Variable-speed-ratio electric control braking system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a variable-speed-ratio electric control braking system with a rotary sleeve in the technical field of braking. The variable-speed-ratio electric control braking system comprises a brake motor assembly, an electric control module, a coil clutch assembly, a first-stage speed reduction assembly, an eccentric wheel assembly, a brake caliper piston assembly, a friction plate, a brake caliper and a brake caliper installation support. The coil clutch assembly is arranged between the brake motor assembly and the primary speed reduction assembly; the eccentric wheel assembly comprises an eccentric wheel, an eccentric wheel driving shaft and an eccentric wheel connecting plate, the eccentric wheel connecting plate is arranged at one end of the eccentric wheel driving shaft, the eccentric wheel is arranged in the middle of the eccentric wheel driving shaft, and the eccentric wheel connecting plate is connected with the output end of the first-stage speed reduction assembly; the brake caliper is arranged on the brake caliper mounting bracket, and the brake caliper piston assembly is arranged on the brake caliper; the brake caliper piston assembly is arranged at the lower end of the eccentric wheel, and linear motion of the brake caliper piston assembly is driven by the eccentric wheel. The braking device is short in braking period, large in braking force and capable of meeting the braking force requirement under large inertia.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an electric brake system in the technical field of brakes, in particular to a variable speed ratio electric control brake system with short braking cycle and large braking force. Background Art

[0002] The electronically controlled braking system, also known as an electronic brake system or electro-hydraulic brake system, is a modern electronic braking system that integrates electronics, control, pressure sensing, and braking technologies. It utilizes piezoelectric sensors to detect parameters such as foot force, pedal travel, and pedal speed. These signals are then transmitted to a control unit for processing, ultimately controlling the motor pump to automatically adjust the oil pressure, ensuring contact or separation between the pads and the brake disc, completing the braking process. Compared to traditional mechanical braking systems, electronically controlled braking systems offer advantages such as greater adaptability, precise braking, and rapid response.

[0003] However, existing electronically controlled braking systems basically use a fixed speed ratio, with an actuation time of more than 100 milliseconds and a long braking reaction cycle. They cannot meet the fast and emergency braking requirements of high-speed driving and are only suitable for parking brakes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This utility model addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies and proposes a variable-speed ratio electronically controlled braking system. This system utilizes a brake motor to increase torque through a first-stage planetary deceleration mechanism, which then rotates the eccentric mechanism to propel the piston into linear motion. This system can achieve complete braking within a single motor revolution. The eccentric mechanism's linear motion is a process in which the eccentric's thrust continuously changes. This is achieved by continuously changing the lever arm based on the cotangent function, following the lift angle of the function curve, thereby achieving a sinusoidal variable speed ratio.

[0005] The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions, which include a brake motor assembly, an electronic control module, a coil clutch assembly, a first-stage reduction assembly, an eccentric wheel assembly, a brake caliper piston assembly, a friction plate, a brake caliper, a brake caliper mounting bracket, and an angular position sensor; the coil clutch assembly is arranged between the brake motor assembly and the first-stage reduction assembly, and is used to control the connection and disconnection of the brake motor assembly and the first-stage reduction assembly; the eccentric wheel assembly includes an eccentric wheel, an eccentric wheel drive shaft, and an eccentric wheel connecting plate, the eccentric wheel connecting plate is arranged at one end of the eccentric wheel drive shaft, the eccentric wheel is arranged in the middle of the eccentric wheel drive shaft, and the eccentric wheel connecting plate is connected to the output end of the first-stage reduction assembly; the brake caliper is arranged on the brake caliper mounting bracket, the brake caliper piston assembly is arranged on the brake caliper, and the friction plate is arranged at the lower end of the brake caliper piston assembly; the brake caliper piston assembly is arranged at the lower end of the eccentric wheel, and the linear motion of the brake caliper piston assembly is driven by the eccentric wheel.

[0006] Furthermore, in the present invention, the brake caliper includes an upper left housing, an upper middle housing, an upper right housing, an intermediate housing, and a lower housing. The upper left housing, the upper middle housing, and the upper right housing are all arranged at the upper end of the intermediate housing, the upper left housing and the upper middle housing are connected together, and the lower housing is arranged at the lower end of the intermediate housing; the lower housing as a whole is an L-shaped structure, and the brake caliper piston assembly is arranged between the intermediate housing and the lower housing; the eccentric wheel is arranged between the upper middle housing and the upper right housing, and the two ends of the eccentric wheel drive shaft are respectively embedded in the upper middle housing and the upper right housing; the angular position sensor is arranged on the upper right housing, and the eccentric wheel connecting plate is arranged in the upper left housing.

[0007] Furthermore, in the present utility model, the brake caliper piston assembly includes a brake piston, a top plate, a brake pad wear compensation return rod, a brake pad wear compensation return spring, and a screw rod. The screw rod is a hollow structure and is arranged in the brake piston. The external thread of the screw rod matches the internal thread in the brake piston. The top plate is arranged at the top of the screw rod and contacts the eccentric wheel. The brake pad wear compensation return spring passes through the upper end portion of the brake pad wear compensation return rod. The upper ends of the brake pad wear compensation return spring and the brake pad wear compensation return rod are both arranged inside the screw rod.

[0008] Furthermore, in the present utility model, the brake motor assembly includes a motor sealing cover, a motor, a motor bracket, and a right housing of the bracket. The motor bracket is an L-shaped structure as a whole. The motor and the electronic control module are arranged on the lower end bottom plate of the motor bracket. The motor sealing cover is arranged on the periphery of the motor and is connected to the motor bracket; the right housing of the bracket is arranged at the upper end of the side plate of the motor bracket, and the right housing of the bracket is connected to the upper left housing of the brake caliper.

[0009] Furthermore, in the present invention, the first-stage reduction assembly includes a sun gear, a planetary gear, and a gear ring. The gear ring is arranged in the upper left housing of the brake caliper, the planetary gear is arranged at the edge of the gear ring, the outer gear of the planetary gear is meshed with the inner gear of the gear ring, the sun gear is arranged at the center of the gear ring, the outer gear of the sun gear is meshed with the outer gear of the planetary gear, and the input shaft of the sun gear is provided with an external gear; the planetary gear is connected together with the eccentric wheel connecting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, in the present invention, the coil clutch assembly includes a coil, a movable plate pushing spring, a movable plate, and a static plate. The center parts of the coil and the static plate are through holes. The coil is arranged in the right shell of the bracket, and the movable plate pushing spring is arranged in the through hole of the coil. The center part of the movable plate has an internal gear, and the internal gear of the movable plate is engaged with the external gear of the sun gear input shaft, and the movable plate can slide on the axis; the static plate is arranged between the movable plate and the gear ring of the first-stage reduction assembly, and the movable plate and the static plate can engage with each other.

[0011] Furthermore, in the present invention, the number of the planetary gears is four; the piston surface of the brake piston is an anisotropic waist-shaped surface, which is consistent with the shape of the friction plate body.

[0012] The working principle of this utility model is that the brake motor rotates under the drive of the electronic control module, and after a first-stage deceleration and torque increase, it drives the eccentric wheel assembly to rotate, pushes the piston assembly to move linearly, and causes the friction plate to clamp the brake disc to generate friction, so that the wheel rotation speed is reduced or actual braking is achieved.

[0013] In this utility model, the electronic control module is integrated within the protective housing of the brake motor assembly, simplifying wiring and sharing the same protective housing, resulting in a highly integrated design. The coil clutch assembly is positioned between the motor output and the primary reducer input, with the coil secured to the motor housing. The clutch rotor is splined to the primary reducer, allowing for axial sliding movement. The clutch stator is secured to the primary reducer housing. The primary reducer assembly's input is the motor shaft, while its output engages the eccentric assembly, driving its rotation. The eccentric assembly and the brake caliper piston assembly are tangentially connected by a cylindrical surface and a flat surface. Due to the eccentricity of the cylindrical surface, rotation produces a certain axial displacement, driving the brake caliper piston assembly in linear motion. The brake caliper piston assembly's piston surface is an anisotropic waist-shaped surface, mirroring the main shape of the friction plate. This ensures uniform force distribution on the friction plate and forces it to grip the brake disc, generating friction. The piston assembly is nested within the brake caliper, constrained by the circumferential constraints of the caliper, allowing only linear motion.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention has a reasonable design and a simple structure; the braking cycle is short, and the braking cycle is within 30 milliseconds, which meets the driving actuation time requirement; the braking force is large, which meets the braking force requirement under large inertia, that is, the present invention can meet the driving braking and parking braking requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A perspective view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the left part;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the right part;

[0019] Figure 5 Exploded view of parts for implementing this utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5A partial enlarged view of the middle brake motor assembly;

[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle clutch assembly;

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle brake caliper;

[0023] Figure 9 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle-stage reduction assembly, eccentric assembly, and brake caliper piston assembly;

[0024] Among them, 1. Brake motor assembly, 2. Electronic control module, 3. Coil clutch assembly, 4. Primary reduction assembly, 5. Eccentric wheel assembly, 6. Brake caliper piston assembly, 7. Friction plate, 8. Brake caliper, 9. Brake caliper mounting bracket, 10. Rotation angle position sensor, 101. Motor sealing cover, 102. Motor, 103. Motor bracket, 104. Bracket right housing, 301. Coil, 302. Moving plate push spring, 303. Moving plate, 304. Static plate , 401, sun gear, 402, planetary gear, 403, gear ring, 501, eccentric wheel, 502, eccentric wheel drive shaft, 503, eccentric wheel connecting plate, 601, brake piston, 602, top plate, 603, brake pad wear compensation return rod, 604, brake pad wear compensation return spring, 605, screw rod, 801, upper left housing, 802, upper middle housing, 803, upper right housing, 804, middle housing, 805, lower housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the contents of this utility model easier to understand, the technical solutions of this utility model are further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The examples are only used to illustrate this utility model, but this utility model is not limited to these contents. The operating methods in the following examples without specific conditions are generally carried out under conventional conditions or in accordance with the product instructions. Example

[0026] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, the present invention includes a brake motor assembly 1, an electronic control module 2, a coil clutch assembly 3, a primary reduction assembly 4, an eccentric assembly 5, a brake caliper piston assembly 6, a friction plate 7, a brake caliper 8, a brake caliper mounting bracket 9, and an angular position sensor 10. The coil clutch assembly 3 is arranged between the brake motor assembly 1 and the primary reduction assembly 4, the brake caliper 8 is arranged on the brake caliper mounting bracket 9, the brake caliper piston assembly 6 is arranged on the brake caliper 8, and the friction plate 7 is arranged at the lower end of the brake caliper piston assembly 6. The eccentric assembly 5 includes an eccentric 501, an eccentric drive shaft 502, and an eccentric connecting plate 503. The eccentric connecting plate 503 is arranged at one end of the eccentric drive shaft 502, and the eccentric 501 is arranged in the middle of the eccentric drive shaft 502. The brake caliper 8 includes an upper left housing 801, an upper middle housing 802, an upper right housing 803, an intermediate housing 804, and a lower housing 805. The upper left housing 801, the upper middle housing 802, and the upper right housing 803 are all arranged at the upper end of the intermediate housing 804. The upper left housing 801 and the upper middle housing 802 are connected together, and the lower housing 805 is arranged at the lower end of the intermediate housing 804. The lower housing 805 is an L-shaped structure as a whole, and the brake caliper piston assembly 6 is arranged between the intermediate housing 804 and the lower housing 805. The eccentric wheel 501 is arranged between the upper middle housing 802 and the upper right housing 803, and the two ends of the eccentric wheel drive shaft 502 are respectively embedded in the upper middle housing 802 and the upper right housing 803. The rotational angle position sensor 10 is arranged on the upper right housing 803, and the eccentric wheel connecting plate 503 is arranged in the upper left housing 801. The brake caliper piston assembly 6 includes a brake piston 601, a top plate 602, a brake pad wear compensation return rod 603, a brake pad wear compensation return spring 604, and a screw rod 605. The screw rod 605 is a hollow structure and is arranged in the brake piston 601. The external thread of the screw rod 605 matches the internal thread in the brake piston 601. The top plate 602 is arranged on the top of the screw rod 505 and contacts the eccentric wheel 501. The brake pad wear compensation return spring 604 passes through the upper end of the brake pad wear compensation return rod 603. The upper ends of the brake pad wear compensation return spring 604 and the brake pad wear compensation return rod 603 are both arranged inside the screw rod 605; the piston surface of the brake piston 601 is an anisotropic waist-shaped surface, which is consistent with the main shape of the friction plate 7. The brake motor assembly 1 includes a motor sealing cover 101, a motor 102, a motor bracket 103, and a bracket right shell 104. The motor bracket 103 is an L-shaped structure as a whole. The motor 102 and the electronic control module 2 are both arranged on the lower end bottom plate of the motor bracket 103. The motor sealing cover 101 is arranged on the periphery of the motor 102 and is connected to the motor bracket 103; the bracket right shell 104 is arranged at the upper end part of the side plate of the motor bracket 103, and the bracket right shell 104 is connected to the upper left shell 801 of the brake caliper 8.The first-stage reduction assembly 4 includes a sun gear 401, planetary gears 402, and a gear ring 403. The gear ring 403 is arranged in the upper left housing 801 of the brake caliper 8, and the planetary gears 402 are arranged at the edge of the gear ring 403. The outer gears of the planetary gears 402 are meshed with the inner gears of the gear ring 403. The sun gear 401 is arranged at the center of the gear ring 403. The outer gears of the sun gear 401 are meshed with the outer gears of the planetary gears 402. The input shaft of the sun gear 401 is provided with an external gear; there are four planetary gears 402, and the planetary gears 402 are connected to the eccentric wheel connecting plate 503. The coil clutch assembly 3 includes a coil 301, a movable plate push spring 302, a movable plate 303, and a static plate 304. The center parts of the coil 301 and the static plate 304 are through holes. The coil 301 is arranged in the right housing 104 of the bracket. The movable plate push spring 302 is arranged in the through hole of the coil 301. The center part of the movable plate 303 has an internal gear. The internal gear of the movable plate 303 is engaged with the external gear of the sun gear input shaft 301. The movable plate 303 can slide on the axis. The static plate 304 is arranged between the movable plate 303 and the gear ring 403 of the first-stage reduction assembly 4.

[0027] The brake caliper piston assembly 6 is arranged at the lower end of the eccentric wheel 501, and the linear motion of the brake caliper piston assembly 6 is driven by the eccentric wheel 501. The rotor push spring 302 is a compression spring that constantly acts on the clutch rotor 303. When the coil 301 is energized, the rotor push spring 302 is in a maximum compression state, and the clutch rotor 303 is attracted to one side of the coil 301. The suction force of the coil 301 needs to overcome the spring force of the rotor push spring 302. When the coil 301 is de-energized, the rotor push spring 302 is in a slightly compressed state, but the rotor push spring 302 still has sufficient elastic force to push the clutch rotor 303. The clutch rotor 303 and the static plate 304 engage with each other, and at this time, the brake components remain locked. The brake caliper piston assembly 6 is a rectangular screw structure component, which is equivalent to the nut and screw 605. Due to the action of the brake pad wear compensation return spring 604, the screw 605 can rotate to a certain angle, and the axial length of the brake caliper piston assembly 6 is increased, which is equivalent to automatically compensating for the wear distance of the brake pad 7.

[0028] The utility model mainly includes three working states, and the transmission relationship can be explained from the following three working states:

[0029] Working state 1: When braking or decelerating while driving, the coil 301 is energized, the clutch moving plate 303 is attracted to one side of the coil 301, the brake motor 102 is activated - the first-stage reduction assembly 4 is activated - the eccentric wheel 501 is activated - the brake piston 601 is activated - the friction plate 7 is activated, and finally braking or deceleration is achieved.

[0030] Working state: In normal driving state (not starting the braking or deceleration function), the coil 301 is in a power-off state, the moving plate 303 is engaged with the static plate 304, the brake components do not move, and the brake piston 601 remains in a relaxed state before the brake is released.

[0031] Working state three: in parking, the coil 301 is in a power-off state, the moving plate 303 is engaged with the static plate 304, the brake components do not move, and the brake piston 601 maintains the compressed state after the brake is activated.

[0032] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the design principles and uses of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed in the present invention are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable speed ratio electronically controlled braking system, comprising a brake motor assembly and an electronic control module, characterized in that It also includes a coil clutch assembly, a first-stage reduction assembly, an eccentric assembly, a brake caliper piston assembly, a friction plate, a brake caliper, a brake caliper mounting bracket, and an angle position sensor; The coil clutch assembly is arranged between the brake motor assembly and the first-stage reduction assembly, and is used to control the connection and disconnection of the brake motor assembly and the first-stage reduction assembly; The eccentric wheel assembly includes an eccentric wheel, an eccentric wheel drive shaft, and an eccentric wheel connecting plate. The eccentric wheel connecting plate is arranged at one end of the eccentric wheel drive shaft. The eccentric wheel is arranged in the middle of the eccentric wheel drive shaft. The eccentric wheel connecting plate is connected to the output end of the first-stage reduction assembly. The brake caliper is arranged on the brake caliper mounting bracket, the brake caliper piston assembly is arranged on the brake caliper, and the friction plate is arranged on the lower end of the brake caliper piston assembly; The brake caliper piston assembly is arranged at the lower end of the eccentric wheel, and the linear motion of the brake caliper piston assembly is driven by the eccentric wheel.

2. The variable speed ratio electronically controlled braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake caliper includes an upper left housing, an upper middle housing, an upper right housing, an intermediate housing, and a lower housing. The upper left housing, the upper middle housing, and the upper right housing are all arranged at the upper end of the intermediate housing. The upper left housing and the upper middle housing are connected together, and the lower housing is arranged at the lower end of the intermediate housing. The lower housing as a whole is an L-shaped structure, and the brake caliper piston assembly is arranged between the intermediate housing and the lower housing. The eccentric wheel is arranged between the upper middle housing and the upper right housing, and the two ends of the eccentric wheel drive shaft are respectively embedded in the upper middle housing and the upper right housing. The angular position sensor is arranged on the upper right housing, and the eccentric wheel connecting plate is arranged in the upper left housing.

3. The variable speed ratio electronically controlled braking system according to claim 2, characterized in that The brake caliper piston assembly includes a brake piston, a top plate, a brake pad wear compensation return rod, a brake pad wear compensation return spring, and a screw rod. The screw rod is a hollow structure and is arranged in the brake piston. The external thread of the screw rod matches the internal thread in the brake piston. The top plate is arranged on the top of the screw rod and contacts the eccentric wheel. The brake pad wear compensation return spring passes through the upper end of the brake pad wear compensation return rod. The upper ends of the brake pad wear compensation return spring and the brake pad wear compensation return rod are both arranged inside the screw rod.

4. The variable speed ratio electronically controlled braking system according to claim 3, characterized in that The brake motor assembly includes a motor sealing cover, a motor, a motor bracket, and a right bracket shell. The motor bracket is an L-shaped structure as a whole. The motor and the electronic control module are arranged on the lower end bottom plate of the motor bracket. The motor sealing cover is arranged on the periphery of the motor and connected to the motor bracket; the right bracket shell is arranged at the upper end of the motor bracket side plate, and the right bracket shell is connected to the upper left shell of the brake caliper.

5. The variable speed ratio electronically controlled braking system according to claim 4, characterized in that The first-stage reduction assembly includes a sun gear, a planetary gear, and a gear ring. The gear ring is arranged in the upper left housing of the brake caliper, the planetary gear is arranged at the edge of the gear ring, the outer gear of the planetary gear is meshed with the inner gear of the gear ring, the sun gear is arranged at the center of the gear ring, the outer gear of the sun gear is meshed with the outer gear of the planetary gear, and the input shaft of the sun gear is provided with an external gear; the planetary gear is connected to the eccentric wheel connecting plate.

6. The variable speed ratio electronically controlled braking system according to claim 5, characterized in that The coil clutch assembly includes a coil, a movable plate pushing spring, a movable plate, and a static plate. The center parts of the coil and the static plate are through holes. The coil is arranged in the right shell of the bracket. The movable plate pushing spring is arranged in the through hole of the coil. The center part of the movable plate is provided with an internal gear. The internal gear of the movable plate is engaged with the external gear of the sun gear input shaft, and the movable plate can slide on the axis; the static plate is arranged between the movable plate and the gear ring of the first-stage reduction assembly, and the movable plate and the static plate can engage with each other.

7. The variable speed ratio electronically controlled braking system according to claim 6, characterized in that The number of the planetary wheels is four; the piston surface of the brake piston is an anisotropic waist-shaped surface, which is consistent with the shape of the friction plate body.

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