Air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering, which comprises a main body, a ventilation fan, an escape platform, a first escape ladder stand and a second escape ladder stand, in the air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering, when a fire disaster occurs in a parking lot, people far away from a conventional escape channel can escape into the air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering nearby and enter a shaft way; the escape ladder climbs to the escape platform through the first escape ladder to wait temporarily, then climbs to the position below the opening through the second escape ladder in order, and the blocking door is opened upwards to achieve escape. By means of the design of the escape platform, on one hand, escape personnel are farther away from the fire, a temporary rest waiting point for the personnel to climb upwards is provided, and the personnel are prevented from being blocked at the narrow opening. And more escape persons can be contained in the hoistway, the person bearing capacity of the hoistway is improved, and therefore the survival probability of the escape persons is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a ventilation shaft structure for civil air defense projects, belonging to the technical field of civil air defense projects. Background Art

[0002] Civil air defense projects include underground protective structures built specifically for the purpose of sheltering personnel and supplies, providing civil air defense command, and providing medical assistance during wartime. These structures are typically located on the second basement floor or below of multi-story buildings. To ensure the normal flow of people and things within these structures, good air quality is essential. Therefore, both multi-story and underground buildings often feature reserved passageways for these structures, known as air shafts. These shafts are primarily used for ventilation and may include ladders for maintenance personnel.

[0003] In the prior art, underground parking lots are generally also provided with the above-mentioned air shaft structure. In emergency situations such as fire in the parking lot, the air shaft structure may also be considered for escape. However, the existing air shaft structure does not meet the escape requirements and needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a ventilation shaft structure for civil air defense projects that can meet escape needs and increase the survival probability of escapees.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a ventilation shaft structure for civil air defense engineering, comprising:

[0006] A main body, wherein a shaft extending in an up-down direction is formed in the main body, the main body comprising a top wall and two first side walls extending downward from the top wall, the top wall being arranged at the top end of the shaft and having an opening, the opening being covered with a door, the door being provided with a ventilation hole, the door being openable upward, the two first side walls being arranged opposite to each other on either side of the opening, the upper end of each first side wall being provided with a vent, and the main body further comprising a second side wall extending between the two first side walls;

[0007] A ventilation fan is installed on the lower side of the top wall, and two ventilation fans are provided. The two ventilation fans are respectively arranged on both sides of the opening, and the air inlet sides of the two ventilation fans are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the opening, and the air outlet sides of each ventilation fan are respectively arranged toward the ventilator.

[0008] an escape platform, horizontally cantilevered on the second side wall, the escape platform being located below the opening;

[0009] A plurality of first escape ladders are provided and are installed and distributed on the two first side walls, each of the first escape ladders extending upward from the lower end of the shaft to the upper side of the escape platform; and

[0010] The second escape ladder is installed on the second side wall and extends upward from the upper side of the escape platform to the lower side of the blocking door.

[0011] Optionally, a fire extinguishing mechanism is installed on the lower side of the escape platform.

[0012] Optionally, the fire extinguishing mechanism includes a water tank, a drain valve and a porous spray disc fixed on the lower side of the escape platform. The water tank is installed on the escape platform, the water outlet side of the porous spray disc is set downward, and is connected to the water tank through the drain valve.

[0013] Optionally, the fire extinguishing mechanism further includes a dry powder storage tank, a spray gun pipe and a delivery pump mounted on the water tank, wherein the spray gun pipe is movably mounted on the lower side of the water tank and is connected to the dry powder storage tank through the delivery pump.

[0014] Optionally, the fire extinguishing mechanism further includes a controller, a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor, and the controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor, the drain valve and the delivery pump to control the operation of the drain valve and the delivery pump according to the detection results of the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor.

[0015] Optionally, a flame retardant plate is provided on the lower side of the shaft, and the flame retardant plate is provided below the first escape ladder.

[0016] Optionally, an anti-slip staircase is provided in the shaft, the anti-slip staircase is arranged close to the second side wall and extends upward to above the lower end of the first escape ladder, and the flame retardant plate is provided on the lower side of the anti-slip staircase.

[0017] Optionally, each vent cover is provided with a filter.

[0018] Optionally, a non-slip handle is provided on the lower side of the door.

[0019] Optionally, a rain shield is provided on the upper cover of the main body, and the rain shield is supported above the top wall at intervals by support members.

[0020] The technical solution provided by the utility model has the following advantages:

[0021] The civil air defense shaft structure provided by the present invention includes a main body, a ventilation fan, an escape platform, a first escape ladder, and a second escape ladder. In the embodiment provided by the present invention, when a fire occurs in a parking lot, people who are far away from the conventional escape passage can escape to the civil air defense shaft structure nearby, enter the shaft, climb to the escape platform via the first escape ladder to wait temporarily, and then climb to the bottom of the opening via the second escape ladder in an orderly manner, and open the door upwards to escape. The design of the escape platform, on the one hand, allows escapees to be further away from the fire, and provides a temporary waiting point for people to climb upwards, preventing people from being crowded in narrow openings. It also allows the shaft to accommodate more escapees, improving the personnel carrying capacity of the shaft, thereby increasing the chances of survival of escapees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the air shaft structure for civil air defense projects provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front cross-sectional view of the ventilation shaft structure of the civil air defense project;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing mechanism;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Bottom view of the medium porous spray disc.

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 1-Main body; 2-Support; 3-Rain shield; 4-First escape ladder; 5-Ventilation port; 6-Escape platform; 7-Water storage tank; 8-Delivery pump; 9-Drain valve; 10-Multi-hole spray disc; 11-Smoke sensor; 12-Second escape ladder; 13-Block door; 14-Shaft; 15-Top wall; 151-First side wall; 152-Second side wall; 16-Flame retardant board; 17-Anti-slip staircase; 18-Dry powder storage box; 19-Spray gun tube; 20-Anti-slip handle; 21-Ventilation fan; 22-Filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0032] See also Figures 1 to 5 The utility model provides a ventilation shaft structure for civil air defense projects, which is specifically a buried civil air defense ventilation shaft structure. The civil air defense ventilation shaft structure can be applied to ventilation measures in underground parking lots.

[0033] Specifically, the man-made windproof shaft structure includes a main body 1 , a ventilation fan 21 , an escape platform 6 , a first escape ladder 4 and a second escape ladder 12 .

[0034] The main body 1 can generally be made of reinforced concrete, in which a shaft 14 extending in the vertical direction is formed. A doorway can be opened at the lower end of the shaft 14 and a fire door can be set. In this way, when a fire or other dangerous situation occurs in the parking lot, people in the parking lot can escape to the shaft 14 nearby for shelter, and close the fire door to seal and block the spread of the fire.

[0035] The main body 1 includes a top wall 15 and two first side walls 151 extending downward from the top wall 15. The top wall 15 is arranged at the top end of the shaft 14 and has an opening. The opening is covered with a door 13, and the door 13 is provided with ventilation holes. The door 13 is arranged to be openable upward. Preferably, the door 13 is arranged to be rotatable upward. It is best if a non-slip handle 20 is installed on the lower side of the door 13 to facilitate people inside the shaft 14 to open the door 13 upward. The two first side walls 151 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the opening. The upper end of each first side wall 151 is provided with a vent 5. The main body 1 also includes a second side wall 152 extending between the two first side walls 151. Preferably, the second side wall 152 is arranged opposite to the fire door, and the two first side walls 151 are arranged on both sides of the fire door.

[0036] A ventilation fan 21 is mounted on the lower side of the top wall 15. Two ventilation fans 21 are provided, one on each side of the opening. The air inlet sides of the two ventilation fans 21 are both oriented toward the opening and are arranged opposite each other. The air outlet sides of the ventilation fans 21 are respectively oriented toward the vent 5. In this embodiment, when the air-defense wind shaft structure is normally ventilated, the ventilation fans 21 can operate in normal gear, drawing in fresh air through the vents and delivering it to the basement through the vent 5.

[0037] The escape platform 6 is horizontally cantilevered on the second side wall 152. The escape platform 6 is located below the opening and is preferably cast integrally with the main body 1. There are multiple first escape ladders 4, which are installed and distributed on the two first side walls 151. Each first escape ladder 4 extends upward from the lower end of the shaft 14 to the upper side of the escape platform 6. The second escape ladder 12 is installed on the second side wall 152 and extends upward from the upper side of the escape platform 6 to the lower side of the retaining door 13. Preferably, the first escape ladder 4 and the second escape ladder 12 are both scalding-proof ladders. When a fire occurs in the parking lot, people who are far away from the conventional escape passage can escape to the air shaft structure of the civil air defense project nearby, enter the shaft 14, climb to the escape platform 6 via the first escape ladder 4 to wait temporarily, and then climb to the bottom of the opening via the second escape ladder 12 in an orderly manner, and open the retaining door 13 upward to escape. The design of the escape platform 6 not only allows escapees to be further away from the fire, but also provides a temporary resting point for people climbing up, preventing people from being crowded in the narrow opening. It also allows the shaft 14 to accommodate more escapees, increasing the carrying capacity of the shaft 14 and thus increasing the chances of survival for the escapees.

[0038] Furthermore, to prevent the fire from spreading into the shaft 14 and causing a dangerous situation inside the shaft 14, in this embodiment, a fire extinguishing mechanism is installed on the underside of the escape platform 6. When a fire occurs in the shaft 14, the fire extinguishing mechanism can automatically or manually provide fire extinguishing measures, including but not limited to water spraying, spraying dry powder, etc.

[0039] Specifically, the fire extinguishing mechanism includes a water tank 7, a drain valve 9 and a porous spraying disc 10 fixed to the lower side of the escape platform 6. The water tank 7 is installed on the escape platform 6, and the water outlet side of the porous spraying disc 10 is set downward and connected to the water tank 7 through the drain valve 9. Figures 2 to 5 As shown, when a fire occurs in the shaft 14, personnel can operate the drain valve 9 to open, and water can be sprayed downward through the porous spray plate 10 to control the fire. Even if there is no fire in the shaft 14, but the temperature is too high or there is too much smoke, the porous spray plate 10 can also be opened to spray water to cool the shaft 14 and / or control smoke.

[0040] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing mechanism also includes a dry powder storage tank 18 mounted on the water tank, a spray gun pipe 19, and a delivery pump 8. The spray gun pipe 19 is movably mounted on the lower side of the water tank and is connected to the dry powder storage tank 18 via the delivery pump 8. The spray gun pipe 19 can not only centrally deal with fires that cannot be controlled by water spraying, but also provide reliable fire extinguishing measures in the event of a fire on the upper side of the escape platform 6, further improving the escape probability of evacuees.

[0041] Based on the above embodiment, the fire extinguishing mechanism further includes a controller, a temperature sensor, and a smoke sensor 11. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor 11, the drain valve 9, and the delivery pump 8 to control the operation of the drain valve 9 and the delivery pump 8 based on the detection results of the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor 11. In this way, the controller can control the opening of the multi-hole spray plate 10 and / or the spray gun tube 19 by monitoring the fire and temperature in the shaft 14, thereby promptly and effectively controlling the fire and preventing the fire in the shaft 14 from becoming uncontrollable and causing casualties.

[0042] Optionally, a flame retardant plate 16 is provided on the lower side of the shaft 14, and the flame retardant plate 16 is provided below the first escape ladder 4. In this embodiment, the flame retardant plate 16 has a bottom flame retardant and heat insulating effect, so that people on the first escape ladder 4 above it can temporarily stand before climbing.

[0043] Furthermore, a non-slip landing 17 is provided within the hoistway 14. The non-slip landing 17 is positioned adjacent to the second sidewall 152 and extends upward to the lower end of the first escape ladder 4. The flame-retardant panel 16 is disposed on the underside of the non-slip landing 17. In this embodiment, the non-slip landing 17 provides a temporary standing space for people entering the hoistway 14, allowing them to queue in an orderly manner, climb up the first escape ladder 4, and then climb onto the escape platform 6 to wait. The flame-retardant panel 16 disposed on the underside of the non-slip landing 17 enhances safety for those on the landing.

[0044] In order to improve the situation where smoke in the parking lot flows back into the shaft 14, it is preferred that the vent 5 is covered with a filter 22 to filter the air entering the shaft 14, and when a fire occurs, it is preferred to control the ventilation fan 21 to work at the highest gear to promptly suck away the smoke in the shaft 14 and improve the living environment in the shaft 14.

[0045] Preferably, a rain shield 3 is provided above the main body 1, and the rain shield 3 is supported above the top wall 15 at intervals by the support member 2. In this embodiment, the rain shield 3 plays the role of shielding rain and preventing water seepage, and can effectively prevent rainwater from flowing back into the well 14.

[0046] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications without creative work, which should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation shaft structure for civil air defense projects, characterized in that: include: A main body, wherein a shaft extending in an up-down direction is formed in the main body, the main body comprising a top wall and two first side walls extending downward from the top wall, the top wall being arranged at the top end of the shaft and having an opening, the opening being covered with a door, the door being provided with a ventilation hole, the door being openable upward, the two first side walls being arranged opposite to each other on either side of the opening, the upper end of each first side wall being provided with a vent, and the main body further comprising a second side wall extending between the two first side walls; A ventilation fan is installed on the lower side of the top wall, and two ventilation fans are provided. The two ventilation fans are respectively arranged on both sides of the opening, and the air inlet sides of the two ventilation fans are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the opening, and the air outlet sides of each ventilation fan are respectively arranged toward the ventilator. an escape platform, horizontally cantilevered on the second side wall, the escape platform being located below the opening; A plurality of first escape ladders are provided and are installed and distributed on the two first side walls, each of the first escape ladders extending upward from the lower end of the shaft to the upper side of the escape platform; and The second escape ladder is installed on the second side wall and extends upward from the upper side of the escape platform to the lower side of the blocking door.

2. The air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fire extinguishing mechanism is installed on the lower side of the escape platform.

3. The air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing mechanism includes a water tank, a drain valve and a porous spraying disc fixed on the lower side of the escape platform. The water tank is installed on the escape platform, the water outlet side of the porous spraying disc is set downward, and is connected to the water tank through the drain valve.

4. The air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing mechanism further comprises a dry powder storage tank, a spray gun pipe and a delivery pump mounted on the water tank. The spray gun pipe is movably mounted on the lower side of the water tank and is connected to the dry powder storage tank through the delivery pump.

5. The air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing mechanism also includes a controller, a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor, the drain valve and the delivery pump to control the operation of the drain valve and the delivery pump according to the detection results of the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor.

6. The air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A flame retardant plate is provided on the lower side of the shaft, and the flame retardant plate is provided below the first escape ladder.

7. The air shaft structure for civil air defense engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: An anti-slip staircase is provided in the shaft, the anti-slip staircase is arranged close to the second side wall and extends upward to above the lower end of the first escape ladder, and the flame retardant plate is arranged on the lower side of the anti-slip staircase.

8. The air shaft structure for civil air defense projects according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each vent upper cover is provided with a filter screen.

9. The air shaft structure for civil air defense projects according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: An anti-slip handle is provided on the lower side of the door.

10. The air shaft structure for civil air defense projects according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The upper cover of the main body is provided with a rain shielding cover, and the rain shielding cover is supported above the top wall at intervals through supporting members.

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