Efficient and stable vertical gear head

Abstract

The utility model provides an efficient and stable vertical gear head which comprises a gear box, a main shaft arranged on one side of the gear box and a motor arranged on the other side of the gear box, a base plate is arranged between the gear box and the motor, and a tool beating cylinder is arranged on the base plate. A gear shifting oil cylinder located on the gear box is arranged on the side edge of the unclamping cylinder. A flow dividing block is arranged on the gearbox, and an oil inlet and a pressure gauge are arranged on the flow dividing block; an oil return opening and an oil drainage opening are formed in the side face of the gearbox. Lubricating oil in the gear box enters an external cooling unit through the oil return opening and then circulates into the gear box through the oil inlet. The circulating and cooling process of the lubricating oil ensures that the internal temperature of the gearbox is stable, and equipment performance reduction or damage caused by overheating is avoided; the design of the vertical gear head allows the vertical gear head to work stably under different environmental conditions, including high-temperature or continuous operating industrial environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gear heads, in particular to a highly efficient and stable vertical gear head. Background Art

[0002] In modern industrial production, vertical gearheads, as a crucial component of precision mechanical transmissions, are widely used in machining centers and automated production lines. Traditional vertical gearheads have limitations, such as inefficient tool changes, inflexible gear switching, and imprecise temperature control. These issues can lead to unstable equipment operation, high maintenance costs, and limited production efficiency. Furthermore, when operating for extended periods or under high loads, existing gearheads can experience heat buildup, causing internal gearbox temperatures to rise, impacting the performance and lifespan of the gears and bearings. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient and stable vertical gear head to solve the problems of insufficient flexibility in gear switching and heat accumulation inside the gear box in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] An efficient and stable vertical gear head includes a gearbox, a main shaft arranged on one side of the gearbox, and a motor arranged on the other side of the gearbox. A pad is provided between the gearbox and the motor, a knife cylinder is provided on the pad, and a shift cylinder located on the gearbox is provided on the side of the knife cylinder; a diverter block is provided on the gearbox, and an oil inlet and a pressure gauge are provided on the diverter block; an oil return port and an oil drain port are provided on the side of the gearbox; the lubricating oil in the gearbox enters the external cooling unit through the oil return port and then circulates to the gearbox through the oil inlet.

[0006] To implement the above technical solution, the cutting cylinder is installed on the pad and is used in the automatic tool changing system to realize the tool replacement on the spindle; the shift cylinder is located on the side of the cutting cylinder and is responsible for controlling the switching of gears to change the speed and torque output of the gearbox; the diverter block on the gearbox is equipped with an oil inlet and a pressure gauge for monitoring and regulating the pressure of the lubricating oil in the gearbox; the circulation and cooling process of the lubricating oil ensures the stability of the internal temperature of the gearbox to avoid equipment performance degradation or damage caused by overheating; the design of the vertical gear head allows it to work stably under different environmental conditions, including high temperature or continuous operation industrial environments.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, a switch fixing bracket is provided on the backing plate and is located at the lower end of the knife-beating cylinder. A proximity switch is provided on the switch fixing bracket.

[0008] To implement the above technical solution, the proximity switch is a non-contact sensor that can detect changes in the position of the knife cylinder. The use of the proximity switch improves the accuracy of the knife cylinder position detection and ensures the accuracy of the tool changing process; the proximity switch can quickly respond to changes in the position of the knife cylinder, thereby improving the response speed and degree of automation.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, a window, a liquid level gauge and a fuel filling port are provided on the gear box.

[0010] To implement the above technical solution, a window is provided on the gearbox, allowing the operator or maintenance personnel to directly observe the mechanical structure and operating status inside the gearbox. A liquid level gauge is installed on the gearbox to monitor the oil level of the lubricating oil in real time to ensure that the oil level remains within a safe range. The oil filling port provides a convenient way to replenish the lubricating oil for the gearbox, facilitating regular maintenance and lubricating oil replacement.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shift cylinder includes an upper oil circuit seat, a base plate, a base embedded in the base plate, and a sleeve arranged between the upper oil circuit seat and the base; a shift rod is provided in the sleeve, a shift piston is provided on the shift rod, and the inner cavity of the sleeve is divided into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity by the shift piston; a high-speed oil port connected to the rodless cavity is provided on the upper oil circuit seat, and a low-speed oil port connected to the rod cavity is provided on the base.

[0012] To implement this technical solution, the base is embedded in the baseplate, forming a closed cylinder space with the upper oil manifold. The upper oil manifold has a high-range oil port for connecting to the rodless chamber, while the base has a low-range oil port for connecting to the rod chamber. By controlling the opening and closing of these ports, the flow of hydraulic oil can be changed, thereby achieving gear shifting. When the hydraulic system supplies oil to the rodless chamber, the shift piston pushes the shift rod to shift to a high gear; conversely, supplying oil to the rod chamber enables a low gear shift.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a push head is provided in the rodless cavity, and a push head piston corresponding to the shift piston is sleeved on the push head; a top groove is provided on the side of the shift rod close to the push head, and a push rod is provided on the push head which is threadedly connected to the top groove.

[0014] To implement this technical solution, a push rod is installed on the side of the ram near the shift lever, and a top groove is provided on the shift lever for the push rod to fit in. When the rodless chamber is filled with hydraulic oil, the generated thrust acts on the ram piston, which is then transmitted to the shift lever through the push rod. The push rod fits into the top groove of the shift lever, ensuring that the shift lever can stably move to the predetermined position under the action of hydraulic oil pressure and lock the gear in a specific gear. The design of the ram piston ensures the accuracy of the shift action and reduces errors caused by hydraulic oil pressure fluctuations.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, an annular locking groove is provided on the plug, and a self-locking device for locking the plug through the locking groove is provided on the upper oil passage seat.

[0016] To achieve this technical solution, the mandrel is specially designed with an annular locking groove and a self-locking device integrated into the upper oil channel seat. This device interacts with the mandrel through the annular locking groove to achieve a self-locking function. The use of the self-locking device improves shifting reliability, ensuring that the gear head maintains the shift position even under long-term operation or in vibrating environments.

[0017] In one embodiment of the utility model, the self-locking device includes a fixed plate, a connecting plate connecting the upper oil circuit seat and the fixed plate, the inner cavity of the fixed plate and the connecting plate form a self-locking cavity that passes through the rodless cavity; a locking head that can abut against the locking groove is provided in the self-locking cavity, and a spring is provided between the locking head and the fixed plate.

[0018] To implement the above technical solution, a lock head is installed in the self-locking cavity, which abuts against the annular lock groove on the top head. A spring is installed between the lock head and the fixed plate, ensuring that the lock head is stably retained in the lock groove under the action of the spring force, thus achieving self-locking. To unlock, pressurized oil is introduced into the rodless cavity, and the pressure causes the lock head to withdraw from the lock groove, allowing the shift lever to move to another position and achieve gear shifting.

[0019] As described above, the efficient and stable vertical gear head of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the design of the shift cylinder realizes the precise switching of gears, adapts to different processing requirements, and improves the flexibility and adaptability of the gear head; through the circulation cooling of the lubricating oil, the internal temperature of the gear box is effectively controlled to prevent overheating and extend the service life of the equipment; the design of the window, liquid level gauge and oil filling port makes the real-time monitoring and maintenance of the gear box more convenient, and improves the reliability of the equipment; the design of the head piston and the push rod ensures the accuracy of the shifting action, and the use of the self-locking device improves the reliability of the shifting; the design of the vertical gear head allows it to work stably under different environmental conditions, including high temperature or continuous operation industrial environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 Shown is another structural schematic diagram of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 Shown is a cross-sectional view of the shift cylinder.

[0023] Component number description

[0024] 1. Gearbox; 2. Spindle; 3. Motor; 4. Pad; 5. Cylinder for cutting; 6. Shifting oil cylinder; 7. Manifold block; 8. Oil inlet; 9. Pressure gauge; 10. Oil return port; 11. Oil drain port; 12. Switch mounting bracket; 13. Proximity switch; 14. Window; 15. Level gauge; 16. Oil filler port; 17. Upper oil manifold seat; 18. Bottom plate; 19. Base; 20. Sleeve; 21. Shift lever; 22. Shift piston; 23. Rod chamber; 24. Rodless chamber; 25. High-speed oil port; 26. Low-speed oil port; 27. Ejector; 28. Ejector piston; 29. ​​Ejector groove; 30. Ejector rod; 31. Locking groove; 32. Fixing plate; 33. Connecting plate; 34. Self-locking chamber; 35. Locking head; 36. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the other advantages and functions of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 3 The utility model provides an efficient and stable vertical gear head, comprising a gear box 1, a main shaft 2 arranged on one side of the gear box 1, and a motor 3 arranged on the other side of the gear box 1. A pad 4 is provided between the gear box 1 and the motor 3, and a knife cylinder 5 is provided on the pad 4. The side of the knife cylinder 5 is provided with a shifting oil cylinder 6 located on the gear box 1; a diverter block 7 is provided on the gear box 1, and an oil inlet 8 and a pressure gauge 9 are provided on the diverter block 7; an oil return port 10 and an oil drain port 11 are provided on the side of the gear box 1; the lubricating oil in the gear box 1 enters the external cooling unit through the oil return port 10 and then circulates to the gear box 1 through the oil inlet 8.

[0027] The tool-beating cylinder 5 is installed on the pad 4 and is used in the automatic tool-changing system to realize the tool replacement on the spindle 2; the shift cylinder 6 is located on the side of the tool-beating cylinder 5 and is responsible for controlling the switching of gears to change the speed and torque output of the gearbox 1; the diverter block 7 on the gearbox 1 is provided with an oil inlet 8 and a pressure gauge 9 for monitoring and regulating the pressure of the lubricating oil in the gearbox 1; the circulation and cooling process of the lubricating oil ensures the stability of the internal temperature of the gearbox 1 to avoid equipment performance degradation or damage caused by overheating; the design of the vertical gear head allows it to work stably under different environmental conditions, including high temperature or continuous operation industrial environments.

[0028] The backing plate 4 is provided with a switch mounting bracket 12 located at the lower end of the cutting cylinder 5. A proximity switch 13 is mounted on the switch mounting bracket 12. The proximity switch 13 is a non-contact sensor capable of detecting changes in the position of the cutting cylinder 5. The use of the proximity switch 13 improves the accuracy of the position detection of the cutting cylinder 5 and ensures the accuracy of the tool changing process. The proximity switch 13 can quickly respond to changes in the position of the cutting cylinder 5, improving the response speed and degree of automation.

[0029] The gearbox 1 is provided with a viewing window 14, a level gauge 15, and a refueling port 16. The viewing window 14 allows operators or maintenance personnel to directly observe the internal mechanical structure and operating status of the gearbox 1. The level gauge 15 is installed on the gearbox 1 to monitor the lubricating oil level in real time to ensure that the oil level remains within a safe range. The refueling port 16 provides a convenient way to replenish the lubricating oil in the gearbox 1, facilitating regular maintenance and lubricating oil replacement.

[0030] The shift cylinder 6 includes an upper oil circuit seat 17, a base plate 18, a base 19 embedded in the base plate 18, and a sleeve 20 arranged between the upper oil circuit seat 17 and the base 19; a shift rod 21 is provided in the sleeve 20, a shift piston 22 is sleeved on the shift rod 21, and the inner cavity of the sleeve 20 is divided into a rod cavity 23 and a rodless cavity 24 by the shift piston 22; a high-speed oil port 25 connected to the rodless cavity 24 is provided on the upper oil circuit seat 17, and a low-speed oil port 26 connected to the rod cavity 23 is provided on the base 19.

[0031] The base 19 is embedded in the base plate 18, forming a closed cylinder space with the upper oil passage seat 17. The upper oil passage seat 17 is equipped with a high-range oil port 25 for connecting to the rodless chamber 24; the base 19 is equipped with a low-range oil port 26 for connecting to the rod chamber 23. By controlling the opening and closing of these ports, the flow of hydraulic oil can be changed, thereby achieving gear shifting. When the hydraulic system supplies oil to the rodless chamber 24, the shift piston 22 pushes the shift rod 21 to move the high gear position; conversely, supplying oil to the rod chamber 23 achieves the low gear position.

[0032] A push head 27 is provided in the rodless cavity 24, and a push head piston 28 corresponding to the shift piston 22 is sleeved on the push head 27; a top groove 29 is provided on the side of the shift rod 21 close to the push head 27, and a push rod 30 is provided on the push head 27 and threadedly connected to the top groove 29.

[0033] A push rod 30 is provided on the side of the ram 27 near the shift rod 21, and a top groove 29 is formed in the shift rod 21 for receiving the push rod 30. When the rodless chamber 24 is filled with hydraulic oil, the generated thrust acts on the ram piston 28, which is then transmitted to the shift rod 21 through the push rod 30. The push rod 30 is embedded in the top groove 29 of the shift rod 21, ensuring that the shift rod 21 can stably move to the predetermined position under the action of hydraulic oil pressure and lock the gear in a specific gear. The design of the ram piston 28 ensures the accuracy of the shift action and reduces the error caused by fluctuations in hydraulic oil pressure.

[0034] The mandrel 27 is provided with an annular locking groove 31, and the upper oil passage seat 17 is equipped with a self-locking device that locks the mandrel 27 through the locking groove 31. The mandrel 27 is specially designed with an annular locking groove 31, and the upper oil passage seat 17 is integrated with a self-locking device that interacts with the mandrel 27 through the annular locking groove 31 on the mandrel 27 to achieve a self-locking function. The use of the self-locking device improves shifting reliability, ensuring that the gear head can maintain the shift position even under long-term operation or in vibrating environments.

[0035] The self-locking device includes a fixed plate 32 and a connecting plate 33 connecting the upper oil circuit seat 17 and the fixed plate 32. The inner cavity of the fixed plate 32 and the connecting plate 33 forms a self-locking cavity 34 that is connected to the rodless cavity 24. A locking head 35 that can abut against the locking groove 31 is provided in the self-locking cavity 34, and a spring 36 is provided between the locking head 35 and the fixed plate 32.

[0036] A lock head 35 is located within the self-locking chamber 34 and engages the annular lock groove 31 on the top head 27. A spring 36 is provided between the lock head 35 and the fixed plate 32, ensuring that the lock head 35 remains stably within the lock groove 31 under the force of the spring 36, thus achieving self-locking. To unlock, pressurized oil is introduced into the rodless chamber 24, causing the lock head 35 to withdraw from the lock groove 31 under the action of the pressure, thereby allowing the shift lever 21 to move to another position and achieve gear shifting.

[0037] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent modifications or variations made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts disclosed herein shall be encompassed by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient and stable vertical gear head, comprising a gear box (1), a main shaft (2) arranged on one side of the gear box (1), and a motor (3) arranged on the other side of the gear box (1), characterized in that: A backing plate (4) is provided between the gear box (1) and the motor (3), a knife-beating cylinder (5) is provided on the backing plate (4), and a shifting oil cylinder (6) located on the gear box (1) is provided on the side of the knife-beating cylinder (5); The gear box (1) is provided with a diverter block (7), and the diverter block (7) is provided with an oil inlet (8) and a pressure gauge (9); An oil return port (10) and an oil drain port (11) are provided on the side of the gear box (1); The lubricating oil in the gear box (1) enters the external cooling unit through the oil return port (10) and then circulates into the gear box (1) through the oil inlet port (8).

2. The efficient and stable vertical gear head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backing plate (4) is provided with a switch fixing frame (12) located at the lower end of the knife-beating cylinder (5), and the switch fixing frame (12) is provided with a proximity switch (13).

3. The efficient and stable vertical gear head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear box (1) is provided with a viewing window (14), a liquid level gauge (15) and a fuel filling port (16).

4. The efficient and stable vertical gear head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift oil cylinder (6) comprises an upper oil passage seat (17), a base plate (18), a base (19) embedded in the base plate (18), and a sleeve (20) arranged between the upper oil passage seat (17) and the base (19); A shift rod (21) is provided in the sleeve (20), a shift piston (22) is sleeved on the shift rod (21), and the inner cavity of the sleeve (20) is divided into a rod cavity (23) and a rodless cavity (24) by the shift piston (22); The upper oil passage seat (17) is provided with a high-speed oil port (25) communicating with the rodless cavity (24), and the base (19) is provided with a low-speed oil port (26) communicating with the rod cavity (23).

5. The efficient and stable vertical gear head according to claim 4, characterized in that: A push head (27) is provided in the rodless cavity (24), and a push head piston (28) corresponding to the shift piston (22) is sleeved on the push head (27); A top groove (29) is provided on one side of the shift lever (21) close to the top head (27), and a top rod (30) is provided on the top head (27) and is threadedly connected to the top groove (29).

6. The efficient and stable vertical gear head according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular locking groove (31) is provided on the mandrel (27), and a self-locking device for locking the mandrel (27) through the locking groove (31) is provided on the upper oil passage seat (17).

7. The efficient and stable vertical gear head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The self-locking device comprises a fixing plate (32), a connecting plate (33) connecting the upper oil passage seat (17) and the fixing plate (32), wherein the inner cavities of the fixing plate (32) and the connecting plate (33) form a self-locking cavity (34) that is in communication with the rodless cavity (24); A lock head (35) capable of abutting against the lock groove (31) is provided in the self-locking cavity (34), and a spring (36) is provided between the lock head (35) and the fixing plate (32).

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