Transmission-type photoelastic instrument multifunctional loading frame

Abstract

The utility model discloses a transmission type photoelastic instrument multifunctional loading frame, which comprises a servo motor, an upper beam, a loading beam, a lower beam, stand columns and a base, the number of the stand columns is two, the two ends of the upper beam are fixed at the top ends of the two stand columns, the loading beam is assembled at the lower part of the upper beam, and the two ends of the loading beam are sleeved on the two stand columns through sleeves. The loading beam can move up and down along the two stand columns, the servo motor is fixed to the upper beam, the servo motor is connected with an output gear, the output gear is meshed with the transmission gear, the servo motor can drive the transmission gear to rotate through the output gear, and the upper portion of the ball screw is assembled in the middle of the top face of the upper beam. The device has the advantages that the device can be directly installed on a table top, and dynamic balance of force values in the experiment process is achieved. The loading mode is high in precision, stable in load and worthy of vigorous popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a multifunctional loading frame, in particular to a multifunctional loading frame of a transmission type photoelasticity instrument. Background Art

[0002] Photoelasticity, also known as photoelasticity, is an experimental technique for stress analysis that combines optics and mechanics. It uses transparent materials with artificial birefringence to create models with geometric shapes similar to actual engineering structures, components, or parts. Loads similar to those of the actual component are applied to the model. Stress at the model's boundaries and internal points is calculated based on photoelastic fringes, and then converted to stress on the original component using similarity theory. Its accuracy meets engineering design requirements.

[0003] Compared to the more commonly used electrical measurement method, the photoelastic method offers the advantages of full-field and intuitive analysis, enabling rapid identification of stress concentrations and the search for optimal component geometry from a strength perspective. It can be used not only to determine surface stress distribution in two-dimensional parts but also to analyze stress distribution within three-dimensional models.

[0004] Current photoelasticity instruments used in classrooms are complex, requiring a specialized light source and corresponding convex lens assembly. The loading frame is bulky, making the instrument extremely large. Existing miniaturized transmission-type photoelasticity instruments are limited in scope, and the loading frame has a small light field, resulting in less pronounced experimental phenomena and failing to meet most experimental needs. Photoelasticity instruments equipped with loading frames with larger light fields are expensive and therefore limited in widespread use. Therefore, photoelasticity instruments urgently need an effective and rational loading device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems of the existing loading frame used in the photoelasticity instrument having a small light field, unclear experimental phenomena, and being unable to meet most test requirements, and to provide a multifunctional loading frame for the transmission photoelasticity instrument.

[0006] The utility model provides a multifunctional loading frame of a transmission photoelastic instrument, which includes a servo motor, an upper beam, a loading beam, a lower beam, a column and a base, wherein two columns are symmetrically arranged, the two ends of the upper beam are fixed to the top ends of the two columns, the loading beam is assembled at the lower part of the upper beam, the two ends of the loading beam are sleeved on the two columns through a sleeve, and the loading beam can move up and down along the two columns, the servo motor is fixed on the upper beam, the servo motor is connected to an output gear, the output gear is meshed with the transmission gear, and the servo motor can drive the transmission gear to rotate through the output gear, the upper part of the ball screw is assembled at the middle part of the top surface of the upper beam, the transmission gear is fixedly connected to the bearing of the ball screw, and the lower end of the ball screw is fixed on the loading beam. During the rotation of the transmission gear, the ball screw can be driven to move up and down, thereby driving the loading beam to move up and down along the two columns. The bottom surface of the loading beam is equipped with a load sensor. The load sensor is connected to the computer through wired or wireless communication. The computer is connected to the servo motor. The load sensor can transmit the collected data to the computer in real time. The computer controls the operation of the servo motor through the data transmitted by the load sensor. The lower part of the load sensor is equipped with a detachable first loading tooling. The lower beam is assembled at the lower part of the loading beam, and a detachable second loading tooling is assembled on the lower beam corresponding to the first loading tooling on the bottom surface of the loading beam. The second loading tooling can be installed on the test piece, and the base is fixed at the bottom of the two columns.

[0007] The parts where the lower beams are assembled on the two columns are symmetrically provided with several rows of adjustment holes. The two ends of the lower beams are fixed in the adjustment holes by fixing pins. The setting height of the lower beams on the two columns can be adjusted through the several rows of adjustment holes.

[0008] Two guide rails are provided on the base, and the base can move along the two guide rails to drive the entire frame to move synchronously. A crossbeam is provided at the lower part of the base, and a leveling foot is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam.

[0009] The above-mentioned servo motors, load sensors and computers are all assemblies of existing equipment, so the specific models and specifications are not described in detail.

[0010] The working principle of this utility model:

[0011] The multifunctional loading frame of the transmission photoelasticity instrument provided by the present invention is driven by a servo motor through an output gear to rotate a transmission gear, thereby driving the rotation of a ball screw to drive the loading beam to move up and down smoothly along two columns. The loading beam drives the first loading tooling to apply a load to the test piece on the second loading tooling on the lower beam. If the load sensor senses that the load size is greater than the set size, the servo motor rotates in the opposite direction. When the load sensor senses that the load size is equal to the set size, the servo motor stops rotating. The multifunctional loading frame has a reasonable design and a simple structure. The up and down movement of the loading beam is controlled by the servo motor, and the loading is high in precision and stable, which is worthy of vigorous promotion.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0013] The utility model provides a multifunctional loading frame for a transmission photoelastic instrument with a small overall size while keeping the light field area unchanged, and can be directly mounted on a table. The loading fixture and the loading frame are connected by bolts and fixed with double nuts, which ensures a stable connection and easy replacement. The load sensor is connected to the computer as a feedback device. The set force is input into the computer, and the output shaft of the servo motor drives the ball screw downward, so that the loading beam moves downward smoothly. The loading beam drives the first loading fixture to clamp the sample to be tested. When the value of the force indicator reaches the input value, the servo motor stops. If it exceeds the input value, the servo motor is controlled to reverse, thereby achieving a dynamic balance of the force value during the experiment. This loading method has high precision and stable load, and is worthy of promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multifunctional loading frame of the transmission photoelasticity instrument described in the present invention.

[0015] The annotations in the above figure are as follows:

[0016] 1. Servo motor 2. Upper beam 3. Loading beam 4. Lower beam 5. Column

[0017] 6. Base 7. Sleeve 8. Output gear 9. Transmission gear 10. Ball screw

[0018] 11. First loading fixture 12. Load sensor 13. Second loading fixture 14. Adjustment hole

[0019] 15. Fixing pin 16. Guide rail 17. Crossbeam 18. Leveling foot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] See also Figure 1 As shown:

[0021] The multifunctional loading frame of the transmission photoelastic instrument provided by the present invention includes a servo motor 1, an upper beam 2, a loading beam 3, a lower beam 4, a column 5 and a base 6, wherein the columns 5 are symmetrically arranged with two, the two ends of the upper beam 2 are fixed to the top of the two columns 5, the loading beam 3 is assembled on the lower part of the upper beam 2, the two ends of the loading beam 3 are sleeved on the two columns 5 through a sleeve 7, the loading beam 3 can move up and down along the two columns 5, the servo motor 1 is fixed on the upper beam 2, the servo motor 1 is connected to an output gear 8, the output gear 8 is meshed with a transmission gear 9, the servo motor 1 can drive the transmission gear 9 to rotate through the output gear 8, the upper part of the ball screw 10 is assembled in the middle part of the top surface of the upper beam 2, the transmission gear 9 is fixedly connected to the bearing of the ball screw 10, and the lower end of the ball screw 10 is fixed to the loading beam 3, during the rotation of the transmission gear 9, the ball screw 10 can be driven to move up and down, thereby driving the loading beam 3 to move up and down along the two columns 5. The bottom surface of the loading beam 3 is equipped with a load sensor 12, and the load sensor 12 is connected to the computer through wired or wireless communication. The computer is connected to the servo motor 1. The load sensor 12 can transmit the collected data to the computer in real time. The computer controls the operation of the servo motor 1 through the transmission data of the load sensor 12. The lower part of the load sensor 12 is equipped with a detachable first loading tooling 11, and the lower beam 4 is assembled at the lower part of the loading beam 3. A detachable second loading tooling 13 is assembled on the lower beam corresponding to the first loading tooling 11 on the bottom surface of the loading beam 3. The second loading tooling 13 can be installed with a test piece, and the base 6 is fixed to the bottom of the two columns 5.

[0022] The parts of the two columns 5 where the lower beam 4 is assembled are symmetrically provided with several rows of adjustment holes 14 . The two ends of the lower beam 4 are fixed in the adjustment holes 14 by fixing pins 15 . The setting height of the lower beam 4 on the two columns 5 can be adjusted through the several rows of adjustment holes 14 .

[0023] Two guide rails 16 are provided on the base 6 , and the base 6 can move along the two guide rails 16 to drive the entire frame to move synchronously. A crossbeam 17 is provided at the lower part of the base 6 , and a leveling foot 18 is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam 17 .

[0024] The above-mentioned servo motor 1, load sensor 12 and computer are all assembled from existing equipment, so their specific models and specifications are not described in detail.

[0025] The working principle of this utility model:

[0026] The multifunctional loading frame of the transmission photoelasticity instrument provided by the present invention is driven by a servo motor 1 through an output gear 8 to rotate a transmission gear 9, thereby driving the rotation of a ball screw 10 to drive a loading beam 3 to move up and down smoothly along two columns 5. The loading beam 3 drives a first loading tool 11 to apply a load to a test piece on a second loading tool 13 on a lower beam 4. If the load sensor 12 senses that the load size is greater than a set size, the servo motor 1 rotates in the opposite direction. When the load sensor 12 senses that the load size is equal to the set size, the servo motor 1 stops rotating. The multifunctional loading frame has a reasonable design and a simple structure. The up and down movement of the loading beam 3 is controlled by the servo motor 1, and the loading is high in precision and stable, which is worthy of promotion.

Claims

1. A multifunctional loading frame for a transmission photoelasticity instrument, characterized by: It includes a servo motor, an upper beam, a loading beam, a lower beam, a column and a base, wherein two columns are symmetrically arranged, the two ends of the upper beam are fixed to the top of the two columns, the loading beam is assembled at the lower part of the upper beam, the two ends of the loading beam are sleeved on the two columns through a sleeve, and the loading beam can move up and down along the two columns. The servo motor is fixed on the upper beam, the servo motor is connected to an output gear, the output gear is meshed with the transmission gear, and the servo motor can drive the transmission gear to rotate through the output gear. The upper part of the ball screw is assembled in the middle part of the top surface of the upper beam, the transmission gear is fixedly connected to the bearing of the ball screw, and the lower end of the ball screw is fixed on the loading beam. During the rotation of the transmission gear It can drive the ball screw to move up and down, thereby driving the loading beam to move up and down along the two columns. The bottom surface of the loading beam is equipped with a load sensor. The load sensor is connected to the computer through wired or wireless communication. The computer is connected to the servo motor. The load sensor can transmit the collected data to the computer in real time. The computer controls the operation of the servo motor through the data transmitted by the load sensor. The lower part of the load sensor is equipped with a detachable first loading tooling. The lower beam is assembled at the lower part of the loading beam. The lower beam corresponding to the first loading tooling on the bottom surface of the loading beam is equipped with a detachable second loading tooling. The second loading tooling can be installed on the test piece, and the base is fixed at the bottom of the two columns.

2. The multifunctional loading frame of a transmission photoelasticity instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parts of the two columns where the lower beam is assembled are symmetrically provided with several rows of adjustment holes. Both ends of the lower beam are fixed in the adjustment holes by fixing pins. The setting height of the lower beam on the two columns is adjusted through the several rows of adjustment holes.

3. The multifunctional loading frame of a transmission photoelasticity instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is provided with two guide rails, and the base can move along the two guide rails to drive the entire frame to move synchronously. A crossbeam is provided at the lower part of the base, and a leveling foot is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam.

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