Ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction

Abstract

The utility model discloses a land subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction. The land subsidence monitoring device comprises a mounting plate, a shell is installed in an inner cavity of the mounting plate in a sliding mode, a movable plate is installed in an inner cavity of the shell in a sliding mode, a monitoring rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable plate, a pressing block is installed at the bottom of the monitoring rod, and a gradienter is fixedly connected to the interior of the shell. Two pressure assemblies are fixedly installed in an inner cavity of the shell, a hinge assembly is fixedly connected between the monitoring rod and the abutting block, through the pressure assemblies, in the downward moving process of the monitoring rod, a movable plate and a movable block act synchronously, deformation of a pressure spring is counteracted in real time, it is ensured that the spring always keeps constant deformation quantity and stable elastic force in the whole monitoring process, and the monitoring accuracy is improved. The monitoring rod is continuously and tightly attached to the ground, the gradienter is matched to convert settlement data into visual scales, compared with a traditional device, monitoring errors caused by spring elasticity attenuation are effectively avoided, and stable and reliable data guarantee is provided for tunnel settlement monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of tunnel settlement observation, in particular to a ground settlement monitoring device for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] The ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction is used to track surface deformation in real time, ensure construction safety, and achieve comprehensive perception and early warning of surface deformation around the tunnel through data fusion.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses a tunnel construction settlement observation device (authorization announcement number CN220542045U), which includes a fixed plate, which is installed on the tunnel wall; an observation tube, which is installed on the fixed plate, and a scale groove is opened on the side wall of the observation tube, and scales are made on both sides of the scale groove; a monitoring unit, which includes a monitoring rod, a slider, a guide rod and a pointer, the slider slides with the inner wall of the observation tube, the guide rod is vertically arranged in the observation tube, and the guide rod is slidably inserted with the slider, the monitoring rod is fixed to the bottom of the slider, and the bottom of the monitoring rod passes through the bottom of the observation tube and abuts against the ground, the pointer is fixed to the side wall of the slider and is located outside the observation tube. This patented technology can be used to The setting of this device ensures that the structure of the device will not be destroyed when the ground settles. At the same time, the device can also perform real-time monitoring. However, in actual use of this patent, the monitoring rod moves downward with the ground settlement, and the spring deformation continues to decrease, resulting in insufficient elastic force in the later stage, making it difficult to maintain effective support force on the monitoring rod, and then there is a risk of the monitoring rod losing contact with the ground. At the same time, the initial deformation of the spring is limited. When faced with sudden and large settlement, the spring will lose its elastic force compensation ability after reaching its elastic deformation limit, causing the monitoring rod to separate from the ground, resulting in interruption of monitoring data, seriously affecting the continuity and accuracy of settlement data, and making it difficult to meet the requirements of tunnel engineering for long-term stable and reliable operation of monitoring equipment.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction to solve the above-mentioned problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A ground settlement monitoring device for tunnel construction includes a mounting plate, a housing slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the mounting plate, a movable plate slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the housing, a monitoring rod for monitoring ground settlement fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable plate, a pressing block for abutting the ground mounted at the bottom of the monitoring rod, and a level for viewing ground settlement values ​​in real time fixedly connected to the interior of the housing;

[0008] Two sets of pressure components are fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the shell to ensure that the monitoring rod is always tightly connected to the ground, and the two sets of pressure components are respectively located on both sides of the monitoring rod. A hinge component is fixedly connected between the monitoring rod and the pressure block, and the hinge component allows the pressure block to deflect at a certain angle to avoid bending or jamming of the monitoring rod due to local bulges in the ground.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, each group of the pressure components includes a fixed tube, which is fixedly installed inside the outer shell. The inner cavity of the fixed tube is installed with a pressure spring for providing power for the monitoring rod to abut against the ground, and the pressure spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable plate. The bottom end of the pressure spring is fixedly connected to a movable block, and the movable block pulls the pressure spring to move downward synchronously with the downward movement of the monitoring rod, thereby ensuring that the overall compression length of the pressure spring remains unchanged and the preset elastic force is always maintained.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the outer sleeve of the monitoring rod is provided with a driving wheel for driving the moving block synchronously, the bottom end of the moving block is fixedly connected with a threaded tube, the outer wall thread sleeve of the threaded tube is provided with a driven wheel, and the driven wheel is meshed with the driving wheel.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the outer wall rotating sleeve of the monitoring rod is provided with a rotating tube for driving the driving wheel to rotate, and the inner wall of the rotating tube is provided with a spiral guide groove. The outer wall of the monitoring rod is fixedly connected with a sliding block, and the sliding block is located in the spiral guide groove.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the hinge assembly includes a spherical crown, which is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the monitoring rod. The inner cavity ball of the spherical crown is hinged with a spherical rod, and the bottom end of the spherical rod is fixedly connected to the pressure block.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, a driving rod for ensuring that the monitoring rod is in contact with the ground is inserted into the top thread of the mounting plate, and the bottom end of the driving rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the housing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. When the utility model is used, the pressure component allows the movable plate and the movable block to move synchronously during the downward movement of the monitoring rod, offsetting the deformation of the pressure spring in real time, ensuring that the spring always maintains a constant deformation and stable elastic force during the entire monitoring process, so that the monitoring rod continues to fit closely to the ground, and cooperates with the level meter to convert the settlement data into an intuitive scale. Compared with traditional devices, it effectively avoids the monitoring error caused by the attenuation of the spring elastic force, and provides stable and reliable data protection for tunnel settlement monitoring.

[0016] 2. When the utility model is in use, the spherical crown and the spherical rod in the hinged assembly form a universal structure, so that the pressure block can flexibly adapt to the ground bulge or settlement, avoiding the monitoring rod from getting stuck and damaged. At the same time, the high-elasticity silicone pressure block fits tightly to the ground, buffering the construction vibration interference. The built-in counterweight block assists the monitoring rod to move vertically downward, ensuring data accuracy, realizing efficient and stable monitoring in complex environments, and providing reliable data for tunnel construction safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a ground subsidence monitoring device used in tunnel construction.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a ground subsidence monitoring device used in tunnel construction.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a pressure component in a ground subsidence monitoring device used in tunnel construction.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the pressure component in a ground subsidence monitoring device used in tunnel construction.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an articulated assembly in a ground subsidence monitoring device used in tunnel construction.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Mounting plate; 2. Housing; 3. Moving plate; 4. Monitoring rod; 5. Pressure block;

[0023] 6. Pressure assembly; 601. Fixed tube; 602. Pressure spring; 603. Moving block; 604. Driving wheel; 605. Threaded tube; 606. Driven wheel; 607. Bottom tube; 608. Limit plate; 609. Fixed rod; 610. Rotating tube; 611. Sliding block; 612. Support frame;

[0024] 7. Hinge assembly; 701. Ball crown; 702. Ball rod;

[0025] 8. Level; 9. Monitoring board; 10. Driving rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 In an embodiment of the utility model, a ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction includes a mounting plate 1, a housing 2 is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the mounting plate 1, a movable plate 3 is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the housing 2, a monitoring rod 4 for monitoring ground subsidence is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable plate 3, a pressing block 5 for contacting the ground is mounted at the bottom of the monitoring rod 4, and a level 8 for real-time viewing of ground subsidence values ​​is fixedly connected to the interior of the housing 2;

[0028] Two sets of pressure components 6 are fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the housing 2 to ensure that the monitoring rod 4 is always tightly connected to the ground. The two sets of pressure components 6 are located on both sides of the monitoring rod 4. A hinge component 7 is fixedly connected between the monitoring rod 4 and the pressure block 5 through a flange. The hinge component 7 allows the pressure block 5 to deflect at a certain angle to prevent the monitoring rod 4 from bending or getting stuck due to local bulges in the ground.

[0029] Specifically, the inner cavity thread of the mounting plate 1 is inserted with a bolt for fixing the mounting device, and the device is fixedly connected to the side wall of the tunnel through the bolt and the mounting plate 1. The pressure block 5 is made of highly elastic silicone material. Its flexible texture can not only fit tightly to the irregular surface of the ground, but also to a certain extent buffer the interference of mechanical vibration during tunnel construction on the monitoring device, ensuring the stability of the monitoring data. At the same time, a counterweight block is embedded in the interior of the pressure block 5. Without affecting the flexibility of the silicone, the weight of the pressure block 5 itself is increased, and the auxiliary monitoring rod 4 can move vertically downward.

[0030] See also Figure 3 、 Figure 4 Each pressure assembly 6 includes a fixed tube 601, which is fixedly installed inside the housing 2. A pressure spring 602 is installed in the inner cavity of the fixed tube 601 to provide the monitoring rod 4 with power to abut against the ground. The pressure spring 602 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable plate 3. The bottom end of the pressure spring 602 is fixedly connected to a moving block 603. The moving block 603 pulls the pressure spring 602, allowing the bottom end of the pressure spring 602 to move downward synchronously with the monitoring rod 4, thereby ensuring that the overall compression length of the pressure spring 602 remains unchanged and always maintains the preset elastic force.

[0031] Specifically, the pressure spring 602 is located between the movable plate 3 and the movable block 603, and the pressure spring 602 is preset with a certain pressure value in the initial state. When the monitoring rod 4 is affected by the ground settlement and drives the movable plate 3 to move downward, the movable plate 3 will apply pressure to the top end of the pressure spring 602. At the same time, the movable block 603 synchronously drives the bottom end of the pressure spring 602 to move in the same direction, so that the pressure on the top end of the pressure spring 602 is offset by the displacement of the bottom end, ensuring that the pressure spring 602 always maintains a constant deformation and stable elastic force output during the entire monitoring process, effectively avoiding monitoring errors caused by changes in the deformation of the pressure spring 602, and providing reliable protection for the accurate collection of settlement data;

[0032] More specifically, one side of each of the two sets of fixed tubes 601 is provided with a moving groove for providing movement of the moving plate 3, and the moving plate 3 is located in the moving groove;

[0033] The outer sleeve of the monitoring rod 4 is provided with a driving wheel 604 for driving the moving block 603 synchronously. The bottom end of the moving block 603 is fixedly connected to a threaded tube 605. The outer wall of the threaded tube 605 is threadedly sleeved with a driven wheel 606, and the driven wheel 606 is meshed with the driving wheel 604.

[0034] Specifically, a bottom tube 607 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the housing 2. The bottom end of the threaded tube 605 passes through the fixed tube 601 and is located in the bottom tube 607. The bottom end of the threaded tube 605 is fixedly connected to a limit plate 608 for preventing the threaded tube 605 from excessive movement and falling off. The top end of the bottom tube 607 is rotatably connected to the driven wheel 606 via a bearing.

[0035] The monitoring rod 4 drives the driving wheel 604 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven wheel 606 to rotate synchronously, driving the threaded tube 605 to drive the moving block 603 to move downward, thereby achieving the effect of stretching the pressure spring 602;

[0036] More specifically, the outer walls of the two sets of threaded tubes 605 are provided with thread grooves in opposite directions. Since the two sets of driven wheels 606 are driven by the driving wheel 604 to rotate in opposite directions, the two sets of moving blocks 603 can be driven to move downward synchronously with the cooperation of the opposite thread grooves, ensuring that the pressure spring 602 is subjected to balanced force and improving the operational stability of the monitoring device.

[0037] More specifically, a fixed rod 609 is installed at the axis of the inner cavity of the fixed tube 601, and its bottom end slides through the moving block 603 and the threaded tube 605 in sequence, and is finally fixed to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the fixed tube 601. At the same time, the two ends of the movable plate 3 are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod 609. With the guidance and limitation of the fixed rod 609, the movable plate 3 is ensured to move downward smoothly, providing auxiliary support for the vertical posture of the monitoring rod 4 and maintaining the accuracy of settlement monitoring.

[0038] The outer wall of the monitoring rod 4 is provided with a rotating tube 610 for driving the driving wheel 604 to rotate, and the inner wall of the rotating tube 610 is provided with a spiral guide groove. The outer wall of the monitoring rod 4 is fixedly connected with a sliding block 611, and the sliding block 611 is located in the spiral guide groove;

[0039] Specifically, the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the rotating tube 610 are rotatably connected to the support frame 612 through bearings, and it is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 2. When the monitoring rod 4 moves downward due to ground settlement, its outer wall sliding block 611 moves along the spiral guide groove on the inner wall of the rotating tube 610. Since the guide groove is spiral, the downward movement of the sliding block 611 will force the rotating tube 610 to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the driving wheel 604 to rotate, providing power input and movement basis for subsequent use of components such as gear transmission and thread transmission, ensuring the effective collection and transmission of settlement data, thereby converting the linear displacement of settlement into an intuitive numerical value.

[0040] See also Figure 5 The hinge assembly 7 includes a spherical cap 701, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the monitoring rod 4 through a flange. The inner cavity ball of the spherical cap 701 is hinged with a spherical rod 702, and the bottom end of the spherical rod 702 is fixedly connected to the pressure block 5 through a flange.

[0041] Specifically, the top of the ball rod 702 is set to be spherical and its outer wall is covered with a silicone coat. When the ground is slightly arched, the ball crown 701 and the ball rod 702 cooperate with each other to realize the multi-directional flexible rotation of the pressure block 5, thereby preventing the device from being damaged due to forced force. At the same time, the silicone coat has elasticity and wear resistance, which can buffer the friction and impact during rotation, and can also block dust and water vapor from invading the ball joint, delaying the wear of components and improving the durability and stability of the hinge assembly 7. The silicone material can also prevent the pressure block 5 from rotating at will.

[0042] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The outer wall of the level 8 is made of transparent plastic and is engraved with a numerical table. The outer wall of the monitoring rod 4 is fixed with a monitoring plate 9 for displaying the numerical changes of ground settlement, and the monitoring plate 9 is located in the inner cavity of the level 8. When the ground settles, the monitoring rod 4 moves vertically downward under the action of gravity, and synchronously drives the monitoring plate 9 to move downward. The displacement of the monitoring plate 9 is intuitively presented through the numerical table, which converts the ground settlement changes into visual scale data, effectively improving the reliability and accuracy of ground settlement monitoring during tunnel construction.

[0043] Specifically, the inner cavity of the level 8 is filled with a certain amount of liquid. When installing the device, the technician can accurately calibrate the level of the device by observing the degree of overlap between the liquid surface and the reference line of the numerical table, thereby ensuring the reference accuracy of the measurement data, effectively avoiding settlement monitoring errors caused by installation tilt, and laying a solid foundation for subsequent data collection.

[0044] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The top of the mounting plate 1 is threadedly connected with a driving rod 10 for ensuring that the monitoring rod 4 is in contact with the ground, and the bottom end of the driving rod 10 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the housing 2;

[0045] Specifically, during the installation of the device, the pressure block 5 is first initially made to fit the ground, and then the mounting plate 1 is fixed to the side wall of the tunnel by bolts, and then the driving rod 10 is turned to allow the driving rod 10 to push the outer shell 2 and the fixed tube 601 inside it to move downward as a whole. Since the movable plate 3 fits with the top of the movable groove in the fixed tube 601 in the initial state, the downward movement of the fixed tube 601 pushes the movable plate 3, and then drives the monitoring rod 4 to move vertically downward, so that the pressure block 5 fits tightly to the ground with stronger pressure, ensuring that the monitoring rod 4 maintains firm contact with the ground, and effectively adapts to different ground conditions by flexibly adjusting the preload force, providing reliable initial conditions for subsequent settlement monitoring.

[0046] The working principle of this utility model is:

[0047] When the present invention is used, the pressing block 5 is first initially pressed against the ground, and the mounting plate 1 is fixed to the tunnel side wall by bolts to ensure the stability of the reference. Then, the driving rod 10 is rotated, and the outer shell 2 and the fixing tube 601 are pushed downward by the threaded transmission, which simultaneously drives the monitoring rod 4 to press vertically downward, so that the pressing block 5 is pressed against the ground with greater pressure. When the ground settles, the monitoring rod 4 moves vertically downward under the action of gravity, and the spherical crown 701 of the hinge assembly 7 contacts the spherical rod 702 through the spherical surface, allowing the pressing block 5 to adapt to the local protrusion of the ground and flexibly deflect, thereby preventing the monitoring rod 4 from bending or getting stuck.

[0048] When the monitoring rod 4 drives the movable plate 3 to move downward, the movable plate 3 presses the top of the spring. At the same time, the driving wheel 604 drives the driven wheel 606 to rotate, so that the threaded tube 605 drives the movable block 603 to move downward synchronously, thereby pulling the bottom end of the pressure spring 602 to move downward, so that the downward pressure of the top end of the pressure spring 602 and the downward movement of the bottom end offset each other, so that the spring always maintains a constant deformation during the entire settlement monitoring process, thereby continuously providing the monitoring rod 4 with power to contact the ground, avoiding the monitoring rod 4 from being separated from the ground or the data being inaccurate due to the attenuation of the elastic force of the pressure spring 602, and ensuring the continuity and accuracy of settlement monitoring;

[0049] Then, the displacement of the monitoring rod 4 driven by the movable plate 3 is reflected by the vertical movement of the monitoring plate 9 fixed to the monitoring rod 4 in the level 8. By observing the relative position of the liquid surface in the level 8 and the reference line of the value table, combined with the scale change of the monitoring plate 9, the technicians can intuitively obtain the ground settlement value, providing data support for tunnel construction safety.

[0050] Finally, the driving rod 10 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the outer shell 2 is moved upward through the threaded transmission, driving the monitoring rod 4 and the pressure block 5 to leave the ground, and the monitoring rod 4 is manually pushed upward, so that the pressure spring 602 moves upward with the threaded tube 605 due to the bottom moving block 603, releasing the compression state and restoring the initial pre-tightening length.

[0051] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction, comprising a mounting plate (1), characterized in that: The inner cavity of the mounting plate (1) is slidably mounted with a housing (2), the inner cavity of the housing (2) is slidably mounted with a movable plate (3), the bottom end of the movable plate (3) is fixedly connected to a monitoring rod (4) for monitoring ground subsidence, the bottom of the monitoring rod (4) is mounted with a pressing block (5) for contacting the ground, and the interior of the housing (2) is fixedly connected to a level meter (8) for checking ground subsidence values ​​in real time; Two sets of pressure components (6) for ensuring that the monitoring rod (4) is always tightly connected to the ground are fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the housing (2), and the two sets of pressure components (6) are respectively located on both sides of the monitoring rod (4). A hinge component (7) is fixedly connected between the monitoring rod (4) and the pressure block (5), and the hinge component (7) allows the pressure block (5) to deflect at a certain angle to avoid bending or jamming of the monitoring rod (4) due to local bulges of the ground.

2. A ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of the pressure components (6) includes a fixed tube (601), which is fixedly installed inside the housing (2). A pressure spring (602) for providing the monitoring rod (4) with abutment against the ground is installed in the inner cavity of the fixed tube (601), and the pressure spring (602) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable plate (3). The bottom end of the pressure spring (602) is fixedly connected to a moving block (603). The moving block (603) pulls the pressure spring (602) to move downward synchronously with the downward movement of the monitoring rod (4), thereby ensuring that the overall compression length of the pressure spring (602) remains unchanged and the preset elastic force is always maintained.

3. A ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer sleeve of the monitoring rod (4) is provided with a driving wheel (604) for driving the moving block (603) synchronously, the bottom end of the moving block (603) is fixedly connected with a threaded tube (605), the outer wall of the threaded tube (605) is threadedly provided with a driven wheel (606), and the driven wheel (606) is meshed with the driving wheel (604).

4. A ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the monitoring rod (4) is rotatably sleeved with a rotating tube (610) for driving the driving wheel (604) to rotate, and the inner wall of the rotating tube (610) is provided with a spiral guide groove. The outer wall of the monitoring rod (4) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (611), and the sliding block (611) is located in the spiral guide groove.

5. The ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge assembly (7) comprises a spherical cap (701), the spherical cap (701) being fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the monitoring rod (4), the inner cavity ball of the spherical cap (701) being hinged with a spherical rod (702), and the bottom end of the spherical rod (702) being fixedly connected to the pressing block (5).

6. The ground subsidence monitoring device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the mounting plate (1) is threadedly connected with a driving rod (10) for ensuring that the monitoring rod (4) is in contact with the ground, and the bottom end of the driving rod (10) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the housing (2).

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