Water-cooled biomass burner adopting water-cooled anti-slagging fire grate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water-cooled biomass burner adopting a water-cooled anti-slagging fire grate, which relates to the technical field of biomass burners, and comprises a furnace body, a combustion chamber is arranged in the furnace body, and the combustion chamber is connected with a combustion pipe; an ash chamber is arranged below the combustion chamber and is provided with an ash discharge door; the boiler further comprises a hopper connected with a feeding device, and is characterized in that a fire grate is installed in the combustion chamber and provided with a primary air channel, a water cooling channel and a fire grate upper plate, the primary air channel is provided with a primary air outlet hole with an opening facing the upper surface of the fire grate upper plate, and an inlet of the primary air channel is communicated with an air blower; the air blower is further connected with a secondary air pipe, and an outlet of the secondary air pipe is communicated with the combustion pipe. The fire grate is cooled in a water cooling mode, the cooling efficiency is high, the anti-slagging effect is good, the movable fire grate and the fixed fire grate are arranged, the phenomenon of fuel bridging is eliminated, and ash discharging and slag breaking are more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass burners, in particular to a water-cooled biomass burner adopting a water-cooled anti-slagging grate. Background Art

[0002] Biomass burner refers to a biomass semi-gasification automatic control burner. The basic working principle is: biomass pellet fuel enters the high-temperature cracking semi-gasification combustion chamber through an automatic feeding system, and the gasifying agent is supplied from the bottom of the furnace. In the high-temperature cracking gasification combustion chamber, a high-temperature cracking reaction rapidly occurs to produce high-temperature combustion gas. In this process, "sensible heat" and intermediate products such as H2, CH4, CO and other combustible components are generated; the biomass pellet fuel directly enters the high-temperature combustion chamber with sufficient oxygen through the gas nozzle and is completely burned, releasing "all chemical heat". It is suitable for supporting and energy-saving transformation of other heating equipment such as drying lines, ovens, boilers, die-casting machines, industrial furnaces, drying equipment, and drying equipment in electroplating plants.

[0003] However, biomass fuels are rich in alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, which directly affects the ash melting point of biomass fuels, which is often relatively low. It is particularly easy to cause slagging during direct combustion, gasification and other heat utilization processes, seriously affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube bundle. Therefore, in the process of gasification or combustion of biomass fuels (or high-alkali coal fuels), how to suppress the slagging problem in the oxidation zone caused by high alkali metal content has become a pain point and difficult problem in this field.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent application number 202410932298.3 proposes a water-cooled anti-slagging gasification combustion air outlet structure and its control method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method utilizes a designed single-layer grate and a double-layer grate stacked in combination to reduce direct contact between the ash and the local high-temperature area. The ash temporarily stored in the groove 21 is cooled by the surface of the water-cooled grate to prevent slagging and expansion; the grate 8 is cooled by spraying water into the water-cooling channel 802 in the grate 8; the gasified air is forced to leave the outlet of the grate 8 and blow in a direction parallel to the surface of the grate 8. The downstream concave surface or groove 21 can promote more air to flow through the area below the fuel 22 close to the surface of the grate 8, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area 23, greatly reducing the local high temperature in the fuel 22, thereby effectively suppressing slagging; the accompanying drawings Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the air flow direction and temperature distribution of a traditional grate. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature after the new grate forces the air to turn.

[0005] The above patents provide new ideas for the air outlet method of the grate. It can better concentrate the combustion area of ​​the fuel in the area close to the grate surface, and prevent high-temperature slagging in the combustion area by cooling the grate. This saves water resources and avoids heat waste to a certain extent. However, its structure is complex and it is not easy to be widely used. It is also not suitable for use in scenarios where burners such as boilers have hot water needs. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a water-cooled biomass burner with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate. The grate is cooled by water cooling, with high cooling efficiency and good anti-slagging effect. A movable grate and a fixed grate are provided to eliminate the phenomenon of fuel bridging, making ash discharge and slagging more convenient.

[0007] The utility model includes a furnace body, a combustion chamber is provided in the furnace body, and the combustion chamber is connected to a combustion tube; an ash chamber is provided below the combustion chamber, and the ash chamber is provided with an ash discharge door; and a hopper is also provided, and the hopper is connected to a feeding device. The utility model is characterized in that a grate is installed in the combustion chamber, and the grate is provided with a primary air channel, a water cooling channel and an upper plate of the grate, the primary air channel is provided with a primary air outlet hole opening toward the upper surface of the upper plate of the grate, and the inlet of the primary air channel is connected to a blower; the blower is also connected to a secondary air duct, and the outlet of the secondary air duct is connected to the combustion tube.

[0008] Preferably, an air guide plate is provided above the primary air outlet, and the air guide plate is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate.

[0009] Preferably, the grate includes a fixed grate and a movable grate, and the water cooling channels of the fixed grate and the movable grate are respectively connected to the water supply main. The fixed grate is connected to the water supply main through a movable water distribution pipe, and the movable grate is connected to the water supply main through a fixed water distribution pipe. The water supply main is connected to a reciprocating motor, and the movable grate is driven to move left and right under the action of the reciprocating motor.

[0010] Preferably, a roller is installed at the lower part of the water supply main, and a track is provided at the lower part of the roller.

[0011] Preferably, the rails are arranged parallel to the grate.

[0012] Preferably, there are a plurality of grates which are arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber, and an ash dropout opening is formed between two adjacent grates.

[0013] Preferably, the upper plate of the grate is tilted toward the ash outlet.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The surface of the grate is provided with grooves, which are arranged along the outlet direction of the primary air outlet holes. The wind generated by the blower is divided into two streams. The first stream of wind first enters the primary air channel of each grate, and is sprayed into the combustion chamber through the primary air outlet holes in a direction parallel to the grate surface, and is blown out along the grooves on the grate surface to assist the combustion of the fuel, so that more air flows through the area below the fuel close to the grate surface, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area, which is convenient for cooling through the grate and avoids blowing air upward from the bottom of the grate like traditional burners, which causes high temperature in the upper part and cannot dissipate heat in time, resulting in high-temperature slagging. The second stream of wind enters the combustion tube through the secondary air duct, assists the combustion of the gas in the combustion tube, and makes it burn more fully.

[0016] 2. The grate is cooled by water, which can quickly reduce the temperature of the grate surface, with faster cooling speed and better cooling effect. After the cooling water absorbs the heat of the grate in the water cooling channel, it can be used by subsequent boilers and other equipment that require water, without causing heat waste.

[0017] 3. There are movable grates and fixed grates. When the water supply main moves, the movable grate will move with it, while the fixed grate is fixed and cannot move with the water supply main, so that the gap between the fixed grate and the movable grate changes, thereby eliminating fuel bridging, facilitating ash discharge and slag breaking, and making ash and slag easier to discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature distribution of the traditional grate mentioned in the background technology;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature after the new grate forced air to turn as cited in this patent in the background technology;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Left view of;

[0022] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the grate.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Furnace body; 2. Combustion chamber; 3. Combustion tube; 4. Ash chamber; 5. Ash discharge door; 6. Hopper; 7. Feeding device; 8. Grate; 801. Primary air channel; 802. Water cooling channel; 803. Grate upper plate; 804. Primary air outlet; 805. Air guide plate; 806. Fixed grate; 807. Movable grate; 808. Movable water distribution pipe; 809. Fixed water distribution pipe; 9. Blower; 10. Secondary air duct; 11. Water supply main; 12. Reciprocating motor; 13. Roller; 14. Track; 15. Ash outlet; 16. Driving connecting rod; 17. Primary air duct; 21. Groove; 22. Fuel; 23. High temperature area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The orientations mentioned in this specification are based on the orientations of the water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate of the present invention during normal operation, and do not limit the orientations during storage and transportation. They only represent relative positional relationships, not absolute positional relationships.

[0026] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown together, a water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate includes a furnace body 1, a combustion chamber 2 is provided in the furnace body 1, and the combustion chamber 2 is connected to a combustion tube 3; it also includes a hopper 6, which is used to store fuel. The hopper 6 is connected to a feeding device 7. The biomass particle fuel enters the high-temperature cracking semi-gasification combustion chamber 2 through the feeding device 7, and the gasifying agent is supplied from the lower part of the furnace. A high-temperature cracking reaction occurs rapidly in the combustion chamber 2 to produce high-temperature combustion gas. In this process, "sensible heat" and intermediate products containing combustible components are generated, which then enter the combustion tube 3 for combustion, releasing "total chemical heat" for heating the back-end equipment.

[0027] A grate 8 is installed in the combustion chamber 2. The grate 8 is provided with a primary air channel 801, a water cooling channel 802 and a grate upper plate 803. The primary air channel 801 and the water cooling channel 802 are arranged side by side, and the grate upper plate 803 is arranged above the water cooling channel 802. There are several grates 8, which are arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber 2, thereby dividing the combustion chamber 2 into two upper and lower spaces. The upper part of the grate 8 is used to burn fuel, and the lower part of the grate 8 is provided with an ash chamber 4, which is used to temporarily store the ash produced by combustion. The ash chamber 4 is provided with an ash discharge door 5, which is used to remove the ash in the ash chamber 4; an ash outlet 15 is formed between two adjacent grates 8, and the ash produced by fuel combustion falls into the ash chamber 4 through the ash outlet 15 between the adjacent grates 8. The ash discharge door 5 is opened regularly to manually remove the ash in the ash chamber 4; the grate upper plate 803 is inclined toward the ash outlet 15, and the inclined grate upper plate 803 is more conducive to the ash moving toward the ash outlet 15 under the action of gravity, and finally discharged through the ash outlet 15.

[0028] The primary air channel 801 is provided with a primary air outlet hole 804 opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate 803. There are several primary air outlet holes 804, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the primary air channel 801; the inlet of the primary air channel 801 is connected to the blower 9, and the wind generated by the blower 9 is divided into two streams. The first stream of wind enters the primary air channel 801 of each grate 8 through the primary air duct 17, and then is sprayed into the combustion chamber 2 through the primary air outlet hole 804 in a direction parallel to the surface of the grate 8. A high-temperature cracking reaction rapidly occurs in the combustion chamber 2 to produce high-temperature combustion gas. In this process, "sensible heat" and intermediate products containing combustible components are generated, and then enter the combustion tube 3 for combustion, releasing "total chemical heat" for heating the back-end equipment; the second stream of wind generated by the blower 9 enters the combustion tube 3 through the secondary air duct 10, and assists the combustion of the gas in the combustion tube 3 to make it burn more fully.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the surface of the grate 8 is provided with grooves 21, and the grooves 21 are arranged along the air outlet direction of the primary air outlet hole 804; an air guide plate 805 is provided above the primary air outlet hole 804, and the air guide plate 805 is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate 803, so that the wind blown out from the primary air outlet hole 804 is parallel to the surface direction of the grate 8, and is blown out along the grooves 21 on the surface of the grate 8, so that more air is prompted to flow through the area close to the surface of the grate 8 below the fuel, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area 23, which is convenient for the grate 8 to be quickly cooled and the temperature is prevented from forming high-temperature slagging.

[0030] Furthermore, the grate 8 includes a fixed grate 806 and a movable grate 807, and the fixed grate 806 and the movable grate 807 are arranged at intervals, and the water-cooling channels 802 of the fixed grate 806 and the movable grate 807 are respectively connected to the water supply main 11, providing cooling water for the water-cooling channels 802 of the fixed grate 806 and the movable grate 807. After the cooling water absorbs the heat of the grate 8 in the water-cooling channel 802, it can be used by subsequent boilers and other equipment that require water, without causing heat waste; the fixed grate 806 is connected to the water supply main 11 through a movable water distribution pipe 808, and the movable water distribution pipe 808 is a flexible pipe, and the fixed grate 806 and the water supply main 11 can move relative to each other; the movable grate 807 is connected to the water supply main 11 through the fixed water distribution pipe 809, and the fixed water distribution pipe 809 is a rigid pipe, and the movable grate 807 and the water supply main 11 cannot move relative to each other.

[0031] A roller 13 is installed at the lower part of the water supply main 11, and a track 14 is provided at the lower part of the roller 13, and the track 14 is arranged parallel to the grate 8; the water supply main 11 is connected to the reciprocating motor 12 through a driving connecting rod 16, and under the action of the reciprocating motor 12, it makes an inclined linear motion parallel to the grate 8 along the track 14; when the water supply main 11 moves, it drives the movable grate 807 to move together, while the fixed grate 806 is fixed and cannot move with the water supply main 11, so that the gap between the fixed grate 806 and the movable grate 807 changes, thereby eliminating fuel bridging, facilitating ash discharge and slag breaking, and making it easier to discharge ash and slag.

[0032] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate, comprising a furnace body (1), wherein a combustion chamber (2) is provided in the furnace body (1), wherein the combustion chamber (2) is connected to a combustion tube (3); an ash chamber (4) is provided below the combustion chamber (2), wherein the ash chamber (4) is provided with an ash discharge door (5); and further comprising a hopper (6), wherein the hopper (6) is connected to a feeding device (7), wherein the hopper (6) is connected to a feeding device (7), and wherein the hopper (6) is characterized in that: A grate (8) is installed in the combustion chamber (2), and the grate (8) is provided with a primary air channel (801), a water cooling channel (802) and an upper plate of the grate (8), the primary air channel (801) is provided with a primary air outlet hole (804) opening toward the upper surface of the upper plate of the grate (8), and the inlet of the primary air channel (801) is connected to a blower (9); the blower (9) is also connected to a secondary air duct (10), and the outlet of the secondary air duct (10) is connected to the combustion tube (3).

2. The water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air guide plate (805) is provided above the primary air outlet hole (804), and the air guide plate (805) is arranged parallel to the upper plate of the grate (8).

3. The water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate (8) includes a fixed grate (806) and a movable grate (807). The water cooling channels (802) of the fixed grate (806) and the movable grate (807) are respectively connected to the water supply main pipe (11). The fixed grate (806) is connected to the water supply main pipe (11) through a movable water distribution pipe (808). The movable grate (807) is connected to the water supply main pipe (11) through a fixed water distribution pipe (809). The water supply main pipe (11) is connected to a reciprocating motor (12) and drives the movable grate (807) to move left and right under the action of the reciprocating motor (12).

4. The water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 3, characterized in that: A roller (13) is installed at the lower part of the water supply main pipe (11), and a track (14) is provided at the lower part of the roller (13).

5. The water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The track (14) is arranged parallel to the grate (8).

6. The water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of grates (8) are provided and arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber (2), and an ash drop opening (15) is formed between two adjacent grates (8).

7. The water-cooled biomass burner using a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper plate of the grate (8) is tilted toward the ash drop opening (15).

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