Parasitic wasp vital activity observation device
By designing a suitable insect observation device, the problem of unstable insect observation was solved, a stable environment for insect activities was provided, the escape rate and experimental costs were reduced, and the observation efficiency and result accuracy were improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422701284.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies make it difficult to efficiently and accurately observe and record the life activities of small insects such as the entomologist Aphididae, especially in the presence of chemical pesticides. The analysis of factors affecting their behavior and life cycle is affected by the insects' small size, easy escape, and water loss from leaves, resulting in unstable results.
A device for observing the life activities of parasitic wasps was designed, which includes a leaf nutrient supply device, a parasitic wasp parasitism device and a plant leaf floating moisturizing device. It uses a centrifuge tube, a culture dish and a floating plate structure to provide nutrient solution and a suitable environment, ensure leaf humidity and insect activity space, reduce escape and improve observation efficiency.
The device reduces the insect escape rate, improves the stability and efficiency of observation, reduces the experimental cost, is suitable for the study of the biological characteristics of a variety of small insects, and provides experimental conditions that are closer to field conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223415504U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to insect observation device technical field, especially a kind of parasitic wasp life activity observation device. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the framework of integrated pest management system (IPM), it is particularly important to combine chemical control and biological control methods to effectively suppress pests to the level of no damage to crop yield. In view of the influence of global environmental degradation, invasion of alien organisms and climate change on insect population structure, biological control gradually gains more widespread acceptance because of its environmental protection and obvious control effect. However, in integrated control, chemical control technology is still an indispensable part, but excessive dependence on chemical insecticides is easy to lead to the increase of pest resistance, and has adverse ecological environmental impact on non-target organisms and beneficial insects in farmland ecosystem. Therefore, it is urgent to finely adjust the application ratio of chemical pesticides and biological control in the implementation process of IPM, especially to pay attention to evaluate the acute toxicity and secondary effects of these measures on non-target insects and natural enemies, to ensure the maximum benefit of their synergistic effect, to effectively manage pests based on economic threshold, and to optimize and maintain biological control resources.
[0003] Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is the only major agricultural harmful organism crowned as "super pest", and Encarsia formosa Gahan is an endoparasitoid, which is widely used in the biological control of whitefly pests in greenhouse crops worldwide. It is highly valued for its host specificity, high parasitic ability and environmental compatibility. This species completes its life cycle by parasitizing nymphs of various whiteflies, significantly inhibiting pest numbers and reducing crop losses. However, pesticide application, especially the widespread use of broad-spectrum insecticides such as neonicotinoids, poses a serious threat to beneficial insects such as Encarsia formosa. These chemicals not only rapidly reduce pest density in the short term, but also can directly or indirectly be toxic to Encarsia formosa, causing immediate death or long-term physiological dysfunction through direct exposure or food chain transmission. Studies have found that not only chemical agents, but also whiteflies and greenhouse whiteflies reared on different host plants as hosts for Encarsia formosa, the biological characteristics of the parasitoid also show significant differences.
[0004] The adult body length of the entomologist, Aphididae, is only about 0.6 mm, making it difficult to observe and identify with the naked eye. The construction and analysis of insect life tables is a key tool for evaluating the development of each stage of their life cycle. It involves testing the insect's development time, adult parasitism rate, and emergence rate. The results are crucial for understanding and clarifying the factors and mechanisms that affect the dynamic changes of insect populations. In the study of the biological characteristics of similar small insects such as Aphididae, the tiny size of the insects is often a limiting factor in the rapid and accurate observation of such insects. In addition, the presence of wings and the ease of migration and escape bring many inconveniences. Sometimes, problems with the test system lead to severe water loss in the host plant or leaves. These factors greatly affect the stability and accuracy of the measurement results, resulting in large differences in the results.
[0005] Currently, there are few easy-to-use experimental methods, systems, and equipment that produce more stable results. For small, highly migratory insects like the entomologist Aphididae, mesh-enclosed micro-insect cages are often fixed to leaves in a small area to observe and measure insect behavior and biological phenotypes. However, these micro-insect cages must be manufactured by specialized companies, require a large number of cages, and have a short lifespan. Furthermore, the commonly used micro-insect cages are 4 cm in diameter and 1 cm in height, leaving a very small internal space that significantly restricts insect behavior and can introduce significant errors into experimental results. Therefore, developing simpler, more accurate testing devices and processes to accurately evaluate the life activities and colony performance of small parasitic wasps under the influence of different factors, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of data measurements, is of fundamental importance for reducing experimental bias, guiding pest control, and formulating field application strategies. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a parasitic wasp life activity observation device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, facilitate observation, and have high experimental efficiency.
[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:
[0008] The utility model provides a parasitic wasp life activity observation device, comprising a leaf nutrient supply device, a parasitic wasp parasitism device and a plant leaf floating moisturizing device; the leaf nutrient supply device comprises a centrifuge tube capable of containing nutrient solution and a leaf containing whitefly eggs or nymphs, the leaf having a petiole, the petiole being capable of being wrapped with absorbent cotton, and the absorbent cotton being capable of being fixedly placed inside the centrifuge tube; the parasitic wasp parasitism device comprises a culture dish capable of containing honey water and an upper cover capable of being covered on the culture dish, the leaf nutrient supply device being capable of being placed inside the culture dish; the plant leaf floating moisturizing device comprises a tray and a floating plate, the tray being capable of containing culture solution, the floating plate being capable of floating on the culture solution, the centrifuge tube being capable of being inserted onto the floating plate, and the culture solution being capable of being immersed inside the centrifuge tube.
[0009] Preferably, the leaf nutrient supply device further comprises a sterile syringe capable of adding nutrient solution into the centrifuge tube.
[0010] Preferably, the leaf nutrient supply device further comprises a sealing film capable of sealing the centrifuge tube.
[0011] Preferably, the leaf nutrient supply device further comprises scissors capable of cutting the centrifuge tube.
[0012] Preferably, the floating plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, the centrifuge tube can be inserted into the through holes, and the bottom of the centrifuge tube can extend into the culture solution.
[0013] Preferably, 96 through holes are evenly arranged on the floating plate.
[0014] Preferably, the floating board is made of plastic or foam.
[0015] Preferably, the centrifuge tube has a capacity of 0.2 mL.
[0016] Preferably, the culture dish has a diameter of 90 mm.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:
[0018] The utility model provides a parasitic wasp life activity observation device. The parasitic wasp can complete egg-laying and parasitism on the eggs or nymphs of the whitefly in the parasitic wasp parasitism device. The leaf nutrition supply device and the plant leaf floating moisturizing device can maintain the survival of the leaf, prevent the leaf from losing water, and meet the normal life activity needs of the whitefly nymph. During the entire experimental process from egg-laying to emergence of the entomologist, there is no need to replace new leaves, which is convenient for observation, greatly saves manpower and time, and improves experimental efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.
[0020] Figure 1 The operation flow chart of the leaf nutrient supply device provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0021] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the culture dish provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0022] Figure 3 The operation flow chart of the plant leaf floating and moisturizing device provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0023] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the survival rate of Encarsiaiformosana treated by different concentrations of thiamethoxam provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0024] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the daily parasitic amount of Encarsiaiformosana treated by different concentrations of thiamethoxam provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0025] In the figure, 1 is a leaf, 2 is a centrifugal tube, 3 is a culture dish, 4 is a tray, 5 is a floating plate, and 6 is defatted cotton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.
[0027] The purpose of the present application is to provide a parasitic wasp life activity observation device to solve the problems in the prior art, facilitate observation, and improve experimental efficiency.
[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0029] The present application provides a parasitic wasp life activity observation device, which comprises a centrifugal tube, a culture dish, a tray, a floating plate and defatted cotton. Figures 1 to 3As shown, it includes a leaf 1 nutrient supply device, a parasitic wasp parasitism device and a plant leaf 1 floating moisturizing device; the leaf 1 nutrient supply device includes a centrifuge tube 2 capable of containing nutrient solution and a leaf 1 containing whitefly eggs or nymphs, the leaf 1 is preferably a tomato leaf, the leaf 1 has a petiole, the petiole can be wrapped with absorbent cotton 6, and the absorbent cotton 6 can be fixedly placed inside the centrifuge tube 2; the parasitic wasp parasitism device includes a culture dish 3 capable of containing honey water and an upper cover that can be covered on the culture dish 3, the leaf 1 nutrient supply device can be placed inside the culture dish 3; the plant leaf 1 floating moisturizing device includes a tray 4 and a floating board 5, the tray 4 contains culture solution, the floating board 5 can float on the culture solution, the centrifuge tube 2 can be inserted on the floating board 5, and the culture solution can be immersed in the centrifuge tube 2.
[0030] In some embodiments, the nutrient supply device for the leaf 1 further comprises a sterile syringe capable of adding nutrient solution into the centrifuge tube 2 .
[0031] In some embodiments, the leaf 1 nutrient supply device further comprises a sealing film capable of sealing the centrifuge tube 2 , preferably a parafilm sealing film.
[0032] In some embodiments, the leaf 1 nutrient supply device further comprises scissors capable of cutting the centrifuge tube 2 .
[0033] In some embodiments, a plurality of through holes are provided on the floating plate 5 , and the centrifuge tube 2 can be inserted into the through holes, and the bottom of the centrifuge tube 2 can extend into the culture medium.
[0034] In some embodiments, 96 through holes are evenly formed on the floating plate 5 .
[0035] In some embodiments, the floating board 5 is made of plastic or foam.
[0036] In some embodiments, the capacity of centrifuge tube 2 is 0.2 mL.
[0037] In some embodiments, the culture dish 3 has a diameter of 90 mm.
[0038] The device for observing the life activities of parasitic wasps provided by the utility model uses adult Aphididae, which can lay eggs and parasitize in the bodies of whitefly nymphs feeding on plant leaves. The device for observing the behavioral phenotype of Aphididae mainly includes a nutrient supply device for the leaves, a parasitic wasp parasitism device, and a floating moisture-retaining device for the plant leaves. The specific method of using the device includes the following steps:
[0039] Step one: for leaf 1 nutrition supply device, take the experimental treatment completed containing a certain number of experimental age of whitefly eggs or nymphs of tomato leaf 1, keep the petiole, take out the commercial 0.2 mL plastic centrifuge tube 2, remove the cover for standby; using appropriate amount of absorbent cotton 6 to wrap the tomato leaf 1 petiole, gently put into the centrifuge tube 2 without cover, and use a sterile syringe to add plant nutrient solution; then use commercial sealing film to seal and keep moist;
[0040] Step two: parasitic wasp adult parasitization process, take disposable sterile plastic culture dish 3, select the appropriate size of culture dish 3 according to the size of leaf 1, put the plant leaf 1 treated in step one into the culture dish 3, then introduce the parasitoid adult treated with pesticide, add 10% honey water, cover the culture dish 3 cover, and let it freely choose to parasitize whitefly eggs or nymphs for 24h;
[0041] Step three: transfer the parasitized host, after 24h of parasitization of encarsia, gently flick the parasitoid to other positions of the culture dish 3 outside the leaf 1, take out the plant leaf 1 containing whitefly eggs or nymphs (i.e. leaf 1 nutrition supply device), repeat step two for the tested parasitoid in the culture dish 3 until the tested parasitoid dies;
[0042] Step four: plant leaf 1 floating and moisturizing, cut the bottom of 0.2 mL centrifuge tube 2 in step three with scissors, and put it vertically into the floating plate 5 made of plastic or foam, which is suspended in the tray 4 containing plant culture solution, observe the parasitization of whitefly nymphs and their development every 24h, record the number of parasitized whitefly nymphs, until all the tested parasitoids emerge or die.
[0043] Glass pipette and Olympus stereomicroscope are needed in the test process, encarsia used in this study is preferably purchased from Shandong Lubao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and the whitefly nymphs feeding on tomato host are used as host for successive generation and breeding, and are stored in an artificial climate incubator with temperature of 25℃, humidity of 75±5%, and light cycle of 16h:8h, the biotype of whitefly is Q type, whitefly nymphs are cultured on tomato plants, and 25% thiamethoxam water dispersible granules are purchased from Beijing Zhongbao Green Agricultural Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd.
[0044] The specific observation of encarsia life activity test includes the following contents:
[0045] First, the observation of life activity parameters of encarsia adult after pesticide treatment
[0046] (1) treat encarsia with glass tube drug film method, use thiamethoxam at two treatment concentrations (LC 10 0.016 mg / L, LC 25Using the above-mentioned device and method, a single Aphididae wasp and a fresh tomato leaf with 30 third-instar whitefly nymphs on the back of the leaf were placed in the parasitic wasp parasitism device. The fresh tomato leaf with 30 third-instar whitefly nymphs on the back of the leaf was replaced every 24 hours until the Aphididae adult died.
[0047] (2) With the clean water treatment as the control, 30 adults of the Aphididae were observed in each treatment. The survival of the Aphididae wasps was observed every day, and the lifespan of the Aphididae wasps was recorded.
[0048] Second, observation of the parasitism efficiency of the Aphididae wasp on Bemisia tabaci
[0049] The start date of parasitism of the whitefly nymphs by the Aphididae wasp was recorded, and the leaves parasitized by the Aphididae wasp were observed under a stereomicroscope every day. When the whitefly nymphs on the back of the leaves turned brown, it was recorded as successfully parasitized by the Aphididae wasp. The number of whiteflies parasitized by the Aphididae wasp and its parasitism rate were recorded every day.
[0050] Third, the observation of the various developmental stages of the parasitic Bemisia tabaci
[0051] Cut off the bottom of a 0.2mL plastic centrifuge tube and place it in a 96-well floating plate, then place it in a tray filled with plant nutrient solution and place it in an artificial climate chamber. Observe the tubes daily under a microscope, and record the development time and emergence rate of the parasitic wasps. The number of days from parasitization to the transformation of whitefly nymphs to brown pupae, and the number of days from brown pupae to parasitic wasp emergence, were recorded. After emergence, at least 60 F1 generation Aphididae were reared individually in each treatment and fed 10% honey water until adult death. The developmental parameters of the F1 generation were recorded.
[0052] The analysis of the test results specifically includes the following:
[0053] First, the effects of different concentrations of thiamethoxam on the survival rate of the Aphididae
[0054] Effects of two different concentrations of thiamethoxam on the survival rate of the Aphididae Figure 4 It can be seen that after being treated with different concentrations of thiamethoxam, the survival rate of the Aphididae wasps showed a downward trend. Among them, the survival rate of the Aphididae wasps in the water control treatment was still 94.28% until the 9th day, and all died on the 15th day. However, the survival rate of the Aphididae wasps did not change in the first 5 days of the two pesticide treatments; LC 10 The survival rate of the treated Aphididae wasp was 97.14% on the 8th day, and all of them died on the 13th day. 25 The survival rate of the Aphididae wasp decreased more obviously in the treatment, with a survival rate of 94.28% on the 7th day and all died on the 10th day. The significant difference analysis showed that after treatment with different concentrations of thiamethoxam, LC25 There was a significant difference in survival rate between CK and CK+T.
[0055] Second, the effect of two different concentrations of thiamethoxam on the daily parasitism of Encarsia formosa
[0056] The effect of different concentrations of thiamethoxam on the daily parasitism of Encarsia formosa Figure 5 The daily parasitism of Encarsia formosa after treatment with different concentrations of thiamethoxam showed two obvious peaks, the first peak was on the 2nd day and the second peak was on the 6th-7th day after treatment with water and thiamethoxam LC 10 concentration; while in the treatment with LC 25 concentration, there was only one peak on the 3rd day, which was significantly lower than that in the water control and LC 10 concentration treatment. That is, two different concentrations of thiamethoxam (LC 10 , LC 25 ) had a significant effect on the parasitic days of Encarsia formosa.
[0057] 3. The effect of two different concentrations of thiamethoxam on the development period of F1 generation of Encarsia formosa
[0058] As can be seen from Table 1, the average time of each stage of F1 generation of Encarsia formosa from egg-brown pupa, brown pupa-emergence, adult longevity under CK control and LC 10 , LC 25 treatment was generally maintained at 7-12d, the average longevity of the offspring adults of LC 25 was 10.48d, which was significantly lower than that of other treatments; the increase of thiamethoxam treatment concentration (LC 25 ) significantly reduced the longevity of the offspring of Encarsia formosa, and the time of egg-brown pupa of F1 generation of Encarsia formosa was significantly longer than that of CK control.
[0059] Table 1 Development period of each stage of Encarsia formosa in two pesticide treatments and control
[0060]
[0061]
[0062] The parasitic bee life activity observation device has the following technical effects:
[0063] First, the device is low-cost. The design concept of this device is to avoid the reliance on specialized custom-made micro-worm cages in traditional methods, fully considering cost-effectiveness and can be implemented without special customization. In addition, the materials used in the device are universal and readily available. This means that researchers can easily assemble the experimental device using conventional materials available in the laboratory or with minor modifications. This not only saves production costs but also avoids the trouble of frequent replacement of equipment parts, thereby significantly reducing experimental costs.
[0064] Second, the device is easy to operate. One of the core designs of the device is its nutrient solution floating structure. This innovative design prevents water loss from leaves, effectively ensuring the nutritional needs and freshness of isolated plant leaves, meeting the normal life activities of the host of the aphid wasp, Bemisia tabaci nymphs. Furthermore, no new leaves need to be replaced throughout the entire experimental process from egg laying to emergence, significantly saving manpower and time, and improving experimental efficiency.
[0065] Third, the results are highly stable. Small insects such as the entomologist Aphididae have the ability to fly, and the escape of insects during the test is one of the major problems that restrict the smooth implementation of the test. Through a specific design, this device reduces the escape rate of target test insects to about 1%, thereby ensuring a sufficient sample size and enhancing the reliability of the test data. In addition, compared with traditional micro-insect cages with small spaces, this device uses a culture dish with a diameter of 9 cm and a height of 2.5 cm as a small environment for parasitic wasps to lay eggs and parasitize. The larger activity space provides a more suitable environment for parasitic wasps, which is conducive to the life activity parameters of the entomologist Aphididae being closer to field conditions. As a result, the stability of the test results has been significantly improved;
[0066] Fourth, it has a wide range of uses. Although the device is mainly designed for parasitic wasps, in fact, any small insects with strong migration capabilities, such as whiteflies, aphids, leafminers, etc., can use this device to observe and study their relevant biological characteristics.
[0067] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. A device for observing the vital activities of parasitic wasps, characterized in that: It includes a leaf nutrition supply device, a parasitic wasp parasitism device and a plant leaf floating moisturizing device; The leaf nutrient supply device includes a centrifuge tube capable of containing a nutrient solution and a leaf containing whitefly eggs or nymphs, wherein the leaf has a petiole, the petiole can be wrapped with absorbent cotton, and the absorbent cotton can be fixedly placed inside the centrifuge tube; The parasitic wasp parasitism device comprises a culture dish capable of containing honey water and an upper cover capable of covering the culture dish, and the leaf nutrient supply device can be placed inside the culture dish; The plant leaf floating moisturizing device comprises a tray and a floating plate, wherein the tray contains culture fluid, the floating plate can float on the culture fluid, the centrifuge tube can be inserted on the floating plate, and the culture fluid can be immersed in the centrifuge tube.
2. The parasitic wasp life activity observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf nutrient supply device further comprises a sterile syringe capable of adding nutrient solution into the centrifuge tube.
3. The parasitic wasp life activity observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf nutrient supply device further comprises a sealing film capable of sealing the centrifuge tube.
4. The parasitic wasp life activity observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf nutrient supply device further comprises scissors capable of cutting the centrifuge tube.
5. The parasitic wasp life activity observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, the centrifuge tubes can be inserted into the through holes, and the bottom of the centrifuge tubes can extend into the culture solution.
6. The parasitic wasp life activity observation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: 96 through holes are evenly arranged on the floating plate.
7. The parasitic wasp life activity observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating board is made of plastic or foam.
8. The parasitic wasp life activity observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifuge tube has a capacity of 0.2 mL.
9. The parasitic wasp life activity observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the culture dish is 90 mm.