Drop structure suitable for small and micro water body purification
By setting up ecological gravel beds, stilling basins and waterfall walls in the river channel, combined with plant buffer zones and aeration devices, the problems of water pollution and poor fluidity caused by falling water flow are solved, the purification of small water bodies and the improvement of their ornamental value are achieved, which meets the development requirements of environmental protection and ecological benefits.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422020623.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-20
AI Technical Summary
In rural channels or river ditches with steep slopes and large elevation differences, water flows freely vertically at the junction of rivers and ponds, leading to scouring damage, poor water fluidity, pollution accumulation and insufficient water dynamics.
By adopting ecological gravel bed, stilling basin and waterfall wall structure, combined with plant buffer zone and aeration device, a purification system suitable for small water bodies is constructed. Through the primary sedimentation function of the ecological gravel bed, the consolidation and improvement of soil by plants and the oxygen enrichment of falling water flow, water purification and improvement of ornamental value are achieved.
It achieves primary purification of water bodies, filters coarse particulate impurities, increases the oxygen content of water bodies, improves water quality, prevents soil erosion, and enhances the ornamental value of wetlands, which is in line with the development concept of environmental protection and ecological benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN223385990U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of water conservancy projects, and more specifically, relates to a waterfall structure suitable for purifying small water bodies. Background Art
[0002] In rural channels or river ditches with steep slopes and large elevation differences, due to natural factors such as terrain undulations and geological structures, the same rural river channel is usually connected by several discontinuous small rivers and ponds upstream and downstream. When there is water coming from upstream, the water flow has a drop at the connection point between the rivers and ponds, forming a free vertical fall, which will cause scouring and damage within a certain range downstream. When there is no water coming from upstream, the pond water surface is almost still, the water body has poor fluidity, and some water bodies are shallow. Insufficient water dynamics leads to pollution accumulation and poor self-purification capacity of the water body. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to address the deficiencies in the existing technology and provide a waterfall structure suitable for the purification of small water bodies. The waterfall structure has a simple process, low construction difficulty, and quick results, and causes less pollution to the surrounding environment. It is also low-carbon and environmentally friendly, with considerable ecological benefits, and is in line with the new era of water management concepts of beautiful water villages, environmental protection, intensive resource conservation, and green and sustainable development.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a waterfall structure suitable for purifying small water bodies, comprising:
[0005] An ecological gravel bed is set in the upstream front-end river pond ditch. There are multiple energy dissipation pools downstream of the ecological gravel bed. The energy dissipation pools are set in steps. Each energy dissipation pool is provided with an energy dissipation gravel layer. A waterfall wall is provided between the two energy dissipation pools located at the downstream end.
[0006] Optionally, the ecological gravel bed includes an aquifer, an impermeable geotextile and a rammed soil layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
[0007] Optionally, a block stone layer, a first gravel layer and a second gravel layer are respectively provided in the upper, middle and lower parts of the aquifer, the particle size of the gravel in the first gravel layer is larger than the particle size of the gravel in the second gravel layer, the thickness of the first gravel layer is not less than 12 cm, and the thickness of the second gravel layer is not less than 9 cm.
[0008] Optionally, the ecological gravel bed is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid, a parabola or a triangle. The longitudinal slope of the ecological gravel bed is no more than 4%.
[0009] Optionally, plant buffer zones are provided on both sides of the stilling pool, and a submerged plant buffer zone is provided at the bottom of the stilling pool.
[0010] Optionally, the waterfall wall includes a plurality of landscape rocks, and the plurality of landscape rocks are arranged in a stepped manner.
[0011] Optionally, the landscaping stone has a block diameter of 50 to 100 cm.
[0012] Optionally, an aeration device is provided in the stilling basin located at the most downstream.
[0013] The utility model provides a waterfall structure suitable for the purification of small water bodies, and its beneficial effects are as follows: the waterfall structure is combined with the existing topography and is constructed through the transformation of the ecological gravel bed, so as to give full play to the primary sedimentation function of the water diversion ditch and pond, and perform front-end purification on the incoming water, and effectively filter the coarse particle impurities in the water body and purify the water while transmitting the water; in addition, plant buffer zones are set on both sides of the riverbed to implement vegetation protection measures, consolidate the soil through the root system of the plants, improve the soil properties, intercept rainwater and sewage, regulate surface runoff, and prevent soil erosion; a waterfall wall is arranged at the overflow port, and the height difference of the water flow is used to promote the aeration of the water body, thereby increasing the oxygen content in the water, providing an energy basis for further self-purification of the water body, enriching the water body with oxygen, and improving the ornamental value of the internal landscape of the wetland.
[0014] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description of the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
[0016] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a waterfall structure suitable for purifying small water bodies according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an ecological gravel bed according to an embodiment of the utility model is shown.
[0018] Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a drop wall according to an embodiment of the utility model.
[0019] Description of reference numerals:
[0020] 1. Ecological gravel bed; 2. Energy dissipation basin; 3. Energy dissipation crushed stone layer; 4. Waterfall wall; 5. Aquifer; 6. Anti-seepage geotextile; 7. Rammed soil layer; 8. Block stone layer; 9. First gravel layer; 10. Second gravel layer; 11. Plant buffer zone; 12. Submerged plant buffer zone; 13. Landscape stone; 14. Aeration device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention in greater detail. Although preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
[0022] The utility model provides a waterfall structure suitable for purifying small water bodies, comprising:
[0023] The ecological gravel bed is set in the river pond and ditch at the upstream end. There are multiple energy dissipation pools downstream of the ecological gravel bed. The energy dissipation pools are set in steps. Each energy dissipation pool is equipped with an energy dissipation gravel layer. A waterfall wall is set between the two energy dissipation pools at the downstream end.
[0024] Specifically, the waterfall structure incorporates an ecological gravel bed upstream, fully leveraging the primary sedimentation function of the diversion ditches and ponds to achieve front-end purification of incoming water. While conveying water, it effectively filters coarse particles and impurities, completing its purification function. Furthermore, a drop wall is installed at the overflow outlet, creating a free fall of water through a height difference. This enriches the water with oxygen while enhancing the visual appeal of the wetland. The width, length, and configuration of the ecological gravel bed and drop wall within the waterfall structure can be adjusted based on site conditions and purification needs. The diverse cross-sectional forms of the drainage ditch effectively collect surface runoff, road surface water, and unorganized or organized drainage from embankments.
[0025] Optionally, the ecological gravel bed includes an aquifer, an impermeable geotextile and a rammed soil layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
[0026] Optionally, the upper, middle and lower parts of the aquifer are respectively provided with a block stone layer, a first gravel layer and a second gravel layer, the particle size of the gravel in the first gravel layer is larger than the particle size of the gravel in the second gravel layer, the thickness of the first gravel layer is not less than 12 cm, and the thickness of the second gravel layer is not less than 9 cm.
[0027] Optionally, the ecological gravel bed is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the longitudinal slope of the ecological gravel bed is not greater than 4%.
[0028] Specifically, when renovating the river ponds and ditches upstream of the river, a river live water system can be built, and gravel and other fillers can be filled inside to form an ecological gravel bed. The type of ecological gravel bed can be combined with the riverbed shape, topography and landform, and can adopt various styles such as parabola, triangle or inverted trapezoid with downward protrusion in the middle, which can improve applicability. In the ecological gravel bed, from top to bottom, the following are set: aquifer, 400g / m 2The anti-seepage geotextile and rammed earth layer are constructed through the reconstruction of the ecological gravel bed, which fully utilizes the primary sedimentation function of the diversion ditches and ponds to purify the incoming water at the front end. During the water transmission, it also effectively filters out coarse particles and purifies the water.
[0029] Optionally, plant buffer zones are provided on both sides of the stilling pool, and a submerged plant buffer zone is provided at the bottom of the stilling pool.
[0030] Specifically, vegetation protection measures are adopted in the coastal buffer zones on both sides of the riverbed (ditch). The roots of plants consolidate the soil, improve soil properties, intercept rainwater and sewage, regulate surface runoff, and prevent soil erosion. In addition, vegetation can absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, slowing global warming, purifying the air, reducing noise, absorbing smoke and dust, purifying water and soil, and playing a role in health protection.
[0031] Optionally, the waterfall wall includes a plurality of landscape rocks, and the plurality of landscape rocks are arranged in a stepped manner.
[0032] Optionally, the diameter of the landscaping stone is 50 to 100 cm.
[0033] Specifically, the waterfall wall is arranged at the overflow outlet and is constructed with landscape stones such as wild mountain stones with a diameter of 50-100cm. The energy dissipation design of the waterfall slope foot needs to be determined comprehensively based on factors such as water flow, flow velocity, water level difference, existing soil conditions, underwater terrain distribution, and surrounding environment. The use of energy-dissipating gravel layers, energy-dissipating ridges, energy-dissipating pools, etc. can be considered, and the construction of aquatic plant wetland buffer zones can be used to achieve water level drop height difference and visual softening treatment. The free fall of water is formed through the height difference, which enriches the water body with oxygen while improving the visual appreciation of the wetland.
[0034] Optionally, an aeration device is provided in the stilling basin located most downstream.
[0035] Specifically, the aeration device can adopt an aeration oxygenator, which can effectively improve the river water quality, promote the improvement of river water quality and the improvement of river ecological environment.
[0036] Example
[0037] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the utility model provides a waterfall structure suitable for purifying small water bodies, including:
[0038] The ecological gravel bed 1 is set in the upstream front river pond ditch. There are multiple energy dissipation pools 2 downstream of the ecological gravel bed 1. The energy dissipation pools 2 are arranged in a stepped manner. Each energy dissipation pool 2 is provided with an energy dissipation gravel layer 3. A waterfall wall 4 is provided between the two energy dissipation pools 2 located at the downstream end.
[0039] In this embodiment, the ecological gravel bed 1 includes an aquifer 5, an impermeable geotextile 6 and a rammed soil layer 7 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
[0040] In this embodiment, the upper, middle and lower parts of the aquifer 5 are respectively provided with a block stone layer 8, a first gravel layer 9 and a second gravel layer 10. The particle size of the gravel in the first gravel layer 9 is larger than the particle size of the gravel in the second gravel layer 10. The thickness of the first gravel layer 9 is not less than 12 cm, and the thickness of the second gravel layer 10 is not less than 9 cm.
[0041] In this embodiment, the ecological gravel bed 1 is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the longitudinal slope of the ecological gravel bed 1 is no more than 4%.
[0042] In this embodiment, plant buffer zones 11 are provided on both sides of the stilling pool 2 , and a submerged plant buffer zone 12 is provided at the bottom of the stilling pool 2 .
[0043] In this embodiment, the drop wall 4 includes a plurality of landscape stones 13 , and the plurality of landscape stones 13 are arranged in a stepped manner.
[0044] In this embodiment, the diameter of the landscaping stone 13 is 50-100 cm.
[0045] In this embodiment, an aeration device 14 is provided in the stilling basin 2 located at the most downstream.
[0046] In summary, the waterfall structure sets up an ecological gravel bed 1 in the upstream front end river pond ditch, and sets up a block stone layer 8, a first gravel layer 9 and a second gravel layer 10 in the ecological gravel bed 1 from top to bottom. The particle size of the block stone layer 8 is the largest, and the particle size of the gravel in the second gravel layer 10 is the smallest. The structure can perform primary sedimentation on the water flow in the ditch and realize the front end purification of the incoming water, thereby effectively filtering the coarse particle impurities in the water body; a waterfall wall 4 is set at the overflow port, and a shape with a height difference is formed by multiple landscape stones 13, which not only cooperates with the existing soil conditions and the surrounding environment, but also allows the water to fall freely, enriching the water body while improving the visual appreciation of the wetland; a plant buffer zone 11 and a submerged plant buffer zone 12 are set in the energy dissipation pool 2, which can improve soil properties, intercept rainwater and sewage, regulate surface runoff, and prevent soil erosion.
[0047] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims
1. A waterfall structure suitable for purification of small water bodies, characterized in that: include: An ecological gravel bed is set in the upstream front-end river pond ditch. There are multiple stilling pools downstream of the ecological gravel bed. The stilling pools are arranged in a stepped manner. Each stilling pool is provided with a stilling gravel layer. A waterfall wall is provided between the two stilling pools located at the most downstream. The ecological gravel bed includes an aquifer, an anti-seepage geotextile and a rammed soil layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The upper, middle and lower parts of the aquifer are respectively provided with a block stone layer, a first gravel layer and a second gravel layer, the particle size of the gravel in the first gravel layer is larger than the particle size of the gravel in the second gravel layer, the thickness of the first gravel layer is not less than 12 cm, and the thickness of the second gravel layer is not less than 9 cm; The ecological gravel bed is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid, or a parabola or a triangle. The longitudinal slope of the ecological gravel bed is not greater than 4%.
2. The waterfall structure suitable for purification of small and micro water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: Plant buffer zones are arranged on both sides of the stilling pool, and a submerged plant buffer zone is arranged at the bottom of the stilling pool.
3. The waterfall structure suitable for purification of small and micro water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterfall wall includes a plurality of landscape rocks, and the plurality of landscape rocks are arranged in a stepped manner.
4. The waterfall structure suitable for purification of small and micro water bodies according to claim 3, characterized in that: The block diameter of the landscape rock pile is 50 to 100 cm.
5. The waterfall structure suitable for purification of small and micro water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aeration device is provided in the stilling pool located at the most downstream.