Air-cooled biomass burner adopting heat pipe cooling anti-slagging fire grate

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air-cooled biomass burner adopting a heat pipe cooling anti-slagging fire grate, which relates to the technical field of biomass burners, and comprises a furnace body, a combustion chamber is arranged in the furnace body, and the combustion chamber is connected with a combustion pipe; a fire grate is installed in the combustion chamber and provided with a primary air channel and a fire grate upper plate, an inlet of the primary air channel is communicated with an air blower, and the primary air channel is provided with a primary air outlet hole with an opening facing the upper surface of the fire grate upper plate. The boiler further comprises a heat pipe used for dissipating heat of the fire grate, the heat pipe comprises an evaporation section installed in the fire grate and a condensation section communicated with the evaporation section, and the condensation section is installed in the air cooling channel of the boiler body. The heat pipe cooling mode is adopted for cooling the fire grate of the combustion engine, the cooling speed is high, the cooling effect is good, and the high-temperature slagging phenomenon can be effectively prevented; meanwhile, the movable fire poking pieces are arranged between the fire grates, and slag breaking and slag discharging can be fast achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass burners, in particular to an air-cooled biomass burner which adopts a heat pipe to cool an anti-slagging grate. Background Art

[0002] Biomass burner refers to a biomass semi-gasification automatic control burner. The basic working principle is to make the biomass pellet fuel undergo a high-temperature cracking reaction in the high-temperature cracking and gasification combustion chamber to produce high-temperature combustion gas. In this process, "sensible heat" and intermediate combustible components are generated, which enter the combustion tube for complete combustion, releasing "total chemical heat" to provide heat for subsequent equipment.

[0003] However, biomass fuels are rich in alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, which directly affects the ash melting point of biomass fuels, which is often relatively low. It is particularly easy to cause slagging during direct combustion, gasification and other heat utilization processes, seriously affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube bundle. Therefore, in the process of gasification or combustion of biomass fuels (or high-alkali coal fuels), how to suppress the slagging problem in the oxidation zone caused by high alkali metal content has become a pain point and difficult problem in this field.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent application number 202410932298.3 proposes a water-cooled anti-slagging gasification combustion air outlet structure and its control method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method utilizes a designed single-layer grate and a double-layer grate stacked in combination to reduce direct contact between the ash and the local high-temperature area. The ash temporarily stored in the groove 23 is cooled by the surface of the water-cooled grate to prevent slagging and expansion; the grate 8 is cooled by spraying water into the water-cooling channel 22 in the grate 8; the gasified air is forced to leave the outlet of the grate 8 and blow in a direction parallel to the surface of the grate 8. The downstream concave surface or groove 23 can promote more air to flow through the area below the fuel 24 close to the surface of the grate 8, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area 25, greatly reducing the local high temperature in the fuel 24, thereby effectively suppressing slagging; the accompanying drawings Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the air flow direction and temperature distribution of a traditional grate. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature after the new grate forces the air to turn.

[0005] The above patent provides a new idea for the air outlet method of the grate, which can better concentrate the combustion area of ​​the fuel in the area close to the grate surface, and prevent high-temperature slagging in the combustion area by cooling the grate; however, this solution mainly cools the grate by water cooling. For equipment that does not require hot water, there is no external circulating water to cool the grate surface, which will inevitably cause waste. If the grate is cooled by air cooling alone, the cooling effect needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an air-cooled biomass burner with heat pipe cooling anti-slagging grate, which adopts heat pipe cooling to cool the grate of the burner, has a fast cooling speed and good cooling effect, and can effectively prevent the occurrence of high-temperature slagging; at the same time, movable fire-paddles are provided between the grates, which can quickly break and discharge slag.

[0007] The utility model includes a furnace body, a combustion chamber is provided in the furnace body, and the combustion chamber is connected to a combustion tube; an ash chamber is provided below the combustion chamber, and the ash chamber is provided with an ash discharge door; the utility model also includes a hopper, which is connected to a feeding device, a grate is installed in the combustion chamber, the grate is provided with a primary air channel and a grate upper plate, the inlet of the primary air channel is connected to a blower, and the primary air channel is provided with a primary air outlet opening on the upper surface of the grate upper plate; the utility model also includes a heat pipe for dissipating heat to the grate, the heat pipe includes an evaporation section installed in the grate, and a condensation section connected to the evaporation section, and the condensation section is installed in the air cooling channel of the furnace body.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation fins are arranged at intervals on the condensing section.

[0009] Preferably, an air guide plate is provided above the primary air outlet, and the air guide plate is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate.

[0010] Preferably, the air cooling channel includes a rear wall channel arranged on the rear side wall of the furnace body, side wall channels on the left and right side walls, and a front wall channel on the front side wall. The rear wall channel, side wall channels and front wall channels are connected to each other; the rear wall channel is connected to the secondary air duct, and the secondary air duct is connected to the blower; the front wall channel is connected to the combustion-supporting air duct, and the combustion-supporting air duct is connected to the combustion pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a fire-poke piece is installed in the gap between two adjacent grates, and the fire-poke piece can move left and right along the length direction of the grate under the action of external power.

[0012] Preferably, there are a plurality of grates which are arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber, and an ash dropout opening is formed between two adjacent grates.

[0013] Preferably, the upper plate of the grate is tilted toward the ash outlet.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The surface of the grate is provided with grooves, which are arranged along the outlet direction of the primary air outlet holes. The air generated by the blower is divided into two streams. The first stream of air first enters the primary air channel of each grate, and is sprayed into the combustion chamber through the primary air outlet holes in a direction parallel to the grate surface. It is blown out along the grooves on the grate surface to support the combustion of the fuel, prompting more air to flow through the area below the fuel close to the grate surface, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area, facilitating cooling through the grate, and avoiding blowing air upward from the bottom of the grate like traditional burners, which causes high temperature in the upper part, cannot dissipate heat in time, and causes high-temperature slagging. The second stream of air enters the combustion tube through the combustion-supporting air duct, and supports the combustion of the gas in the combustion tube, making it burn more fully.

[0016] 2. Using heat pipe cooling to cool the grate can quickly reduce the temperature of the grate surface. It is more suitable for stoves that do not use water. It can avoid the heat loss caused by the hot water generated by water cooling having nowhere to be used. Compared with the forced exhaust cooling method, the heat pipe cooling method can expand the heat dissipation area through the condensation section of the heat pipe, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation speed of the evaporation section and having a better cooling effect on the grate.

[0017] 3. A fire poke is installed in the gap between two adjacent grates. The fire poke can move left and right along the length of the grate, thereby eliminating fuel bridging, facilitating ash discharge and slag breaking, making ash and slag easier to discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature distribution of the traditional grate mentioned in the background technology;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature after the new grate forced air to turn as cited in this patent in the background technology;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an air-cooled biomass burner that uses heat pipes to cool anti-slagging grate in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Left view of;

[0022] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the grate.

[0023] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. combustion chamber; 3. combustion tube; 4. ash chamber; 5. ash discharge door; 6. hopper; 7. feeding device; 8. grate; 801. primary air duct; 802. grate upper plate; 803. primary air outlet; 804. air guide plate; 9. heat pipe; 901. evaporation section; 902. condensation section; 903. heat dissipation fin; 10. blower; 11. air cooling channel; 1101. rear wall channel; 1102. side wall channel; 1103. front wall channel; 12. secondary air duct; 13. combustion-supporting air duct; 14. fire poke; 15. ash outlet; 16. primary air duct; 17. roller; 18. track; 19. bracket; 20. reciprocating motor; 21. thermal conductive filler; 22. water-cooling channel; 23. groove; 24. fuel; 25. high-temperature area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The orientations mentioned in this specification are based on the orientations of the air-cooled biomass burner with heat pipe cooling and anti-slagging grate of the utility model during normal operation, and do not limit its orientation during storage and transportation. They only represent relative position relationships, not absolute position relationships.

[0026] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown together, an air-cooled biomass burner using a heat pipe to cool an anti-slagging grate includes a furnace body 1, a combustion chamber 2 is provided in the furnace body 1, and the combustion chamber 2 is connected to a combustion tube 3; it also includes a hopper 6, the hopper 6 is connected to a feeding device 7, the hopper 6 is used to store fuel 24, the hopper 6 is connected to the feeding device 7, the biomass particle fuel 24 enters the high-temperature cracking semi-gasification combustion chamber 2 through the feeding device 7, and the gasifying agent is supplied from the lower part of the furnace. A high-temperature cracking reaction occurs rapidly in the combustion chamber 2 to produce high-temperature combustion gas. In the process, "sensible heat" and intermediate products containing combustible components are generated, which then enter the combustion tube 3 for combustion, releasing "total chemical heat" for heating the back-end equipment.

[0027] A grate 8 is installed in the combustion chamber 2. The grate 8 is provided with a primary air channel 801 and a grate upper plate 802. There are several grates 8, which are arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber 2, thereby dividing the combustion chamber 2 into two upper and lower spaces. The upper part of the grate 8 is used to burn fuel 24, and the lower part of the grate 8 is provided with an ash chamber 4. The ash chamber 4 is used to temporarily store the ash produced by combustion. The ash chamber 4 is provided with an ash discharge door 5, which is used to remove the ash in the ash chamber 4; an ash outlet 15 is formed between two adjacent grates 8, and the ash produced by the combustion of the fuel 24 falls into the ash chamber 4 through the ash outlet 15 between the adjacent grates 8. The ash discharge door 5 is opened regularly to manually remove the ash in the ash chamber 4; the grate upper plate 802 is inclined toward the ash outlet 15, and the inclined grate upper plate 802 is more conducive to the ash moving toward the ash outlet 15 under the action of gravity, and finally discharged through the ash outlet 15.

[0028] The primary air channel 801 is provided with a primary air outlet hole 803 opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate 802. There are a number of primary air outlet holes 803, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the primary air channel 801; the inlet of the primary air channel 801 is connected to the blower 10, and the wind generated by the blower 10 is divided into two streams. The first stream of wind enters the primary air channel 801 of each grate 8 through the primary air duct 16, and then is sprayed into the combustion chamber 2 through the primary air outlet hole 803 in a direction parallel to the surface of the grate 8. A high-temperature cracking reaction rapidly occurs in the combustion chamber 2 to produce high-temperature combustion gas. In this process, "sensible heat" and intermediate products containing combustible components are generated, and then enter the combustion tube 3 for combustion, releasing "total chemical heat" for heating the back-end equipment.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the surface of the grate 8 is provided with grooves 23, and the grooves 23 are arranged along the air outlet direction of the primary air outlet hole 803; an air guide plate 804 is provided above the primary air outlet hole 803, and the air guide plate 804 is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate 802, so that the wind blown out from the primary air outlet hole 803 is parallel to the surface direction of the grate 8 and blown out along the grooves 23 on the surface of the grate 8, prompting more air to flow through the area close to the surface of the grate 8 below the fuel 24, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area 25, which is convenient for the grate 8 to quickly cool down and prevent the generation of high-temperature slagging.

[0030] The air-cooling channel 11 includes a rear wall channel 1101 arranged on the rear side wall of the furnace body 1, side wall channels 1102 on the left and right side walls, and a front wall channel 1103 on the front side wall. The rear wall channel 1101, the side wall channel 1102 and the front wall channel 1103 are connected to each other; the rear wall channel 1101 is connected to the secondary air duct 12, and the secondary air duct 12 is connected to the blower 10; the front wall channel 1103 is connected to the combustion-supporting air duct 13, and the combustion-supporting air duct 13 is connected to the combustion tube 3; the second wind generated by the blower 10 enters the combustion tube 3 through the secondary air duct 12, the rear wall channel 1101, the side wall channel 1102, the front wall channel 1103, and the combustion-supporting air duct 13 in turn to assist the combustion of the gas, so that it burns more fully.

[0031] Furthermore, a heat pipe 9 is included for dissipating heat from the grate 8. The heat pipe 9 includes an evaporation section 901 installed in the grate 8 for dissipating heat from the grate 8, and a condensation section 902 connected to the evaporation section 901 for dissipating heat. The evaporation section 901 is filled with an appropriate amount of working medium. Preferably, in this embodiment, the working medium is water. In other embodiments, the working medium may also be a substance with other components. A capillary tube is connected between the evaporation section 901 and the condensation section 902 of the heat pipe 9. When the evaporation section 901 is heated, the working medium evaporates in the evaporation section 901, absorbs heat and is converted into steam. The steam is transmitted to the condensation section 902 through the capillary tube. The condensation section 902 is installed in the air-cooling channel 11 of the furnace body 1. The secondary air duct 12 blows air into the air-cooling channel 11 to cool the condensation section 902. The steam cools and condenses into liquid in the condensation section 902, releasing the absorbed heat. The liquid returns to the evaporation section 901 by gravity and starts the circulation again, thereby cooling the grate 8.

[0032] Furthermore, a number of heat dissipation fins 903 are arranged at intervals on the condensing section 902, so that the heat dissipation area of ​​the condensing section 902 is larger, the heat dissipation speed is faster, and the heat dissipation effect is better, so that the heat of the evaporating section 901 can be taken away faster, and the evaporating section 901 has a better cooling effect on the grate 8.

[0033] Furthermore, the grate 8 is filled with heat-conducting fillers 21 around the evaporation tubes, so that the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel 24 on the grate upper plate 802 can be better conducted to the evaporation tubes and dissipated.

[0034] Furthermore, a poke plate 14 is installed in the gap between two adjacent grates 8. Several poke plates 14 are detachably mounted on a bracket 19 by fasteners. The bracket 19 is arranged along the length direction of the grate 8. A roller 17 is provided below the bracket 19, and a track 18 is provided below the roller 17. The bracket 19 moves left and right along the length direction of the grate 8 on the track 18 under the drive of the reciprocating motor 20, driving the poke plates 14 to move left and right along the length direction of the grate 8, thereby eliminating the bridging of the fuel 24, facilitating the ash discharge and slag breaking, and making the ash and slag easier to be discharged.

[0035] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air-cooled biomass burner using heat pipes to cool anti-slagging grates, characterized by: The invention comprises a furnace body (1), wherein a combustion chamber (2) is provided in the furnace body (1), wherein the combustion chamber (2) is connected to a combustion tube (3); an ash chamber (4) is provided below the combustion chamber (2), wherein the ash chamber (4) is provided with an ash discharge door (5); and further comprises a hopper (6), wherein the hopper (6) is connected to a feeding device (7), and is characterized in that a grate (8) is installed in the combustion chamber (2), wherein the grate (8) is provided with a primary air channel (801) and a grate upper plate (802), wherein the primary air channel The inlet of (801) is connected to the blower (10), and the primary air channel (801) is provided with a primary air outlet hole (803) opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate (802); and further comprises a heat pipe (9) for dissipating heat from the grate (8), the heat pipe (9) comprising an evaporation section (901) installed in the grate (8), and a condensation section (902) connected to the evaporation section (901), and the condensation section (902) is installed in the air cooling channel (11) of the furnace body (1).

2. The air-cooled biomass burner with heat pipe cooling and anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of heat dissipation fins (903) are arranged at intervals on the condensation section (902).

3. The air-cooled biomass burner with heat pipe cooling and anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air guide plate (804) is provided above the primary air outlet hole (803), and the air guide plate (804) is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate (802).

4. The air-cooled biomass burner with heat pipe cooling and anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air cooling channel (11) comprises a rear wall channel (1101) arranged on the rear side wall of the furnace body (1), side wall channels (1102) on the left and right side walls, and a front wall channel (1103) on the front side wall; the rear wall channel (1101), the side wall channels (1102), and the front wall channel (1103) are interconnected; the rear wall channel (1101) is connected to the secondary air duct (12), and the secondary air duct (12) is connected to the blower (10); the front wall channel (1103) is connected to the combustion-supporting air duct (13), and the combustion-supporting air duct (13) is connected to the combustion tube (3).

5. The air-cooled biomass burner with heat pipe cooling and anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fire-poke plate (14) is installed in the gap between two adjacent grates (8), and the fire-poke plate (14) can move left and right along the length direction of the grate (8) under the action of external power.

6. The air-cooled biomass burner with heat pipe cooling and anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of grates (8) are provided and arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber (2), and an ash drop opening (15) is formed between two adjacent grates (8).

7. The air-cooled biomass burner with heat pipe cooling for anti-slagging grate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grate upper plate (802) is tilted toward the ash outlet (15).

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