Improved broach

Abstract

The utility model provides an improved broaching tool which comprises a broaching tool body. The positioning structure is arranged on the broach body and comprises a front positioning part and a rear positioning part; the optimized tooth profile is formed on the broach body, and the optimized tooth profile has an optimized tooth profile angle; and the grinding wheel is matched with the broach body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular to an improved broach. Background Art

[0002] A broach is a precision cutting tool used to process various inner holes, outer surfaces, and special-shaped parts. Traditional broaches often face the following problems during processing:

[0003] The axial and radial positioning accuracy of broaches during machining directly impacts machining quality. Conventional broaches lack high-precision positioning mechanisms, making it difficult to guarantee machining accuracy. Conventional broach tooth profiles are often not fully optimized, resulting in low cutting efficiency, poor surface quality, and a short tool life. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides an improved broach that solves the problems in the prior art of low broach positioning accuracy, inadequately optimized tooth shape design, and unstable cutting process.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides an improved broach, comprising:

[0006] Broach body;

[0007] A positioning structure provided on the broach body, the positioning structure comprising a front positioning portion and a rear positioning portion;

[0008] An optimized tooth profile formed on the broach body, the optimized tooth profile having an optimized tooth profile angle;

[0009] A grinding wheel matched with the broach body.

[0010] The front positioning portion includes:

[0011] A positioning structure that matches the front end of the broach body;

[0012] at least one positioning surface provided on the positioning structure;

[0013] Wherein, when the positioning surface contacts the front end of the broach body, the axial position of the broach can be accurately positioned.

[0014] The rear positioning portion includes:

[0015] A positioning structure that matches the rear end of the broach body;

[0016] at least one positioning surface provided on the positioning structure;

[0017] Wherein, when the positioning surface contacts the rear end of the broach body, the radial position of the broach can be accurately positioned.

[0018] It also includes a detection rod, the structure of which matches the optimized tooth shape and is used for positioning and detection.

[0019] The optimized tooth profile includes:

[0020] An optimized front angle, wherein the front angle is concavely curved;

[0021] An optimized back angle, wherein the back angle is linear;

[0022] The optimized side angle is V-shaped.

[0023] Also includes:

[0024] A speed control mechanism for controlling the broaching speed;

[0025] A feeding mechanism for adjusting the feed amount;

[0026] Broaching path structure designed to ensure uniform cutting and improve surface quality.

[0027] The grinding wheel comprises:

[0028] Cylindrical grinding wheel body with a diameter of 100-200 mm and a thickness of 10-30 mm;

[0029] An abrasive layer is provided on the periphery of the grinding wheel body, wherein the abrasive layer has a thickness of 2-5 mm and is composed of cubic boron nitride abrasive with a particle size of 60-120 mesh;

[0030] A binder within the abrasive layer is used to balance the wear resistance and self-sharpening properties of the grinding wheel;

[0031] A plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed on the surface of the grinding wheel body, wherein the angles of the V-shaped grooves match the side angles of the broach teeth;

[0032] A mounting hole is provided at the center of the grinding wheel body, wherein the diameter of the mounting hole is 20-40 mm;

[0033] The hardness of the grinding wheel is LO level to ensure a balance between processing efficiency and grinding wheel life.

[0034] The broach body comprises:

[0035] Cylindrical body;

[0036] a tapered introduction section provided at one end of the cylindrical body;

[0037] spiral cutting teeth formed on the surface of the cylindrical body;

[0038] a handle provided at the other end of the cylindrical body, wherein the handle has a diameter smaller than that of the body;

[0039] A coolant channel runs through the center of the broach body.

[0040] Also includes:

[0041] Chip flutes designed to ensure smooth chip evacuation;

[0042] A coating provided on the surface of the broach for improving wear resistance and reducing friction;

[0043] Dynamic balancing structure to reduce vibration during processing;

[0044] Adjustable component used to adjust dynamic balance.

[0045] The broach body is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth, each of which has the optimized tooth shape, and the spacing between adjacent cutting teeth is optimized to improve cutting efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0046] This application has the following technical effects:

[0047] Through the design of the front positioning part and the rear positioning part, high-precision axial and radial positioning of the broach is achieved, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0048] The optimized tooth profile design, including the optimization of the rake angle, back angle and side angle, improves the cutting efficiency and the processing surface quality, and prolongs the life of the broach.

[0049] The equipped detection rod can perform precise positioning and detection to ensure processing quality.

[0050] The design of the speed control mechanism and feed mechanism realizes the stable control of the cutting process and improves the processing efficiency and quality.

[0051] Matching grinding wheel design, including reasonable size, material and structure, ensures efficient grinding and maintenance of broaches.

[0052] The structural design of the broach body, including coolant channels and chip grooves, improves cooling effect and chip discharge, thereby increasing machining efficiency.

[0053] The design of coating, dynamic balancing structure and adjustable components further improves the wear resistance, stability and adjustability of the broach. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the broach in the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the front positioning portion in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the rear positioning portion in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection rod in the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the improved front tooth shape in the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the improved tooth shape in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present application provides an improved broach, such as Figure 1 As shown, the broach comprises a broach body 1, a positioning structure 2, an optimized tooth profile 3, and a matching grinding wheel 4 (not shown). The broach solves the technical problems of low positioning accuracy, low cutting efficiency, and poor processing quality in the prior art, achieving technical benefits such as improved processing accuracy, enhanced cutting efficiency, improved processing surface quality, and extended broach life.

[0061] The broach body 1 is the main structure of the entire broach, including a cylindrical body, a tapered lead-in section, spiral cutting teeth, a shank and a coolant channel.

[0062] The positioning structure 2 is provided on the broach body 1 and includes a front positioning portion (such as Figure 2 ) and rear positioning portion (such as Figure 3 The front positioning portion is used to accurately position the axial position of the broach, and the rear positioning portion is used to accurately position the radial position of the broach.

[0063] The optimized tooth profile 3 is formed on the broach body 1 and has an optimized tooth profile angle, including an optimized front angle (such as Figure 6 ), rear angle and side angle.

[0064] The matching grinding wheel 4 cooperates with the broach body 1 and is used for grinding and maintaining the broach.

[0065] In addition, the improved broach also includes a detection rod ( Figure 4 ), speed control mechanism (not shown in the figure), feeding mechanism (not shown in the figure), broaching path structure (not shown in the figure), chip groove (not shown in the figure), surface coating (not shown in the figure), dynamic balancing structure (not shown in the figure) and adjustable components (not shown in the figure), etc.

[0066] The broach body 1 is the core structure of the entire broach and includes the following parts:

[0067] Cylindrical body: This is the main working part of the broach, and its diameter can be selected between 20mm and 100mm depending on the processing requirements. The surface of the body is distributed with spiral cutting teeth, which are the part that actually does the cutting work.

[0068] Tapered lead-in: Located at the front end of the cylindrical body, this tapered design allows the broach to enter the workpiece more smoothly, reducing resistance and vibration during the initial cut. The taper angle is typically between 5° and 15°, and the length is approximately 1.5 to 2 times the body diameter.

[0069] Spiral cutting teeth: These are the actual cutting elements distributed across the cylindrical body. The helix angle typically ranges from 5° to 20° and can be adjusted depending on the material being machined and the requirements. The helical design provides smoother cutting and facilitates chip removal.

[0070] Shank: Located at the other end of the cylindrical body, it is used to mount and secure the broach. The diameter of the shank is smaller than the diameter of the body, typically 0.6 to 0.8 times the diameter of the body. The shank length is approximately 1 to 1.5 times the diameter of the body.

[0071] Coolant channel: This channel runs through the center of the broach body 1 and is used to deliver coolant. The channel diameter is typically 0.1 to 0.2 times the diameter of the body. Near the cutting teeth, several small holes connected to the central channel are used to spray coolant directly onto the cutting area, enhancing cooling efficiency.

[0072] The broach body 1 is usually made of high-speed steel (HSS) or cemented carbide to ensure sufficient hardness and wear resistance. The surface is heat-treated and precision-ground to obtain good surface quality and dimensional accuracy.

[0073] Positioning structure 2

[0074] Positioning mechanism 2 is a key component for ensuring broach machining accuracy. It consists of a front positioning unit and a rear positioning unit. These two components work together to ensure the broach maintains precise positioning during machining. Specifically, the front positioning and rear stabilization ensure that the broach maintains a base diameter of φ63.9-0.05 during machining. Only by maintaining this dimension can the broach be positioned accurately during the broaching process.

[0075] a) Front positioning part:

[0076] The front positioning part is mainly used to determine the axial position of the broach, including the following structures:

[0077] The positioning structure 2 matched with the front end of the broach body 1 is a precisely machined cylindrical groove, the inner diameter of which is precisely matched with the diameter of the front end of the broach body 1.

[0078] At least one positioning surface: One or more precision-machined flat surfaces are provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove. These flat surfaces contact the end surface of the front end of the broach body 1 to determine the precise axial position of the broach.

[0079] When the positioning surface contacts the front end of the broach body 1, axial positioning is achieved through precise contact.

[0080] In order to improve the reliability of positioning, the front positioning portion also includes a locking mechanism, such as a threaded locking ring or a hydraulic locking device, to ensure that the broach maintains a stable axial position during the processing.

[0081] b) Rear positioning part:

[0082] The rear positioning part is mainly used to determine the radial position of the broach, and includes the following structures:

[0083] A positioning structure 2 matched with the rear end of the broach body 1: This is a precisely machined V-groove or a three-jaw chuck that can tightly surround the shank of the broach body 1.

[0084] At least one positioning surface: A precision-machined contact surface is provided on the inner surface of the V-groove or the three-jaw chuck. These contact surfaces are in precise contact with the shank of the broach body 1 to determine the precise radial position of the broach.

[0085] When the positioning surface contacts the rear end of the broach body 1, radial positioning is achieved through precise contact.

[0086] The rear positioning portion usually also includes a radial adjustment mechanism, such as a fine-motion adjustment screw or a precision wedge, which can fine-tune the radial position of the broach within the range of ±0.05mm to compensate for machining errors or wear.

[0087] The material of the positioning structure 2 is usually high-strength, high-hardness alloy steel, such as SKD11 or 9CrWMn. After quenching and tempering heat treatment, the hardness can reach HRC58-62 to ensure long-term stability and wear resistance.

[0088] The surface of the positioning structure 2 is also specially treated, such as nitriding or chrome plating, to further improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0089] Optimized tooth shape 3

[0090] Optimizing tooth profile 3 is one of the core innovations of this improved broach, which directly affects cutting efficiency, surface quality, and broach life. Optimizing tooth profile 3 includes one or more of the following key elements:

[0091] a) Optimized front angle (such as Figure 6 ):

[0092] The concave arc design improves chip flow and reduces cutting force. It can be fine-tuned according to the processing material and requirements.

[0093] The concave arc rake angle can form good chip curling during the cutting process, which is conducive to the smooth discharge of chips and can reduce the cutting temperature.

[0094] Figure 5 This is the tooth profile diagram before improvement. Figure 6 This is the improved (optimized) tooth profile diagram. It can be seen that Figure 5 and Figure 6 There are some changes in the angle and bottom diameter shape. Before the improvement, the tooth profile had an additional groove to reduce the friction caused by the large contact surface during machining. This made the machining process simpler. However, since the user's broaching method is different from the general broaching method, it is a top-pull broaching method. The workpiece moves with the broach, and the pulled workpiece has serious deviation. Therefore, the only way to improve the broach design is to remove the groove and appropriately reduce the angle to use a small diameter positioning method for machining.

[0095] b) Optimized back angle:

[0096] The concave straight line design provides good tool strength.

[0097] Among them, a smaller back angle can increase the strength of the tool, while a larger back angle can reduce friction.

[0098] An appropriate back angle can reduce the friction between the tool and the workpiece, reduce cutting resistance and heat generation, while ensuring sufficient tool strength.

[0099] c) Optimized side angle:

[0100] Shape: V-shaped design, which can provide good cutting performance and chip evacuation effect.

[0101] Angle: A smaller angle improves cutting sharpness, while a larger angle increases tool strength.

[0102] Function: The appropriate side angle can improve the stress distribution during the cutting process, reduce tool wear, and facilitate chip discharge.

[0103] d) Tooth pitch design:

[0104] The spacing between adjacent cutting teeth is optimized to improve cutting efficiency and machining accuracy. While the tooth pitch is typically uneven, a variable pitch design effectively reduces cutting vibration and improves surface quality. The pitch typically varies within ±10% of the base pitch and can be adjusted based on machining requirements.

[0105] e) Tooth transition zone:

[0106] A smooth transition zone is designed between the rake and relief angles of the cutting teeth. This transition design can reduce stress concentration and increase the service life of the tool.

[0107] f) Edge treatment:

[0108] The cutting edge is precision ground and polished, with a radius of 0.01-0.03mm. Proper edge radius enhances tool durability while ensuring good cutting performance.

[0109] g) Surface coating:

[0110] A hard coating, such as TiAlN or AlCrN, is applied to the surface of the optimized tooth shape 3. The coating thickness is usually 2-4 μm, which can significantly improve the wear resistance and heat resistance of the tool.

[0111] This optimized tooth profile 3 design takes into account multiple factors, including cutting force, chip removal, tool strength, and tool life, ensuring excellent cutting performance under all machining conditions. Through computer-aided design and finite element analysis, tooth profile 3 parameters can be further optimized to suit different machining materials and requirements.

[0112] Matching grinding wheel 4

[0113] The matching grinding wheel 4 is specially designed to improve the grinding and maintenance of the broach. Its structure and performance are highly matched with the broach's optimized tooth shape 3. The grinding wheel 4 includes:

[0114] Grinding wheel 4 body:

[0115] Shape: cylindrical, ensuring the balance and stability of the grinding wheel 4.

[0116] Size: Diameter is 100-200 mm, thickness is 10-30 mm. The specific size can be selected according to the size of the broach and the grinding requirements.

[0117] Material: High-strength resin or vitrified bond is usually used to ensure the strength and durability of the grinding wheel 4.

[0118] Abrasive layer:

[0119] Position: Set on the periphery of the grinding wheel 4 body.

[0120] Thickness: 2-5 mm, can be adjusted according to grinding needs.

[0121] Abrasive: Cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasive with a grit size of 60-120 mesh is used. CBN abrasive has high hardness and high thermal stability, making it particularly suitable for sharpening high-speed steel and carbide broaches.

[0122] Distribution: The abrasive is evenly distributed in the binder, ensuring the consistency of grinding.

[0123] Binder:

[0124] Type: Resin bond or vitrified bond available depending on application.

[0125] Function: Used to fix the abrasive and release the abrasive appropriately during the grinding process, so as to balance the wear resistance and self-sharpening properties of the grinding wheel 4.

[0126] Formula: Optimized to suit the characteristics of broach materials and grinding requirements.

[0127] V-groove:

[0128] Position: formed on the surface of the grinding wheel 4 body.

[0129] Shape: Multiple V-grooves with angles matching the side angles of the broach teeth.

[0130] Function: These V-grooves can accurately grind the side angles of the broach, ensuring that the tooth shape after grinding is consistent with the original design.

[0131] Quantity and distribution: Optimized design based on the grinding wheel diameter and broach tooth profile, usually 4-8 evenly distributed V-grooves.

[0132] Mounting holes:

[0133] Position: Set at the center of the grinding wheel 4 body.

[0134] Diameter: 20-40 mm, the specific size needs to match the spindle of the grinding equipment.

[0135] Precision: The roundness and coaxiality of the mounting holes need to be of high precision to ensure the balance of the grinding wheel 4 when rotating at high speed.

[0136] Grinding wheel hardness:

[0137] Range: LO level, this range can ensure the balance between processing efficiency and grinding wheel life.

[0138] The specific hardness can be fine-tuned according to the broach material and grinding requirements. The softer grinding wheel 4 (L grade) is suitable for frequent dressing, while the harder grinding wheel 4 (O grade) has a longer service life.

[0139] Grinding wheel 4 balance:

[0140] Requirements: Achieve G1.6 dynamic balance to ensure stability during high-speed rotation.

[0141] Method: Achieve through precision machining and dynamic balancing correction.

[0142] Surface treatment: The surface of the grinding wheel 4 is precisely dressed to ensure high-precision grinding results. The dressing cycle and method are determined according to actual use. Diamond dressers are usually used for online dressing.

[0143] Cooling system compatibility: The design of the grinding wheel 4 takes into account the compatibility with the cooling system of the grinding equipment to ensure effective cooling during the grinding process.

[0144] Includes internal cooling channels or surface cooling slots design.

[0145] This design of the matching grinding wheel 4 ensures the efficiency and accuracy of the broach grinding process, helps to maintain the optimized tooth shape 3 of the broach, and extends the service life of the broach.

[0146] Inspection rod: The inspection rod is a tool specially designed for locating and inspecting improved broaches. Its structure is highly compatible with the broach's optimized tooth profile 3 and is used to ensure the broach's machining accuracy and quality. The following is the detailed structure of the inspection rod:

[0147] Overall structure:

[0148] High-strength, high-hardness tool steel (such as SKD11) or ceramic materials are usually used, and they undergo precision machining and heat treatment. The surface hardness reaches HRC60-65, ensuring long-term stability and wear resistance. After precision grinding and polishing, the surface roughness Ra does not exceed 0.2μm.

[0149] b) Detection part:

[0150] Matching the broach's optimized tooth profile, the system includes contours corresponding to the rake, relief, and side angles. Contour accuracy is controlled to ±0.001mm to ensure high-precision inspection. Multiple inspection segments are included, each corresponding to a different part of the broach's tooth profile.

[0151] Measuring scale:

[0152] The measuring rod is engraved with a precision scale for visually judging the deviation of the broach tooth profile. The scale interval is usually 0.01mm or 0.005mm, which is convenient for accurate reading.

[0153] Reference planes:

[0154] A high-precision reference plane is provided on the detection rod for more accurate measurement in conjunction with other precision measuring instruments (such as a micrometer).

[0155] Protective structure: A protective cover or shell is provided to protect the delicate surface of the test rod and prevent damage during storage and transportation.

[0156] Identification system: Each test stick has a unique serial number and model identification. It is also marked with the last calibration date and the next calibration date to ensure the reliability of the test stick.

[0157] Temperature compensation: Use special materials or structural designs to minimize the impact of temperature changes on detection accuracy.

[0158] Insert the detection rod between the cutting teeth of the broach and observe the fit between the detection rod and the tooth shape to determine whether the tooth shape meets the design requirements.

[0159] The use of the detection rod can quickly and accurately evaluate the tooth profile of the broach, which helps to promptly detect and correct problems that occur during the processing and ensure that the broach always maintains the best cutting performance.

[0160] The speed control and feed mechanism are essential components of an improved broaching system. They work together to ensure precise control and efficient broaching. The speed control regulates the broach's speed, while the feed mechanism controls the depth of each cut. The coordinated operation of these two mechanisms is crucial for achieving high-quality machined surfaces and extending broach life.

[0161] The speed control mechanism typically utilizes a high-precision servo motor system coupled with an advanced closed-loop control algorithm. This setup allows for precise speed regulation throughout the entire machining process, ranging from a few millimeters per minute to several hundred millimeters per minute. The system also features real-time speed monitoring and automatic adjustment, enabling timely speed adjustments based on changes in cutting load to maintain stable cutting conditions. Furthermore, the speed control mechanism incorporates acceleration and deceleration control to ensure smooth transitions when starting and stopping the broach, minimizing shock and vibration.

[0162] The feed mechanism is responsible for controlling the feed rate for each cut, directly impacting machining efficiency and surface quality. It typically consists of a high-precision screw drive system and servo motor, enabling micron-level feed accuracy. The feed mechanism also features a multi-stage feed mode, automatically adjusting the feed rate according to the different machining stages. For example, a higher feed rate is used during roughing to improve efficiency, while a lower feed rate is used during finishing to achieve better surface quality.

[0163] To further improve machining accuracy and efficiency, the speed control and feed mechanisms are typically integrated with intelligent control systems. This system automatically calculates and sets the optimal speed and feed parameters based on factors such as the workpiece material, broach condition, and machining requirements. It also monitors cutting forces, vibration, and temperature in real time, dynamically adjusting speed and feed based on this feedback to address various changes during the machining process.

[0164] Furthermore, these two mechanisms work closely with the broaching path structure. This structure ensures uniformity and stability during the cutting process through a carefully designed motion trajectory. It incorporates complex curved or spiral paths to optimize cutting force distribution and chip removal. Through precise execution of the speed control and feed mechanisms, the broaching path is perfectly executed, resulting in ideal machining results.

[0165] These advanced control mechanisms not only improve machining accuracy and efficiency but also significantly enhance the broaching system's flexibility and adaptability. Operators can easily adjust parameters to meet diverse machining requirements, and the system automatically adapts to varying workpieces and machining conditions. This high degree of controllability and adaptability enables the improved broaching system to deliver exceptional performance across a wide range of complex machining tasks.

[0166] The design of the chip flute directly impacts the effective removal of chips and the stability of the entire machining process. In this improved broach, the chip flute employs an innovative spiral design, circling the broach body 1 at a specific angle. This design not only effectively guides chips for rapid removal along a predetermined path, but also reduces secondary scratches on the workpiece surface during the removal process. The chip flute's cross-section features a unique V-shaped design, with a narrow base and a wide opening. This configuration prevents chip accumulation within the flute while increasing its strength.

[0167] To further improve chip removal efficiency, the inner surface of the chip flute undergoes a special polishing treatment, achieving a surface roughness Ra below 0.2μm. Furthermore, the inner surface of the flute is coated with a low-friction nanomaterial, which not only reduces friction between the chips and the flute wall but also provides wear and corrosion resistance. A special expansion section is designed at the flute outlet to effectively prevent chip backflow and ensure smooth chip discharge.

[0168] Integrating closely with the chip flutes is an advanced cooling system. This system utilizes a multi-point precision injection cooling method, with multiple micro-nozzles positioned throughout the broach body 1. These nozzles connect to a central coolant channel running through the broach body 1, precisely spraying high-pressure coolant onto the cutting zone. The coolant pressure can be adjusted within a range of 2-10 MPa to meet machining requirements, ensuring that the coolant penetrates the high-speed chip layer and reaches the point of contact between the cutting edge and the workpiece.

[0169] The cooling system also integrates an intelligent temperature control unit that automatically adjusts the coolant flow and pressure based on the real-time temperature of the cutting area. It is also equipped with a highly efficient filtration and circulation device to quickly remove chips and impurities from the coolant, maintaining consistent cooling results. To accommodate different processing materials and process requirements, the cooling system supports the use of a variety of cooling media, including traditional emulsions, semi-synthetic coolants, and the new minimal quantity lubricant (MQL) system.

[0170] It's worth noting that the chip flute and cooling system design fully considers the synergistic effect with Optimized Tooth Profile 3. For example, the angle and position of the coolant nozzles have been carefully calculated to complement the cutting characteristics of Optimized Tooth Profile 3, ensuring maximum coolant coverage of hotspots. Furthermore, the helix angle of the chip flutes also matches the chip generation characteristics of Optimized Tooth Profile 3, creating an efficient chip transport channel.

[0171] This integrated design not only significantly improves the broach's cooling and chip removal efficiency, but also significantly extends its service life and enhances the stability of machining quality. It enables the broach to operate at higher cutting speeds and greater feed rates, thereby improving overall machining efficiency.

[0172] The dynamic balancing structure is designed to address vibration issues that arise during high-speed cutting. It comprises a series of carefully arranged balancing blocks and a dynamic adjustment mechanism. These balancing blocks are distributed across the broach body 1, their mass and position precisely calculated to offset the centrifugal forces generated by the broach's high-speed rotation. Furthermore, the system is equipped with an active dynamic balancing device that monitors the broach's vibration in real time and instantly compensates for any imbalance by fine-tuning the position of the balancing blocks. This dynamic balancing capability enables the broach to maintain stability at higher speeds, resulting in more efficient cutting.

[0173] The design of adjustable components provides flexibility to the broaching system. Most notably, the adjustable cutting teeth. Each cutting tooth is mounted on a fine-tuning mechanism, allowing the operator to precisely adjust the radial and axial position of the tooth to the micron level. This adjustability allows the operator to position the cutting teeth to achieve the optimal cutting effect based on different machining requirements. For example, when performing fine machining, the radial protrusion of certain teeth can be increased to achieve a finer cut.

[0174] Another important adjustable component is the broach's taper adjustment mechanism. By adjusting the relative position of the broach's front and rear ends, the broach's overall taper can be fine-tuned. This adjustment capability is particularly useful for machining precision tapers or compensating for broach wear. The adjustment range is typically between 0.01 and 0.05 mm per 100 mm and is achieved using high-precision mechanical or hydraulic systems.

[0175] The system also incorporates an intelligent wear compensation mechanism. By monitoring cutting force and machining accuracy in real time, the system detects the wear status of the broach. Once wear exceeds a preset threshold, the compensation mechanism automatically fine-tunes the position of the cutting teeth to maintain machining accuracy. This significantly extends the life of the broach and reduces the need for frequent tool changes.

[0176] Notably, all these adjustable components are connected to a central control system. This system not only records and analyzes the effects of each adjustment but also automatically recommends optimal adjustment parameters based on historical data and the current machining task. Operators can easily make adjustments through a user-friendly interface or opt for fully automated adjustment mode.

[0177] The combination of a dynamically balanced structure and adjustable components significantly enhances the practicality of the broaching system. This flexible structure allows the system to adapt to varying workpiece materials, shapes, and precision requirements. This not only improves machining efficiency and quality, but also significantly reduces setup time and tool change frequency.

Claims

1. An improved broach, characterized in that: include: Broach body; A positioning structure provided on the broach body, the positioning structure comprising a front positioning portion and a rear positioning portion; An optimized tooth profile formed on the broach body, the optimized tooth profile having an optimized tooth profile angle; A grinding wheel matched with the broach body; The optimized tooth shape includes one of the following: An optimized front angle, wherein the front angle is concavely curved; An optimized back angle, wherein the back angle is linear; The optimized side angle is V-shaped.

2. The improved broach according to claim 1, characterized in that The front positioning portion includes: A positioning structure that matches the front end of the broach body; at least one positioning surface provided on the positioning structure; Wherein, when the positioning surface contacts the front end of the broach body, the axial position of the broach can be accurately positioned.

3. The improved broach according to claim 1, characterized in that The rear positioning portion includes: A positioning structure that matches the rear end of the broach body; at least one positioning surface provided on the positioning structure; Wherein, when the positioning surface contacts the rear end of the broach body, the radial position of the broach can be accurately positioned.

4. The improved broach according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a detection rod, the structure of which matches the optimized tooth shape and is used for positioning and detection.

5. The improved broach according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: A speed control mechanism for controlling the broaching speed; A feeding mechanism for adjusting the feed amount; Broaching path structure designed to ensure uniform cutting and improve surface quality.

6. The improved broach according to claim 1, characterized in that The grinding wheel comprises: Cylindrical grinding wheel body; an abrasive layer disposed on the periphery of the grinding wheel body; A binder within the abrasive layer is used to balance the wear resistance and self-sharpening properties of the grinding wheel; A plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed on the surface of the grinding wheel body, wherein the angles of the V-shaped grooves match the side angles of the broach teeth; A mounting hole is provided at the center of the grinding wheel body.

7. The improved broach according to claim 1, characterized in that The broach body comprises: Cylindrical body; a tapered introduction section provided at one end of the cylindrical body; spiral cutting teeth formed on the surface of the cylindrical body; a handle provided at the other end of the cylindrical body, wherein the handle has a diameter smaller than that of the body; A coolant channel runs through the center of the broach body.

8. The improved broach according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Chip flutes designed to ensure smooth chip evacuation; A coating provided on the surface of the broach for improving wear resistance and reducing friction; Dynamic balancing structure to reduce vibration during processing; Adjustable component used to adjust dynamic balance.

9. The improved broach according to claim 1, characterized in that The broach body is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth, each of which has the optimized tooth shape, and the spacing between adjacent cutting teeth is optimized to improve cutting efficiency and processing accuracy.

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