strength and durability. Higher pressure can also cause greater shear forces at the connection between the sling and the door, increasing the risk of damage. Furthermore, when the door is opened under pressure, the motor must output greater power to overcome the pressure, increasing the motor's operating current and heat generation. Long-term high-load operation can cause the motor to overheat, damaging its insulation and shortening its service life. Frequent opening under pressure will cause the mechanical parts of the motor to be subjected to greater stress and accelerate the wear, such as gears and bearings, which may lead to an increase in the frequency of motor failures. When the springs, slings and motors are damaged or fail, the equipment needs to be maintained frequently, which consumes a lot of maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an internal and external pressure balancing device and an air film structure having the same. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] An internal and external pressure balancing device, comprising:

[0006] An inlet and outlet passage, wherein an inner door and an outer door are respectively provided at both ends of the inlet and outlet passage, and a closed space is formed between the inner door, the outer door and the inlet and outlet passage; a retaining wall is provided on the outside of the inlet and outlet passage, and the retaining wall is used to connect with the air film body to form an air film space between the inlet and outlet passage, the inner door and the air film body;

[0007] a first interactive channel, communicating with the enclosed space and used to connect or isolate the enclosed space from the outside;

[0008] The second interactive channel is connected to the enclosed space and is used to connect or isolate the enclosed space from the air film space.

[0009] In a specific embodiment, the retaining wall is located on the outer wall of the access channel and in the middle of the length direction of the access channel;

[0010] The first interactive channel is located between the retaining wall and the outer door, and the second interactive channel is located between the retaining wall and the inner door.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, the retaining wall is located on the outer wall of the access passage and is close to the outer door.

[0012] The first interactive channel includes a ventilation pipe, one end of which is connected to the enclosed space, and the other end of which passes through the retaining wall and is connected to the outside world;

[0013] The second interactive channel includes a vent, which communicates with the enclosed space and the air film space and is located on a side of the retaining wall away from the outer door.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the retaining wall is located on the outer wall of the access passage and is close to the inner door.

[0015] The first interactive channel includes a vent, which connects the enclosed space with the outside and is located on a side of the retaining wall away from the inner door;

[0016] The second interactive channel includes a ventilation pipe, one end of which is connected to the enclosed space, and the other end of which passes through the retaining wall and is connected to the air film space.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, both the first interactive channel and the second interactive channel are provided with an opening and closing device, the opening and closing device of the first interactive channel is used to connect the enclosed space with the outside when opened; the opening and closing device of the second interactive channel is used to connect the enclosed space with the air film space when opened;

[0018] The internal and external pressure balancing device also includes a controller, which is used to close the opening and closing device of the first interactive channel and open the outer door when the air pressure in the enclosed space and the outside world meet a first preset condition; and to close the opening and closing device of the second interactive channel and open the inner door when the air pressure in the enclosed space and the air membrane space meet a second preset condition.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the opening and closing device includes one or more of an opening and closing valve, an exhaust valve, a balancing valve and a magnetic valve.

[0020] In a specific embodiment, the outer door and the inner door are both sealed doors that can be opened and closed, and the sealed door includes any one of a lifting door, a sliding door, and a telescopic door.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, an air pressure detection device is provided on the inlet and outlet passage, and the air pressure detection device is connected to the controller.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, the air pressure detection device includes a first differential pressure sensor and a second differential pressure sensor, one end of the first differential pressure sensor is connected to the confined space, and the other end of the first differential pressure sensor is connected to the outside world, one end of the second differential pressure sensor is connected to the confined space, and the other end of the second differential pressure sensor is connected to the air film space;

[0023] Or the air pressure detection device includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor is connected to the enclosed space and is used to detect the air pressure in the enclosed space; the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor are arranged outside the inlet and outlet channels, the second pressure sensor is used to detect the external air pressure, and the third pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure in the air film space.

[0024] An air film structure comprises an air film body and the internal and external pressure balancing device as described above, wherein the air film body is connected to the retaining wall.

[0025] The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention provides an internal and external pressure balancing device and an air film structure having the same, including an inlet and outlet channel, an inner door and an outer door are respectively provided at both ends of the inlet and outlet channel, and a closed space is formed between the inner door, the outer door and the inlet and outlet channel; a retaining wall is provided on the outside of the inlet and outlet channel, and an air film space is formed between the retaining wall and the inlet and outlet channel, the inner door and the air film body; a first interactive channel is connected to the closed space and is used to connect or isolate the closed space from the outside; a second interactive channel is connected to the closed space and is used to connect or isolate the closed space from the air film space. The present invention defines the air film space, the closed space and the outside through the cooperation between the inlet and outlet channel, the inner door, the outer door and the retaining wall; at the same time, through the cooperation between the first interactive channel, the second interactive channel and the inner and outer doors, the air pressure difference between the air film space, the closed space and the outside is adjusted before opening and closing the inner and outer doors, thereby reducing the pressure on the inner and outer doors during the opening and closing process, reducing the failure rate of the inner and outer doors, and extending their service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a first perspective view of the internal and external pressure balancing device provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A second perspective view of the internal and external pressure balancing device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a first cross-sectional view of the internal and external pressure balancing device provided by the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 A second cross-sectional view of the internal and external pressure balancing device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A third cross-sectional view of the internal and external pressure balancing device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a first schematic diagram of the internal and external pressure balancing device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the air film structure provided by the utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a second schematic diagram of the internal and external pressure balancing device provided by the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 1-Entry and exit passage; 2-Exterior door; 3-Interior door; 4-Enclosed space;

[0038] 5-first interactive channel; 6-second interactive channel; 7-retaining wall; 8-controller;

[0039] 9- opening and closing device; 10- air pressure detection device; 11- air film space; 12- air film body;

[0040] 101 - first pressure sensor; 102 - second pressure sensor; 103 - third pressure sensor;

[0041] 104 - first differential pressure sensor; 105 - second differential pressure sensor;

[0042] 561-ventilation pipe; 562-ventilation opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Various embodiments of the present invention will be described more fully below. The present invention can have various embodiments, and modifications and variations can be made therein. However, it should be understood that there is no intention to limit the various embodiments of the present invention to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather that the present invention should be construed to encompass all modifications, equivalents, and / or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Hereinafter, the terms "include" or "may include" used in various embodiments of the present invention indicate the presence of disclosed functions, operations, or elements, and do not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations, or elements. In addition, as used in various embodiments of the present invention, the terms "include", "have" and their cognates are intended only to indicate specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing, and should not be understood as first excluding the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing or the possibility of adding one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1-5 、 Figure 7As shown, the utility model provides an internal and external pressure balancing device and an air film structure having the same, an internal and external pressure balancing device comprising: an inlet and outlet channel 1, an inner door 3 and an outer door 2 being respectively provided at both ends of the inlet and outlet channel 1, and a closed space 4 is formed between the inner door 3, the outer door 2 and the inlet and outlet channel 1; a retaining wall 7 is provided on the outside of the inlet and outlet channel 1, and the retaining wall 7 is used to be connected to the air film body 12 to form an air film space 11 between the inlet and outlet channel 1, the inner door 3 and the air film body 12; a first interactive channel 5 is connected to the closed space 4, and is used to connect or isolate the closed space 4 from the outside world to adjust the air pressure difference between the closed space 4 and the outside world; a second interactive channel 6 is connected to the closed space 4, and is used to connect or isolate the closed space 4 from the air film space 11 to adjust the air pressure difference between the closed space 4 and the air film space 11. The utility model defines the air membrane space 11, the enclosed space 4 and the outside world through the cooperation between the entry and exit channel 1, the inner door 3, the outer door 2 and the retaining wall 7; at the same time, the cooperation between the first interactive channel 5, the second interactive channel 6 and the inner door 3, the outer door 2 adjusts the air pressure difference between the air membrane space 11, the enclosed space 4 and the outside world, so that the inner door 3 and the outer door 2 can be opened and closed under the premise that the air pressure difference is adjusted, thereby reducing the pressure on the inner door 3 and the outer door 2 during the opening and closing process, so that the springs, slings or motors on the inner door 3 and the outer door 2 can operate within the normal design range, the stress borne by the springs is relatively small, and they can maintain relatively stable elastic properties and a relatively long service life. The slings generally do not experience excessive stress and can maintain a good working state and service life. The motor has relatively little heat and wear, can operate stably, and has a long service life, thereby greatly reducing the failure rate of the inner door 3 and the outer door 2, reducing maintenance costs and extending service life.

[0047] Among them, the entry and exit channels are channels for people, cars, etc. to pass through.

[0048] In order to adapt to the needs of different scenarios and sites, the present application has specially designed the position between the retaining wall 7, the first interactive channel 5 and the second interactive channel 6, thereby defining the air membrane space 11 of different sizes and the outside world. At the same time, through the cooperation of the first interactive channel 5, the second interactive channel 6, the inner door 3 and the outer door 2, the purpose of pressure balance in the enclosed space is achieved. The specific design is as follows:

[0049] In one embodiment, Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figures 3 and 7, the retaining wall 7 is located on the outer wall of the inlet and outlet channel 1 and in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the inlet and outlet channel; the first interactive channel 5 is located between the retaining wall 7 and the outer door 2, and the second interactive channel 6 is located between the retaining wall 7 and the inner door 3. The first interactive channel 5 and the second interactive channel 6 are both vents 562. The air membrane space 11, the enclosed space 4 and the outside world are defined by the cooperation between the inlet and outlet channel 1, the inner door 3, the outer door 2 and the retaining wall 7; at the same time, the first interactive channel 5 and the second interactive channel 6 are connected, one connecting the air membrane space 11 and the enclosed space 4, and the other connecting the outside world and the enclosed space 4, so that the gas discharge is relatively independent and the interference is reduced; at the same time, the controller 8 realizes the linkage of the opening and closing of the first interactive channel 5, the second interactive channel 6, the outer door 2 and the inner door 3, so that the air pressure inside and outside the door is uniform, thereby improving the safety and stability of the device. In addition, the first interactive channel 5 and the second interactive channel 6 of this embodiment adopt the design of vents 562, which simplifies the difficulty and cost of installation and simplifies the structure of the internal and external pressure balancing device.

[0050] In another embodiment, Figure 1 、 5 As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the retaining wall 7 is located on the outer wall of the inlet and outlet passage 1, near the outer door 2. The first interactive passage 5 includes a ventilation pipe 561, one end of which connects to the enclosed space 4, and the other end passes through the retaining wall 7 and connects to the outside world. The second interactive passage 6 includes a vent 562, which connects the enclosed space 4 and the outside world, and is located on the side of the retaining wall 7 facing away from the outer door 2. The air membrane space 11, the enclosed space 4, and the outside world are defined by the cooperation between the inlet and outlet passage 1, the inner door 3, the outer door 2, and the retaining wall 7. At the same time, the first interactive passage 5 and the second interactive passage 6 connect the air membrane space 11 and the enclosed space 4, respectively, so that gas emissions are relatively independent and interference is reduced. At the same time, the controller 8 realizes the linkage of the opening and closing of the first interactive passage 5, the second interactive passage 6, the outer door 2, and the inner door 3, so that the air pressure inside and outside the door is uniform, thereby improving the safety and stability of the device. In addition, the internal and external pressure balancing device of this embodiment is mostly placed inside the air membrane space 11, and a small part is placed outside, so it can be applied to smaller sites.

[0051] In other embodiments, Figure 1 、 2As shown in , 4 and 7, the retaining wall 7 is located on the outer wall of the inlet and outlet channel 1 and is close to the area of ​​the inner door 3. The first interactive channel 5 includes a vent 562, which connects the enclosed space 4 and the outside world, and is located on the side of the retaining wall 7 away from the inner door 3; the second interactive channel 6 includes a ventilation pipe 561, one end of the ventilation pipe 561 is connected to the enclosed space 4, and the other end passes through the retaining wall 7 to connect to the air membrane space 11. The air membrane space 11, the enclosed space 4 and the outside world are defined through the cooperation between the inlet and outlet channel 1, the inner door 3, the outer door 2 and the retaining wall 7; at the same time, the first interactive channel 5 and the second interactive channel 6 are connected, one connects the air membrane space 11 and the enclosed space 4, and the other connects the outside world and the enclosed space 4, so that the gas discharge is relatively independent and the interference is reduced; at the same time, the first interactive channel 5, the second interactive channel 6, the outer door 2 and the inner door 3 are linked to each other in opening and closing, so that the air pressure inside and outside the door is uniform, thereby improving the safety and stability of the device. Moreover, a large part of the internal and external pressure balancing device of this embodiment is placed outside, and a small part is placed inside the air film space 11, so it can be applied to a larger venue.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, both the first interactive channel 5 and the second interactive channel 6 are provided with an opening and closing device 9, the opening and closing device 9 of the first interactive channel 5 is used to connect the enclosed space 4 with the outside world when opened; the opening and closing device 9 of the second interactive channel 6 is used to connect the enclosed space 4 with the air film space 11 when opened; the internal and external pressure balancing device also includes a controller 8, the controller 8 is used to close the opening and closing device 9 of the first interactive channel 5 when the air pressure of the enclosed space 4 and the outside world meets the first preset condition, and open the outer door 2; and to close the opening and closing device 9 of the second interactive channel 6 when the air pressure of the enclosed space 4 and the air film space 11 meets the second preset condition, and open the inner door 3. The present application realizes the linkage of the opening and closing of the first interactive channel 5, the second interactive channel 6, the outer door 2 and the inner door 3 through the controller 8, so that the inner door and / or the outer door are opened when the air pressure of the enclosed space 4 and the outside world or the air film space 11 meets the preset condition, thereby reducing the pressure on the inner door and / or the outer door during the opening and closing process, thereby extending the service life.

[0053] Specifically, the first preset condition is that the air pressure difference between the enclosed space 4 and the outside is in the range of 0-50 Pa; the second preset condition is that the air pressure difference between the enclosed space 4 and the air membrane space 11 is in the range of 0-50 Pa.

[0054] Preferably, the inner door 3 and the outer door 2 are opened when the air pressure of the enclosed space 4 and the outside world is in a balanced state or the air pressure of the enclosed space 4 and the air membrane space 11 is in a balanced state. At this time, the pressure on the inner door 3 and the outer door 2 is the smallest; that is, when the air pressure difference between the enclosed space 4 and the outside world is 0, the air pressure of the enclosed space 4 and the outside world is in a balanced state, the opening and closing device 9 of the first interactive channel 5 is closed, and the outer door 2 is opened. When the air pressure difference between the enclosed space 4 and the air membrane space 11 is 0, the enclosed space 4 and the air membrane space 11 are in a balanced state, the opening and closing device 9 of the second interactive channel 6 is closed, and the inner door 3 is opened.

[0055] Among them, closing the opening and closing device 9 of the first interactive channel 5 and opening the outer door 2 can be performed simultaneously or sequentially (i.e., opening the outer door 2 and then slowly closing the opening and closing device 9 of the first interactive channel 5, or closing the opening and closing device 9 of the first interactive channel 5 and then slowly opening the outer door 2). Similarly, closing the opening and closing device 9 of the second interactive channel 6 and opening the inner door 3 can be performed simultaneously or sequentially (i.e., opening the inner door 3 and then slowly closing the opening and closing device 9 of the second interactive channel 6, or closing the opening and closing device 9 of the second interactive channel 6 and then slowly opening the inner door 3).

[0056] The opening and closing device 9 includes one or more of an opening and closing valve, an exhaust valve, a balancing valve, and a magnetic valve. Specifically, the magnetic valve can directly use the attraction of a magnet to control the opening and closing of the valve, or it can generate electromagnetic force by powering on to control the opening and closing of the valve.

[0057] The first interactive channel 5 and the second interactive channel 6 may each be provided with one or more opening and closing devices 9. In one embodiment, if the first interactive channel 5 or the second interactive channel 6 is a vent 562, an opening and closing device 9 is provided at the vent 562. If the first interactive channel 5 or the second interactive channel 6 is a ventilation pipe 561, an opening and closing device 9 is provided at both ends of the ventilation pipe 561.

[0058] The outer door 2 and the inner door 3 are both openable and closable sealed doors, which may include any of a lifting door, a sliding door, and a telescopic door. The design of the sealed doors can further improve the airtightness of the enclosed space 4 within the internal and external pressure balancing device, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the air film structure.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, an air pressure detection device 10 is provided on the inlet and outlet channel 1. The air pressure detection device 10 is connected to the controller 8 and is used to detect the air pressure of the enclosed space 4, the outside world and the air film structure and send it to the controller.

[0060] Specifically, if Figure 6 、 7As shown in Figure 8, the air pressure detection device 10 includes a first differential pressure sensor 104 and a second differential pressure sensor 105, one end of the first differential pressure sensor 104 is connected to the confined space 4, and the other end of the first differential pressure sensor 104 is connected to the outside world, one end of the second differential pressure sensor 105 is connected to the confined space 4, and the other end of the second differential pressure sensor 105 is connected to the air film space 11; or the air pressure detection device 10 includes a first pressure sensor 101, a second pressure sensor 102 and a third pressure sensor 103, the first pressure sensor 101 is connected to the confined space 4, and is used to detect the air pressure in the confined space 4; the second pressure sensor 102 and the third pressure sensor 103 are arranged outside the inlet and outlet channel 1, the second pressure sensor 102 is connected to the outside world, and is used to detect the air pressure of the outside world, and the third pressure sensor 103 is used to detect the air pressure in the air film space 11.

[0061] Preferably, the air pressure detection device 10 includes a first differential pressure sensor 104 and a second differential pressure sensor 105, one end of the first differential pressure sensor 104 is connected to the confined space 4, and the other end of the first differential pressure sensor 104 is connected to the outside world, one end of the second differential pressure sensor 105 is connected to the confined space 4, and the other end of the second differential pressure sensor 105 is connected to the air film space 11. The pressure difference is directly tested by the first differential pressure sensor 104 and the second differential pressure sensor 105. Compared with designing three pressure sensors, the process of data difference calculation is reduced, the measurement precision and accuracy are improved, and the number of sensor settings is reduced. Its flexibility, system simplification and measurement accuracy are improved.

[0062] It also includes a sensing device, which is connected to the controller 8 and is used to sense people or vehicles entering or exiting the entry and exit channel and send the information to the controller 8.

[0063] The internal and external pressure balancing device is specifically configured as follows:

[0064] When the controller 8 detects that a person or vehicle needs to enter the entry and exit channel (entering the enclosed space 4 from the outer door 2), the first interactive channel 5 is automatically opened until the air pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 101 is the same as the air pressure detected by the second pressure sensor 102, and the outer door 2 is opened while the first interactive channel 5 is closed. After the person or vehicle enters the enclosed space 4, the outer door 1 is closed and the second interactive channel 6 is opened at the same time. After the air pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 101 is the same as the air pressure detected by the third pressure sensor 103, the inner door 3 is opened and the second interactive channel 6 is closed. The inner door 3 is closed after the person or vehicle drives out of the enclosed space 4. The present application realizes the linkage of the opening and closing of the first interactive channel 5, the second interactive channel 6, the outer door 2 and the inner door 3 through the controller 8, so that the air pressure inside and outside the door is uniform, avoiding damage to the door due to multiple opening and closing, and improving the service life of the device.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] An air film structure includes an air film body 12 and an internal and external pressure balancing device. The air film body 12 is connected to a retaining wall 7. The utility model uses the internal and external pressure balancing device to achieve the coordinated opening and closing of the first interactive channel 5, the second interactive channel 6, the outer door 2, and the inner door 3, thereby uniformizing the air pressure inside and outside the doors, thereby improving the safety and stability of the air film structure.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of a preferred implementation scenario, and the modules or processes in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily necessary for implementing the present invention.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the implementation scenario can be distributed in the devices of the implementation scenario according to the implementation scenario description, or can be modified accordingly and located in one or more devices different from the implementation scenario. The modules in the above implementation scenario can be combined into one module or further split into multiple submodules.

[0069] The serial numbers of the above utility models are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the implementation scenarios.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal and external pressure balancing device, characterized in that: include: An inlet and outlet passage, wherein an inner door and an outer door are respectively provided at both ends of the inlet and outlet passage, and a closed space is formed between the inner door, the outer door and the inlet and outlet passage; a retaining wall is provided on the outside of the inlet and outlet passage, and the retaining wall is used to connect with the air film body to form an air film space between the inlet and outlet passage, the inner door and the air film body; a first interactive channel, communicating with the enclosed space and used to connect or isolate the enclosed space from the outside; The second interactive channel is connected to the enclosed space and is used to connect or isolate the enclosed space from the air film space.

2. The internal and external pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining wall is located on the outer wall of the inlet and outlet passage and in the middle of the length direction of the inlet and outlet passage; The first interactive channel is located between the retaining wall and the outer door, and the second interactive channel is located between the retaining wall and the inner door.

3. The internal and external pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining wall is located on the outer wall of the access passage and is close to the outer door. The first interactive channel includes a ventilation pipe, one end of which is connected to the enclosed space, and the other end of which passes through the retaining wall and is connected to the outside world; The second interactive channel includes a vent, which communicates with the enclosed space and the air film space and is located on a side of the retaining wall away from the outer door.

4. The internal and external pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining wall is located on the outer wall of the access passage and is close to the inner door. The first interactive channel includes a vent, which connects the enclosed space with the outside and is located on a side of the retaining wall away from the inner door; The second interactive channel includes a ventilation pipe, one end of which is connected to the enclosed space, and the other end of which passes through the retaining wall and is connected to the air film space.

5. The internal and external pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first interactive channel and the second interactive channel are both provided with an opening and closing device. The opening and closing device of the first interactive channel is used to connect the enclosed space with the outside when opened; the opening and closing device of the second interactive channel is used to connect the enclosed space with the air film space when opened; The internal and external pressure balancing device further includes a controller, which is configured to close the opening and closing device of the first interactive channel and open the outer door when the air pressure in the enclosed space and the outside air pressure meet a first preset condition; And when the air pressure of the enclosed space and the air film space meets the second preset condition, the opening and closing device of the second interactive channel is closed and the inner door is opened.

6. The internal and external pressure balancing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening and closing device includes one or more of an opening and closing valve, an exhaust valve, a balancing valve and a magnetic valve.

7. The internal and external pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer door and the inner door are both sealed doors that can be opened and closed, and the sealed door includes any one of a lifting door, a sliding door and a telescopic door.

8. The internal and external pressure balancing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air pressure detection device is provided on the inlet and outlet passage, and the air pressure detection device is connected to the controller.

9. The internal and external pressure balancing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air pressure detection device includes a first differential pressure sensor and a second differential pressure sensor, one end of the first differential pressure sensor is connected to the enclosed space, and the other end of the first differential pressure sensor is connected to the outside world; one end of the second differential pressure sensor is connected to the enclosed space, and the other end of the second differential pressure sensor is connected to the air film space; Or the air pressure detection device includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor is connected to the enclosed space and is used to detect the air pressure in the enclosed space; the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor are arranged outside the inlet and outlet channels, the second pressure sensor is used to detect the external air pressure, and the third pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure in the air film space.

10. An air film structure, characterized in that: It comprises an air film body and the internal and external pressure balancing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the air film body is connected to the retaining wall.

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