Laser head nozzle rotating assembly and device for cleaning and replacing laser head nozzle

Abstract

The utility model provides a laser head nozzle rotating assembly and a device for cleaning and replacing a laser head nozzle, and belongs to the field of laser processing equipment, the laser head nozzle rotating assembly comprises a main shaft, the lower part of the main shaft is provided with a transmission connecting piece, the upper part of the main shaft is sleeved with a retainer, a spring and a movable transmission piece, and the upper end of the retainer is fixedly provided with a nozzle occlusion assembly; the upper end of the movable transmission part can be meshed with the lower end of the retainer; a fixed transmission part is fixedly installed in the middle of the main shaft, a circle of first gear teeth are evenly distributed on the upper end face of the fixed transmission part in the circumferential direction, and one meshing face of the first gear teeth is arranged to be a first matched inclined face. A circle of second gear teeth are evenly distributed on the lower end face of the movable transmission part in the circumferential direction, and one meshing face of the second gear teeth is arranged to be a second matched inclined face. When the gear teeth II are meshed with the gear teeth I, the matching inclined surface II of each gear tooth II is opposite to the matching inclined surface I of the corresponding gear tooth I. The utility model has the beneficial effect that the nozzle can be effectively prevented from being damaged due to twisting under special conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of laser processing equipment, and in particular relates to a laser head nozzle rotating component and a device for cleaning and replacing the laser head nozzle. Background Art

[0002] During laser cutting and welding operations, the nozzle of the laser head will continuously come into contact with rust and metal debris on the surface of the workpiece. At the same time, the slag produced by cutting is also easy to adhere to the inner wall and outlet of the nozzle, and after long-term accumulation, it will cause nozzle clogging problems, resulting in reduced laser beam focusing effect and uneven energy distribution. Therefore, to ensure the processing quality and stable operation of the laser head, it is necessary to clean the nozzle regularly. In addition, since it needs to cut plates of different thicknesses and the laser beam size and required airflow size need to be changed when facing plates of different thicknesses, the laser head often needs to replace the nozzle according to the processing requirements when changing the processing object.

[0003] Currently, the industry has developed a variety of structural forms to achieve rotary replacement of laser head nozzles, primarily based on turntable storage and replacement mechanisms, whereby the target nozzle is aligned and replaced by rotating the corresponding turntable. For example, Chinese patent application number 202420231642.1 provides a device for automatically replacing laser head nozzles.

[0004] However, while the existing structure can achieve a certain degree of nozzle rotation and replacement, it still has significant drawbacks in actual application. When the threaded pair between the nozzle and the laser head is tightened too much, forming an overly tight fit, the existing laser head nozzle rotation and replacement structure is prone to the problem of torque exceeding the component's tolerance threshold when driving the nozzle, which can easily cause failures such as nozzle breakage. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to propose and design a laser head nozzle rotation assembly and a device for cleaning and replacing the laser head nozzle in order to address the problem that the existing laser head nozzle rotation and replacement structure is prone to cause nozzle breakage during use. The torque overload disconnection structure provided in the laser head nozzle rotation assembly and the device for cleaning and replacing the laser head nozzle can effectively prevent the nozzle from being damaged due to special circumstances.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, firstly, the utility model provides a laser head nozzle rotating assembly, which includes a vertically arranged main shaft, a transmission connecting member is installed at the lower part of the main shaft, and a retaining frame, a spring, and a movable transmission member are sequentially sleeved on the upper part of the main shaft from top to bottom. The upper end of the retaining frame is fixedly installed with a nozzle bite assembly, and the inner hole of the retaining frame is in clearance with the main shaft; the upper end of the movable transmission member can mesh with the lower end of the retaining frame, and the inner hole of the movable transmission member is in clearance with the main shaft; a fixed transmission member is fixedly installed at the middle part of the main shaft, and a circle of gear teeth is evenly distributed on the upper end surface of the fixed transmission member in the circumferential direction. One of the meshing surfaces of gear tooth one is set as mating bevel one, and the mating bevel one of all gear teeth one is located on the same side; a circle of gear teeth two is evenly distributed circumferentially on the lower end surface of the movable transmission part, and one of the meshing surfaces of gear teeth two is set as mating bevel two, and the mating bevel two of all gear teeth two is located on the same side; when gear teeth two are meshed with gear teeth one, the mating bevel two of each gear tooth two is set opposite to the mating bevel one of the corresponding gear tooth one, and the lower end of the mating bevel two is inclined in the direction away from the corresponding mating bevel one, and the lower end of the mating bevel one is inclined in the direction close to the corresponding mating bevel two. At this time, since the present invention not only designs the structure for cooperating with the retaining frame as a structure composed of a fixed transmission part and a movable transmission part, but also provides a cooperating bevel one and a cooperating bevel two at the cooperating structure of the fixed transmission part and the movable transmission part, when the torque resistance from the nozzle is too large, the present invention can drive the movable transmission part to rotate and move upward along the cooperating bevel one to the top of the fixed transmission part under the cooperation of the cooperating bevel one and the cooperating bevel two, thereby disconnecting the torque input between the two, causing the main shaft and the fixed transmission part to idle, thereby avoiding the nozzle from breaking.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper end of the cooperating inclined surface 1 is connected to the top arc of the gear tooth 1, and the lower end of the cooperating inclined surface 2 is connected to the bottom arc of the gear tooth 2 to ensure that the gear tooth 2 provided at the lower end of the movable transmission part can slide out smoothly.

[0008] Furthermore, an installation groove is provided on the upper end surface of the retaining frame, and a connecting cap is placed in the installation groove. The connecting cap is installed together with the upper end of the main shaft, and a gap is provided between the side surface of the connecting cap and the groove wall of the installation groove. The lower end of the connecting cap can abut the bottom of the mounting groove, thereby restricting the range of movement of the retaining frame through the connecting cap to prevent it from separating from the main shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the nozzle snap assembly includes an intermediate block and a nozzle snap member. The lower end of the intermediate block is fixedly connected to the retaining frame, and the upper end of the intermediate block is detachably connected to the lower end of the nozzle snap member. The upper end of the nozzle snap member defines a nozzle introduction hole, which is provided with a nozzle introduction angle. The nozzle introduction hole can be hexagonal, octagonal, or other shapes that provide stable torque. The present invention allows for the replacement of different nozzle types by replacing different nozzle snap members, effectively resolving the issue of customers being unable to use the product due to nozzle changes.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the movable transmission member has a circle of gear teeth three evenly distributed along the circumference, and the lower end surface of the retainer has a circle of gear teeth four evenly distributed along the circumference. When the retainer moves downward along the main shaft, gear teeth three can mesh with gear teeth four; when the retainer moves upward along the main shaft, gear teeth three can disengage from gear teeth four. In this way, the present invention can adjust the power transmission relationship between the movable transmission member and the retainer by changing the matching relationship between the two.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission connection member is a driven gear, which is key-connected to the main shaft and is used to drive the main shaft to rotate in a corresponding direction.

[0012] Secondly, the utility model also provides a device for cleaning and replacing the laser head nozzle, which includes a base with a mounting hole on the upper part of the base; it also includes the above-mentioned laser head nozzle rotating assembly, the lower part of the main shaft of the above-mentioned laser head nozzle rotating assembly is rotatably installed in the corresponding mounting hole, and the transmission connecting part of the above-mentioned laser head nozzle rotating assembly is transmission-connected to the rotation drive assembly, and the rotation drive assembly drives each main shaft to rotate in the corresponding direction.

[0013] Furthermore, an outer cover shell is provided on the outer side of the base, an upper cover plate is hinged on the upper end of the outer cover shell, an opening and closing drive mechanism is installed on the inner side of the upper cover plate, and the upper cover plate is driven to rotate by the opening and closing drive mechanism to open or close the outer cover shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the opening and closing drive mechanism includes a drive cylinder, the cylinder body of the drive cylinder is fixedly installed in the outer cover shell through a fixing frame, the piston rod of the drive cylinder extends upward and is hinged with a flip connecting rod, the end of the flip connecting rod away from the drive cylinder is hinged to the upper cover plate, and can drive the upper cover plate to open and close during the vertical extension and contraction of the piston rod in the drive cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a cleaning nozzle brush and a calibration plate are provided on the upper portion of the outer cover shell, and the nozzle is cleaned by the cleaning nozzle brush, and the laser head is assisted in positioning by the calibration plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer cover of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly is provided with a nozzle rotating seal, the top of which is provided with a through hole 1; a sealing leather gasket and a leather gasket pressure plate are provided above the nozzle rotating seal in order from bottom to top, a through hole 2 is provided on the surface of the sealing leather gasket, and a through hole 3 is provided on the surface of the leather gasket pressure plate, the aperture of through hole 2 being smaller than the outer diameter of the retaining frame of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly; the retaining frame of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly passes through the corresponding through holes 1, 2, and 3 in order from bottom to top. In this case, the present invention can, on the one hand, protect the middle portion of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly through the nozzle rotating seal, and on the other hand, effectively seal the cavity created when the retaining frame in the laser head nozzle rotating assembly moves up and down through the sealing leather gasket.

[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the utility model has the following advantages: First, the utility model can effectively prevent the nozzle from being damaged due to special circumstances through the torque overload disconnection structure set between the fixed transmission part and the movable transmission part; secondly, the utility model can integrate the cleaning nozzle brush on the base to facilitate the nozzle cleaning work before and after replacing the nozzle; at the same time, the utility model can also effectively prevent dust from entering the outer cover shell during the operation of the laser cutting machine and contaminating the various laser head nozzle rotating components through the sealing structure such as the upper cover plate set. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the fixed transmission member and the movable transmission member in the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2 of the present invention after removing the outer cover and the upper cover plate;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2 of the present invention after removing the outer cover, upper cover plate and opening and closing drive mechanism;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of Example 2 of the present invention after removing the outer cover, upper cover plate and opening and closing drive mechanism.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Nozzle engaging member; 2. Intermediate block; 3. Cage; 4. Spring; 5. Movable transmission member; 6. Fixed transmission member; 7. First bearing; 8. Transmission connector; 9. Second bearing; 10. Gear tooth 4; 11. Gear tooth 3; 12. Connecting cap; 13. Spindle; 14. Mounting groove; 15. Nozzle guide hole; 16. Gear tooth 1; 17. Matching slope 1; 18. Matching slope 2; 19. Gear tooth 2; 20. Outer cover; 21. Hinge; 22. Flip connecting rod; 23. Retaining ring; 24. Long pin; 25. Upper cover plate. 26. Cleaning nozzle brush; 27. Calibration plate; 28. Short pin shaft; 29. ​​Fixed bracket; 30. Base; 31. Nozzle rotation seal; 32. Gear chamber sealing plate; 33. Bottom sealing plate; 34. Reducer; 35. Servo motor; 36. Power output gear; 37. Wedge block; 38. Fixed plate; 39. Power transmission gear; 40. Reversing gear set; 41. Laser head nozzle rotation assembly; 42. Pad pressure plate; 43. Sealing pad; 44. Mounting hole; 45. Through hole three; 46. Through hole two; 47. Through hole one; 48. Drive cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, this embodiment 1 provides a laser head nozzle rotation assembly, which includes a vertically arranged main shaft 13. The lower part of the main shaft 13 is installed with a first bearing 7, a transmission connection 8, and a second bearing 9 in order from top to bottom. The main shaft 13 is rotatably mounted on the base 30 described below through the first bearing 7 and the second bearing 9. Moreover, the second bearing 9 located below the first bearing 7 and the second bearing 9 is preferably an angular contact bearing, so as to improve the reliability of the entire laser head nozzle rotation assembly 41 by relying on the axial force supported by the angular contact bearing. The transmission connection 8 is connected to the corresponding rotation drive assembly to drive the entire laser head nozzle rotation assembly 41 to rotate in the corresponding direction. Moreover, when the transmission connection 8 uses a driven gear, it is preferably connected to the main shaft 13 by a key connection, and is used to drive the main shaft 13 to rotate in the corresponding direction.

[0030] A fixed transmission member 6 is fixedly installed in the middle of the main shaft 13 by means of a fastening structure such as bolts, and a circle of gear teeth 16 is evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper end surface of the fixed transmission member 6. One of the meshing surfaces of the gear teeth 16 is set as a matching bevel 17, and the matching bevels 17 of all the gear teeth 16 are located on the same side, and the upper ends of the matching bevels 17 of all the gear teeth 16 are transitionally connected to the top arc of the corresponding gear tooth 16.

[0031] The upper portion of the main shaft 13 is sequentially sleeved with a movable transmission member 5, a spring 4, and a retaining frame 3 from bottom to top. The inner hole of the movable transmission member 5 is loosely fitted with the main shaft 13 and can be vertically raised and lowered along the axial direction of the main shaft 13. A circle of gear teeth 2 19 is evenly distributed circumferentially on the lower end surface of the movable transmission member 5. The number of gear teeth 2 19 is the same as the number of gear teeth 1 16. When the movable transmission member 5 moves downward along the axial direction of the main shaft 13, the gear teeth 2 19 can be inserted into the groove between two adjacent gear teeth 1 16, that is, the gear teeth 2 19 can mesh with the gear teeth 1 16. At the same time, this embodiment 1 further configures one of the meshing surfaces of the gear teeth 2 19 as a matching bevel 2 18, and the matching bevel 2 18 of all gear teeth 2 19 is located on the same side. The lower ends of the matching bevel 2 18 of all gear teeth 2 19 are transitionally connected to the arc bottom surface of the corresponding gear teeth 2 19. Moreover, when gear tooth 2 19 is engaged with gear tooth 1 16, the mating bevel 2 18 of each gear tooth 2 19 is arranged opposite to the mating bevel 1 17 of the corresponding gear tooth 1 16, and the lower end of each mating bevel 2 18 is inclined in a direction away from the corresponding mating bevel 1 17, and the lower end of each mating bevel 1 17 is inclined in a direction close to the corresponding mating bevel 2 18.

[0032] The inner hole of the retainer 3 also has a clearance fit with the main shaft 13 and can be vertically raised and lowered along the axial direction of the main shaft 13. At the same time, the spring 4 is nested between the retainer 3 and the movable transmission member 5 in this embodiment to support the retainer 3. A circle of gear teeth 3 11 is evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper end surface of the movable transmission member 5, and a circle of gear teeth 4 10 is evenly distributed circumferentially on the lower end surface of the retainer 3. The number of gear teeth 3 11 is the same as the number of gear teeth 4 10. When the retainer 3 moves downward along the axial direction of the main shaft 13, the gear teeth 3 11 can be inserted into the groove between two adjacent gear teeth 4 10, that is, the gear teeth 3 11 can mesh with the gear teeth 4 10; when the retainer 3 moves upward along the main shaft 13, the gear teeth 3 11 can be pulled out of the corresponding groove, that is, the gear teeth 3 11 can be separated from the gear teeth 4 10.

[0033] In addition, this embodiment 1 further includes a mounting groove 14 formed on the upper end surface of the retainer 3. A connecting cap 12 is positioned within this mounting groove 14 and is secured to the upper end of the spindle 13 via bolts or other fasteners. A gap is provided between the side surface of the connecting cap 12 and the wall of the mounting groove 14, allowing the lower end of the connecting cap 12 to abut the bottom of the mounting groove 14. This restricts the range of motion of the retainer 3 and prevents it from separating from the spindle 13. A nozzle engaging assembly is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the retainer 3. The nozzle engaging assembly comprises an intermediate block 2 and a nozzle engaging member 1. The lower end of the intermediate block 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the retainer 3, while the upper end of the intermediate block 2 is detachably connected to the lower end of the nozzle engaging member 1. A nozzle introduction hole 15 is defined at the upper end of the nozzle engaging member 1. This nozzle introduction hole 15 is provided with a nozzle introduction angle and can be hexagonal, octagonal, or other shapes that provide stable torque. At this time, the first embodiment of the present invention can realize the replacement of different types of nozzles by replacing different types of nozzle bite parts 1, effectively solving the problem that customers cannot use the product due to the change of nozzle type.

[0034] Based on this, when the nozzle on the laser head is replaced using the present embodiment, its working principle is as follows: when the nozzle needs to be unscrewed, first, the machine tool will control the nozzle on the laser head to descend into the nozzle bite 1, and compress the distance between the retaining frame 3 and the movable transmission member 5 downward, so that the gear four 10 at the lower end of the retaining frame 3 is engaged with the gear three 11 at the movable transmission member 5; at this time, the spring 4 will be compressed and deformed, and transmit an upward force to the nozzle bite 1 and the nozzle; then, the rotary drive assembly will first drive the transmission connection 8 to rotate slowly in the corresponding direction, and the transmission connection 8 will drive the main shaft 13 to rotate through the key, and the main shaft 13 will drive the fixed transmission member 6 to rotate, and the fixed transmission member 6 will drive the movable transmission member 5 to rotate through the cooperation of gear one 16 and gear two 19, and the movable transmission member 5 will drive the retaining frame 3 to rotate through the cooperation of gear three 11 and gear four 10, and finally drive the nozzle bite 1 and the nozzle to rotate, so as to realize the unscrewing action of the nozzle. Moreover, during this process, when the nozzle engagement member 1 is slowly rotated, the nozzle will slide into the nozzle introduction hole 15 of the nozzle engagement member 1, thereby solving the problem that the wrench position cannot be angularly aligned; when the torque resistance from the nozzle is too large, the movable transmission member 5 will move upward under the action of the mating bevel 17 and the mating bevel 2 18, thereby disconnecting the torque input, causing the main shaft 13 and the fixed transmission member 6 to idle, thereby avoiding breakage.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, this second embodiment provides a device for cleaning and replacing a laser head nozzle, which includes an outer cover shell 20 with an upper end opening. The upper end of the outer cover shell 20 is hingedly connected to an upper cover plate 25 via a hinge 21. An opening and closing drive mechanism is installed on the inner side of the upper cover plate 25, and the opening and closing drive mechanism drives the upper cover plate 25 to rotate to open or close the outer cover shell 20. Specifically, in this embodiment, the opening and closing drive mechanism includes a drive cylinder 48, the cylinder body of the drive cylinder 48 is fixedly installed in the outer cover shell 20 via a fixing frame 29, the piston rod of the drive cylinder 48 extends upward and is hingedly connected to a flip link 22 via a short pin 28, the end of the flip link 22 away from the drive cylinder 48 is hinged to the upper cover plate 25 via a long pin 24, and the two ends of the long pin 24 are provided with a retaining ring 23. The flip link 22 can drive the upper cover plate 25 to open and close during the vertical extension and contraction of the piston rod in the drive cylinder 48.

[0037] The outer housing 20 is internally provided with a nozzle cleaning brush 26, a calibration plate 27, and a base 30. The nozzle cleaning brush 26 is used to clean the nozzle, the calibration plate 27 assists in positioning the laser head, and the base 30 is used to mount the laser head nozzle rotating assembly 41 of the first embodiment. Specifically, in this embodiment, the base 30 is enclosed by a gear chamber sealing plate 32, a bottom sealing plate 33, and other components. Multiple mounting holes 44 are defined in the upper portion of the base 30, through which the laser head nozzle rotating assembly 41 is mounted. At the same time, in the second embodiment, a nozzle rotating seal 31 is installed above the upper end surface of the base 30, and the nozzle rotating seal 31 is covered above all the mounting holes 44, and a through hole 1 47 is provided on the top of the nozzle rotating seal 31, and a sealing leather gasket 43 and a leather gasket pressure plate 42 are provided above the nozzle rotating seal 31 from bottom to top, and a through hole 2 46 is provided on the surface of the sealing leather gasket 43, and a through hole 3 45 is provided on the surface of the leather gasket pressure plate 42, and the aperture of the through hole 2 46 is made smaller than the outer diameter of the retaining frame 3 of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly.

[0038] At the same time, this second embodiment also includes multiple laser head nozzle rotation assemblies 41 provided in the first embodiment above. The lower portion of the main shaft 13 of each laser head nozzle rotation assembly 41 is rotatably mounted within a corresponding mounting hole 44. Furthermore, the retaining frame 3 of the laser head nozzle rotation assembly extends through corresponding through-holes 1 47, 2 46, and 3 45, sequentially from bottom to top. The transmission connector 8 of each laser head nozzle rotation assembly 41 is transmission-connected to a rotation drive assembly, which drives each main shaft 13 to rotate in a corresponding direction. Specifically, in this second embodiment, the rotation drive assembly includes a servo motor 35. A reducer 34 is mounted on the power output end of the servo motor 35. The reducer 34 is mounted on the base 30 via a fixing plate 38 and a wedge 37. The power output end of the reducer 34 is transmission-connected to a power output gear 36. The power output gear 36 engages with a power transmission gear 39, which in turn engages with the transmission connector 8 of one of the laser head nozzle rotation drive assemblies. At the same time, in the second embodiment, a reversing gear set 40 is rotatably installed between any two adjacent sets of laser head nozzle rotation drive assemblies, and the reversing gear set 40 is engaged with the corresponding two transmission connectors 8, thereby ensuring that the main shaft 13 of all laser head nozzle rotation drive assemblies rotates in the same direction.

[0039] Based on this, the device for cleaning and replacing the laser head nozzle provided in the second embodiment is not only compact, precise, firm and reliable, but also designed with a torque overload disconnector, which effectively prevents the nozzle from being damaged due to special circumstances; at the same time, it also integrates the nozzle cleaning structure with the replacement structure, which facilitates the cleaning of the nozzle before and after the nozzle is replaced; an openable and closable upper cover plate 25 is provided to effectively prevent dust from entering the outer cover shell 20 during the operation of the laser cutting machine.

[0040] In addition, as a preference, since when the nozzle is screwed in, if the nozzle is tightened, the torque of the servo motor 35 will reach the upper limit value, and when the nozzle is unscrewed, if the nozzle is completely removed, the torque of the servo motor 35 will reach the lower limit value, it is also possible to determine whether the nozzle is screwed in and locked by monitoring the torque of the servo motor 35, that is, to determine whether the locking and loosening of the nozzle are completed by monitoring whether the torque of the servo motor 35 reaches the upper and lower limit values.

[0041] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A laser head nozzle rotating assembly, comprising a vertically arranged main shaft (13), a transmission connecting member (8) being installed at the lower part of the main shaft (13); characterized in that: The upper part of the main shaft (13) is provided with a retainer (3), a spring (4), and a movable transmission member (5) in sequence from top to bottom. The upper end of the retainer (3) is fixedly installed with a nozzle bite assembly, and the inner hole of the retainer (3) is clearance-matched with the main shaft (13); the upper end of the movable transmission member (5) is meshed with the lower end of the retainer (3), and the inner hole of the movable transmission member (5) is clearance-matched with the main shaft (13); the middle part of the main shaft (13) is fixedly installed with a fixed transmission member (6), and a circle of gear teeth (16) is evenly distributed on the upper end surface of the fixed transmission member (6) in the circumferential direction. One of the meshing surfaces of the gear teeth (16) is set as a matching inclined surface (17), and the matching inclined surfaces of all the gear teeth (16) are arranged in a uniform manner. One (17) is located on the same side; a circle of gear teeth two (19) is evenly distributed on the lower end surface of the movable transmission member (5) in the circumferential direction, one of the meshing surfaces of gear teeth two (19) is set as a matching bevel two (18), and the matching bevel two (18) of all gear teeth two (19) are located on the same side; when gear teeth two (19) are meshed with gear teeth one (16), the matching bevel two (18) of each gear tooth two (19) is set opposite to the matching bevel one (17) of the corresponding gear tooth one (16), and the lower end of the matching bevel two (18) is inclined in a direction away from the corresponding matching bevel one (17), and the lower end of the matching bevel one (17) is inclined in a direction close to the corresponding matching bevel two (18).

2. The laser head nozzle rotating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the matching bevel 1 (17) is connected to the top surface of the gear tooth 1 (16) in a circular arc transition, and the lower end of the matching bevel 2 (18) is connected to the bottom surface of the gear tooth 2 (19) in a circular arc transition.

3. The laser head nozzle rotating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the retainer (3) is provided with a mounting groove (14), and a connecting cap (12) is placed in the mounting groove (14). The connecting cap (12) is mounted together with the upper end of the main shaft (13), and a gap is provided between the side surface of the connecting cap (12) and the groove wall of the mounting groove (14), and the lower end of the connecting cap (12) can abut the groove bottom of the mounting groove (14).

4. The laser head nozzle rotating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circle of gear teeth three (11) is evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper end surface of the movable transmission member (5), and a circle of gear teeth four (10) is evenly distributed circumferentially on the lower end surface of the retaining frame (3); when the retaining frame (3) moves downward along the main shaft (13), the gear teeth three (11) can mesh with the gear teeth four (10); when the retaining frame (3) moves upward along the main shaft (13), the gear teeth three (11) can separate from the gear teeth four (10).

5. The laser head nozzle rotating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle engaging assembly comprises an intermediate block (2) and a nozzle engaging member (1), wherein the lower end of the intermediate block (2) is fixedly connected to the retaining frame (3), the upper end of the intermediate block (2) is detachably connected to the lower end of the nozzle engaging member (1), and the upper end of the nozzle engaging member (1) is provided with a nozzle introduction hole (15).

6. A device for cleaning and replacing a laser head nozzle, comprising a base (30), wherein an installation hole (44) is provided on the upper portion of the base (30); characterized in that: It also includes a laser head nozzle rotating assembly (41) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lower part of the main shaft (13) of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly (41) is rotatably mounted in the corresponding mounting hole (44), and the transmission connecting member (8) of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly (41) is transmission-connected to the rotary drive assembly.

7. The device for cleaning and replacing the laser head nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer side of the base (30) is sleeved with an outer cover shell (20), the upper end of the outer cover shell (20) is hingedly connected to an upper cover plate (25), and the inner side of the upper cover plate (25) is installed with an opening and closing drive mechanism.

8. The device for cleaning and replacing the laser head nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The opening and closing drive mechanism includes a drive cylinder (48), a cylinder body of the drive cylinder (48) is fixedly installed in the outer cover shell (20) through a fixing frame (29), a piston rod of the drive cylinder (48) extends upward and is hinged to a flip connecting rod (22), and an end of the flip connecting rod (22) away from the drive cylinder (48) is hinged to the upper cover plate (25).

9. The device for cleaning and replacing a laser head nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: A cleaning nozzle brush (26) and a calibration plate (27) are provided on the upper portion of the outer cover shell (20).

10. The device for cleaning and replacing a laser head nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer cover of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly (41) is provided with a nozzle rotating seal (31), and a through hole 1 (47) is provided on the top of the nozzle rotating seal (31); a sealing leather pad (43) and a leather pad pressure plate (42) are provided above the nozzle rotating seal (31) from bottom to top, a through hole 2 (46) is provided on the surface of the sealing leather pad (43), and a through hole 3 (45) is provided on the surface of the leather pad pressure plate (42), and the aperture of the through hole 2 (46) is smaller than the outer diameter of the retaining frame (3) of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly (41); the retaining frame (3) of the laser head nozzle rotating assembly (41) passes through the corresponding through hole 1 (47), through hole 2 (46), and through hole 3 (45) from bottom to top.

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