Compressed air energy storage system for coupling synthesis ammonia process
By designing a compressed gas energy storage system, the compression and expansion of nitrogen and working fluid storage chambers are utilized to balance the fluctuations of renewable energy, solve the problem of stable gas supply for the synthetic ammonia unit, improve energy utilization and reduce production costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423064726.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-11
AI Technical Summary
How to use energy storage to smooth out the diurnal fluctuations of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power generation to ensure the stable operation of ammonia synthesis plants.
A compressed gas energy storage system is designed, including a gas storage reservoir and an energy storage circuit. The compression and expansion of nitrogen and working fluid storage chambers are used to balance the fluctuations of renewable energy. Nitrogen is stored during the day and released at night to supply the synthetic ammonia unit.
It achieves stable nitrogen and electricity supply for the synthetic ammonia plant under the condition of fluctuations in renewable energy, improves energy utilization and reduces production costs.
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Figure CN223375586U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a compressed gas energy storage system for coupling a synthetic ammonia process. Background Art
[0002] Green ammonia is produced by electrolyzing water to produce green hydrogen using renewable energy. This green hydrogen is then catalytically reacted with nitrogen to synthesize ammonia. Green ammonia is a zero-carbon energy source that can replace traditional fossil fuels to reduce emissions and protect the environment. However, due to the volatility of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic power generation, which fluctuates with the diurnal cycle, the need to mitigate these fluctuations through energy storage and ensure the smooth operation of ammonia synthesis plants has become a pressing issue. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a compressed gas energy storage system for coupling the ammonia synthesis process, which uses energy storage means to smooth out the fluctuations of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation with the diurnal cycle or other cycles, so that nitrogen can be produced and stored during periods of sufficient power generation such as daytime, and the stored compressed nitrogen can be released to supply the ammonia synthesis device during periods of insufficient power generation such as nighttime, thereby ensuring the nitrogen supply for the ammonia synthesis.
[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:
[0005] A compressed gas energy storage system for coupling a synthetic ammonia process, comprising:
[0006] a gas storage reservoir, which is a pressure vessel and is divided into a nitrogen storage chamber and a working fluid storage chamber, each of which is independent of the other; the pressure in the nitrogen storage chamber and the pressure in the working fluid storage chamber are equal and constant; the sum of the volumes of the nitrogen storage chamber and the working fluid storage chamber is constant; and the nitrogen storage chamber is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia synthesis unit;
[0007] a first nitrogen compressor, capable of compressing nitrogen and delivering it to the nitrogen storage chamber;
[0008] The energy storage circuit can compress and liquefy the gaseous working fluid output from the working fluid storage chamber when the nitrogen storage chamber expands and the working fluid storage chamber contracts, or can vaporize the liquid working fluid and transport it back to the working fluid storage chamber when the nitrogen storage chamber contracts and the working fluid storage chamber expands.
[0009] Optionally, the energy storage circuit includes a working fluid liquefaction device, a liquid storage tank, and a working fluid vaporization device connected in sequence, the inlet of the working fluid liquefaction device is connected to the air outlet of the working fluid storage chamber, and the outlet of the working fluid vaporization device is connected to the air inlet of the working fluid storage chamber;
[0010] When the nitrogen storage chamber expands and the working fluid storage chamber contracts, the gaseous working fluid output from the working fluid storage chamber is compressed and liquefied by the working fluid liquefaction equipment and transported to the liquid storage tank; when the working fluid vaporization equipment vaporizes the liquid working fluid in the liquid storage tank and transports it back to the working fluid storage chamber, the working fluid storage chamber expands and the nitrogen storage chamber contracts.
[0011] Optionally, the working fluid liquefaction equipment includes a working fluid gas compressor and a condenser connected in sequence, the air inlet of the working fluid gas compressor is connected to the air outlet of the working fluid storage chamber, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank.
[0012] Optionally, the working fluid gasification equipment includes a booster pump, an evaporator, a superheater and an expander connected in sequence, the inlet of the booster pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank, and the air outlet of the expander is connected to the air inlet of the working fluid storage chamber.
[0013] Optionally, a heat exchanger is provided between the ammonia synthesis device, the evaporator and the superheater.
[0014] Optionally, a second nitrogen compressor is further provided between the nitrogen storage chamber and the ammonia synthesis device.
[0015] Optionally, a heat exchanger is provided between the first nitrogen compressor, the second nitrogen compressor and the working fluid gasification equipment.
[0016] Optionally, the inlet of the first nitrogen compressor is connected to an air separation device capable of separating pure nitrogen, and a heat exchanger is respectively provided between the air separation device and the working fluid gasification equipment.
[0017] Optionally, the working fluid storage chamber and the nitrogen storage chamber are separated by a flexible diaphragm.
[0018] Optionally, the working gas is ammonia.
[0019] The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling the synthetic ammonia process provided in the present application uses energy storage means to smooth out the fluctuations of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation over the diurnal cycle or other cycles, thereby producing and storing nitrogen during periods of sufficient power generation such as daytime, and releasing the stored compressed nitrogen to supply the synthetic ammonia device during periods of insufficient power generation such as nighttime, thereby ensuring the nitrogen supply for synthetic ammonia. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without any creative work.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to the present application.
[0022] exist Figure 1 middle:
[0023] 1. Air separation unit; 2. First nitrogen compressor; 3. Gas storage; 31. Nitrogen storage chamber; 32. Working fluid storage chamber; 33. Flexible diaphragm; 4. Second nitrogen compressor; 5. Ammonia synthesis unit;
[0024] 6. Energy storage circuit; 61. Working gas compressor; 62. Condenser; 63. Liquid storage tank; 64. Booster pump; 65. Evaporator; 66. Superheater; 67. Expander. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The present application provides a compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process, which uses energy storage means to smooth the fluctuations of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation over the diurnal cycle or other cycles, thereby producing and storing nitrogen during periods of sufficient power generation such as daytime, and releasing the stored compressed nitrogen to supply the ammonia synthesis device during periods of insufficient power generation such as nighttime, thereby ensuring the nitrogen supply for ammonia synthesis.
[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the compressed gas energy storage system for coupling the synthetic ammonia process provided by the present application includes a gas storage reservoir 3, a first nitrogen compressor 2 and an energy storage circuit 6, wherein:
[0028] The gas storage reservoir 3 is a pressure vessel and is divided into a nitrogen storage chamber 31 and a working fluid storage chamber 32, each of which is independent of the other. The pressure in the nitrogen storage chamber 31 and the pressure in the working fluid storage chamber 32 are equal and constant, and the sum of the volumes of the nitrogen storage chamber 31 and the working fluid storage chamber 32 is constant. The nitrogen storage chamber 31 is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia synthesis unit 5.
[0029] The first nitrogen compressor 2 is powered by renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, and is capable of compressing nitrogen and delivering it to the nitrogen storage chamber 31;
[0030] The energy storage circuit 6 can compress and liquefy the gaseous working fluid output from the working fluid storage chamber 32 when the nitrogen storage chamber 31 expands and the working fluid storage chamber 32 contracts, or can vaporize the liquid working fluid and transport it back to the working fluid storage chamber 32 when the nitrogen storage chamber 31 contracts and the working fluid storage chamber 32 expands.
[0031] The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling the synthetic ammonia process of the present application uses energy storage means to smooth out the fluctuations of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation with the diurnal cycle or other cycles, thereby storing nitrogen during periods of sufficient power generation such as daytime, and releasing the stored compressed nitrogen to supply the synthetic ammonia device 5 during periods of insufficient power generation such as nighttime, thereby ensuring the nitrogen supply for synthetic ammonia.
[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the energy storage circuit 6 includes a working fluid liquefaction device, a liquid storage tank 63, and a working fluid vaporization device connected in sequence, the inlet of the working fluid liquefaction device is connected to the air outlet of the working fluid storage chamber 32, and the outlet of the working fluid vaporization device is connected to the air inlet of the working fluid storage chamber 32;
[0033] When the nitrogen storage chamber 31 expands and the working fluid storage chamber 32 contracts, the gaseous working fluid output from the working fluid storage chamber 32 is compressed and liquefied by the working fluid liquefaction equipment and transported to the liquid storage tank 63; when the working fluid vaporization equipment vaporizes the liquid working fluid in the liquid storage tank 63 and transports it back to the working fluid storage chamber 32, the working fluid storage chamber 32 expands and the nitrogen storage chamber 31 contracts.
[0034] In this way, during periods of sufficient power generation, the first nitrogen compressor 2 can be used to compress nitrogen and transport it to the nitrogen storage chamber 31. At this time, the nitrogen storage chamber 31 expands and the working fluid storage chamber 32 contracts, and the gaseous working fluid is discharged to the working fluid liquefaction equipment. The working fluid liquefaction equipment liquefies the nitrogen and stores it in the liquid storage tank 63. During non-off-peak periods or at night, the nitrogen storage chamber 31 provides nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis unit 5. At this time, the nitrogen storage chamber 31 contracts and the working fluid storage chamber 32 expands. The working fluid vaporization equipment vaporizes the liquid working fluid in the liquid storage tank 63 and transports it back to the working fluid storage chamber 32 to fill the reduced volume of the nitrogen storage chamber 31.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the working fluid liquefaction equipment includes a working fluid gas compressor 61 and a condenser 62 connected in sequence, the air inlet of the working fluid gas compressor 61 is connected to the air outlet of the working fluid storage chamber 32, the air outlet of the working fluid gas compressor 61 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 62, and the outlet of the condenser 62 is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank 63.
[0036] The working fluid gas compressor 61 is used to increase the pressure of the gaseous working fluid, and the condenser 62 is used to liquefy the gaseous working fluid. The liquefied working fluid is stored in the liquid storage tank 63 to reduce the volume of the working fluid storage chamber 32 and provide space for the expansion of the nitrogen storage chamber 31. In addition, the heat generated by the working fluid liquefaction equipment during operation can be collected and supplied to the working fluid gasification equipment, thereby improving energy utilization.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the working medium gasification equipment includes a booster pump 64, an evaporator 65, a superheater 66, and an expander 67, which are connected in sequence. The inlet of the booster pump 64 is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 63, the outlet of the booster pump 64 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 65, the outlet of the evaporator 65 is connected to the inlet of the superheater 66, the outlet of the superheater 66 is connected to the inlet of the expander 67, and the outlet of the expander 67 is connected to the inlet of the working medium storage chamber 32.
[0038] The booster pump 64 can provide power for the liquid working medium in the liquid storage tank 63 to be discharged. The evaporator 65 is used to vaporize the liquid working medium. The superheater 66 is used to increase the temperature of the gaseous working medium. The expander 67 is used to expand the gaseous working medium to generate electricity. The exhaust gas of the expander 67 returns to the working medium storage chamber 32.
[0039] In this way, the working medium is vaporized and transported back to the working medium storage chamber 32 through the booster pump 64, evaporator 65, superheater 66 and expander 67 connected in series.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment, a heat exchanger is provided between the ammonia synthesis device 5 and the evaporator 65 and the superheater 66 .
[0041] In this way, the heat generated by the synthetic ammonia device 5 during operation can be collected and supplied to the working fluid gasification equipment, thereby improving energy utilization.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a second nitrogen compressor 4 is further provided between the nitrogen storage chamber 31 and the ammonia synthesis device 5 .
[0043] The gas pressure received by the ammonia synthesis device 5 needs to be relatively high. If the second nitrogen compressor 4 is not provided, the pressure of the gas storage reservoir 3 itself needs to be increased. Therefore, the gas pressure supplied to the ammonia synthesis device 5 can be increased by the second nitrogen compressor 4 without increasing the pressure of the gas storage reservoir 3 itself.
[0044] In a preferred embodiment, a heat exchanger is respectively provided between the first nitrogen compressor 2 and the second nitrogen compressor 4 and the working fluid gasification equipment.
[0045] In this way, the heat generated by the first nitrogen compressor 2 and the second nitrogen compressor 4 during operation can be collected and supplied to the working fluid gasification equipment, thereby improving energy utilization.
[0046] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the first nitrogen compressor 2 is connected to an air separation device 1 capable of separating pure nitrogen, and a heat exchanger is provided between the air separation device 1 and the working fluid gasification equipment.
[0047] In this way, nitrogen can be directly separated from air as raw material through the air separation device 1, providing a nitrogen source for the first nitrogen compressor 2 at any time. In addition, the heat generated by the air separation device 1 during operation can also be collected and supplied to the working fluid gasification equipment, thereby improving energy utilization.
[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the working medium storage chamber 32 and the nitrogen storage chamber 31 are separated by a flexible diaphragm 33 .
[0049] A flexible diaphragm 33 is used to separate the working fluid storage chamber 32 and the nitrogen storage chamber 31, which has low cost and is convenient to install and set up. Specifically, inside the pressure vessel, the flexible diaphragm 33 is used to enclose the working fluid storage chamber 32, and the space between the inner surface of the pressure vessel and the outer surface of the flexible diaphragm 33 serves as the nitrogen storage chamber 31.
[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the working fluid gas is ammonia, and the working fluid storage chamber 32 is also an ammonia storage chamber.
[0051] The product of the ammonia synthesis device 5 of the present application is ammonia, which has a relatively low boiling point. Therefore, the ammonia synthesized by the ammonia synthesis device 5 can be used as a working fluid without the need to use other working fluids, thereby reducing production costs.
[0052] The workflow of the compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process provided in this application is as follows:
[0053] like Figure 1As shown, the compressed gas energy storage system for coupling an ammonia synthesis process provided by the present application, when power is sufficient, the first nitrogen compressor 2 inputs the nitrogen produced by the air separation unit 1 into the nitrogen storage chamber 31. A portion is transported to the ammonia synthesis unit 5 by the second nitrogen compressor 4, and the remaining portion is retained in the nitrogen storage chamber 31. Simultaneously, ammonia output from the ammonia storage chamber is compressed by the working gas compressor 61, liquefied by the condenser 62, and then stored in the liquid storage tank 63. When power is insufficient, the air separation unit 1 can reduce production or shut down. Nitrogen output from the nitrogen storage chamber 31 is transported to the ammonia synthesis unit 5 via the second nitrogen compressor 4. Simultaneously, liquid ammonia output from the liquid storage tank 63 is pressurized by the booster pump 64, vaporized by the evaporator 65, heated by the heater 66, and expanded by the expander 67 to generate electricity, with the exhaust gas returned to the ammonia storage chamber. Through the above-mentioned compressed gas energy storage process using nitrogen and ammonia as the working fluids, a stable nitrogen supply and power supply can be provided to the ammonia synthesis unit 5. Since nitrogen and ammonia are both substances used in ammonia synthesis production, they will not pollute or affect the operation of the ammonia synthesis unit 5.
[0054] The basic principles of the present application have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, and effects mentioned in this application are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and it should not be assumed that these advantages, strengths, and effects are required of each embodiment of this application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are merely illustrative and facilitating understanding, and are not restrictive. The above details do not limit this application to necessarily being implemented using the above specific details.
[0055] The block diagrams of the devices, devices, equipment, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, devices, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, or configured in any manner. Words such as "include," "comprise," "have," and the like are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the word "or" and can be used interchangeably therewith, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith.
[0056] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, device, and method of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed or recombined, and such decomposition or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.
[0057] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
[0058] It should be understood that the qualifiers "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth" and "sixth" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.
[0059] The above description has been provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims
1. A compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process, characterized in that: include: a gas storage reservoir, which is a pressure vessel and is divided into a nitrogen storage chamber and a working fluid storage chamber, each of which is independent of the other; the pressure in the nitrogen storage chamber and the pressure in the working fluid storage chamber are equal and constant; the sum of the volumes of the nitrogen storage chamber and the working fluid storage chamber is constant; and the nitrogen storage chamber is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia synthesis unit; a first nitrogen compressor, capable of compressing nitrogen and delivering it to the nitrogen storage chamber; The energy storage circuit can compress and liquefy the gaseous working fluid output from the working fluid storage chamber when the nitrogen storage chamber expands and the working fluid storage chamber contracts, or can vaporize the liquid working fluid and transport it back to the working fluid storage chamber when the nitrogen storage chamber contracts and the working fluid storage chamber expands.
2. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage circuit includes a working fluid liquefaction device, a liquid storage tank, and a working fluid vaporization device connected in sequence, the inlet of the working fluid liquefaction device is connected to the air outlet of the working fluid storage chamber, and the outlet of the working fluid vaporization device is connected to the air inlet of the working fluid storage chamber; When the nitrogen storage chamber expands and the working fluid storage chamber contracts, the gaseous working fluid output from the working fluid storage chamber is compressed and liquefied by the working fluid liquefaction equipment and transported to the liquid storage tank; When the working fluid gasification equipment gasifies the liquid working fluid in the liquid storage tank and transports it back to the working fluid storage chamber, the working fluid storage chamber expands and the nitrogen storage chamber contracts.
3. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working fluid liquefaction equipment includes a working fluid gas compressor and a condenser connected in sequence, the air inlet of the working fluid gas compressor is connected to the air outlet of the working fluid storage chamber, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank.
4. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working medium gasification equipment includes a booster pump, an evaporator, a superheater and an expander connected in sequence, the inlet of the booster pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank, and the air outlet of the expander is connected to the air inlet of the working medium storage chamber.
5. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 4, characterized in that: A heat exchanger is provided between the ammonia synthesis device, the evaporator and the superheater.
6. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second nitrogen compressor is further provided between the nitrogen storage chamber and the ammonia synthesis device.
7. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heat exchanger is provided between the first nitrogen compressor, the second nitrogen compressor and the working fluid gasification equipment.
8. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet of the first nitrogen compressor is connected to an air separation device capable of separating pure nitrogen, and a heat exchanger is respectively provided between the air separation device and the working fluid gasification equipment.
9. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working fluid storage chamber and the nitrogen storage chamber are separated by a flexible diaphragm.
10. The compressed gas energy storage system for coupling ammonia synthesis process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working fluid is ammonia.